Bernardo T Arriaza
Biographic Data
| ID | 87310 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Bernardo T Arriaza |
| GIVEN NAMES | Bernardo T |
| FAMILY NAME | Arriaza |
| SIGNATURE | ARRIAZA B T |
| AFFILIATIONS | Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá Arica Chile |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 37 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 195 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 37 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1993 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
The role of dietary calcium in the etiology of childhood rickets in the past and the present
For more than two centuries, lack of sunlight has been understood to cause vitamin D deficiency and documented as a primary cause of rickets. As such, evidence of rickets in the archeological record has been used as a proxy for vitamin D status in past individuals and populations. In the last decade, a clinical global consensus has emerged wherein it is recognized that dietary calcium deficiency also plays a role in the manifestation of rickets a…
Reply to Mays and Brickley, 2023 “Dietary calcium versus vitamin D in rickets: A response to Vlok et al.”
Bulk and amino acid isotope analyses of hair detail adult diets and infant feeding practices among pre- and post-maize populations of the northern Chilean coast of the Atacama Desert
This study investigates diet heterogeneity among Chinchorro and Inca adults and subadults living on the northern Chilean coast of the Atacama Desert before and after the introduction of maize cultivation. This is achieved by amino acid carbon isotope analysis and bulk carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur isotope analysis of 1-cm sequential segments of scalp hair from human remains deposited at the funerary sites of Morro 1 and 1–6 (Archaic Period) and C…
Let's talk about stress, baby! Infant‐feeding practices and stress in the ancient Atacama desert, Northern Chile
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The transition to an agricultural economy is often presumed to involve an increase in female fertility related to changes in weaning practice. In particular, the availability of staple crops as complementary foods is hypothesized to allow earlier weaning in agricultural populations. In this study, our primary aim is to explore whether this model fits the agricultural transition in the Atacama Desert using incremental isotopic…
Macroscopic features of scurvy in human skeletal remains: A literature synthesis and diagnostic guide
The past two decades have seen a proliferation in bioarchaeological literature on the identification of scurvy, a disease caused by chronic vitamin C deficiency, in ancient human remains. This condition is one of the few nutritional deficiencies that can result in diagnostic osseous lesions. Scurvy is associated with low dietary diversity and its identification in human skeletal remains can provide important contextual information on subsistence …
Estudio isotópico del consumo de recursos marítimos y terrestres en la prehistoria del desierto de Atacama
Chungara Revista de Antropologa Chilena Este trabajo explora desde una perspectiva diacrnica la dieta de las poblaciones prehispnicas de la regin de Arica mediante anlisis isotpicos de 13 C y 15 N, con el propsito de evaluar si hubo cambios en los patrones dietarios desde los primeros agricultores (periodo Formativo, 3500-1500 AP) hasta la ocupacin Inka (periodo Tardo, 550-400 AP). En particular, examina el impacto del consumo del maz en esta rea…
Scurvy at the agricultural transition in the Atacama desert (ca 3600–3200 BP): Nutritional stress at the maternal-foetal interface
Studies of contemporary populations have demonstrated an association between decreased dietary diversity due to resource scarcity or underutilization and an increase in diseases related to poor micronutrient intake. With a reduction of dietary diversity, it is often the women and children in a population who are the first to suffer the effects of poor micronutrient status. Scurvy, a disease of prolonged vitamin C deficiency, is a micronutrient ma…
A comparison of using bulk and incremental isotopic analyses to establish weaning practices in the past
The use of incremental carbon and nitrogen isotopic analysis is gaining momentum as a way of establishing infant feeding practices in the past. Here we examine the differences in information gleaned through incremental isotopic techniques applied to individuals, relative to more commonly-used bulk isotopic sampling of a cross-section of a population. We use bulk sampling methods, which use bone collagen isotope values from multiple individuals, t…
High-resolution palaeodietary reconstruction: Amino acid δ13C analysis of keratin from single hairs of mummified human individuals
El Innovativo Legado De Arthur Aufderheide a La Paleopatología
Americanae nace como un proyecto conjunto que surge dentro de la Red Europea de Información y Documentación sobre América Latina (REDIAL), y que ha afrontado la Biblioteca de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID). Esta nueva biblioteca virtual hace más accesibles los libros digitales de tema americanista a los investigadores y usuarios interesados de cualquier parte del mundo
Caracterización Química Y Mineralógica De Los Materiales Grises De Los Cuerpos Chinchorro Modelados
En este trabajo se investiga la composicin qumica y mineralgica de los materiales arcillosos grises utilizados por las poblaciones Chinchorro en la creacin de las llamadas Momias Negras (cuerpos modelados). En particular, se analiza y cuantifica si este tipo de material corresponde a arcilla, cul es su composicin mineralgica y cul es su calidad plstica. Para ello se seleccionaron micromuestras de material gris de relleno de 13 Momias Negras de Ar…
Morphometric and Mtdna Analyses of Archaic Skeletal Remains From Southwestern South America
For decades anthropologists have discussed how and when the Americas were peopled. The prevailing view is that the first Paleoindians, ancestors of the Amerindians, arrived from Asia and Beringia to the American continent using a Pacific coastal route in pre-Clovis times. In this article skeletal remains dated 9000-4000 BP, excavated from archaeological sites in northern, central and southern Chile, were analyzed using geometric morphometric and …
Uso de plantas psicoactivas en el norte de chile: Evidencia química del consumo de ayahuasca durante el Periodo Medio (500–1000 d.C)
Este trabajo discute el uso de plantas psicoactivas en el Valle de Azapa del norte de Chile. Al respecto, en el norte de Chile existen evidencias arqueológicas materiales tempranas e ininterrumpidas relacionadas con prácticas psicoactivas en torno a la Anadenanthera, acompañadas de evidencia química que consigna el consumo de Erythroxylum. En este contexto, se evalúa el consumo de Anadenanthera y Banisteriopsis en el cabello de treinta y dos momi…
Formative Adaptations, Diet, and Oral Health in the Azapa Valley of Northwest Chile
Indicators of oral health were recorded in a sample of 200 Formative period (1500 B.C.-A.D. 500) skeletons from archaeological sites located in the Lower Azapa Valley of northwest Chile. This period represents a major shift in subsistence strategies in the Atacama Desert, as coastal groups adopted agriculture and moved deeper into the valley. Frequencies of caries and antemortem tooth loss were compared between site locations (coast vs. valley) a…
Identification of psychoactive alkaloids in ancient Andean human hair by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
The Bioarchaeological Value of Human Mummies Without Provenience
Thirteen spontaneously (naturally) mummified human bodies with little or no available provenience data were examined by inspection, dissection and tissue chemical analysis. The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that useful anthropological/ archaeological and biomedical information could be derived from bodies even when no reliable provenience for recovered mummies is known. Results of studies on these 13 bodies enabled recognition o…
Influence of cranial deformation on facial morphology among prehistoric South Central Andean populations
Calculating biodistances among South American populations using cranial measurements is often hindered, as many available skeletal collections exhibit deformation. Acknowledging vault modifications, researchers have sought measurements in other regions which are unaffected by deformation. In the 1970s, a set of 10 "relatively" unaffected facial measurements was identified in Argentinean crania that later became the basis of numerous South America…
People of the Coastal Atacama Desert: Living Between Sand Dunes and Waves of the Pacific Ocean
This chapter contains section titled: Introduction The Ecological Setting of the Atacama Desert The Peopling of the Region and Possible Migratory Routes The First Coastal Squatters (11,000-10,000 bp) Gifted Holocene Hunter-Gatherers (10,000-4,000 bp) Social and Ideological Complexity in the Atacama Desert Coast Conclusion References
Archaic Funerary Pattern or Postdepositional Alteration? The Patapatane Burial in the Highlands of South Central Andes
The burial found at Patapatane Cave in the highlands of Arica, northern Chile, yielded an incomplete skeleton of a 20-to-23-year-old female, dating to the end of the Middle Archaic period at 5910 ± 90 B.P. The site is located in a semiarid environment on the eastern side of Sierra de Huaylillas at 3800 m. in the hinterland of Arica, northern Chile. We argue that the missing bones, position of the cranium, and breakage of some elements resulted fr…
Arseniasis as an Environmental Hypothetical Explanation for the Origin of the Oldest Artificial Mummification Practice in the World
This essay explores the idea that arsenic poisoning was the impetus for the origin of the oldest mummification practice in the world. The Chinchorro people artificially mummified fetuses and infants starting 7000 years ago, but we do not know why. The Chinchorro lived in an extremely toxic environment; the Camarones River had arsenic levels up to 1000g/L, which is a hundred times the modern safety level. Chronic exposure to arsenic produces spont…
Differential Mortuary Treatment among the Andean Chinchorro Fishers: Social Inequalities or In Situ Regional Cultural Evolution
Síntesis Y Propuestas Para El Período Arcaico en La Costa Del Extremo Norte De Chile
Se realiza una revisión de los estilos de vida, estrategias de subsistencia y patrones mortuorios de los grupos humanos que habitaron el actual territorio del extremo norte de Chile, entre los 9.000 a 3.500 años a.p. Se propone: (a) ampliar el concepto "chinchorro" para designar no sólo a una práctica mortuoria en particular, sino a un estilo de vida que incluyó rasgos económicos, tecnológicos, mortuorios e ideológicos, que evolucionaron a través…
Patrón Funerario Arcaico O Alteración Postdeposicional: El Enterratorio De Patapatane en Los Andes Centro Sur
Excavaciones practicadas en la cueva Patapatane en la Sierra de Arica, en el área Centro Sur Andina, expusieron un enterratorio datado en 5.910±90 años antes del presente, correspondiente al Período Arcaico Tardío (ca. 6.000-3,500 A.P.). El individuo, una mujer de aproximadamente 20-23 años, presenta evidencias de alteración perimortem antes de la inhumación; ¿Puede ser esto consecuencia de la acción cultural o los efectos de acciones postocupaci…
The Peopling of the Arica Coast During the Preceramic: A Preliminary View
In this paper Chinchorro mobility and ecology will be presented. The research was accomplished as a multidisciplinary effort using surveys of the upper and lower coasts of Arica, excavations of two shell middens, and radiocarbon dating of 21 samples from mummies and middens. The following observations can be drawn from our ongoing study: 1) the peopling of the coast moved along the smooth paths from the upper coastal cordillera rather than the lo…
The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Paleopathology
Chinchorro Bioarchaeology: Chronology and Mummy Seriation
The Chinchorros were a preceramic fishing society that inhabited the Atacama coast of southern Peru and northern Chile from about 7020 to 1110 B. C., and their antiquity is much greater than originally thought. Previous Chinchorro chronologies have focused on seriation of fishing implements; this paper suggests analysis of mummies as another useful chronological tool. The Chinchorro system of artificial mummification, the oldest in the world, beg…
Differential Mortuary Treatment among the Andean Chinchorro Fishers: Social Inequalities or In Situ Regional Cultural Evolution
Macroscopic features of scurvy in human skeletal remains: A literature synthesis and diagnostic guide
The past two decades have seen a proliferation in bioarchaeological literature on the identification of scurvy, a disease caused by chronic vitamin C deficiency, in ancient human remains. This condition is one of the few nutritional deficiencies that can result in diagnostic osseous lesions. Scurvy is associated with low dietary diversity and its identification in human skeletal remains can provide important contextual information on subsistence …
Influence of cranial deformation on facial morphology among prehistoric South Central Andean populations
Calculating biodistances among South American populations using cranial measurements is often hindered, as many available skeletal collections exhibit deformation. Acknowledging vault modifications, researchers have sought measurements in other regions which are unaffected by deformation. In the 1970s, a set of 10 "relatively" unaffected facial measurements was identified in Argentinean crania that later became the basis of numerous South America…
Seronegative spondyloarthropathies and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in ancient northern Chile
Bioarchaeological research of ancient Amerindians was undertaken to test the hypothesis that seronegative spondyloarthropathies (SNS) and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) existed in prehistoric South Americans. An osteological‐radiographic model was developed from clinical literature and systematically applied to 504 archaeological human remains housed at the Universidad de Tarapacá in Arica, Chile, to search for evidence of these …
Archaic Funerary Pattern or Postdepositional Alteration? The Patapatane Burial in the Highlands of South Central Andes
The burial found at Patapatane Cave in the highlands of Arica, northern Chile, yielded an incomplete skeleton of a 20-to-23-year-old female, dating to the end of the Middle Archaic period at 5910 ± 90 B.P. The site is located in a semiarid environment on the eastern side of Sierra de Huaylillas at 3800 m. in the hinterland of Arica, northern Chile. We argue that the missing bones, position of the cranium, and breakage of some elements resulted fr…
Pre‐Columbian tuberculosis in Northern Chile: Molecular and skeletal evidence
Analysis of 483 skeletons from Arica (Chile) and review of mummy dissection records demonstrates an overall 1% prevalence rate for tuberculosis between 2000 B.C. and A.D. 1500. Tuberculosis cases cluster in the period A.D. 500–1000 which correlates with fully agropastoral societies. Considering only these agropastoral societies, about 2% of their members show tuberculosis lesions. A segment of DNA unique to Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identifi…
Formative Adaptations, Diet, and Oral Health in the Azapa Valley of Northwest Chile
Indicators of oral health were recorded in a sample of 200 Formative period (1500 B.C.-A.D. 500) skeletons from archaeological sites located in the Lower Azapa Valley of northwest Chile. This period represents a major shift in subsistence strategies in the Atacama Desert, as coastal groups adopted agriculture and moved deeper into the valley. Frequencies of caries and antemortem tooth loss were compared between site locations (coast vs. valley) a…
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in Meroitic Nubians from Semna South, Sudan
The paleopathological study of human osteological remains from the site of Semna South, of northern Sudan, revealed that about thirteen percent of this ancient Nubian population had diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). As in modern cases, males were more affected than females. Two thousand years ago, ancient Nubian males had the same spinal problems elderly men have today. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Identification of psychoactive alkaloids in ancient Andean human hair by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Beyond Death: The Chinchorro Mummies of Ancient Chile
Uso de plantas psicoactivas en el norte de chile: Evidencia química del consumo de ayahuasca durante el Periodo Medio (500–1000 d.C)
Este trabajo discute el uso de plantas psicoactivas en el Valle de Azapa del norte de Chile. Al respecto, en el norte de Chile existen evidencias arqueológicas materiales tempranas e ininterrumpidas relacionadas con prácticas psicoactivas en torno a la Anadenanthera, acompañadas de evidencia química que consigna el consumo de Erythroxylum. En este contexto, se evalúa el consumo de Anadenanthera y Banisteriopsis en el cabello de treinta y dos momi…
Arseniasis as an Environmental Hypothetical Explanation for the Origin of the Oldest Artificial Mummification Practice in the World
This essay explores the idea that arsenic poisoning was the impetus for the origin of the oldest mummification practice in the world. The Chinchorro people artificially mummified fetuses and infants starting 7000 years ago, but we do not know why. The Chinchorro lived in an extremely toxic environment; the Camarones River had arsenic levels up to 1000g/L, which is a hundred times the modern safety level. Chronic exposure to arsenic produces spont…
Bulk and amino acid isotope analyses of hair detail adult diets and infant feeding practices among pre- and post-maize populations of the northern Chilean coast of the Atacama Desert
This study investigates diet heterogeneity among Chinchorro and Inca adults and subadults living on the northern Chilean coast of the Atacama Desert before and after the introduction of maize cultivation. This is achieved by amino acid carbon isotope analysis and bulk carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur isotope analysis of 1-cm sequential segments of scalp hair from human remains deposited at the funerary sites of Morro 1 and 1–6 (Archaic Period) and C…
Síntesis Y Propuestas Para El Período Arcaico en La Costa Del Extremo Norte De Chile
Se realiza una revisión de los estilos de vida, estrategias de subsistencia y patrones mortuorios de los grupos humanos que habitaron el actual territorio del extremo norte de Chile, entre los 9.000 a 3.500 años a.p. Se propone: (a) ampliar el concepto "chinchorro" para designar no sólo a una práctica mortuoria en particular, sino a un estilo de vida que incluyó rasgos económicos, tecnológicos, mortuorios e ideológicos, que evolucionaron a través…
Seronegative spondyloarthropathies and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in ancient northern Chile
Bioarchaeological research of ancient Amerindians was undertaken to test the hypothesis that seronegative spondyloarthropathies (SNS) and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) existed in prehistoric South Americans. An osteological‐radiographic model was developed from clinical literature and systematically applied to 504 archaeological human remains housed at the Universidad de Tarapacá in Arica, Chile, to search for evidence of these …
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in Meroitic Nubians from Semna South, Sudan
The paleopathological study of human osteological remains from the site of Semna South, of northern Sudan, revealed that about thirteen percent of this ancient Nubian population had diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). As in modern cases, males were more affected than females. Two thousand years ago, ancient Nubian males had the same spinal problems elderly men have today. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Pre‐Columbian tuberculosis in Northern Chile: Molecular and skeletal evidence
Analysis of 483 skeletons from Arica (Chile) and review of mummy dissection records demonstrates an overall 1% prevalence rate for tuberculosis between 2000 B.C. and A.D. 1500. Tuberculosis cases cluster in the period A.D. 500–1000 which correlates with fully agropastoral societies. Considering only these agropastoral societies, about 2% of their members show tuberculosis lesions. A segment of DNA unique to Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identifi…
Chinchorro Bioarchaeology: Chronology and Mummy Seriation
The Chinchorros were a preceramic fishing society that inhabited the Atacama coast of southern Peru and northern Chile from about 7020 to 1110 B. C., and their antiquity is much greater than originally thought. Previous Chinchorro chronologies have focused on seriation of fishing implements; this paper suggests analysis of mummies as another useful chronological tool. The Chinchorro system of artificial mummification, the oldest in the world, beg…
External auditory exostosis in prehistoric Chilean populations: A test of the cold water hypothesis
Spondylolysis in prehistoric human remains from Guam and its possible etiology
This study reports the findings of complete bilateral separation of the neural arch (spondylolysis) in 176 inhumations from the Hyatt Site, Tumon Bay, which is located on the west side of the island of Guam. Skeletons were excavated and analyzed by the Paul H. Rosendahl Inc. (PHRI) team in 1989–1990. The inhumations were associated with the pre-European Latte Period (circa 1,200–1,521 A.D.). This period was characterized by the use of large stone…
Spondylolysis in prehistoric human remains from Guam and its possible etiology
This study reports the findings of complete bilateral separation of the neural arch (spondylolysis) in 176 inhumations from the Hyatt Site, Tumon Bay, which is located on the west side of the island of Guam. Skeletons were excavated and analyzed by the Paul H. Rosendahl Inc. (PHRI) team in 1989-1990. The inhumations were associated with the pre-European Latte Period (circa 1,200-1,521 A.D.). This period was characterized by the use of large stone…
External auditory exostosis in prehistoric Chilean populations: A test of the cold water hypothesis
Over one thousand prehistoric crania (n = 1,149) from northern Chile were analyzed to determine if the presence of external auditory exostosis (EAE) was a type of subsistence-induced pathology, a consequence of habitual fishing in the cold water of the Pacific Ocean, rather than genetically determined. To test this occupational hypothesis, the sample was divided according to chronology, type of economy, site elevation, and sex. The crania came fr…
Beyond Death: The Chinchorro Mummies of Ancient Chile
The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Paleopathology
The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Paleopathology
Trauma in the preceramic coastal populations of northern Chile: Violence or occupational hazards
One hundred and forty-four Chinchorro skeletons, stored at the Museo Arqueol¿ogico San Miguel de Azapa in Arica, Chile, were examined to test the following alternative hypotheses concerning skeletal trauma: either observed trauma was a consequence of interpersonal violence, or was the result of work-related accidents. Trauma found in subadults was rare, with 1.8% (1/55) contrasted with 30% (27/89) in the adult population. The location of most adu…
La Treponematosis (Yaws) en Las Poblaciones Prehispánicas Del Desierto De Atacama (Norte De Chile)
We presents the potential cases of Trepanomatosis found in a study of the prehispanic populations of the Atacama desert in northern Chile. Chronologically, t
Patrón Funerario Arcaico O Alteración Postdeposicional: El Enterratorio De Patapatane en Los Andes Centro Sur
Excavaciones practicadas en la cueva Patapatane en la Sierra de Arica, en el área Centro Sur Andina, expusieron un enterratorio datado en 5.910±90 años antes del presente, correspondiente al Período Arcaico Tardío (ca. 6.000-3,500 A.P.). El individuo, una mujer de aproximadamente 20-23 años, presenta evidencias de alteración perimortem antes de la inhumación; ¿Puede ser esto consecuencia de la acción cultural o los efectos de acciones postocupaci…
The Peopling of the Arica Coast During the Preceramic: A Preliminary View
In this paper Chinchorro mobility and ecology will be presented. The research was accomplished as a multidisciplinary effort using surveys of the upper and lower coasts of Arica, excavations of two shell middens, and radiocarbon dating of 21 samples from mummies and middens. The following observations can be drawn from our ongoing study: 1) the peopling of the coast moved along the smooth paths from the upper coastal cordillera rather than the lo…
Síntesis Y Propuestas Para El Período Arcaico en La Costa Del Extremo Norte De Chile
Se realiza una revisión de los estilos de vida, estrategias de subsistencia y patrones mortuorios de los grupos humanos que habitaron el actual territorio del extremo norte de Chile, entre los 9.000 a 3.500 años a.p. Se propone: (a) ampliar el concepto "chinchorro" para designar no sólo a una práctica mortuoria en particular, sino a un estilo de vida que incluyó rasgos económicos, tecnológicos, mortuorios e ideológicos, que evolucionaron a través…
People of the Coastal Atacama Desert: Living Between Sand Dunes and Waves of the Pacific Ocean
This chapter contains section titled: Introduction The Ecological Setting of the Atacama Desert The Peopling of the Region and Possible Migratory Routes The First Coastal Squatters (11,000-10,000 bp) Gifted Holocene Hunter-Gatherers (10,000-4,000 bp) Social and Ideological Complexity in the Atacama Desert Coast Conclusion References
Archaic Funerary Pattern or Postdepositional Alteration? The Patapatane Burial in the Highlands of South Central Andes
The burial found at Patapatane Cave in the highlands of Arica, northern Chile, yielded an incomplete skeleton of a 20-to-23-year-old female, dating to the end of the Middle Archaic period at 5910 ± 90 B.P. The site is located in a semiarid environment on the eastern side of Sierra de Huaylillas at 3800 m. in the hinterland of Arica, northern Chile. We argue that the missing bones, position of the cranium, and breakage of some elements resulted fr…
Arseniasis as an Environmental Hypothetical Explanation for the Origin of the Oldest Artificial Mummification Practice in the World
This essay explores the idea that arsenic poisoning was the impetus for the origin of the oldest mummification practice in the world. The Chinchorro people artificially mummified fetuses and infants starting 7000 years ago, but we do not know why. The Chinchorro lived in an extremely toxic environment; the Camarones River had arsenic levels up to 1000g/L, which is a hundred times the modern safety level. Chronic exposure to arsenic produces spont…
Differential Mortuary Treatment among the Andean Chinchorro Fishers: Social Inequalities or In Situ Regional Cultural Evolution
Influence of cranial deformation on facial morphology among prehistoric South Central Andean populations
Calculating biodistances among South American populations using cranial measurements is often hindered, as many available skeletal collections exhibit deformation. Acknowledging vault modifications, researchers have sought measurements in other regions which are unaffected by deformation. In the 1970s, a set of 10 "relatively" unaffected facial measurements was identified in Argentinean crania that later became the basis of numerous South America…
Identification of psychoactive alkaloids in ancient Andean human hair by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
The Bioarchaeological Value of Human Mummies Without Provenience
Thirteen spontaneously (naturally) mummified human bodies with little or no available provenience data were examined by inspection, dissection and tissue chemical analysis. The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that useful anthropological/ archaeological and biomedical information could be derived from bodies even when no reliable provenience for recovered mummies is known. Results of studies on these 13 bodies enabled recognition o…
Uso de plantas psicoactivas en el norte de chile: Evidencia química del consumo de ayahuasca durante el Periodo Medio (500–1000 d.C)
Este trabajo discute el uso de plantas psicoactivas en el Valle de Azapa del norte de Chile. Al respecto, en el norte de Chile existen evidencias arqueológicas materiales tempranas e ininterrumpidas relacionadas con prácticas psicoactivas en torno a la Anadenanthera, acompañadas de evidencia química que consigna el consumo de Erythroxylum. En este contexto, se evalúa el consumo de Anadenanthera y Banisteriopsis en el cabello de treinta y dos momi…
Formative Adaptations, Diet, and Oral Health in the Azapa Valley of Northwest Chile
Indicators of oral health were recorded in a sample of 200 Formative period (1500 B.C.-A.D. 500) skeletons from archaeological sites located in the Lower Azapa Valley of northwest Chile. This period represents a major shift in subsistence strategies in the Atacama Desert, as coastal groups adopted agriculture and moved deeper into the valley. Frequencies of caries and antemortem tooth loss were compared between site locations (coast vs. valley) a…
Geography (23 works) · Archaeology (17 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (17 works) · Medicine (12 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (10 works) · Art (10 works) · Biology (10 works) · Humanities (10 works) · Ecology (7 works) · Latin American history and culture (6 works)