Loma Grindlay Moore
Biographic Data
| ID | 86007 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Loma Grindlay Moore |
| GIVEN NAMES | Loma Grindlay |
| FAMILY NAME | Moore |
| SIGNATURE | MOORE L G |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Colorado Denver |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5637-0025 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 25 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 93 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 25 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1979 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2019 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
High Altitude Continues to Reduce Birth Weights in Colorado
Surname‐Inferred andean ancestry is associated with child stature and limb lengths at high altitude in P eru, but not at sea level
OBJECTIVES: Native Andean ancestry gives partial protection from reduced birthweight at high altitude in the Andes compared with European ancestry. Whether Andean ancestry is also associated with body proportions and greater postnatal body size at altitude is unknown. Therefore, we tested whether a greater proportion of Andean ancestry is associated with stature and body proportions among Peruvian children at high and low altitude. METHODS: Heigh…
Andean and Tibetan patterns of adaptation to high altitude
OBJECTIVES: High-altitude hypoxia, or decreased oxygen levels caused by low barometric pressure, challenges the ability of humans to live and reproduce. Despite these challenges, human populations have lived on the Andean Altiplano and the Tibetan Plateau for millennia and exhibit unique circulatory, respiratory, and hematological adaptations to life at high altitude. We and others have identified natural selection candidate genes and gene region…
Little Effect of Gestation at 3,100 m on Fetal Fat Accretion or the Fetal Circulation
OBJECTIVE: While chronic hypoxia has been recognized as the principal causative factor for decreasing birth weight at high altitude, unknown is whether fetal fat accretion and vascular function are affected. METHODS: Colorado women with normal singleton pregnancies (18 Denver residents, 1,600 m; 24 Leadville residents, 3,100 m) were studied longitudinally from 20 to 36 weeks gestation. Fetal biometry was used to obtain axial images for assessing …
Lowland origin women raised at high altitude are not protected against lower uteroplacental O 2 delivery during pregnancy or reduced birth weight
OBJECTIVE: Maternal physiologic responses to pregnancy promoting fetal oxygen and nutrient delivery are important determinants of reproductive success. Incomplete physiologic compensation for reduced oxygen availability at high altitude (≥2,500 m) compromises fetal growth. Populations of highland (e.g., Andeans, Tibetans) compared with lowland origin groups (e.g., Europeans, Han Chinese) are protected from this altitude-associated decrease in bir…
Evolutionary adaptation to high altitude
A primary focus within biological anthropology has been to elucidate the processes of evolutionary adaptation. Frisancho helped to move anthropology towards more mechanistic explanations of human adaptation by drawing attention to the importance of the functional relevance of human variation. Using the natural laboratory of high altitude, he and others asked whether the unique physiology of indigenous high‐altitude residents was the result of acc…
Evidence that parent‐of‐origin affects birth‐weight reductions at high altitude
Hypoxia exerts a profound depressant effect on fetal growth, lowering birth weight, and raising mortality risk. Multigenerational high‐altitude populations are relatively protected from this birth‐weight decline, leading us to hypothesize that genetic factors were involved. We asked if the amount of high‐ versus low‐altitude ancestry influenced birth weight at high altitude and, specifically, whether such influences were affected by parent‐of‐ori…
An ecology of high-altitude infancy
Human physiological adaptation to pregnancy
Reproductive success requires successful maternal physiological adaptation to pregnancy. An interspecific perspective reveals that the human species has modified features of our haplorhine heritage affecting the uteroplacental circulation. We speculate that such modifications — including early implantation and deep, widespread invasion of fetal (trophoblast cells) into and resultant remodeling of maternal uterine vessels — are responses to or com…
Introduction
Tibetan protection from intrauterine growth restriction (Iugr) and reproductive loss at high altitude
Chronic hypoxia at high altitude restricts fetal growth, reducing birth weight and increasing infant mortality. We asked whether Tibetans, a long‐resident high‐altitude population, exhibit less altitude‐associated intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and prenatal or postnatal reproductive loss than Han (ethnic Chinese), a group that has lived there for a shorter period of time. A population sample was obtained, comprising 485 deliveries to Tibe…
Tibetan protection from intrauterine growth restriction (Iugr) and reproductive loss at high altitude
Oxygen transport in Tibetan women during pregnancy at 3,658 m
High-altitude reduces infant birth weight as a result of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and is associated with increased neonatal mortality. We hypothesized that babies born to Tibetan compared to Han (Chinese) high-altitude residents were protected from IUGR as the result of increased maternal O(2) transport due, in turn, to increased uterine artery (UA) blood flow. We studied 68 nonpregnant or pregnant Tibetan or Han residents of Lhasa,…
Superior exercise performance in lifelong Tibetan residents of 4,400 m compared with Tibetan residents of 3,658 m
Few environments challenge human populations more than high altitude, since the accompanying low oxygen pressures (hypoxia) are pervasive and impervious to cultural modification. Work capacity is an important factor in a population's ability to thrive in such an environment. The performance of work or exercise is a measure of the integrated functioning of the O2 transport system, with maximal O2 uptake (.VO2max) a convenient index of that functio…
Human adaptation to high altitude
Studies of the ways in which persons respond to the adaptive challenges of life at high altitude have occupied an important place in anthropology. There are three major regions of the world where high-altitude studies have recently been performed: the Himalayas of Asia, the Andes of South America, and the Rocky Mountains of North America. Of these, the Himalayan region is larger, more geographically remote, and likely to have been occupied by hum…
The effect of high altitude and other risk factors on birthweight
OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether the decline in birth-weight with increasing altitude is due to an independent effect of altitude or an exacerbation of other risk factors. METHODS: Maternal, paternal, and infant characteristics were obtained from 3836 Colorado birth certificates from 1989 through 1991. Average altitude of residence for each county was determined. RESULTS: None of the characteristics related to birthweight (gestational age,…
High altitude and hypertension during pregnancy
Hypertensive complications of pregnancy are more common at high than low altitudes. Hypertension in pregnancy is associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality; thus natural selection may be operating against women who develop the disorder and their infants. It has long been hypothesized that chronic hypoxia due to residence at high altitude predisposes women to develop hypertension during pregnancy. Prior studies indicate t…
Mitochondrial DNA analysis in Tibet
Mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) of 54 Tibetans residing at altitudes ranging from 3,000–4,500 m were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), examined by high‐resolution restriction endonuclease analysis, and compared with those previously described in 10 other Asian and Siberian populations. This comparison revealed that more than 50% of Asian mtDNAs belong to a unique mtDNA lineage which is found only among Mongoloids, suggesting that this lin…
Protection from intrauterine growth retardation in Tibetans at high altitude
Intrauterine growth retardation has long been recognized at high altitude. Since growth‐retarded babies have a decreased chance of survival, intrauterine growth retardation would be expected to have been selected against in populations long resident at high altitude. We have previously reported that Tibetan babies born at 3,658 m weighed more than their North or South American altitude counterparts. This study sought to determine whether Tibetans…
Increased vital and total lung capacities in Tibetan compared to Han residents of Lhasa (3,658 m)
Larger chest dimensions and lung volumes have been reported for Andean high‐altitude natives compared with sea‐level residents and implicated in raising lung diffusing capacity. Studies conducted in Nepal suggested that lifelong Himalayan residents did not have enlarged chest dimensions. To determine if high‐altitude Himalayans (Tibetans) had larger lung volumes than acclimatized newcomers (Han “Chinese”), we studied 38 Tibetan and 43 Han residen…
Maternal O 2 transport and fetal growth in Colorado, Peru, and Tibet high‐altitude residents
Human populations have lived at high altitudes for lengths of time which are likely to be shortest in Colorado, intermediate in Peru, and longest in Tibet. We hypothesized that the longest‐resident high‐altitude populations have beccome better adapted than shorter‐resident groups as a result of superior abilities to transport and/or utilize O 2 . Because birth weights are reduced at high altitude and decreased birth weight is associated with incr…
Adaptation to High Altitude
Infrastructures are material forms that allow for the possibility of exchange over space. They are the physical networks through which goods, ideas, waste, power, people, and finance are trafficked. In this article I trace the range of anthropological ...Read More
Incest Avoidance as a Function of Environment and Heredity [and Comments and Reply]
Although it has repeatedly been demonstrated that behavior is best understood as a function of the interrelatedness of nature and nurture, many social scientists persist in posing these determinants adversatively and then contend that genes and biology are, at best, minor determinants of behavior. Analysis in incest avoidance illustrates the inadequacy of efforts to reduce to irrelevance genetic determinants. Man and many other species exhibit st…
Biochemical mechanisms of red blood cell 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate increase at high altitude
Red blood cell 2,3 diphosphoglycerate (2,3‐DPG) levels increase after ascent to high altitude. Studies were undertaken to identify the biochemical mechanisms responsible for eliciting the 2,3‐DPG response in several types of subjects. These included (1) short‐term exposure to 3400 m in ten subjects; (2) exposure to 4300 m in an additional ten subjects; (3) studies in 28 high‐altitude normal residents of 3100 m; and (4) studies in 28 high‐altitude…
Physical Anthropology
Protection from intrauterine growth retardation in Tibetans at high altitude
Intrauterine growth retardation has long been recognized at high altitude. Since growth‐retarded babies have a decreased chance of survival, intrauterine growth retardation would be expected to have been selected against in populations long resident at high altitude. We have previously reported that Tibetan babies born at 3,658 m weighed more than their North or South American altitude counterparts. This study sought to determine whether Tibetans…
Increased vital and total lung capacities in Tibetan compared to Han residents of Lhasa (3,658 m)
Larger chest dimensions and lung volumes have been reported for Andean high‐altitude natives compared with sea‐level residents and implicated in raising lung diffusing capacity. Studies conducted in Nepal suggested that lifelong Himalayan residents did not have enlarged chest dimensions. To determine if high‐altitude Himalayans (Tibetans) had larger lung volumes than acclimatized newcomers (Han “Chinese”), we studied 38 Tibetan and 43 Han residen…
The effect of high altitude and other risk factors on birthweight
OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether the decline in birth-weight with increasing altitude is due to an independent effect of altitude or an exacerbation of other risk factors. METHODS: Maternal, paternal, and infant characteristics were obtained from 3836 Colorado birth certificates from 1989 through 1991. Average altitude of residence for each county was determined. RESULTS: None of the characteristics related to birthweight (gestational age,…
Mitochondrial DNA analysis in Tibet
Mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) of 54 Tibetans residing at altitudes ranging from 3,000–4,500 m were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), examined by high‐resolution restriction endonuclease analysis, and compared with those previously described in 10 other Asian and Siberian populations. This comparison revealed that more than 50% of Asian mtDNAs belong to a unique mtDNA lineage which is found only among Mongoloids, suggesting that this lin…
Adaptation to High Altitude
Infrastructures are material forms that allow for the possibility of exchange over space. They are the physical networks through which goods, ideas, waste, power, people, and finance are trafficked. In this article I trace the range of anthropological ...Read More
Incest Avoidance as a Function of Environment and Heredity [and Comments and Reply]
Although it has repeatedly been demonstrated that behavior is best understood as a function of the interrelatedness of nature and nurture, many social scientists persist in posing these determinants adversatively and then contend that genes and biology are, at best, minor determinants of behavior. Analysis in incest avoidance illustrates the inadequacy of efforts to reduce to irrelevance genetic determinants. Man and many other species exhibit st…
Biochemical mechanisms of red blood cell 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate increase at high altitude
Red blood cell 2,3 diphosphoglycerate (2,3‐DPG) levels increase after ascent to high altitude. Studies were undertaken to identify the biochemical mechanisms responsible for eliciting the 2,3‐DPG response in several types of subjects. These included (1) short‐term exposure to 3400 m in ten subjects; (2) exposure to 4300 m in an additional ten subjects; (3) studies in 28 high‐altitude normal residents of 3100 m; and (4) studies in 28 high‐altitude…
Physical Anthropology
Biochemical mechanisms of red blood cell 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate increase at high altitude
Red blood cell 2,3 diphosphoglycerate (2,3‐DPG) levels increase after ascent to high altitude. Studies were undertaken to identify the biochemical mechanisms responsible for eliciting the 2,3‐DPG response in several types of subjects. These included (1) short‐term exposure to 3400 m in ten subjects; (2) exposure to 4300 m in an additional ten subjects; (3) studies in 28 high‐altitude normal residents of 3100 m; and (4) studies in 28 high‐altitude…
Incest Avoidance as a Function of Environment and Heredity [and Comments and Reply]
Although it has repeatedly been demonstrated that behavior is best understood as a function of the interrelatedness of nature and nurture, many social scientists persist in posing these determinants adversatively and then contend that genes and biology are, at best, minor determinants of behavior. Analysis in incest avoidance illustrates the inadequacy of efforts to reduce to irrelevance genetic determinants. Man and many other species exhibit st…
Adaptation to High Altitude
Infrastructures are material forms that allow for the possibility of exchange over space. They are the physical networks through which goods, ideas, waste, power, people, and finance are trafficked. In this article I trace the range of anthropological ...Read More
Maternal O 2 transport and fetal growth in Colorado, Peru, and Tibet high‐altitude residents
Human populations have lived at high altitudes for lengths of time which are likely to be shortest in Colorado, intermediate in Peru, and longest in Tibet. We hypothesized that the longest‐resident high‐altitude populations have beccome better adapted than shorter‐resident groups as a result of superior abilities to transport and/or utilize O 2 . Because birth weights are reduced at high altitude and decreased birth weight is associated with incr…
Increased vital and total lung capacities in Tibetan compared to Han residents of Lhasa (3,658 m)
Larger chest dimensions and lung volumes have been reported for Andean high‐altitude natives compared with sea‐level residents and implicated in raising lung diffusing capacity. Studies conducted in Nepal suggested that lifelong Himalayan residents did not have enlarged chest dimensions. To determine if high‐altitude Himalayans (Tibetans) had larger lung volumes than acclimatized newcomers (Han “Chinese”), we studied 38 Tibetan and 43 Han residen…
Protection from intrauterine growth retardation in Tibetans at high altitude
Intrauterine growth retardation has long been recognized at high altitude. Since growth‐retarded babies have a decreased chance of survival, intrauterine growth retardation would be expected to have been selected against in populations long resident at high altitude. We have previously reported that Tibetan babies born at 3,658 m weighed more than their North or South American altitude counterparts. This study sought to determine whether Tibetans…
Mitochondrial DNA analysis in Tibet
Mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) of 54 Tibetans residing at altitudes ranging from 3,000–4,500 m were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), examined by high‐resolution restriction endonuclease analysis, and compared with those previously described in 10 other Asian and Siberian populations. This comparison revealed that more than 50% of Asian mtDNAs belong to a unique mtDNA lineage which is found only among Mongoloids, suggesting that this lin…
High altitude and hypertension during pregnancy
Hypertensive complications of pregnancy are more common at high than low altitudes. Hypertension in pregnancy is associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality; thus natural selection may be operating against women who develop the disorder and their infants. It has long been hypothesized that chronic hypoxia due to residence at high altitude predisposes women to develop hypertension during pregnancy. Prior studies indicate t…
The effect of high altitude and other risk factors on birthweight
OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether the decline in birth-weight with increasing altitude is due to an independent effect of altitude or an exacerbation of other risk factors. METHODS: Maternal, paternal, and infant characteristics were obtained from 3836 Colorado birth certificates from 1989 through 1991. Average altitude of residence for each county was determined. RESULTS: None of the characteristics related to birthweight (gestational age,…
Superior exercise performance in lifelong Tibetan residents of 4,400 m compared with Tibetan residents of 3,658 m
Few environments challenge human populations more than high altitude, since the accompanying low oxygen pressures (hypoxia) are pervasive and impervious to cultural modification. Work capacity is an important factor in a population's ability to thrive in such an environment. The performance of work or exercise is a measure of the integrated functioning of the O2 transport system, with maximal O2 uptake (.VO2max) a convenient index of that functio…
Human adaptation to high altitude
Studies of the ways in which persons respond to the adaptive challenges of life at high altitude have occupied an important place in anthropology. There are three major regions of the world where high-altitude studies have recently been performed: the Himalayas of Asia, the Andes of South America, and the Rocky Mountains of North America. Of these, the Himalayan region is larger, more geographically remote, and likely to have been occupied by hum…
Tibetan protection from intrauterine growth restriction (Iugr) and reproductive loss at high altitude
Chronic hypoxia at high altitude restricts fetal growth, reducing birth weight and increasing infant mortality. We asked whether Tibetans, a long‐resident high‐altitude population, exhibit less altitude‐associated intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and prenatal or postnatal reproductive loss than Han (ethnic Chinese), a group that has lived there for a shorter period of time. A population sample was obtained, comprising 485 deliveries to Tibe…
Tibetan protection from intrauterine growth restriction (Iugr) and reproductive loss at high altitude
Oxygen transport in Tibetan women during pregnancy at 3,658 m
High-altitude reduces infant birth weight as a result of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and is associated with increased neonatal mortality. We hypothesized that babies born to Tibetan compared to Han (Chinese) high-altitude residents were protected from IUGR as the result of increased maternal O(2) transport due, in turn, to increased uterine artery (UA) blood flow. We studied 68 nonpregnant or pregnant Tibetan or Han residents of Lhasa,…
Human physiological adaptation to pregnancy
Reproductive success requires successful maternal physiological adaptation to pregnancy. An interspecific perspective reveals that the human species has modified features of our haplorhine heritage affecting the uteroplacental circulation. We speculate that such modifications — including early implantation and deep, widespread invasion of fetal (trophoblast cells) into and resultant remodeling of maternal uterine vessels — are responses to or com…
Introduction
An ecology of high-altitude infancy
Evidence that parent‐of‐origin affects birth‐weight reductions at high altitude
Hypoxia exerts a profound depressant effect on fetal growth, lowering birth weight, and raising mortality risk. Multigenerational high‐altitude populations are relatively protected from this birth‐weight decline, leading us to hypothesize that genetic factors were involved. We asked if the amount of high‐ versus low‐altitude ancestry influenced birth weight at high altitude and, specifically, whether such influences were affected by parent‐of‐ori…
Evolutionary adaptation to high altitude
A primary focus within biological anthropology has been to elucidate the processes of evolutionary adaptation. Frisancho helped to move anthropology towards more mechanistic explanations of human adaptation by drawing attention to the importance of the functional relevance of human variation. Using the natural laboratory of high altitude, he and others asked whether the unique physiology of indigenous high‐altitude residents was the result of acc…
Lowland origin women raised at high altitude are not protected against lower uteroplacental O 2 delivery during pregnancy or reduced birth weight
OBJECTIVE: Maternal physiologic responses to pregnancy promoting fetal oxygen and nutrient delivery are important determinants of reproductive success. Incomplete physiologic compensation for reduced oxygen availability at high altitude (≥2,500 m) compromises fetal growth. Populations of highland (e.g., Andeans, Tibetans) compared with lowland origin groups (e.g., Europeans, Han Chinese) are protected from this altitude-associated decrease in bir…
Andean and Tibetan patterns of adaptation to high altitude
OBJECTIVES: High-altitude hypoxia, or decreased oxygen levels caused by low barometric pressure, challenges the ability of humans to live and reproduce. Despite these challenges, human populations have lived on the Andean Altiplano and the Tibetan Plateau for millennia and exhibit unique circulatory, respiratory, and hematological adaptations to life at high altitude. We and others have identified natural selection candidate genes and gene region…
Little Effect of Gestation at 3,100 m on Fetal Fat Accretion or the Fetal Circulation
OBJECTIVE: While chronic hypoxia has been recognized as the principal causative factor for decreasing birth weight at high altitude, unknown is whether fetal fat accretion and vascular function are affected. METHODS: Colorado women with normal singleton pregnancies (18 Denver residents, 1,600 m; 24 Leadville residents, 3,100 m) were studied longitudinally from 20 to 36 weeks gestation. Fetal biometry was used to obtain axial images for assessing …
Surname‐Inferred andean ancestry is associated with child stature and limb lengths at high altitude in P eru, but not at sea level
OBJECTIVES: Native Andean ancestry gives partial protection from reduced birthweight at high altitude in the Andes compared with European ancestry. Whether Andean ancestry is also associated with body proportions and greater postnatal body size at altitude is unknown. Therefore, we tested whether a greater proportion of Andean ancestry is associated with stature and body proportions among Peruvian children at high and low altitude. METHODS: Heigh…
High Altitude Continues to Reduce Birth Weights in Colorado
Biology (23 works) · Effects of high altitude on humans (16 works) · Medicine (15 works) · Demography (13 works) · Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies (13 works) · Pregnancy (12 works) · Birth, Development, and Health (11 works) · High Altitude and Hypoxia (10 works) · Fetus (8 works) · Genetics (8 works)