Tony Waldron
Biographic Data
| ID | 84900 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Tony Waldron |
| GIVEN NAMES | Tony |
| FAMILY NAME | Waldron |
| SIGNATURE | WALDRON T |
| AFFILIATIONS | University College London |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5245-8799 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 65 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 288 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 65 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1978 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Malignancy in three medieval Polish osteological collections
A palaeoepidemiological investigation of osteomata, with reference to medieval Poland
The osteoma, among other forms of benign neoplastic disease, has received little palaeopathological or palaeoepidemiological interest largely because of its asymptomatic nature. This is problematic because these tumours are regarded as common occurrences in bioarchaeological contexts, despite there being scant data to support these claims. This investigation presents a palaeoepidemiological enquiry into osteomata. Five hundred ninety individuals …
A Differential Diagnosis of Osteolytic Lesions in the Curated Skeletal Remains of a Tantalus Monkey (Chlorocebus tantalus)
In the veterinary and anthropological literature, the pathology of nonhuman primates is heavily focused on soft-tissue involvement and there is scant reference to nonhuman primates in zoopalaeopathology, the study of ancient and historical diseases in animals. We present the curated skeletal remains of a nonhuman primate present with osteolytic lesions consistent with a pathological process. We evaluated the observed pathological changes via an e…
Summary justice or the King's will? The first case of formal facial mutilation from Anglo-Saxon England
Intentional facial disfigurement is documented in archaeological contexts around the world. Here, the authors present the first archaeological evidence for intentional facial mutilation from Anglo-Saxon England-comprising the removal of the nose, upper lip and possible scalping-inflicted upon a young adult female. The injuries are consistent with documented punishments for female offenders. Although such mutilations do not appear in the written r…
SCJ osteoarthritis: The significance of joint surface location for diagnosis
Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy in an adult macaque
Cribra orbitalia: Dissecting an ill-defined phenomenon
Cribra orbitalia has been the subject of much discussion since first described in the late 19th century. In particular, its relationship to porotic hyperostosis, anaemia, and malaria has been considered on many occasions. We have examined historical, embryological, developmental, anatomical, and pathological data to try to determine the significance of cribra. We conclude that three separate conditions have been included under this rubric: simple…
Extensive periosteal new bone formation in a skeleton from post-Medieval Chichester, England: A probable case of metastatic prostatic carcinoma
On the importance of considering disease subtypes: Earliest detection of a parosteal osteosarcoma? Differential diagnosis of an osteosarcoma in an Anglo–Saxon female
Bones on stones
Purple Staining of Archaeological Human Bone: An Investigation of Probable Cause and Implications for Other Tissues and Artifacts
Excavations in the 1990s at the medieval Chapter House of Worcester Cathedral, UK, revealed medieval human skeletal remains, some of which exhibited a distinctive purple coloration. The nature of the colored bone was investigated using solvents for stain extraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), plane polarized (PPL) and cross-polarized (XPL) ligh…
The dead of Stonehenge
Case report: A giant calcified uterus, likely due to benign leiomyoma
During the 2011 excavation of the site of St. Michael's Litten, in Chichester, England, a female skeleton, dating to the post-Medieval period (1550-1850), with a large, unidentified pelvic mass was uncovered. The mass measured 16.4H×19.0W×24.3L and was 66cm in its greatest circumference; it weighed 3.32kg. The skeleton presented with established osteoporosis and was estimated to be of an advanced age. The analytic methodology used to evaluate the…
Don Walker. Disease in London, 1 st to 19 th centuries: An illustrated guide to diagnosis (Museum of London Archaeology Monograph 56). xix+287 pages, 446 colour and b&w illustrations, 2 tables. 2012. …
Don Walker. Disease in London, 1st to 19th centuries: an illustrated guide to diagnosis (Museum of London Archaeology Monograph 56). xix+287 pages, 446 colour and b&w illustrations, 2 tables. 2012. London: Museum of London; 978-1-907586-10-1 hardback £ 28. - Volume 87 Issue 338
Benjamin Franklin, William Hewson and the Craven Street bones
Renovation of the house in London where Benjamin Franklin lived has led to the discovery of the remains of a late eighteenth-century anatomy school. Investigations by bioarchaeologists from the Institute are revealing William Hewson's remarkable contribution to the development of anatomical science
Is Unresolved Inflammatory Angiogenesis a Mechanism for the Delayed Development of Skeletal Lesions in Syphilis: Possible Unresolved Inflammatory Angiogenesis in Tertiary Syphilis
A recently described case of putative early tertiary syphilis in a young adult male from 6th century Anglo-Saxon England exhibits a distinctive endocranial pathology. A case–control study using both clinical and archaeological materials was performed to investigate a possible association of the pathology with syphilis. Scanning electron microscopy and microcomputed tomography were used to image the syphilitic case and normal cranial material. Alt…
TMJ osteoarthritis: A new approach to diagnosis
Disorders of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), including TMJ osteoarthritis (TMJ OA), are the topic of intensive clinical research; however, this is not the case in the archaeological literature, with the majority of work on the subject ceasing with the early 1990s. The methods employed in the diagnosis of TMJ OA within the archaeological work appear nonrepresentative of the disease and may have led to erroneous assumptions about the pattern and…
Apple Down 152: A putative case of syphilis from sixth century AD Anglo‐Saxon England
This report describes a putative case of a treponemal infection observed on a skeleton of a young male adult from the Apple Down Anglo‐Saxon cemetery dating to the sixth century AD, accompanied by grave goods indicative of a high status burial. The skeleton is well preserved and almost complete. The pathological evidence includes an extensive area of lytic destruction to the frontal bone of the skull, widespread profuse bilateral symmetrical peri…
Palaeopathology
Palaeopathology is designed to help bone specialists with diagnosis of diseases in skeletal assemblages. It suggests an innovative method of arriving at a diagnosis in the skeleton by applying what are referred to as 'operational definitions'. The aim is to ensure that all those who study bones will use the same criteria for diagnosing disease, which will enable valid comparisons to be made between studies. This book is based on modern clinical k…
Congenital absence of the patella in an Anglo‐Saxon skeleton
A skeleton of a young Anglo‐Saxon woman aged about 25 years at the time of death is described. The distal femoral articulation was in two distinct parts separated by a deep groove in which the tendon of quadriceps femoris would have lain. The medial condyle of the femur was smaller than normal and there was no patellar surface on the anterior part of the articulation. The woman was of normal stature (1.53 ± 0.04 m) and no other abnormalities were…
An examination of skulls from two British sites for possible evidence of scurvy
Skulls and mandibles from the Romano-British site of Poundbury, Dorset and a medieval site at Abingdon in Oxfordshire were examined for porosity which has been considered to be indicative of the presence of scurvy. In addition, a number of skulls from various locations in Peru were examined. Virtually all the skulls had porosity at at least one site and in all cases the palate was most frequently affected. The rank order of affected sites showed …
Obituary: Juliet Rogers 8 September 1940–28 November 2001
Tortuosity or aneurysm? The palaeopathology of some abnormalities of the vertebral artery
The anatomy of the vertebral artery (VA) and two pathological conditions which affect it-tortuosity and aneurysm-are described. The changes which these lesions produce in the cervical vertebrae are also described and we present two cases in which these changes have been found. One case is of a female aged at least 45 years at the time of death from a 15th century medieval cemetery site in Britain with what we consider to be tortuosity of the VA. …
Dish and the monastic way of life
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is common condition and its prevalence increases markedly with age. This paper describes the pathology and aetiology of the condition; DISH seems to be related to obesity and type II diabetes and is probably a multisystem hormonal disorder. DISH occurs frequently in human skeletal remains, particularly in those recovered from monastic sites.Evidence is presented to confirm this association and the c…
A Late Bronze Age Landscape at South Hornchurch, Essex
A 2.5 ha open area excavation at South Hornchurch, Essex (London Borough of Havering) has revealed an extensive Late Bronze Age settlement on the Thames terrace gravels. The site is particularly significant because of the association of a circular ditched enclosure or ringwork with a contemporary field system, as well as clusters of enclosed and unenclosed circular structures. Two enclosures were formed by rings of pits or large post-holes. Place…
Arthropathies in palaeopathology: The basis of classification according to most probable cause
Dish and the monastic way of life
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is common condition and its prevalence increases markedly with age. This paper describes the pathology and aetiology of the condition; DISH seems to be related to obesity and type II diabetes and is probably a multisystem hormonal disorder. DISH occurs frequently in human skeletal remains, particularly in those recovered from monastic sites.Evidence is presented to confirm this association and the c…
Cribra orbitalia: Dissecting an ill-defined phenomenon
Cribra orbitalia has been the subject of much discussion since first described in the late 19th century. In particular, its relationship to porotic hyperostosis, anaemia, and malaria has been considered on many occasions. We have examined historical, embryological, developmental, anatomical, and pathological data to try to determine the significance of cribra. We conclude that three separate conditions have been included under this rubric: simple…
Infections in palaeopathology: The basis of classification according to most probable cause
The dead of Stonehenge
Evidence for Activity Related Markers in the Vertebrae of the Crew of the
TMJ osteoarthritis: A new approach to diagnosis
Disorders of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), including TMJ osteoarthritis (TMJ OA), are the topic of intensive clinical research; however, this is not the case in the archaeological literature, with the majority of work on the subject ceasing with the early 1990s. The methods employed in the diagnosis of TMJ OA within the archaeological work appear nonrepresentative of the disease and may have led to erroneous assumptions about the pattern and…
A Late Bronze Age Landscape at South Hornchurch, Essex
A 2.5 ha open area excavation at South Hornchurch, Essex (London Borough of Havering) has revealed an extensive Late Bronze Age settlement on the Thames terrace gravels. The site is particularly significant because of the association of a circular ditched enclosure or ringwork with a contemporary field system, as well as clusters of enclosed and unenclosed circular structures. Two enclosures were formed by rings of pits or large post-holes. Place…
Inter‐observer variation in coding osteoarthritis in human skeletal remains
Thirty‐eight participants at the VIIIth European Meeting of the Paleopathology Association took part in a study of inter‐observer variation in scoring osteoarthritis in human skeletal remains. Ten specimens representing different joints were used and five criteria of osteoarthritis were scored. Eleven of the 38 participants ranked themselves as beginners, 13 as experienced and six as very experienced; the data were subsequently examined using the…
Apple Down 152: A putative case of syphilis from sixth century AD Anglo‐Saxon England
This report describes a putative case of a treponemal infection observed on a skeleton of a young male adult from the Apple Down Anglo‐Saxon cemetery dating to the sixth century AD, accompanied by grave goods indicative of a high status burial. The skeleton is well preserved and almost complete. The pathological evidence includes an extensive area of lytic destruction to the frontal bone of the skull, widespread profuse bilateral symmetrical peri…
Changes in the distribution of osteoarthritis over historical time
A total of 2635 skeletons recovered from different sites in England was examined for the presence of osteoarthritis (OA); 206 were from pre-medieval sites, 1453 from medieval sites and 976 from post-medieval sites. Where OA was considered to be present in a joint, the site was noted and for each time period the total number of anatomical sites with the condition was determined and the number of major sites with OA (10 in number) was expressed as …
Osteoarthritis in a Black Death cemetery in London
Age-specific prevalence rates were determined in a group of skeletons recovered from a Black Death plague pit in London. The disease showed the expected increase in prevalence with age but these rates were lower than those in the contemporary population and the disease was more frequent in men than in women. In the majority of cases the disease affected one joint only and there were no cases of generalized osteoarthritis. The sites most commonly …
The prevalence of, and the relationship between some spinal diseases in a human skeletal population from London
The prevalence of osteoarthritis, osteophytosis, intervertebral disc disease and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) was determined in a group of skeletons excavated from the crypt of Christ Church, Spitalfields. Age-specific prevalence rates were calculated from the group of skeletons for which age at death was known from intact coffin plates. Osteoarthritis of the facet joints occurred most frequently in the cervical and upper thora…
The earliest cases of tuberculosis in Britain
An examination of skulls from two British sites for possible evidence of scurvy
Skulls and mandibles from the Romano-British site of Poundbury, Dorset and a medieval site at Abingdon in Oxfordshire were examined for porosity which has been considered to be indicative of the presence of scurvy. In addition, a number of skulls from various locations in Peru were examined. Virtually all the skulls had porosity at at least one site and in all cases the palate was most frequently affected. The rank order of affected sites showed …
A case-referent study of spondylolysis and spina bifida and transitional vertebrae in human skeletal remains
An epidemiologic study of sacroiliac fusion in some human skeletal remains
A case‐control study was undertaken to generate some hypotheses concerning the etiology of sacroiliac fusion in a group of skeletons dating from the 18th and 19th centuries. Forty‐one skeletons with fusion of the sacroiliac joint were compared with eighty‐two adult skeletons without the condition. The sacroiliac joints were most frequently fused with bridging osteophytes and no preference for site or side of fusion could be detected. Except where…
Unilateral spondylolysis
Of 54 vertebrae with spondylolysis, five were found with a unilateral lesion. The unilateral lesion was sometimes associated with hypoplasia of the ipsilateral lamina or by differences in the size and position of the facet joints and by posterior wedging on the affected side. Radiologically there may be sclerosis in the pedicle on the normal side. In one case a healed fracture was noted on the apparently normal side indicating that the lesion ori…
Immunological diagnosis of multiple myeloma in a medieval bone
An inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies has been used to confirm the diagnosis of IgA type multiple myeloma in a small fragment (< 10 g) of cranium from a medieval female. Further testing by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting showed that the IgA was mainly polymeric, suggesting that the individual would have suffered from a hyperviscosity syndrome. This is the first ti…
Variations in the rates of spondylolysis in early populations
Bone growth in juveniles: A methodological note
Erosive osteoarthritis in a medieval skeleton
In human skeletons from archaeological sites, osteoarthritis is by far the most common disease found, but no case of erosive osteoarthritis has been described and we present here what we believe to be the first such case
Rates for the job. Measures of disease frequency in palaeopathology
Measures of disease frequency are discussed and their use in palaeopathology illustrated with examples, both hypothetical and real. It is shown that prevalence rates are the appropriate rates to use when calculating the frequency of diseases in skeletal populations. The extent to which prevalence rates accurately reflect those in the living population from which the skeletons were derived is also considered and it is suggested that they are a rea…
Lead concentrations in bones from a Neolithic long barrow
Early Anglian Catterick and Catraeth
The evidence from scattered excavations undertaken over several decades in Catterick is brought together and assessed. The evidence of both settlement and burial indicates activity in the early Anglian period. Indications of status and ethnicity are discussed, and set within their historical context
Did Hippocrates Describe Lead Poisoning?
Lead concentrations in bones from a Neolithic long barrow
Arthropathies in palaeopathology: The basis of classification according to most probable cause
Consequences of osteoarthritis in early neolithic skeletons from Denmark
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Infections in palaeopathology: The basis of classification according to most probable cause
The earliest cases of tuberculosis in Britain
Preconception and perception: The lessons of a 19th century suicide
An epidemiologic study of sacroiliac fusion in some human skeletal remains
A case‐control study was undertaken to generate some hypotheses concerning the etiology of sacroiliac fusion in a group of skeletons dating from the 18th and 19th centuries. Forty‐one skeletons with fusion of the sacroiliac joint were compared with eighty‐two adult skeletons without the condition. The sacroiliac joints were most frequently fused with bridging osteophytes and no preference for site or side of fusion could be detected. Except where…
DNA in bones
David Anthony Birkett 1934–1990
Variations in the rates of spondylolysis in early populations
Inter‐observer variation in coding osteoarthritis in human skeletal remains
Thirty‐eight participants at the VIIIth European Meeting of the Paleopathology Association took part in a study of inter‐observer variation in scoring osteoarthritis in human skeletal remains. Ten specimens representing different joints were used and five criteria of osteoarthritis were scored. Eleven of the 38 participants ranked themselves as beginners, 13 as experienced and six as very experienced; the data were subsequently examined using the…
Erosive osteoarthritis in a medieval skeleton
In human skeletons from archaeological sites, osteoarthritis is by far the most common disease found, but no case of erosive osteoarthritis has been described and we present here what we believe to be the first such case
Rates for the job. Measures of disease frequency in palaeopathology
Measures of disease frequency are discussed and their use in palaeopathology illustrated with examples, both hypothetical and real. It is shown that prevalence rates are the appropriate rates to use when calculating the frequency of diseases in skeletal populations. The extent to which prevalence rates accurately reflect those in the living population from which the skeletons were derived is also considered and it is suggested that they are a rea…
The prevalence of, and the relationship between some spinal diseases in a human skeletal population from London
The prevalence of osteoarthritis, osteophytosis, intervertebral disc disease and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) was determined in a group of skeletons excavated from the crypt of Christ Church, Spitalfields. Age-specific prevalence rates were calculated from the group of skeletons for which age at death was known from intact coffin plates. Osteoarthritis of the facet joints occurred most frequently in the cervical and upper thora…
Unilateral spondylolysis
Of 54 vertebrae with spondylolysis, five were found with a unilateral lesion. The unilateral lesion was sometimes associated with hypoplasia of the ipsilateral lamina or by differences in the size and position of the facet joints and by posterior wedging on the affected side. Radiologically there may be sclerosis in the pedicle on the normal side. In one case a healed fracture was noted on the apparently normal side indicating that the lesion ori…
Osteoarthritis in a Black Death cemetery in London
Age-specific prevalence rates were determined in a group of skeletons recovered from a Black Death plague pit in London. The disease showed the expected increase in prevalence with age but these rates were lower than those in the contemporary population and the disease was more frequent in men than in women. In the majority of cases the disease affected one joint only and there were no cases of generalized osteoarthritis. The sites most commonly …
Unusual wear on a cattle mandible from St Alban's Abbey
The distribution of osteoarthritis of the hands in a skeletal population
The distribution of osteoarthritis of the hands was studied in 101 skeletons from archaeological sites in England. The results are similar to those found in epidemiological studies of modern populations. Osteoarthritis of the hands was more common in females than in males, and in females tended to involve a greater number of joints. The distal and proximal interphalangeal joints were commonly affected, the former more frequently than the latter, …
A case-referent study of spondylolysis and spina bifida and transitional vertebrae in human skeletal remains
Bone growth in juveniles: A methodological note
The scope of the journal
Rheumatoid arthritis in an english post-medieval skeleton
Immunological diagnosis of multiple myeloma in a medieval bone
An inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies has been used to confirm the diagnosis of IgA type multiple myeloma in a small fragment (< 10 g) of cranium from a medieval female. Further testing by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting showed that the IgA was mainly polymeric, suggesting that the individual would have suffered from a hyperviscosity syndrome. This is the first ti…
Changes in the distribution of osteoarthritis over historical time
A total of 2635 skeletons recovered from different sites in England was examined for the presence of osteoarthritis (OA); 206 were from pre-medieval sites, 1453 from medieval sites and 976 from post-medieval sites. Where OA was considered to be present in a joint, the site was noted and for each time period the total number of anatomical sites with the condition was determined and the number of major sites with OA (10 in number) was expressed as …
Medicine (48 works) · Pathology (30 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (26 works) · Anatomy (22 works) · Paleopathology (21 works) · Archaeology (20 works) · History (18 works) · Computer Science (16 works) · History (14 works) · Library science (13 works)