J T Roberts
Biographic Data
| ID | 86805 |
|---|---|
| NAME | J T Roberts |
| GIVEN NAMES | J T |
| FAMILY NAME | Roberts |
| SIGNATURE | ROBERTS J T |
| AFFILIATIONS | Brown University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8726-5698 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 90 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1011 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 89 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1978 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 18 |
Who Has a Voice in the Energy Transition in the U.S. States? A Fifty-State Study of Local News
With federal climate and energy policy largely gridlocked, statelevel renewable portfolio standards (RPSs) were the central tool adopted in the United States on climate change for decades. RPSs vary by state and change over time, providing an opportunity to improve our understanding of which types of actors get a voice in policy debates over climate solutions in local newspapers. To do this, we built a fifty-state database of 1,522 articles about…
Beyond projects: Relational durability and the measurement of climate adaptation success in practice
Expert retrospective on a decade of the Paris Agreement
Climate Obstruction: A Global Assessment
Climate obstruction involves intentional actions and efforts to slow or block policies on climate change that are commensurate with the current scientific consensus of what is necessary to avoid dangerous human interference with the climate system. With thirty-one lead authors coordinating twelve teams of more than one hundred total authors, this first-of-its-kind volume reviews obstruction efforts undertaken by fossil fuel industries, utilities,…
Climate coalitions and anti-coalitions: Lobbying across state legislatures in the United States
With action on climate change gridlocked in Washington, D.C. over the past three decades, the U.S. states have become arenas for intense policymaking action. Interest groups frequently play pivotal roles in deciding the fate and content of climate mitigation policies in these legislatures. Yet basic questions about their activities still lack systematic, large-scale analysis. We ask: Who are the main actors in state-level climate disputes, and wh…
Beyond dark money: Information subsidies and complex networks of opposition to offshore wind on the U.S. East Coast
Informing strategic climate action: The Climate Social Science Network
Thirty years of well-meaning efforts by environmental scientists, NGOs and foundations have failed to result in effective policy and nongovernmental action; we believe this is because the extent and nature of obstruction efforts are barely understood, and therefore not effectively countered. We built the Climate Social Science Network (CSSN) to address this damaging lack of understanding of climate obstruction. In the few years since our launch i…
Vulnerability-based allocations in loss and damage finance
Calculating what we owe
Tactical Opposition: Obstructing Loss and Damage Finance in the United Nations Climate Negotiations
In 1991, in meetings constructing the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the small island state of Vanuatu introduced a proposal requiring wealthy countries to pay for damages related to sea level rise. More than thirty years later, countries finally agreed to establish a financing mechanism for loss and damage associated with climate change. Scholars have observed the slow progress on loss and damage finance, but what tactics…
We are a people: Sovereignty and disposability in the context of Puerto Rico's post-Hurricane Maria experience
The 2017 North Atlantic hurricane season brought many of the injustices faced by non-sovereign Caribbean States to the fore. These injustices, which positioned Caribbean people as expendable to colonial powers, highlighted the impact of historically enduring colonial structures of non-sovereignty on post-hurricane response and recovery efforts across the region. In this paper, we argue that Puerto Rico's status as a Commonwealth of the United Sta…
In Closing
The dynamics of institutional arrangements for climate change adaptation in small island developing states in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans
The successful design, implementation and management of the institutional arrangements for climate change adaptation are critical components of sustainable development. This is especially true for small island developing states (SIDS), a group of 58 countries spread across three main geographic regions, which are acknowledged as being disproportionately vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. In many instances, the dynamics of these arrangem…
The unequal geographies of climate finance: Climate injustice and dependency in the world system
Climate compatible development in practice
Climate compatible development (CCD) is a deliberate policy framework that reduces climate-related harm while increasing development opportunities when its three components – adaptation, mitigation, and development – are pursued jointly. In this viewpoint article, we use three island case studies – urban infrastructure improvements in the Solomon Islands, clean energy transitions in Hawaii, and sustainable tourism in the Seychelles – to argue tha…
Rebooting a failed promise of climate finance
Ethical choices behind quantifications of fair contributions under the Paris Agreement
Faster and steeper is feasible: Modeling deeper decarbonization in a Northeastern U.S. State
Who delays climate action? Interest groups and coalitions in state legislative struggles in the United States
Gridlock and rollback in Washington have led to a turn to the states for action on climate change in the U.S. The state of Massachusetts presents a particularly puzzling case, since it was an early leader with binding emissions targets, but the succeeding dozen years saw most ambitious efforts stalled or watered down. We collected 1187 pieces of legislative testimony, 4126 reported lobbying visits, and interviews with and input from over fifty ex…
Financing loss and damage from slow onset events in developing countries
Based on a systematic review of journal articles, books and book chapters, and policy papers, we evaluate possible sources of finance for addressing loss and damage from slow onset climate events in developing countries. We find that most publications explore insurance schemes which are not appropriate for most slow onset events. From this, we determine that only a few sources are sustainable. Levies and taxes are seen as relatively fair, predict…
Khaled Anatolios, Deification through the Cross: An Eastern Christian Theology of Salvation
Twenty-five years of adaptation finance through a climate justice lens
How much finance should be provided to support climate change adaptation and by whom? How should it be allocated, and on what basis? Over the years, various actors have expressed different normative expectations on climate finance. Which of these expectations are being met and which are not; why, and with what consequences? Have new norms and rules emerged, which remain contested? This article takes stock of the first 25+ years of adaptation fina…
Discourses of climate delay
Non-technical summary ‘Discourses of climate delay’ pervade current debates on climate action. These discourses accept the existence of climate change, but justify inaction or inadequate efforts. In contemporary discussions on what actions should be taken, by whom and how fast, proponents of climate delay would argue for minimal action or action taken by others. They focus attention on the negative social effects of climate policies and raise dou…
Why green “climate gentrification” threatens poor and vulnerable populations
Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu MdM-2015-0552
Explaining differential vulnerability to climate change: A social science review
The varied effects of recent extreme weather events around the world exemplify the uneven impacts of climate change on populations, even within relatively small geographic regions. Differential human vulnerability to environmental hazards results from a range of social, economic, historical, and political factors, all of which operate at multiple scales. While adaptation to climate change has been the dominant focus of policy and research agendas…
More Dollars than Sense: Refining Our Knowledge of Development Finance Using AidData
Compulsory Voting, Invalid Ballots, and Abstention in Brazil
This paper explores the determinants of invalid ballots and abstention in the world's largest electorate subject to compulsory voting. Previous analysts have seen blank and spoiled ballots either as an expression of po litical protest or as a product of the social structure. To these interpreta tions we add the hypothesis that invalid voting can be caused by institutional factors. In studying twelve legislative elections in Brazil be tween 1945 a…
Why equity is fundamental in climate change policy research
Carbon intensity and economic development 1962–1991: A brief exploration of the environmental Kuznets curve
Ecologically Unequal Exchange, Ecological Debt, and Climate Justice: The History and Implications of Three Related Ideas for a New Social Movement
Building on structuralist perspectives of the world economy, a small but growing group of researchers have forged a new literature on `ecologically unequal exchange' and documented that energy and materials disproportionately flow from the Global South to the Global North. These findings have begun to influence efforts to negotiate a `post-Kyoto' global climate regime. Since the extraction of resources and energy is one of the most damaging stage…
Climate change and the transition to neoliberal environmental governance
Political Economy of the Environment
Sociological theories about the political economy of the environment have appeared in two waves. The first wave has a productivist orientation, showing how the normal workings of industrial production damage the environment. It includes impact theories (IPAT and STIRPAT), the treadmill of production, growth machine theories, and resource extraction/ecologically unequal exchange theories. A second wave of theories focuses on environmental destruct…
Social Roots of Global Environmental Change: A World-Systems Analysis of Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Carbon dioxide is understood to be the most important greenhouse gas believed to be altering the global climate. This article applies world-system theory to environmental damage. An analysis of 154 countries examines the contribution of both position in the world economy and internal class and political forces in determining a nation's CO, intensity. CO, intensity is defined here as the amount of carbon dioxide released per unit of economic outpu…
The Politics of International Climate Adaptation Funding: Justice and Divisions in the Greenhouse
Finance for developing countries to adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change now tops the international climate negotiation agenda. In this article, we first assess how adaptation finance came to the top of the agenda. Second, drawing upon Amartya Sen's (2010) “realization-focused comparison” theory of justice, we develop a definition of adaptation finance justice based upon the texts of the 1992 UNFCCC and its subsidiary bodies. From this …
Climate Change, Social Theory and Justice
This article seeks to answer why North-South climate negotiations have gone on for decades without producing any substantial results. To address this question, we revisit and seek to integrate insights from several disparate theories, including structuralism (new and old), world systems theory, rational choice institutionalism, and social constructivism. We argue that the lack of convergence on climate grew almost inevitably from our starkly uneq…
Multipolarity and the new world (dis)order: US hegemonic decline and the fragmentation of the global climate regime
Fueling Injustice: Globalization, Ecologically Unequal Exchange and Climate Change
The globalization of economic production fundamentally reshapes how a ‘fair’ solution to the climate change problem must be forged. Emissions are increasing sharply in developing countries as wealthy nations ‘offshore’ the energy- and natural resource-intensive stages of production. We review a new and relatively under-utilized theory of ‘ecologically unequal exchange’ and apply it to the case of climate change. We describe four distinct principl…
Reforming the CDM for sustainable development: Lessons learned and policy futures
Globalization, Vulnerability to Climate Change, and Perceived Injustice
As the earth's climate begins to shift into a hotter and less predictable period, there is a basic injustice in who will suffer worst and first. Nations facing rising oceans and drought are those least responsible for the problem, and they have the least resources to cope with them. To evaluate claims of environmental injustice, we examine three cases where the first signs of climate change are being felt worst and first: murderous flooding from …
Splintering South: Ecologically Unequal Exchange Theory in a Fragmented Global Climate
The article examines the changing nature of politics in the United Nations climate negotiations through the lens of ecologically unequal exchange theory, focusing on the lead up to and aftermath of the 2015 Paris negotiations. We identify and discuss three areas of tension that have emerged within the G-77 coalition: tensions within the global semi-periphery, tensions between the semi-periphery and periphery, and tensions within the periphery. To…
Global Inequality and Climate Change
Global warming is all about inequality, both in who will suffer most its effects and in who created the problem in the first place. This article describes the inequality empirically in broad strokes and then describes how it has led to the current deadlock in dealing with the problem of global climate change. Regarding bargaining positions in the Kyoto round of negotiations, two factions among rich nations and at least five distinct bargaining po…
Blue-Green Coalitions: Constraints and Possibilities in the Post 9-11 Political Environment
Workers and environmentalists in the United States have often found themselves on opposite sides of critical issues. Yet at the WTO meeting in Seattle in November 1999, they came together in a historic protest many see as a watershed in the formation of a new blue-green Seattle Coalition. However the two camps are again in con?ict over substantive issues, and in the changed political climate of post 9-11, the question arises of the coalition s du…
Adaptation and international climate policy
Because of the failure of the world to agree an adequate regime to limit greenhouse gas emissions to a safe level, adaptation to climate change has risen rapidly in UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) negotiations since 2007. We closely review the development of policies, institutions, and financing of adaptation in international agreements from 1992 to the present. We conclude that the way the treaty has been built—first as a miti…
The Transformative Capability of Transparency in Global Environmental Governance
We develop and apply a new theoretical framework for assessing the transformative capability of transparency in environmental governance. Our framework suggests that as norms related to transparency are recognized and translated into accountability mechanisms, and as these mechanisms are complied with, effects cascade and substantially influence the ability of transparency to transform relationships of inequality. Utilizing the case of climate fi…
Predicting Participation in Environmental Treaties: A World-System Analysis
Which countries tend to sign international environmental treaties and why? This study tests the ability of quantitative cross-national political and economic analysis to predict participation in international environmental agreements over the period 1963-1987. Cross-sectional ordinary least squares regressions suggest that poor, highly indebted countries that are dependent on very few trading partners and that have repres-sive regimes are far mor…
Who delays climate action? Interest groups and coalitions in state legislative struggles in the United States
Gridlock and rollback in Washington have led to a turn to the states for action on climate change in the U.S. The state of Massachusetts presents a particularly puzzling case, since it was an early leader with binding emissions targets, but the succeeding dozen years saw most ambitious efforts stalled or watered down. We collected 1187 pieces of legislative testimony, 4126 reported lobbying visits, and interviews with and input from over fifty ex…
Squatters and Urban Growth in Amazonia
This article examines the growth of a new Amazonian boomtown Parauapebas [Brazil] through a series of urban squatter invasions. Parauapebas is a decade-old boomtown located outside the Carajas mining project in Para. The invasions are analyzed in the context of household survival strategies and local politics. A model explaining the form taken by these invasions is based on the expected and actual responses by landowners and the state. (EXCERPT
Inequality and the global climate regime: Breaking the north-south impasse
This article explores the hypothesis that global inequality may be a central impediment to interstate cooperation on climate change policy. Conventional wisdom suggests that outcomes in international environmental politics are primarily attributable to material self-interest, bargaining power, coercion, domestic environmental values, exogenous shocks and crises, the existence of salient policy solutions, the strength of political leadership and t…
Fear of Crime and Collective Action: An Analysis of Coping Strategies
Recent research addressing fear of crime largely concerns the causes of that fear; this article expands our understanding of fear of crime by examining whether people cope with their fear individually or collectively. Our guiding questions were two: Do coping strategies differ by those individual-level characteristics established in the fear-of-crime literature? And do strategies differ based upon conceptually distinct types of fear? This researc…
Psychosocial Effects of Workplace Hazardous Exposures: Theoretical Synthesis and Preliminary Findings
Physical and chemical risks are conspicuously absent from the sociological literature on how work affects personality. This paper is a preliminary exploration of the effects on workers of daily uncertainty about chemical risks to their health. A central contention is that whether or not the danger of toxic exposures is real, worry and uncertainty about the danger result in increased anxiety, fatalism, depression, and lowered self-esteem. A prelim…
Learning From Experience in Therapeutic Community Living - a Residential Weekend
Recent Developments in Elt – Part II
What the foregoing should have brought out is that ‘communication’ and ‘communicative’ are still very much the watchwords of current ELT, and that interest in research into what constitutes ‘communication’ persists strongly. It is, of course, true that over the last ten or so years a vast corpus of new knowledge has been accumulated and has led to many new applications; yet it is also evident that there is as yet little feeling of self-satisfacti…
Recent Developments in Elt-Part I and Bibliograhy
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Squatters and Urban Growth in Amazonia
This article examines the growth of a new Amazonian boomtown Parauapebas [Brazil] through a series of urban squatter invasions. Parauapebas is a decade-old boomtown located outside the Carajas mining project in Para. The invasions are analyzed in the context of household survival strategies and local politics. A model explaining the form taken by these invasions is based on the expected and actual responses by landowners and the state. (EXCERPT
Power and Placenames: A Case Study From the Contemporary Amazon Frontier
A political economy of placenames is proposed in an attempt to discover who has the power to name places and what values the names represent. Studies of power and placenames are reviewed and directions for further research are indicated. Placenaming in the state of Pará on the Brazilian Amazon frontier is examined and settlement names are analyzed. Government map-makers and politicians, relations with indigenous populations, and settlers' hopes f…
Psychosocial Effects of Workplace Hazardous Exposures: Theoretical Synthesis and Preliminary Findings
Physical and chemical risks are conspicuously absent from the sociological literature on how work affects personality. This paper is a preliminary exploration of the effects on workers of daily uncertainty about chemical risks to their health. A central contention is that whether or not the danger of toxic exposures is real, worry and uncertainty about the danger result in increased anxiety, fatalism, depression, and lowered self-esteem. A prelim…
Virtual Reality.Howard Rheingold
An anatomy of home-study foreign language courses (1)
Trickling down and scrambling up: The informal sector, food provisioning and local benefits of the Carajás mining “Growth Pole” in the Brazilian Amazon
Asia's Environmental Crisis
Compulsory Voting, Invalid Ballots, and Abstention in Brazil
This paper explores the determinants of invalid ballots and abstention in the world's largest electorate subject to compulsory voting. Previous analysts have seen blank and spoiled ballots either as an expression of po litical protest or as a product of the social structure. To these interpreta tions we add the hypothesis that invalid voting can be caused by institutional factors. In studying twelve legislative elections in Brazil be tween 1945 a…
Subcontracting and the Omitted Social Dimensions of Large Development Projects: Household Survival at the Carajás Mines in the Brazilian Amazon
Expansion of Television in Eastern Amazonia
Walking down the dusty streets of an isolated frontier boomtown in the Brazilian state of Para in the evening, one can follow the dialogue of the country's favorite evening soap operas streaming from front-room television sets. The pling-pling noise that marks the end of commercials on the Globo network, now the fourth largest in the world, echoes down the squatter-settled streets. From this simple observation, three striking points emerge. The A…
Commodity Chains and Global Capitalism
Demystifying materials evaluation
Predicting Participation in Environmental Treaties: A World-System Analysis
Which countries tend to sign international environmental treaties and why? This study tests the ability of quantitative cross-national political and economic analysis to predict participation in international environmental agreements over the period 1963-1987. Cross-sectional ordinary least squares regressions suggest that poor, highly indebted countries that are dependent on very few trading partners and that have repres-sive regimes are far mor…
Carbon intensity and economic development 1962–1991: A brief exploration of the environmental Kuznets curve
Negotiating Both Sides of the Plant Gate: Gender, Hazardous Facility Workers and Community Responses To Technological Hazards
Workers at hazardous facilities and their families play an important and virtually undocumented role in determining community responses to technological disasters. Community researchers must pay closer attention to whether hazardous facility workers reside locally, to their roles in the community, how gender affects their relations with family members and authorities, and how they affect their neighbors and local attitudes more broadly. Risk is `…
Reply to McNaughton and Lee
Understanding Globalization: The Social Consequences of Political, Economic, and Environmental Change
Chapter 1 Globalizing Production in the United States, Western Europe, and Japan Chapter 2 Dollar Devaluations Chapter 3 Fighting Inflation Chapter 4 Debt Crisis and Globalization Chapter 5 An Age of Migrations Chapter 6 Dictatorship and Democracy Chapter 7 The Rise of China Chapter 8 Collateral Damage: The Causes and Consequences of 9/11 Chapter 9 The Legacy of Partition in India and Pakistan: 1947-1948 Chapter 10 Partition in Palestine: 1948 Ch…
Latin American environmentalism: Comparative views
Fear of Crime and Collective Action: An Analysis of Coping Strategies
Recent research addressing fear of crime largely concerns the causes of that fear; this article expands our understanding of fear of crime by examining whether people cope with their fear individually or collectively. Our guiding questions were two: Do coping strategies differ by those individual-level characteristics established in the fear-of-crime literature? And do strategies differ based upon conceptually distinct types of fear? This researc…
Chronicles from the Environmental Justice Frontline
Chronicles from the Environmental Justice Frontline, first published in 1991, provides a rare glimpse of the environmental justice movement as it plays out in four landmark struggles at the end of the twentieth century. The book describes the stories of everyday people who have decided to take to the streets to battle what they perceive as injustice: the unequal exposure of minorities and the poor to the 'bads' produced by our industrial society.…
Global Inequality and Climate Change
Global Inequality and Climate Change
Global warming is all about inequality, both in who will suffer most its effects and in who created the problem in the first place. This article describes the inequality empirically in broad strokes and then describes how it has led to the current deadlock in dealing with the problem of global climate change. Regarding bargaining positions in the Kyoto round of negotiations, two factions among rich nations and at least five distinct bargaining po…
Political science (62 works) · Economics (53 works) · Climate change (41 works) · Law (40 works) · Sociology (31 works) · Law (28 works) · Politics (28 works) · Ecology (26 works) · Business (22 works) · Geography (21 works)