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Robert L Anemone

Biographic Data

ID84893
NAMERobert L Anemone
GIVEN NAMESRobert L
FAMILY NAMEAnemone
SIGNATUREANEMONE R L
AFFILIATIONSWestern Michigan University
ORCID0000-0003-2838-968X
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS21
TOTAL CITATIONS127
AUTHOR COUNT21
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR1990
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX6
  • Parting ways: Pan-Homo divergence revisited

    Open Access•João D’oliveira Coelho, Robert L Anemone et al.•ARTICLE•Primates•2026

    The timing of divergence between hominins and the bonobo-chimpanzee clade has been at the core of palaeoanthropological debate for over a century. The earliest molecular studies indicated divergence times ranging from 5 Ma to as recently as 1.3 Ma. This study critically reviews the trends of time estimates published between 1967 and 2023, and analyses how these are supported or rejected by the current molecular and fossil records. We compiled 202…

  • A diverse new omomyid primate fauna from the early Eocene of southern Wyoming with implications for interpreting macroevolutionary patterns among anaptomorphines

    Open Access•Parker D Rhinehart, Robert L Anemone et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Human Evolution•2026

    A richly fossiliferous sandstone outcrop in the Wasatch Formation, Great Divide Basin, southern Wyoming, has yielded exceptionally well-preserved fossils of three omomyid primates. Here we report new occurrences of two rarely documented omomyids, Arapahovius gazini and Anemorhysis savagei, describe a new species of Tetonius, and perform a phylogenetic analysis of Tetonius and its allies; the two previously described omomyids are new additions to …

  • Evaluating Random Forest Model Performance for Cave and Sinkhole Prediction in the Cradle of Humankind, South Africa: Preliminary Analysis and Variable Importance Assessments

    Open Access•Margaret J Furtner, Robert L Anemone et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Archaeological Method…•2026•References: 51

    Surveying an area for new fossil sites is a labor-intensive and resource-draining activity that can be alleviated with the aid of machine learning models. In karst landscapes of southern Africa, Plio-Pleistocene fossils that inform the paleoanthropological record are primarily found preserved in caves and sinkholes. The purpose of this study is to assess the utility of Random Forest (RF) models for cave and sinkhole prediction in the Cradle of Hu…

  • Digitization of the Nissen–Riesen chimpanzee radiological growth series

    Open Access•Nathan E Thompson, Lameesah Ahmed et al.•ARTICLE•Evolutionary Anthropology Issues…•2020

    Longitudinal morphological growth data of apes are incredibly difficult to obtain. Long life histories, combined with practical and ethical issues of obtaining such long‐term data have resulted in few longitudinal data sets in chimpanzees of known chronological ages. One classic, long‐term growth study of chimpanzees was that of Drs Nissen and Riesen initiated at the Yale Laboratories of Primate Biology in 1939. Through that study, whole‐body rad…

  • Let your fingers do the walking: A simple spectral signature model for "remote" fossil prospecting

    Open Access•Glenn C Conroy, Charles W Emerson et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Human Evolution•2012•Cited by: 2•References: 19

  • Finding fossils in new ways: An artificial neural network approach to predicting the location of productive fossil localities

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Robert Anemone et al.•ARTICLE•Evolutionary Anthropology Issues…•2011

    Chance and serendipity have long played a role in the location of productive fossil localities by vertebrate paleontologists and paleoanthropologists. We offer an alternative approach, informed by methods borrowed from the geographic information sciences and using recent advances in computer science, to more efficiently predict where fossil localities might be found. Our model uses an artificial neural network (ANN) that is trained to recognize t…

  • GIS and paleoanthropology: Incorporating new approaches from the geospatial sciences in the analysis of primate and human evolution

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Glenn C Conroy et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•2011•Cited by: 4•References: 124

    The incorporation of research tools and analytical approaches from the geospatial sciences is a welcome trend for the study of primate and human evolution. The use of remote sensing (RS) imagery and geographic information systems (GIS) allows vertebrate paleontologists, paleoanthropologists, and functional morphologists to study fossil localities, landscapes, and individual specimens in new and innovative ways that recognize and analyze the spati…

  • Obituary: Daris R. Swindler (1925–2007)

    Open Access•Joseph R Siebert, Robert L Anemone•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•2008•Cited by: 1

    Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article

  • Google Earth, GIS, and the Great Divide: A new and simple method for sharing paleontological data

    Open Access•Glenn C Conroy, G Conroy et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Human Evolution•2008•Cited by: 7

  • Patterns of Growth and Development in the Genus Homo

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone•REVIEW•Journal of Human Evolution•2004

  • New skeletal remains of Omomys(Primates, Omomyidae): Functional morphology of the hindlimb and locomotor behavior of a Middle Eocene primate

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Herbert H Covert•ARTICLE•Journal of Human Evolution•2000•Cited by: 20•References: 39

  • Primate Locomotion: Recent Advances

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone•ARTICLE•American Anthropologist•2000•Cited by: 1

    Primate Locomotion: Recent Advances. Elizabeth Strasser. John Fleagle. Alfred Rosenberger. and Henry McHenry. eds. New York: Plenum Press, 1998. 482 pp

  • Heterochrony and sexual dimorphism in the skull of the Liberian chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus)

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, D R Swindler•ARTICLE•International Journal of…•1999•Cited by: 4•References: 2

    Allometric methods and theory derived from principles of relative growth provide new and powerful approaches to an understanding of the nature and development of sexual dimorphism among living primates. The Frankfurt collection of Liberian chimpanzee skulls and mandibles provides a large skeletal sample from a single natural population of wild shot animals, including individuals of all ages and both sexes, and allows investigation of allometric a…

  • Introduction to the primates

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•1999

    Introduction to the Primates. By Daris R. Swindler. 1998. Seattle, Washington: University of Washington Press. 284 pp. ISBN 0-295-97704-3. $22.00 (paper).

  • Dental variability of the Liberian chimpanzee,Pan troglodytes verus

    Open Access•D R Swindler, Lynda Emel et al.•ARTICLE•Human Evolution•1998•Cited by: 8•References: 3

  • Elizabeth Smithgall Watts (1941-1994)

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•1996

  • Longitudinal study of dental development in chimpanzees of known chronological age: Implications for understanding the age at death of Plio-Pleistocene hominids

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Mark P Mooney et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•1996•References: 48

    Reconstruction of life history variables of fossil hominids on the basis of dental development requires understanding of and comparison with the pattern and timing of dental development among both living humans and pongids. Whether dental development among living apes or humans provides a better model for comparison with that of Plio-Pleistocene hominids of the genus Australopithecus remains a contentious point. This paper presents new data on ch…

  • Recent developments in hominoid ontogeny: An overview and summation

    Open Access•Laura Al‐Dakhiel Winkler, Robert L Anemone•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•1996•References: 21

  • Dental development in apes and humans: A comment on Simpson, Lovejoy and Meindl (1990)

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Elizabeth S Watts•ARTICLE•Journal of Human Evolution•1992•Cited by: 8•References: 10

  • Dental development of known‐age chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes (primates, pongidae)

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Elizabeth S Watts et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•1991•Cited by: 46•References: 30

    Interpretation of dental development of fossil hominids requires understanding of and comparison with the pattern and timing of dental development among living humans and pongids. We report the first study of crown and root calcification in the lower permanent molar teeth among chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) of known chronological age. A series of 99 lateral head radiographs of 16 captive‐born chimpanzees were analyzed. Radiographs were taken at…

  • The VCL hypothesis revisited: Patterns of femoral morphology among quadrupedal and saltatorial prosimian primates

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•1990•Cited by: 26•References: 56

    The descriptive and functional morphology of the postcranium of the vertical clinging and leaping prosimians is of great interest in both adaptational and phylogenetic studies of extant and extinct primates. An analysis of patterns of femoral morphology among quadrupedal and saltatory living prosimians indicates the presence of at least two, and possibly three, distinct femoral adaptations to the demands of an arboreal, saltatory existence. Osteo…

  • Dental development of known‐age chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes (primates, pongidae)

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Elizabeth S Watts et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•1991•Cited by: 46•References: 30

    Interpretation of dental development of fossil hominids requires understanding of and comparison with the pattern and timing of dental development among living humans and pongids. We report the first study of crown and root calcification in the lower permanent molar teeth among chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) of known chronological age. A series of 99 lateral head radiographs of 16 captive‐born chimpanzees were analyzed. Radiographs were taken at…

  • The VCL hypothesis revisited: Patterns of femoral morphology among quadrupedal and saltatorial prosimian primates

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•1990•Cited by: 26•References: 56

    The descriptive and functional morphology of the postcranium of the vertical clinging and leaping prosimians is of great interest in both adaptational and phylogenetic studies of extant and extinct primates. An analysis of patterns of femoral morphology among quadrupedal and saltatory living prosimians indicates the presence of at least two, and possibly three, distinct femoral adaptations to the demands of an arboreal, saltatory existence. Osteo…

  • New skeletal remains of Omomys(Primates, Omomyidae): Functional morphology of the hindlimb and locomotor behavior of a Middle Eocene primate

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Herbert H Covert•ARTICLE•Journal of Human Evolution•2000•Cited by: 20•References: 39

  • Dental variability of the Liberian chimpanzee,Pan troglodytes verus

    Open Access•D R Swindler, Lynda Emel et al.•ARTICLE•Human Evolution•1998•Cited by: 8•References: 3

  • Dental development in apes and humans: A comment on Simpson, Lovejoy and Meindl (1990)

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Elizabeth S Watts•ARTICLE•Journal of Human Evolution•1992•Cited by: 8•References: 10

  • Google Earth, GIS, and the Great Divide: A new and simple method for sharing paleontological data

    Open Access•Glenn C Conroy, G Conroy et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Human Evolution•2008•Cited by: 7

  • GIS and paleoanthropology: Incorporating new approaches from the geospatial sciences in the analysis of primate and human evolution

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Glenn C Conroy et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•2011•Cited by: 4•References: 124

    The incorporation of research tools and analytical approaches from the geospatial sciences is a welcome trend for the study of primate and human evolution. The use of remote sensing (RS) imagery and geographic information systems (GIS) allows vertebrate paleontologists, paleoanthropologists, and functional morphologists to study fossil localities, landscapes, and individual specimens in new and innovative ways that recognize and analyze the spati…

  • Heterochrony and sexual dimorphism in the skull of the Liberian chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus)

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, D R Swindler•ARTICLE•International Journal of…•1999•Cited by: 4•References: 2

    Allometric methods and theory derived from principles of relative growth provide new and powerful approaches to an understanding of the nature and development of sexual dimorphism among living primates. The Frankfurt collection of Liberian chimpanzee skulls and mandibles provides a large skeletal sample from a single natural population of wild shot animals, including individuals of all ages and both sexes, and allows investigation of allometric a…

  • Let your fingers do the walking: A simple spectral signature model for "remote" fossil prospecting

    Open Access•Glenn C Conroy, Charles W Emerson et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Human Evolution•2012•Cited by: 2•References: 19

  • Obituary: Daris R. Swindler (1925–2007)

    Open Access•Joseph R Siebert, Robert L Anemone•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•2008•Cited by: 1

    Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article

  • Primate Locomotion: Recent Advances

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone•ARTICLE•American Anthropologist•2000•Cited by: 1

    Primate Locomotion: Recent Advances. Elizabeth Strasser. John Fleagle. Alfred Rosenberger. and Henry McHenry. eds. New York: Plenum Press, 1998. 482 pp

  • The VCL hypothesis revisited: Patterns of femoral morphology among quadrupedal and saltatorial prosimian primates

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•1990•Cited by: 26•References: 56

    The descriptive and functional morphology of the postcranium of the vertical clinging and leaping prosimians is of great interest in both adaptational and phylogenetic studies of extant and extinct primates. An analysis of patterns of femoral morphology among quadrupedal and saltatory living prosimians indicates the presence of at least two, and possibly three, distinct femoral adaptations to the demands of an arboreal, saltatory existence. Osteo…

  • Dental development of known‐age chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes (primates, pongidae)

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Elizabeth S Watts et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•1991•Cited by: 46•References: 30

    Interpretation of dental development of fossil hominids requires understanding of and comparison with the pattern and timing of dental development among living humans and pongids. We report the first study of crown and root calcification in the lower permanent molar teeth among chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) of known chronological age. A series of 99 lateral head radiographs of 16 captive‐born chimpanzees were analyzed. Radiographs were taken at…

  • Dental development in apes and humans: A comment on Simpson, Lovejoy and Meindl (1990)

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Elizabeth S Watts•ARTICLE•Journal of Human Evolution•1992•Cited by: 8•References: 10

  • Elizabeth Smithgall Watts (1941-1994)

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•1996

  • Longitudinal study of dental development in chimpanzees of known chronological age: Implications for understanding the age at death of Plio-Pleistocene hominids

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Mark P Mooney et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•1996•References: 48

    Reconstruction of life history variables of fossil hominids on the basis of dental development requires understanding of and comparison with the pattern and timing of dental development among both living humans and pongids. Whether dental development among living apes or humans provides a better model for comparison with that of Plio-Pleistocene hominids of the genus Australopithecus remains a contentious point. This paper presents new data on ch…

  • Recent developments in hominoid ontogeny: An overview and summation

    Open Access•Laura Al‐Dakhiel Winkler, Robert L Anemone•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•1996•References: 21

  • Dental variability of the Liberian chimpanzee,Pan troglodytes verus

    Open Access•D R Swindler, Lynda Emel et al.•ARTICLE•Human Evolution•1998•Cited by: 8•References: 3

  • Heterochrony and sexual dimorphism in the skull of the Liberian chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus)

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, D R Swindler•ARTICLE•International Journal of…•1999•Cited by: 4•References: 2

    Allometric methods and theory derived from principles of relative growth provide new and powerful approaches to an understanding of the nature and development of sexual dimorphism among living primates. The Frankfurt collection of Liberian chimpanzee skulls and mandibles provides a large skeletal sample from a single natural population of wild shot animals, including individuals of all ages and both sexes, and allows investigation of allometric a…

  • Introduction to the primates

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•1999

    Introduction to the Primates. By Daris R. Swindler. 1998. Seattle, Washington: University of Washington Press. 284 pp. ISBN 0-295-97704-3. $22.00 (paper).

  • New skeletal remains of Omomys(Primates, Omomyidae): Functional morphology of the hindlimb and locomotor behavior of a Middle Eocene primate

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Herbert H Covert•ARTICLE•Journal of Human Evolution•2000•Cited by: 20•References: 39

  • Primate Locomotion: Recent Advances

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone•ARTICLE•American Anthropologist•2000•Cited by: 1

    Primate Locomotion: Recent Advances. Elizabeth Strasser. John Fleagle. Alfred Rosenberger. and Henry McHenry. eds. New York: Plenum Press, 1998. 482 pp

  • Patterns of Growth and Development in the Genus Homo

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone•REVIEW•Journal of Human Evolution•2004

  • Obituary: Daris R. Swindler (1925–2007)

    Open Access•Joseph R Siebert, Robert L Anemone•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•2008•Cited by: 1

    Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article

  • Google Earth, GIS, and the Great Divide: A new and simple method for sharing paleontological data

    Open Access•Glenn C Conroy, G Conroy et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Human Evolution•2008•Cited by: 7

  • Finding fossils in new ways: An artificial neural network approach to predicting the location of productive fossil localities

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Robert Anemone et al.•ARTICLE•Evolutionary Anthropology Issues…•2011

    Chance and serendipity have long played a role in the location of productive fossil localities by vertebrate paleontologists and paleoanthropologists. We offer an alternative approach, informed by methods borrowed from the geographic information sciences and using recent advances in computer science, to more efficiently predict where fossil localities might be found. Our model uses an artificial neural network (ANN) that is trained to recognize t…

  • GIS and paleoanthropology: Incorporating new approaches from the geospatial sciences in the analysis of primate and human evolution

    Open Access•Robert L Anemone, Glenn C Conroy et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Physical…•2011•Cited by: 4•References: 124

    The incorporation of research tools and analytical approaches from the geospatial sciences is a welcome trend for the study of primate and human evolution. The use of remote sensing (RS) imagery and geographic information systems (GIS) allows vertebrate paleontologists, paleoanthropologists, and functional morphologists to study fossil localities, landscapes, and individual specimens in new and innovative ways that recognize and analyze the spati…

  • Let your fingers do the walking: A simple spectral signature model for "remote" fossil prospecting

    Open Access•Glenn C Conroy, Charles W Emerson et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Human Evolution•2012•Cited by: 2•References: 19

  • Digitization of the Nissen–Riesen chimpanzee radiological growth series

    Open Access•Nathan E Thompson, Lameesah Ahmed et al.•ARTICLE•Evolutionary Anthropology Issues…•2020

    Longitudinal morphological growth data of apes are incredibly difficult to obtain. Long life histories, combined with practical and ethical issues of obtaining such long‐term data have resulted in few longitudinal data sets in chimpanzees of known chronological ages. One classic, long‐term growth study of chimpanzees was that of Drs Nissen and Riesen initiated at the Yale Laboratories of Primate Biology in 1939. Through that study, whole‐body rad…

  • Parting ways: Pan-Homo divergence revisited

    Open Access•João D’oliveira Coelho, Robert L Anemone et al.•ARTICLE•Primates•2026

    The timing of divergence between hominins and the bonobo-chimpanzee clade has been at the core of palaeoanthropological debate for over a century. The earliest molecular studies indicated divergence times ranging from 5 Ma to as recently as 1.3 Ma. This study critically reviews the trends of time estimates published between 1967 and 2023, and analyses how these are supported or rejected by the current molecular and fossil records. We compiled 202…

  • A diverse new omomyid primate fauna from the early Eocene of southern Wyoming with implications for interpreting macroevolutionary patterns among anaptomorphines

    Open Access•Parker D Rhinehart, Robert L Anemone et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Human Evolution•2026

    A richly fossiliferous sandstone outcrop in the Wasatch Formation, Great Divide Basin, southern Wyoming, has yielded exceptionally well-preserved fossils of three omomyid primates. Here we report new occurrences of two rarely documented omomyids, Arapahovius gazini and Anemorhysis savagei, describe a new species of Tetonius, and perform a phylogenetic analysis of Tetonius and its allies; the two previously described omomyids are new additions to …

  • Evaluating Random Forest Model Performance for Cave and Sinkhole Prediction in the Cradle of Humankind, South Africa: Preliminary Analysis and Variable Importance Assessments

    Open Access•Margaret J Furtner, Robert L Anemone et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Archaeological Method…•2026•References: 51

    Surveying an area for new fossil sites is a labor-intensive and resource-draining activity that can be alleviated with the aid of machine learning models. In karst landscapes of southern Africa, Plio-Pleistocene fossils that inform the paleoanthropological record are primarily found preserved in caves and sinkholes. The purpose of this study is to assess the utility of Random Forest (RF) models for cave and sinkhole prediction in the Cradle of Hu…

Biology (13 works) · Primate Behavior and Ecology (10 works) · Computer Science (7 works) · Evolution and Paleontology Studies (7 works) · Geography (7 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (7 works) · Paleontology (6 works) · Anatomy (5 works) · Evolutionary biology (5 works) · Paleontology (5 works)

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