Robert A C Ruiter
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 87109 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Robert A C Ruiter |
| PRENOMES | Robert A C |
| SOBRENOME | Ruiter |
| ASSINATURA | RUITER R A C |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Maastricht University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5017-3258 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 111 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 110 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 111 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2001 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Impact of Universal Test and Treat (UTT) on anticipated stigma among patients newly diagnosed with HIV in Johannesburg, South Africa
Anticipated stigma—the fear that an HIV diagnosis and disclosure may lead to negative social consequences that undermine engagement in HIV care, even in the era of universal test-and-treat (UTT). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anticipated stigma and identify its predictors among newly HIV-diagnosed adults in Johannesburg, South Africa, where treatment is available. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 652 adults (≥18 years)…
Dataset on a health education promoting breast self-examination among women in Indonesia
Breast cancer remains a significant public health issue in Indonesia. In 2022, breast cancer became the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women, accounting for 30.1% of all cases, and ranked as the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths (1). Alarmingly, only 2% of breast cancer cases were diagnosed at an early stage, while approximately 70% of patients sought treatment only when the disease had progressed to advanced stages (stages III a…
Individual differences in the prediction of mental health by smartphone and Instagram use
The impact of smartphones and social media on mental health depends on how people use these technologies. Research distinguishes between overall, social and non-social smartphone use, as well as between overall, active, and passive social media use. Recent studies revealed that the consequences of these usage types for mental health may depend on personality traits; however, evidence remains elusive. This study examines the moderating role of ext…
Parental mediation strategies for social media use
As social media provides opportunities but also involves risks for adolescents, some parents apply strategies to help their children adaptively use social media. Taxonomies of these strategies were primarily based on research conducted in the Global North. However, while social media use is also highly prevalent in the Global South, research on parental mediation strategies in the Global South is relatively scarce. The aim of this study is to inc…
Measuring multidimensional loneliness in Indonesia
Loneliness is closely linked to various mental health and physical health challenges. Despite numerous efforts, effective interventions for alleviating loneliness remain elusive, partly due to the lack of differentiation among different types of loneliness. The De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS) and the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA-S) have proven to be valid and reliable tools for measuring emotional and social l…
Psychosocial determinants of parents’ intention to support reproductive health education in Ghana
Promoting sex education is key to addressing the adverse sexual health outcomes among adolescents. The successful adoption and implementation of Reproductive Health Education (RHE) in schools depends on the support of curriculum owners and other stakeholders such as parents. The study explored socio-demographic and psychosocial factors influencing parents’ intentions to support the adoption and implementation of RHE in primary and high schools in…
Preventing unwanted pregnancy among internally displaced adolescents (15–19 years) in Nigeria
Unwanted pregnancy, especially among adolescents, poses a global health burden and particularly affects marginalised communities owing to poverty and limited opportunities. Internally displaced adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa face a heightened risk for poor sexual and reproductive health. Insights into their beliefs about contraceptive use and the barriers they encounter are limited. This study aimed to investigate the underlying beliefs toward…
Promoting informed decision making about maternal pertussis vaccination
Introduction: Maintaining and enhancing vaccine confidence continues to be a challenge. Making an informed decision not only helps to avoid potential future regret but also reduces susceptibility to misinformation. There is an urgent need for interventions that facilitate informed decision-making about vaccines. This paper describes the systematic development of two interventions designed to promote informed decision making and indirectly, accept…
Improving patient-centred counselling skills among lay healthcare workers in South Africa using the Thusa-Thuso motivational interviewing training and support program
We developed a motivational interviewing (MI) counselling training and support program for lay counsellors in South Africa–branded "Thusa-Thuso— helping you help ", commonly referred to as Thusa-Thuso. We present the results of a pilot study to determine the program’s impact on MI technical skills and qualitatively assess the feasibility of a training-of-trainers (TOT) scale-up strategy among counselling staff of non-governmental (NGO) support pa…
When and why do people change their minds in favor of vaccination? Longitudinal analyses of switching Covid-19 vaccination preferences
A majority of initially hesitant people changed their minds about vaccination during the pandemic. Preference switches in favor of vaccination were most strongly associated with beliefs about the vaccine's efficacy in preventing illness. This study underlines the importance of providing up-to-date, balanced information and decisional support for people to weigh the benefits and risks of getting vaccinated versus not getting vaccinated
A qualitative study to explore traffic police personnel perceptions towards road safety behaviour among young riders in Manipal, India
Road crash injuries are significant public health issues in many low-and middle-income countries. Every year more than 1.35 million people lose their lives due to road crashes, making it one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In 2021, 1.19 million road traffic deaths occurred worldwide. Globally, India accounts for the second-largest number of fatal road traffic crashes. Riders in the age range of 18-25 years contribute to 41.4% of India's…
The end point of it is abstinence
Adolescents' sexual and reproductive health challenges are of global public health concern and good quality sexual and reproductive health (SRH) education has an important role to play in addressing these negative sexual health outcomes. Yet in most Sub-Saharan African countries including Ghana, there is limited implementation of SRH education. Several environmental factors hinder the implementation of SRH education with the attitudes expressed b…
Understanding Why Youth Drop Out of School in South Africa
Out of school youth (OSY) are adolescents who have not completed their schooling and are not currently enrolled in school. This study sought to understand why learners drop out of school by interviewing 41 OSY (aged 13-20 years). Respondent Driven Sampling was used to recruit OSY. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. Gender differences were found in the reasons for leaving school. Males dropped out due to poor school performance, vocati…
A study Comparing Text-Based WhatsApp and Face-to-Face Interviews to Understand Early School Dropout
The majority of adolescents communicate via text-based messaging, particularly through WhatsApp, a widely used free communication application. Written content on WhatsApp has the methodological potential to provide rich qualitative interview data. This study compares data collected using text-based WhatsApp versus face-to-face interview techniques. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of early school leavers in South Africa, us…
Social-psychological determinants of hormonal contraceptive use intentions among adolescent girls in the Bono East Region of Ghana
Introduction The correct and consistent use of hormonal contraceptive (HC) methods by sexually active adolescent girls can prevent pregnancy and avert the health and social consequences of unwanted pregnancy for both the mother and her child. Despite these benefits, research shows that HC use is rather low among adolescent girls globally and especially among those in low and middle-income countries. This study was carried out to assess the social…
Intervention mapping as a guide to developing, implementing, and evaluating stigma reduction interventions
Stigmatization is a complex and deeply ingrained process, not easily amenable to change. The field of systematic behavior change can offer guidance for the improvement of stigma reduction efforts. In this article, we describe Intervention Mapping as a relevant approach for designing stigma reduction interventions. We demonstrate that, for stigma reduction to be effective, a number of actions are essential. We must (1) ascertain, at various socioe…
Perspective on the Prevention of Suicide among School Learners by School Management
Adolescents in South Africa have higher suicide rates than older people. A suicide or unexpected death of a fellow student can result in increased copycat behavior. Previous studies have placed emphasis on the significance of school involvement in the prevention of suicide. The study sought to explore the perspective on the prevention of suicide among school learners by school management. A qualitative phenomenological design was applied. The stu…
Considerable doubt about rubella screening and vaccination among unvaccinated orthodox protestant women
In light of an imminent rubella outbreak in the Netherlands, a tailored education campaign should be prepared aimed at and established in cooperation with the under-vaccinated orthodox Protestant community. Health care providers should provide adequate information on rubella and support decision-making in order to stimulate women to make a deliberate and informed decision on rubella screening and, if necessary, subsequent vaccination
Promoting children's sleep health
Background: To design a comprehensive approach to promote children's sleep health in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, we combined Intervention Mapping (IM) with the Health in All Policies (HiAP) perspective. We aimed to create an approach that fits local infrastructures and policy domains across sectors. Methods: First, a needs assessment was conducted, including a systematic review, two concept mapping studies, and one cross-sectional sleep diary stu…
The Future Positive micro-intervention protocol
This paper describes the development of a Dutch micro-intervention, Future Positive , that aims to increase health behaviors among employees with a low socio-economic position (SEP), with the ultimate aim to decrease socio-economic health inequalities. Intervention Mapping (IM) was used to adapt previously developed psychological capital interventions into a micro-intervention suitable to be delivered in the work context for employees with a low …
Facebook use intensity and depressive symptoms
These findings expand our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between Facebook use intensity and depressive symptoms and describe user characteristics that act as vulnerability factors in this relationship
Our Work, Our Health, No One’s Concern”
Domestic waste collectors face major public health hazards that result in injuries and morbidity globally. This study explored domestic waste collectors' perceptions of occupational safety and self-reported health issues in a city in Ghana using a phenomenological qualitative research design. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were held with 64 domestic waste collectors from two waste companies. The transcribed data were imported int…
The Association Between Neuroticism and Problematic Social Networking Sites Use
Problematic use of social networking sites (SNS) has a negative impact on mental health. It has been found that people who score high on neuroticism are especially vulnerable towards engaging with SNS in a problematic way but it is not clear which psychological mechanisms explain this relationship. We addressed this issue by examining the mediating role of fear of missing out and self-control in the relationship between neuroticism and problemati…
Correlates of hepatitis B testing in Ghana
Hepatitis B testing is the gateway for prevention and care. However, previous studies document low hepatitis B testing uptake in sub-Saharan Africa. This study investigated knowledge, stigma endorsement and knowing someone with hepatitis B as correlates of hepatitis B testing behaviours among people in the Greater Accra and Northern regions of Ghana. A cross-sectional survey was completed by 971 participants (Greater Accra = 503, and Northern reg…
Using intervention mapping in motivational interviewing training to improve ART uptake in Gauteng, South Africa
In South Africa, lay HIV counsellors are at the forefront of many HIV-related behavioural interventions. However, they have limited formal counselling training and little ongoing in-service support, leading to considerable variability in approaches to counselling. We describe the use of Intervention Mapping to develop a motivational interviewing counselling training and support program, titled "Thusa-Thuso - helping you help", for lay HIV counsel…
Healthy and unhealthy social norms and food selection. Findings from a field-experiment
The behavior of others in people's social environment (i.e., descriptive norms), as well as their opinions regarding appropriate actions (i.e., injunctive norms) strongly influence people's decisions and actions. The goal of this study was to extend prior laboratory research on the influence of social norms on food choices, by conducting a field-experiment in an on-campus food court. One of three different messages was posted on a given day: a he…
Intervention Mapping
Evidence-based health promotion programmes are based on empirical data and theory. While a broad range of social and behavioural science theories are available, the actual application of these theories in programme design remains a real challenge for health promotion planners. Intervention Mapping describes a protocol for the development of theory- and evidence-based health promotion programmes. It provides guidelines and tools for the selection …
Self-efficacy as a Potential Moderator of the Effects of Framed Health Messages
This study focuses on self-efficacy as a potential moderator of the effects of gain- and loss-framed health messages. Undergraduate students ( N = 124) received a gain- or loss-framed message about consuming ecological meat. The data revealed that for participants high in self-efficacy, the gain-framed message resulted in consuming more ecological meat than the loss-framed message. Moreover it was found that - within the gain-frame condition - pa…
Risk factors of loneliness across the life span
Although loneliness is typically associated with adolescence and old age, research has revealed that it is prevalent across the life span. The present study contributes to the loneliness literature by investigating a broad range of risk factors in a Dutch sample ( N = 52,341) ranging from late adolescence to old age using a cross-sectional survey administered by the regional public health services in the province of Limburg in the Netherlands. Ri…
The Role of Coping Appraisal in Reactions to Fear Appeals
Fear appeal theory postulates a multiplicative relationship between threat information and coping appraisal on fear control (e.g. avoid thinking about breast cancer to reduce feelings of fear) and danger control (e.g. motivation to perform monthly breast self-examination to detect breast cancer). That is, the effects of threat information on measures of both coping modes are moderated by beliefs about one's ability to cope with the presented thre…
Understanding the role played by parents, culture and the school curriculum in socializing young women on sexual health issues in rural South African communities
BACKGROUND: the decline in South Africa's HIV infection rates especially among young women is encouraging. However, studies show that the 15-24-year-old cohort remains vulnerable. As they still report early sexual debut, being involved in sexual partnerships with older men as well as having unprotected sex. These risky sexual behaviors may be linked to factors such as the parent-child sexual health communication and the timing of the first talk. …
The effects of tailored and threatening nutrition information on message attention. Evidence from an event-related potential study
Distinct pathways to persuasion
Health‐promoting messages can be framed in terms of the gains that are associated with healthy behaviour (gain frame) or the losses that are associated with unhealthy behaviour (loss frame). In the present research, we examined the role of positive and negative affect in the persuasive effects of gain‐ and loss‐framed health‐promoting information. Experiment 1 ( N = 98) showed that gain‐framed information resulted in higher levels of information …
Modelling antecedents of blood donation motivation among non-donors of varying age and education
Understanding blood donation motivation among non-donors is prerequisite to effective recruitment. Two studies explored the psychological antecedents of blood donation motivation and the generalisability of a model of donation motivation across groups differing in age and educational level. An older well-educated population and a younger less well-educated population were sampled. The studies assessed the role of altruism, fear of blood/needles a…
Contextual correlates of loneliness in adolescents
Loneliness is a common problem that can affect an individual’s physical and mental wellbeing. While loneliness has been extensively researched among older people, relatively few studies have investigated loneliness in the adolescent population. In this study, we aim to explore the association between loneliness and contextual factors in a large sample of young people. Data stem from the “National Youth Health Monitor” of the Dutch region of South…
The association between ethnic identity and sexual coercion among young men in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Sexual coercion by males poses important ethical, legal and public health challenges. Individual face-to-face structured interviews were conducted among 1656 men who had undergone male initiation and circumcision in rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province. Overall, 8.4 per cent of the participants reported ever having forced someone to have sex. Logistic regression adjusting for age, working status, education level and nation of origin showed th…
Avoidance orientation moderates the effect of threatening messages
This study investigated the influence of individual differences in people's dispositional avoidance orientation on the persuasive effects of low- and high-threat messages promoting moderate drinking. First, participents ( N = 99) individual differences in avoidance orientation were assessed, after which they were provided with either high- or low-threat messages about the consequences of drinking too much alcohol. The primary outcome measures wer…
Correlates of Grief Among Older Adults Caring for Children and Grandchildren as a Consequence of HIV and Aids in South Africa
This study provides insight into correlates of grief among older caregivers and results in useful information to inform the development of interventions to assist older persons in coping with their responsibilities as caregivers
The influence of self‐efficacy on the effects of framed health messages
Health promoting messages can be framed in terms of the gains that are associated with healthy behaviour, or the losses that are associated with unhealthy behaviour. In this study, we examined the influence of self‐efficacy to quit smoking on the effects of gain framed and loss framed anti‐smoking messages in a randomized controlled trial among 539 adult smokers. Participants with a high self‐efficacy to quit smoking reported higher levels of mot…
Sista South Africa
Although new HIV treatments continue to offer hope for individuals living with HIV, behavioural interventions shown to reduce HIV risk behaviour remain one of the most powerful tools in curbing the HIV epidemic. Unfortunately, the development of evidence based HIV interventions is a resource-intensive process that has not progressed as quickly as the epidemiology of the disease. As the epidemic continues to evolve, there is a need to expedite the…
PrEP Interest Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in the Netherlands
Despite increased availability of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), PrEP uptake has remained low. To promote uptake, factors related to PrEP interest among relevant target populations warrant investigation. The aim of this study was to provide an analysis of PrEP interest among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the Netherlands, while taking study recruitment strategies into account. We recruited 154 MSM from an LGBT research panel (AmsterdamPinkP…
The psychosocial determinants of the intention to reduce the number of sexual partners among recent traditionally initiated and circumcized men in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
This study focuses on the factors associated with the intention to reduce the number of sexual partners. An individual face-to-face interview was used to collect data amongst 2337 traditionally initiated and circumcized men in the rural areas of Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. About 55.5% reported having a main sexual partner and of those 41.4% indicated having other sexual partners. The strongest association with intention was found for sel…
The Impact of a Community-based Pilot Health Education Intervention for Older People as Caregivers of Orphaned and Sick Children as a Result of HIV and Aids in South Africa
The increasing HIV and AIDS epidemic in South Africa poses a substantial burden to older people, in particular older women who mainly provide care for sick adult children and their grandchildren who have become orphaned and rendered vulnerable by the death or illness of their parents. In this study, 202 isiXhosa speaking older caregivers from Motherwell in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa were trained to provide care for grandchildren an…
HIV/STI Risk Communication
Health risk judgments are not merely based on risk statistics but also on the ease with which hypothetical events are imagined. We explored the effects of scenario information as opposed to frequency information on susceptibility perceptions regarding Chlamydia and HIV. Results showed that participants felt more susceptible to Chlamydia after reading frequency information. Scenario information only seemed to affect feelings of susceptibility in p…
Correlates of hepatitis B testing in Ghana
Hepatitis B testing is the gateway for prevention and care. However, previous studies document low hepatitis B testing uptake in sub-Saharan Africa. This study investigated knowledge, stigma endorsement and knowing someone with hepatitis B as correlates of hepatitis B testing behaviours among people in the Greater Accra and Northern regions of Ghana. A cross-sectional survey was completed by 971 participants (Greater Accra = 503, and Northern reg…
Prenatal and Postnatal Intimate Partner Violence and Associated Factors Among HIV-Infected Women in Rural South Africa
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been highlighted as one of the challenges to the effectiveness of the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programs in rural areas in South Africa. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence of prenatal and postnatal physical as well as psychological IPV, and corresponding time-invariant and time-varying predictors, among HIV-positive women attending PMTCT services in rural South Africa. …
Exploring the Perceived Effectiveness of Applied Theater as a Maternal Health Promotion Tool in Rural Zambia
In the current study, we aimed (a) to extend the previous research conducted in Kalomo District on the psychosocial factors that influence women's intention to utilize maternal health care services (MHS) and (b) to explore community members' perceptions of the use of a theater-based health promotion program to positively influence these factors among pregnant women. Semistructured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 44 respondents, and confi…
The Association Between Ethnic Identity and Condom Use Among Young Men in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Go Fast! Reaction Time Differences between Adults and Adolescents in Evaluating Risky Traffic Situations
This study investigated the hypothesis that adults are faster than adolescents in responding to risks. Twenty-six adolescents ( Mage = 15 years) and 26 adults ( Mage = 47 years) responded to risky situations (e.g. 'Is it a good idea to drive a car while having drunk alcohol?') and non-risky situations (e.g. '... wear a helmet while riding a moped?') in a choice reaction time task. Adults responded 110ms faster to both risky and non-risky question…
Psychosocial determinants of suicide attempts among black South African adolescents
In South Africa, one in five adolescents attempt suicide. Suicide attempts continue to rise. We aimed to identify psychosocial target points for future educational interventions. One-to-one semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore psychosocial factors associated with past suicide attempts among suicide survivors in Limpopo province, South Africa. A total of 14 adolescents (eight girls and six boys) who recently attempted suicide were …
Scary warnings and rational precautions
Research into the effects of fear-arousal on precautionary motivation and action is reviewed. Current models do not adequately distinguish between emotional (i.e., fear arousal) and cognitive (i.e., threat perception) responses to fear appeals and, in general, are not well supported. Evidence suggesting that (i) coping appraisals are more powerful predictors of precautionary action than threat perception and that (ii) fear control processes may i…
The Role of Coping Appraisal in Reactions to Fear Appeals
Fear appeal theory postulates a multiplicative relationship between threat information and coping appraisal on fear control (e.g. avoid thinking about breast cancer to reduce feelings of fear) and danger control (e.g. motivation to perform monthly breast self-examination to detect breast cancer). That is, the effects of threat information on measures of both coping modes are moderated by beliefs about one's ability to cope with the presented thre…
Intervention Mapping
Evidence-based health promotion programmes are based on empirical data and theory. While a broad range of social and behavioural science theories are available, the actual application of these theories in programme design remains a real challenge for health promotion planners. Intervention Mapping describes a protocol for the development of theory- and evidence-based health promotion programmes. It provides guidelines and tools for the selection …
The effects of a systematically developed photo-novella on knowledge, attitudes, communication and behavioural intentions with respect to sexually transmitted infections among secondary school learner…
A pre-post test follow-up design was used to test the effects of a systematically developed photo-novella (Laduma) on knowledge, attitudes, communication and behavioural intentions with respect to sexually transmitted infections, after a single reading by 1168 secondary school learners in South Africa. The reading resulted in an increase in knowledge on the spread of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), change in attitude to condom use and tow…
The influence of self‐efficacy on the effects of framed health messages
Health promoting messages can be framed in terms of the gains that are associated with healthy behaviour, or the losses that are associated with unhealthy behaviour. In this study, we examined the influence of self‐efficacy to quit smoking on the effects of gain framed and loss framed anti‐smoking messages in a randomized controlled trial among 539 adult smokers. Participants with a high self‐efficacy to quit smoking reported higher levels of mot…
Sista South Africa
Although new HIV treatments continue to offer hope for individuals living with HIV, behavioural interventions shown to reduce HIV risk behaviour remain one of the most powerful tools in curbing the HIV epidemic. Unfortunately, the development of evidence based HIV interventions is a resource-intensive process that has not progressed as quickly as the epidemiology of the disease. As the epidemic continues to evolve, there is a need to expedite the…
Condom use promotion among isiXhosa speaking women living with HIV in the Western Cape Province, South Africa
The prevalence of HIV infection continues to increase among women in South Africa while there are few interventions specifically targeting condom use promotion in this population. We report the results of an experimental pilot study of a health education intervention aimed at enhancing coping skills and consistent condom use among HIV-positive women attending primary health clinics in the Western Cape province of South Africa. One hundred and twe…
Correlates of Grief Among Older Adults Caring for Children and Grandchildren as a Consequence of HIV and Aids in South Africa
This study provides insight into correlates of grief among older caregivers and results in useful information to inform the development of interventions to assist older persons in coping with their responsibilities as caregivers
The Impact of a Community-based Pilot Health Education Intervention for Older People as Caregivers of Orphaned and Sick Children as a Result of HIV and Aids in South Africa
The increasing HIV and AIDS epidemic in South Africa poses a substantial burden to older people, in particular older women who mainly provide care for sick adult children and their grandchildren who have become orphaned and rendered vulnerable by the death or illness of their parents. In this study, 202 isiXhosa speaking older caregivers from Motherwell in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa were trained to provide care for grandchildren an…
Modelling antecedents of blood donation motivation among non-donors of varying age and education
Understanding blood donation motivation among non-donors is prerequisite to effective recruitment. Two studies explored the psychological antecedents of blood donation motivation and the generalisability of a model of donation motivation across groups differing in age and educational level. An older well-educated population and a younger less well-educated population were sampled. The studies assessed the role of altruism, fear of blood/needles a…
HIV/STI Risk Communication
Health risk judgments are not merely based on risk statistics but also on the ease with which hypothetical events are imagined. We explored the effects of scenario information as opposed to frequency information on susceptibility perceptions regarding Chlamydia and HIV. Results showed that participants felt more susceptible to Chlamydia after reading frequency information. Scenario information only seemed to affect feelings of susceptibility in p…
Explaining perceived ability among older people to provide care as a result of HIV and Aids in South Africa
In South Africa, older people have become the primary caregivers of children and grandchildren infected or affected by HIV and AIDS. This study explores the determinants of the perceived ability to care for children and grandchildren in the domains of providing nursing care, communicating with (grand) children, generating income and to relax. Structured one-on-one interviews were conducted among 409 isiXhosa speaking older people in two sites in …
Social-cognitive correlates of risky adolescent cycling behavior
Adolescents realize whether they are risk takers or not. This implies that the focus of education programs should not be on risk perceptions, but on decreasing positive attitudes towards alcohol in traffic and increasing sense of responsibility instead. Cognitions regarding near accidents should be studied, the role of safe cycling self-efficacy is unclear
Distinct pathways to persuasion
Health‐promoting messages can be framed in terms of the gains that are associated with healthy behaviour (gain frame) or the losses that are associated with unhealthy behaviour (loss frame). In the present research, we examined the role of positive and negative affect in the persuasive effects of gain‐ and loss‐framed health‐promoting information. Experiment 1 ( N = 98) showed that gain‐framed information resulted in higher levels of information …
The World Starts With Me
The study showed an intervention effect on a number of socio-cognitive determinants. However, the effectiveness of WSWM could be improved by giving more systematic attention to the context in which such a programme is to be implemented. Implications for the systematic development and implementation of school-based safe sex interventions in Uganda will be discussed
Psychosocial determinants of suicide attempts among black South African adolescents
In South Africa, one in five adolescents attempt suicide. Suicide attempts continue to rise. We aimed to identify psychosocial target points for future educational interventions. One-to-one semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore psychosocial factors associated with past suicide attempts among suicide survivors in Limpopo province, South Africa. A total of 14 adolescents (eight girls and six boys) who recently attempted suicide were …
The effects of tailored and threatening nutrition information on message attention. Evidence from an event-related potential study
Psychosocial correlates of condom use consistency among Isixhosa-speaking women living with HIV in the Western Cape Province of South Africa
Many HIV-positive South African women continue to have unprotected sex. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess correlates of condom use consistency among Xhosa-speaking HIV-positive women in South Africa. One hundred and twenty women were recruited from five primary care clinics and completed a questionnaire. Regression analyses indicated that assertive negotiation and self efficacy for condom use were proximal correlates of condom u…
Self-efficacy as a Potential Moderator of the Effects of Framed Health Messages
This study focuses on self-efficacy as a potential moderator of the effects of gain- and loss-framed health messages. Undergraduate students ( N = 124) received a gain- or loss-framed message about consuming ecological meat. The data revealed that for participants high in self-efficacy, the gain-framed message resulted in consuming more ecological meat than the loss-framed message. Moreover it was found that - within the gain-frame condition - pa…
Eye movement responses to health messages on cigarette packages
Non-smokers demonstrated an attention preference for high risk information as opposed to coping information, but only when text information was presented in combination with a high threat photo. For smokers, however, our findings suggest more attention allocation for coping information than for health risk information. This preference for coping information is not reflected in current health messages to motivate smokers to quit smoking. Coping in…
Correlates of delayed sexual intercourse and condom use among adolescents in Uganda
This study has established relevant predictors of intentions of safe sex among young Ugandans and has shown that the intention to use condoms is motivated by different factors depending on previous sexual experience. A segmented approach to intervention development and implementation is thus recommended
Transactional Sexual Relationships, Sexually Transmitted Infection Risk, and Condom Use among Young Black Women in Peri-Urban Areas of the Western Cape Province of South Africa
The association between ethnic identity and sexual coercion among young men in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Sexual coercion by males poses important ethical, legal and public health challenges. Individual face-to-face structured interviews were conducted among 1656 men who had undergone male initiation and circumcision in rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province. Overall, 8.4 per cent of the participants reported ever having forced someone to have sex. Logistic regression adjusting for age, working status, education level and nation of origin showed th…
Avoidance orientation moderates the effect of threatening messages
This study investigated the influence of individual differences in people's dispositional avoidance orientation on the persuasive effects of low- and high-threat messages promoting moderate drinking. First, participents ( N = 99) individual differences in avoidance orientation were assessed, after which they were provided with either high- or low-threat messages about the consequences of drinking too much alcohol. The primary outcome measures wer…
Go Fast! Reaction Time Differences between Adults and Adolescents in Evaluating Risky Traffic Situations
This study investigated the hypothesis that adults are faster than adolescents in responding to risks. Twenty-six adolescents ( Mage = 15 years) and 26 adults ( Mage = 47 years) responded to risky situations (e.g. 'Is it a good idea to drive a car while having drunk alcohol?') and non-risky situations (e.g. '... wear a helmet while riding a moped?') in a choice reaction time task. Adults responded 110ms faster to both risky and non-risky question…
Medicine (95 obras) · Psychology (79 obras) · Psychiatry (46 obras) · Environmental health (43 obras) · Family medicine (43 obras) · Social Psychology (41 obras) · Nursing (39 obras) · Public health (38 obras) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (37 obras) · Clinical Psychology (32 obras)