David J Klein
Biographic Data
| ID | 84716 |
|---|---|
| NAME | David J Klein |
| GIVEN NAMES | David J |
| FAMILY NAME | Klein |
| SIGNATURE | KLEIN D J |
| AFFILIATIONS | RAND Corporation |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5022-5839 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 82 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 254 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 82 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1965 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
Correlates of PrEP Cascade Outcomes Among Immigrant Latino Men Who Have Sex with Men
HIV disparities among U.S. Latino men who have sex with men (LMSM) persist alongside lower PrEP use. We examined correlates of PrEP cascade outcomes among 287 cisgender immigrant LMSM. PrEP conspiracy beliefs were negatively associated with HIV testing (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.59–0.99, p =.04); knowing a PrEP user was positively associated (OR = 3.09, CI: 1.81–5.28, p p p =.02), multiple sexual partners (belief: OR = 2.06, CI: 1.02–4.16, p =.04; pla…
Longitudinal Correlates of Internalized HIV Stigma Among Ugandan PLWH
Internalized HIV stigma, defined as negative self-perceptions among people living with HIV (PLWH) based on the societal stereotype, is a significant barrier to effective HIV prevention and care in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study examined longitudinal correlates of internalized HIV stigma among PLWH in Uganda. The sample included 105 participants (mean age = 39.3 years (SD = 10.5); 69.5% women). Surveys were conducted at baseline, and 6, 12, and 18…
HIV Disclosure and Prevention Advocacy Partially Mediate Advocacy Training Intervention Effect on Reduced Internalized HIV Stigma
Reduction of internalized HIV stigma is key to increasing HIV disclosure and engagement in peer advocacy for HIV prevention—and these latter processes may also be important for making further inroads into minimizing stigma. We examined mediators of the effect of a peer advocacy training intervention, Game Changers for HIV Prevention (GC-HIV), on reduced internalized HIV stigma among persons living with HIV (PLWH) in Uganda. A randomized controlle…
Change in Health Status Among American Indian/Alaska Native Adolescents Living Outside of Tribal Land in California Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic
An integrated modeling perspective on climate change mitigation and co-benefits in the transport sector
Transport research has long focused on comparing climate change mitigation strategies. However, it remains unclear how the effects of different strategies on climate and non-climate externalities compare. This paper assesses the mitigation potential of a comprehensive set of transport transformation strategies from an integrated modeling perspective. In doing so, it goes beyond the assessment of climate change by including health-related external…
Randomized Controlled Trial of Game Changers, a Social Network Intervention for HIV Prevention in Uganda
In Uganda, where HIV prevalence remains above 5% among those aged 15 and older, we conducted a randomized controlled trial of Game Changers, an 8-session peer-facilitated group intervention that empowers people living with HIV (PLHIV) to engage in HIV prevention advocacy with their social network members ("alters"). A total of 210 index PLHIV participants (105 intervention, 105 control) and 599 alters were enrolled; assessments were conducted at …
Randomized Controlled Trial of a Group Cognitive Behavior Therapy HIV Prevention Intervention for Immigrant Latino Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men who Have Sex with Men
Latino gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (LGBMSM) are disproportionally affected by HIV in the U.S. We tested a culturally tailored community-based group HIV prevention intervention ("Siempre Seguiré") for immigrant LGBMSM that uses cognitive behavior therapy to address coping with intersectional stigma and medical mistrust. A total of 289 immigrant LGBMSM were randomized (144 control, 145 intervention) and completed surveys at b…
Internalized HIV Stigma, Sleep Problems, and Depressive Symptoms in People with HIV in Botswana
This study investigates the impact of internalized HIV stigma on sleep problems and depression in people living with HIV (PLWH) in Botswana. It also explores whether sleep problems mediate the relationship between internalized HIV stigma and depressive symptoms, given that sleep disturbance is a symptom of depression and often predates a depressive episode. Secondary analysis was conducted using baseline data from a pilot randomized controlled tr…
Investigating Change in Psychosocial Outcomes for Young Adults Experiencing Homelessness in Los Angeles With and Without Pregnancy Experiences
Context Young adults experiencing homelessness (YAEH) have higher rates of pregnancy than stably housed young adults. Pregnant and parenting YAEH face several challenges, but little is known about outcome change over time. Methods 276 YAEH (aged 18–25, 28% female sex at birth) receiving services at drop‐in centers in Los Angeles, California, participated in an intervention study to address substance use and sexual health. At each survey, particip…
Sleep Disturbance Mediates the Associations Between HIV Stigma and Mental and Physical Health Among Black Adults with HIV
Objectives Black Americans have been disproportionally affected by the HIV epidemic, and experience significant disparities in sleep health, mental health, and physical health domains. Using longitudinal data from a sample of Black adults with HIV, the current study examined the associations between stigma and mental and physical health outcomes and how sleep disturbance may play a mediating role. Methods Data were drawn from a recent randomized …
Enhancing sleep health in urban American Indian/Alaska Native adolescents: Implications for culturally tailored interventions
BACKGROUND: Urban American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) adolescents are vulnerable to sleep and other health-related disparities due to numerous social drivers, including historical trauma and relocation to urban areas. This study aims to identify strategies to increase protective factors and culturally tailor sleep health interventions for this population. METHODS: Using community-based participatory research, the NAYSHAW study conducted in-dept…
Enhanced Oral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Implementation for Ugandan Fisherfolk: Pilot Intervention Outcomes
Mobile populations such as fisherfolk show high HIV incidence and prevalence. We pilot-tested implementation strategies to enhance pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake and adherence in the context of healthcare outreach events in two mainland fisherfolk communities on Lake Victoria, Uganda from September 2021 to February 2022. The implementation strategies included PrEP adherence supporters (selected from PrEP users' social networks), community…
Characteristics of Received HIV Prevention Advocacy from Persons Living with HIV in Uganda, and Associations with HIV Testing and Condom Use Among Social Network Members
Receiving peer advocacy has been shown to result in increased HIV protective behaviors, but little research has gone beyond assessment of the mere presence of advocacy to examine aspects of advocacy driving these effects. With baseline data from a controlled trial of an advocacy training intervention, we studied characteristics of HIV prevention advocacy received among 599 social network members of persons living with HIV in Uganda and the associ…
Concordance of HIV Prevention Advocacy Reports and its Associations with HIV Protective Behaviors
Peer advocacy can promote HIV protective behaviors, but little is known about the concordance on prevention advocacy(PA) reports between people living with HIV(PLWH) and their social network members. We examined prevalence and correlates of such concordance, and its association with the targeted HIV protective behavior of the social network member. Data were analyzed from 193 PLWH(index participants) and their 599 social network members(alters). …
Voices of Identity: Exploring Identity Development and Transformation Among Urban American Indian/Alaska Native Emerging Adults
Emerging adulthood shapes personal, professional, and overall well-being through identity exploration. This study addresses a gap in the minority identity literature by investigating how urban AI/AN emerging adults think about their identity and discussing challenges and protective factors associated with exploring their identity holistically. This mixed-methods study created a sampling framework based on discrimination experiences, cultural iden…
Loneliness Among Black/African American Adults Living with HIV: Sociodemographic and Psychosocial Correlates and Implications for Adherence
Loneliness, an emerging public health problem, is higher among people living with HIV and is associated with negative health outcomes. Black/African Americans have a high burden of HIV, and little is known about the characteristics of loneliness among Black adults living with HIV; therefore, this study sought to understand the sociodemographic and psychosocial correlates of Black adults living with HIV who are lonely and the implications of lonel…
Rural disparities in the quality of clinical care are notable and larger for males
PURPOSE: To investigate whether rural-urban differences in quality of care for Medicare Advantage (MA) enrollees vary between females and males. METHODS: Data for this study came from the 2019 Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set. Linear regression was used to investigate urban-rural differences in individual MA enrollee scores on 34 clinical care measures grouped into 7 categories, and how those differences varied by sex (through ev…
Secondary Outcomes of a Brief Group Alcohol and Risky Sex Intervention for Emerging Adults Experiencing Homelessness
AWARE is a four-session group-based motivational enhancement intervention designed to reduce substance use and sexual risk behavior among emerging adults experiencing homelessness. Expanding on promising intervention effects on substance use and risky sex outcomes, this study explored intervention effects on changes in secondary outcomes from baseline to 12-month post-intervention: depression, physical health (general health ratings, physical sym…
Culturally Relevant Africultural Coping Moderates the Association Between Discrimination and Antiretroviral Adherence Among Sexual Minority Black Americans Living with HIV
Exposure to discrimination has been linked to lower HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and poor HIV care outcomes among Black Americans. Coping has been shown to mitigate the harmful effects of discrimination on health behaviors, but the use of cultural relevant Africultural coping strategies is understudied as a moderator of the association between intersectional discrimination and ART adherence among Black Americans. We used adjusted lo…
Sociodemographic and Behavioral Risk Correlates of PrEP Interest and Use Among Young Adults Experiencing Homelessness in Los Angeles
Young adults experiencing homelessness (YAEH) are at elevated risk for HIV compared to their stably housed peers. Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective at preventing HIV infection, yet YAEH have been largely overlooked in PrEP efforts to date despite YAEH reporting high overall interest in PrEP. We assessed individual, social, and structural variables associated with PrEP interest and use among a sample of 195 YAEH (ages 18-25) recru…
Unmet Social Needs are Associated with Lower Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Medication Among a Sample of Black People Living with HIV (PLHIV)
Determinants of Effective Information Sharing in Publicly Funded Infrastructure Projects: A Scoping Review
Using qualitative (content) analysis, we provide a framework highlighting the determinants of effective inter-organization information sharing in developing infrastructure projects. We examined the determinants of effective inter-organization information sharing in publicly funded physical infrastructure projects, focusing mainly on health, education, and transportation projects. The literature search identified 2,330 citations. A review of these…
Association of Medicare Advantage Premiums With Measures of Quality and Patient Experience
This population-based cross-sectional study found that although quality of care and patient experience were slightly higher with higher-premium plans, quality varied widely within each premium category. High-quality care and patient experience were found in each price category. Thus, paying higher premiums is not necessary for higher quality care in Medicare Advantage plans. Greater engagement of enrollees and advocates with quality of care and p…
Association of Condom Use Advocacy with Perceived Condom Use Among Social Network Members: The Mediating Role of Advocates’ Internalized HIV Stigma and Own Condom Use
Randomized Controlled Trial of Rise, A Community-Based Culturally Congruent Counseling Intervention to Support Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Black/African American Adults Living with HIV
Perceived discrimination and mental health symptoms among Black men with HIV
People living with HIV (PLWH) exhibit more severe mental health symptoms, including depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, than do members of the general public. We examined whether perceived discrimination, which has been associated with poor mental health in prior research, contributes to greater depression and PTSD symptoms among HIV-positive Black men who have sex with men (MSM), who are at high risk for discrimination …
Medical mistrust is related to lower longitudinal medication adherence among African-American males with HIV
African-Americans living with HIV show worse health behaviors (e.g. medication adherence) and outcomes (e.g. viral suppression) than do their White counterparts. In a 6-month longitudinal study, we investigated whether medical mistrust among African-American males with HIV (214 enrolled, 140 with longitudinal data) predicted lower electronically monitored antiretroviral medication adherence. General medical mistrust (e.g. suspicion toward provide…
Medical mistrust among social network members may contribute to antiretroviral treatment nonadherence in African Americans living with HIV
Running Away From Home: A Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Risk Factors and Young Adult Outcomes
Social Context and Adolescent Health Behavior: Does School-Level Smoking Prevalence Affect Students' Subsequent Smoking Behavior
This paper examines the links between individual adolescent smoking behavior and actual and perceived smoking behavior in the individual's school cohort. We hypothesized that students enrolled in schools with higher smoking prevalence among students in their grade are more likely to smoke subsequently. We also expected perceived school-level prevalence of smoking to have a greater impact than actual prevalence because the former is a more direct …
Age Cohort Differences in the Developmental Milestones of Gay Men
As the social context in which gay men live changes due to greater visibility, greater acceptance, and easier access to gay subculture, gay males may self-identify and take part in gay social activities at earlier ages than in the past. This study examined whether developmental milestones associated with sexual orientation for gay men have changed over the past several decades. A large and diverse sample of 2,402 gay men who responded to a 1994 s…
From Adolescence to Young Adulthood: Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Smoking
Objectives. We used data gathered from 6259 youths between the ages of 13 and 23 years to compare trends in smoking among 4 racial/ethnic groups. Methods. We weighted trend data to represent baseline respondent characteristics and evaluated these data with linear contrasts derived from multiple regression analyses. Results. Although African Americans exhibited higher initiation rates than Whites, they exhibited consistently lower rates of regular…
Association Between Perceived Discrimination and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Problem Behaviors Among Preadolescent Youths
Eliminating discrimination could considerably reduce mental health issues, including problem behaviors, among Black and Latino youths
Unveiling an ‘invisible population: Health, substance use, sexual behavior, culture, and discrimination among urban American Indian/Alaska Native adolescents in California
Objectives: There are limited public health data on urban American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations, particularly adolescents. The current study attempted to address gaps by providing descriptive information on experiences of urban AI/AN adolescents across northern, central, and southern California. Design: We describe demographics and several behavioral health and cultural domains, including: alcohol and other drug (AOD) use, risky sexua…
Pilot intervention for discrimination-related coping among HIV-positive Black sexual minority men
Still Climbin' was feasible and acceptable to participants, and showed promise for improving coping with discrimination, which ultimately can lead to better health outcomes and reduced disparities. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved
Are Adolescent Substance Users Less Satisfied with Life as Young Adults and if so, Why
Multiple trajectories of physical aggression among adolescent boys and girls
Latent growth mixture modeling was used to identify discrete patterns of physical aggression from Grades 7 to 11 among a sample of 1,877 youth. Four trajectory classes adequately explained the development of physical aggression in both boys and girls: Low/No Aggression; Persistent High Aggression; Desisting Aggression, characterized by decreasing risk throughout adolescence; and Adolescent Aggression, characterized by low early risk that increase…
Overt Perceived Discrimination and Racial Microaggressions and their Association with Health Risk Behaviors among a Sample of Urban American Indian/Alaska Native Adolescents
Effects of mood on high elaboration attitude change: The mediating role of likelihood judgments
Two experiments examined the processes by which positive and negative mood states produce attitude change under high elaboration conditions. We hypothesized that under high elaboration conditions, mood would influence attitudes by affecting the perceived likelihood of occurrence for consequences presented in message arguments. In Experiment I, arguments were framed positively, and positive mood led to greater perceived likelihood of the consequen…
Identifying as American Indian/Alaska Native in Urban Areas: Implications for Adolescent Behavioral Health and Well-Being
American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) youth exhibit multiple health disparities, including high rates of alcohol and other drug (AOD) use, violence and delinquency, and mental health problems. Approximately 70% of AI/AN youth reside in urban areas, where negative outcomes on behavioral health and well-being are often high. Identity development may be particularly complex in urban settings, where youth may face more fragmented and lower densit…
Association of Discrimination-Related Trauma With Sexual Risk Among HIV-Positive African American Men Who Have Sex With Men
Objectives. We investigated whether 1 form of traumatic stress, discrimination-related trauma (e.g., physical assault because of race), was associated with unprotected anal intercourse, especially when compared with non–discrimination-related trauma, among African American men who have sex with men. Methods. A convenience sample of 131 HIV-positive African American men who have sex with men receiving antiretroviral treatment completed audio compu…
Differences by Survey Language and Mode among Chinese Respondents to a CAHPS Health Plan Survey
Journal Article Differences by Survey Language and Mode among Chinese Respondents to a CAHPS Health Plan Survey Get access Marc N. Elliott, Marc N. Elliott Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Sherman Edwards, W. Sherman Edwards Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar David J. Klein, David J. Klein Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Amy H…
Social Control of Health Behaviors: A Comparison of Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults
Social control can positively influence health behaviors, but changes in social networks over time may cause older adults to experience less health-related social control. The size and composition of social control networks, and receipt of health-related social control, were examined in a probability sample of 509 household residents (aged 25-80 years) in Los Angeles County who completed a telephone survey. Compared with younger and middle-aged a…
Mental Health, Physical Health, and Cultural Characteristics Among American Indians/Alaska Natives Seeking Substance Use Treatment in an Urban Setting: A Descriptive Study
Exploring the Link Between Substance Abuse and Abortion: The Roles of Unconventionality and Unplanned Pregnancy
Voices of Identity: Exploring Identity Development and Transformation Among Urban American Indian/Alaska Native Emerging Adults
Emerging adulthood shapes personal, professional, and overall well-being through identity exploration. This study addresses a gap in the minority identity literature by investigating how urban AI/AN emerging adults think about their identity and discussing challenges and protective factors associated with exploring their identity holistically. This mixed-methods study created a sampling framework based on discrimination experiences, cultural iden…
Factors associated with drop-in center utilization among unaccompanied youth experiencing homelessness
Association of Internalized and Social Network Level HIV Stigma With High-Risk Condomless Sex Among HIV-Positive African American Men
Perceived Effects of Leave From Work and the Role of Paid Leave Among Parents of Children With Special Health Care Needs
Objectives. We examined the perceived effects of leave from work among employed parents of children with special health care needs. Methods. Telephone interviews were conducted from November 2003 to January 2004 with 585 parents who had missed 1 or more workdays for their child's illness in the previous year. Results. Most parents reported positive effects of leave on their child's physical (81%) and emotional (85%) health; 57% reported a positiv…
Risk and Resilience Factors in Urban American Indian and Alaska Native Youth during the Coronavirus Pandemic
American Indians and Alaska Natives suffer disproportionately from poverty and other inequities and are vulnerable to adverse health and socioeconomic effects of COVID-19. Using surveys and interviews (May-July 2020), we examined urban American Indian/Alaska Native adolescents' (N=50) health and behaviors, family dynamics, community cohesion, and traditional practice participation during COVID-19. About 20% of teens reported clinically significan…
Accident Research: Methods and Approaches
An Individualized Approach to a Literary Text
Few articles have been written applying current methodologies and innovative techniques to teaching literature to the advanced student. This article presents a successful method for individualizing the study of a literary text. It emphasizes the need to continue to improve upon and develop the four skills, while deemphasizing the traditional role of literary texts as a vehicle for acquiring critical literary skills. Students progress into more ad…
Effects of mood on high elaboration attitude change: The mediating role of likelihood judgments
Two experiments examined the processes by which positive and negative mood states produce attitude change under high elaboration conditions. We hypothesized that under high elaboration conditions, mood would influence attitudes by affecting the perceived likelihood of occurrence for consequences presented in message arguments. In Experiment I, arguments were framed positively, and positive mood led to greater perceived likelihood of the consequen…
Ballot Information and Voting Decisions in Judicial Elections
Ten-Year Prospective Study of Public Health Problems Associated With Early Drinking
Objective. To compare early nondrinkers, experimenters, and drinkers on the prevalence of problem behaviors at grades 7 and 12 and at age 23 (N = 6338, 4265, and 3369, respectively). Methods. Results are based on longitudinal self-report data from individuals who were originally recruited from 30 California and Oregon schools at grade 7 (1985) and assessed again at grade 12 (1990) and at age 23 (1995). Logistic regression was used to develop weig…
Social Context and Adolescent Health Behavior: Does School-Level Smoking Prevalence Affect Students' Subsequent Smoking Behavior
This paper examines the links between individual adolescent smoking behavior and actual and perceived smoking behavior in the individual's school cohort. We hypothesized that students enrolled in schools with higher smoking prevalence among students in their grade are more likely to smoke subsequently. We also expected perceived school-level prevalence of smoking to have a greater impact than actual prevalence because the former is a more direct …
The Emotional and Behavioral Impact of Terrorism on Children: Results from a National Survey
To examine the emotional and behavioral impact of terrorism on children across the country, telephone interviews were conducted with a national probability sample of 395 parents of 5- to 18-year-old children from November 9 to 28, 2001. Parents reported on child emotional and behavioral reactions to terrorism, parent-child discussions about terrorism, and terrorism-related school activities. Thirty percent of parents reported more than 4 terroris…
Social Control of Health Behaviors: A Comparison of Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults
Social control can positively influence health behaviors, but changes in social networks over time may cause older adults to experience less health-related social control. The size and composition of social control networks, and receipt of health-related social control, were examined in a probability sample of 509 household residents (aged 25-80 years) in Los Angeles County who completed a telephone survey. Compared with younger and middle-aged a…
From Adolescence to Young Adulthood: Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Smoking
Objectives. We used data gathered from 6259 youths between the ages of 13 and 23 years to compare trends in smoking among 4 racial/ethnic groups. Methods. We weighted trend data to represent baseline respondent characteristics and evaluated these data with linear contrasts derived from multiple regression analyses. Results. Although African Americans exhibited higher initiation rates than Whites, they exhibited consistently lower rates of regular…
Isolating the Nexus of Substance Use, Violence and Sexual Risk for HIV Infection Among Young Adults in the United States
Cigarette smoking from adolescence to young adulthood: Women’s developmental trajectories and associates outcomes
Exploring the Link Between Substance Use and Abortion: The Roles of Unconventionality and Unplanned Pregnancy
Unconventionality mediates certain associations between substance use and abortion, perhaps because unconventional women are more likely both to use substances and to engage in behaviors that increase their risk of unplanned pregnancy. Hence, it seems unlikely that reducing substance use will result in substantially fewer abortions
Exploring the Link Between Substance Abuse and Abortion: The Roles of Unconventionality and Unplanned Pregnancy
Association of Sexual Abstinence in Adolescence with Mental Health in Adulthood
We examined whether adolescent sexual abstinence predicts better adult mental health. 1,917 adolescents, recruited from middle schools at age 13, were surveyed at ages 13, 18, 23, and 29. In bivariate analyses, adolescent sexual abstinence was associated with better mental health at age 29 for females, but not males; three adolescent factors, educational prospects, family bonding, and unconventionality were investigated as explanatory variables o…
Outpatient Mental Health Utilization Among Commercially Insured Individuals: In- and Out-of-Network Care
Objective: This study examined the rates and correlates of out-of-network outpatient mental health specialty care. Research Design: Using administrative data from a large insurer, we examine the frequency of out-of-network utilization, analyze demographic and clinical characteristics of individuals receiving out-of-network care, and examine the types of service provided out-of-network. Results: Out-of-network outpatient mental health care was rec…
Are Adolescent Substance Users Less Satisfied with Life as Young Adults and if so, Why
Understanding Differences in Substance Use Among Bisexual and Heterosexual Young Women
Multiple trajectories of physical aggression among adolescent boys and girls
Latent growth mixture modeling was used to identify discrete patterns of physical aggression from Grades 7 to 11 among a sample of 1,877 youth. Four trajectory classes adequately explained the development of physical aggression in both boys and girls: Low/No Aggression; Persistent High Aggression; Desisting Aggression, characterized by decreasing risk throughout adolescence; and Adolescent Aggression, characterized by low early risk that increase…
Bridging From the Picker Hospital Survey to the CAHPS® Hospital Survey
OBJECTIVE: Illustrate an accessible method of bridging data from earlier surveys to the CAHPS Hospital Survey to support hospitals' internal quality improvement efforts. DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING: Survey of patients with more than 300,000 annual hospitalizations in a large urban hospital. STUDY DESIGN AND DATA: Six pairs of parallel items from the CAHPS and Picker Hospital Surveys were administered to the same 734 patients. We assessed item comp…
Age Cohort Differences in the Developmental Milestones of Gay Men
As the social context in which gay men live changes due to greater visibility, greater acceptance, and easier access to gay subculture, gay males may self-identify and take part in gay social activities at earlier ages than in the past. This study examined whether developmental milestones associated with sexual orientation for gay men have changed over the past several decades. A large and diverse sample of 2,402 gay men who responded to a 1994 s…
Perceived Effects of Leave From Work and the Role of Paid Leave Among Parents of Children With Special Health Care Needs
Objectives. We examined the perceived effects of leave from work among employed parents of children with special health care needs. Methods. Telephone interviews were conducted from November 2003 to January 2004 with 585 parents who had missed 1 or more workdays for their child's illness in the previous year. Results. Most parents reported positive effects of leave on their child's physical (81%) and emotional (85%) health; 57% reported a positiv…
Patient Activation Status as a Predictor of Patient Experience Among Medicare Beneficiaries
BACKGROUND: Patient activation status (PAS) can be identified using the Medicare Segmentation Screening Tool, a 2-item measure assessing patients' health skills and motivation to participate in their own care. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether PAS is predictive of Medicare beneficiary health care experiences with health providers and insurance plans after case-mix adjustment. RESEARCH DESIGN: Linear regression models examined the association betwee…
Longitudinal Relationships Between Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence and Discrimination Due to HIV-Serostatus, Race, and Sexual Orientation Among African–American Men with HIV
African-Americans show worse HIV disease outcomes compared to Whites. Health disparities may be aggravated by discrimination, which is associated with worse health and maladaptive health behaviors. We examined longitudinal effects of discrimination on antiretroviral treatment adherence among 152 HIV-positive Black men who have sex with men. We measured adherence and discrimination due to HIV-serostatus, race/ethnicity, and sexual orientation at b…
Timing of Parent and Child Communication About Sexuality Relative to Children's Sexual Behaviors
OBJECTIVE: To examine timing of parent–child discussions about sexual topics relative to child-reported sexual behavior. METHODS: Longitudinal study of employed parents and their children, with an initial survey followed by subsequent surveys 3, 6, and 12 months later. Participants were 141 parents, along with their children (13–17 years), who were control participants in a randomized, controlled trial to evaluate a worksite-based intervention to…
Provider-related Barriers to Rapid HIV Testing in U.S. Urban Non-profit Community Clinics, Community-based Organizations (CBOs) and Hospitals
Medicine (62 works) · Psychology (54 works) · Psychiatry (34 works) · Public health (34 works) · Clinical Psychology (32 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (32 works) · Gerontology (30 works) · Clinical Psychology (29 works) · Demography (28 works) · Environmental health (23 works)