Mikko Laitinen
Biographic Data
| ID | 88509 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Mikko Laitinen |
| GIVEN NAMES | Mikko |
| FAMILY NAME | Laitinen |
| SIGNATURE | LAITINEN M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Eastern Finland |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3123-6932 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 14 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 6 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 14 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2002 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Reuse of social media data in corpus linguistics
The use of very large social media datasets in corpus linguistics has obvious benefits. Such data represent a novel source of evidence when compared with structured digital text corpora. However, there is a clear need to assess critically how the effective reuse of data can be handled, how findings can be reproduced, and how results can be generalized. A relevant question concerns the presentation of data to ensure reproducibility and replicabili…
Alternation of must , have to , and need to in English as a lingua franca
This study explores the grammatical variability of modal auxiliary verbs in English as a lingua franca. Focusing on the ongoing change must , have to , and need to , this research utilizes two spoken corpora: the Vienna–Oxford International Corpus of English (VOICE) and the Asian Corpus of English (ACE). A total of 4487 tokens of must , have to , and need to were analyzed using Bayesian mixed‐effects multinomial regression models. The findings re…
Do we swear more with friends or with acquaintances? F#ck in social networks
We investigate the uses of fuck in digital social networks from social media, Twitter/X in this case. Social media outlets have so far been predominantly treated as massive text collections, but they can be effectively used to investigate the role of social networks in shaping human communication. We use user-generated texts from 5,660 social networks (with 435,345 users and 7.8 billion words) from three settings (UK, US, and Australia). With emb…
English in Finland: Story, Status, and Sociolinguistic Role
English is an important but much-debated language in Finland. Extensive research shows that it serves as a useful linguistic resource in many contexts and poses little threat to Finland's domestic languages. We identify several areas for further fruitful research
Individual Sensitivity to Change in the Lingua Franca Use of English
The study of ongoing change in English typically focuses on studying evidence from codified varieties of the language. Recent corpus studies show, however, that advanced non-native users of English may display heightened sensitivity to features undergoing frequency shifts similar to that experienced by native speakers. In addition, most studies aiming to detect patterns of linguistic regularity utilize large data sets that attempt to minimize the…
Actually in Nordic tweets
‘Native-like’ use of discourse markers is a good indicator of language proficiency. Analysing four subcorpora of English-language tweets posted by Twitter users from the Nordic countries of Finland, Norway, and Sweden, this study considers the effects of discursive context and L1 influence on the correlation between semantic function and sentence position of the discourse marker actually. The study shows that both predictors appear to have a sign…
Twitter trolls: A linguistic profile of anti-democratic discourse
Empirical perspectives on English as a lingua franca (ELF) grammar
This article focuses on grammatical variation in English as a lingua franca (ELF). Calling for more systematic corpus studies, it presents three empirical perspectives that broaden and deepen the study of grammatical variability in ELF. These approaches focus on tracing how ongoing grammatical change in core and emergent modal auxiliaries is adopted in ELF. The empirical evidence is drawn from various ELF corpora that cover multiple genres. Utili…
Dossena, Marina: Transatlantic Perspectives on Late Modern English
Kilometres by Bicycle: Observations of English in urban and rural Finland
This article discusses selected observations of English usage in signage in Finland, a Nordic nation in which the significance of English has become more pronounced in recent decades. The background for this study comes from a large quantitative survey, carried out in 2007, charting the role of English in the Finnish society. One of the topic areas in this survey deals with people's encounters with English and its visibility in their daily life, …
Sociolinguistics in Finland: A brief overview of the discipline
Describing ‘orderly differentiation’: Compiling the Corpus of English in Finland
Reporting on a new research project describing and analysing English in Finland in the early twenty-first century. In a recent article, Taavitsainen and Pahta (2008) conclude that English in today's Finland has entered a new phase in which it is increasingly used alongside the country's national languages (also McArthur, 2002; Graddol, 2006). The new uses, they suggest, constitute a new form of second language in which English is used (a) as a li…
Sociolinguistic patterns in grammaticalization: He, they , and those in human indefinite reference
Sociolinguistic patterns in language change are largely based on generalizations from linguistic variables consisting of lexemes or morphemes. This article takes a diachronic, corpus-based approach to the diffusion of a change in a more extensive morphosemantic function consisting of several linguistic subsystems. It focuses on the pronoun variants he, they , and those used for human indefiniteness in two contexts: (a) epicene anaphoric uses with…
HE and THEY in indefinite anaphora in written present-day English
This article explores the usage of singular HE and plural THEY with their possessive, objective and reflexive forms in anaphoric reference to compound indefinite pronouns in written present-day English. Previous studies have indicated that the most commonly used personal pronouns in anaphoric reference to non-referential indefinite pronouns are indeed HE and THEY. The data for the study are drawn from the written part of the British National Corp…
HE and THEY in indefinite anaphora in written present-day English
This article explores the usage of singular HE and plural THEY with their possessive, objective and reflexive forms in anaphoric reference to compound indefinite pronouns in written present-day English. Previous studies have indicated that the most commonly used personal pronouns in anaphoric reference to non-referential indefinite pronouns are indeed HE and THEY. The data for the study are drawn from the written part of the British National Corp…
Actually in Nordic tweets
‘Native-like’ use of discourse markers is a good indicator of language proficiency. Analysing four subcorpora of English-language tweets posted by Twitter users from the Nordic countries of Finland, Norway, and Sweden, this study considers the effects of discursive context and L1 influence on the correlation between semantic function and sentence position of the discourse marker actually. The study shows that both predictors appear to have a sign…
Empirical perspectives on English as a lingua franca (ELF) grammar
This article focuses on grammatical variation in English as a lingua franca (ELF). Calling for more systematic corpus studies, it presents three empirical perspectives that broaden and deepen the study of grammatical variability in ELF. These approaches focus on tracing how ongoing grammatical change in core and emergent modal auxiliaries is adopted in ELF. The empirical evidence is drawn from various ELF corpora that cover multiple genres. Utili…
Kilometres by Bicycle: Observations of English in urban and rural Finland
This article discusses selected observations of English usage in signage in Finland, a Nordic nation in which the significance of English has become more pronounced in recent decades. The background for this study comes from a large quantitative survey, carried out in 2007, charting the role of English in the Finnish society. One of the topic areas in this survey deals with people's encounters with English and its visibility in their daily life, …
Sociolinguistic patterns in grammaticalization: He, they , and those in human indefinite reference
Sociolinguistic patterns in language change are largely based on generalizations from linguistic variables consisting of lexemes or morphemes. This article takes a diachronic, corpus-based approach to the diffusion of a change in a more extensive morphosemantic function consisting of several linguistic subsystems. It focuses on the pronoun variants he, they , and those used for human indefiniteness in two contexts: (a) epicene anaphoric uses with…
HE and THEY in indefinite anaphora in written present-day English
This article explores the usage of singular HE and plural THEY with their possessive, objective and reflexive forms in anaphoric reference to compound indefinite pronouns in written present-day English. Previous studies have indicated that the most commonly used personal pronouns in anaphoric reference to non-referential indefinite pronouns are indeed HE and THEY. The data for the study are drawn from the written part of the British National Corp…
Sociolinguistic patterns in grammaticalization: He, they , and those in human indefinite reference
Sociolinguistic patterns in language change are largely based on generalizations from linguistic variables consisting of lexemes or morphemes. This article takes a diachronic, corpus-based approach to the diffusion of a change in a more extensive morphosemantic function consisting of several linguistic subsystems. It focuses on the pronoun variants he, they , and those used for human indefiniteness in two contexts: (a) epicene anaphoric uses with…
Describing ‘orderly differentiation’: Compiling the Corpus of English in Finland
Reporting on a new research project describing and analysing English in Finland in the early twenty-first century. In a recent article, Taavitsainen and Pahta (2008) conclude that English in today's Finland has entered a new phase in which it is increasingly used alongside the country's national languages (also McArthur, 2002; Graddol, 2006). The new uses, they suggest, constitute a new form of second language in which English is used (a) as a li…
Sociolinguistics in Finland: A brief overview of the discipline
Kilometres by Bicycle: Observations of English in urban and rural Finland
This article discusses selected observations of English usage in signage in Finland, a Nordic nation in which the significance of English has become more pronounced in recent decades. The background for this study comes from a large quantitative survey, carried out in 2007, charting the role of English in the Finnish society. One of the topic areas in this survey deals with people's encounters with English and its visibility in their daily life, …
Dossena, Marina: Transatlantic Perspectives on Late Modern English
Twitter trolls: A linguistic profile of anti-democratic discourse
Empirical perspectives on English as a lingua franca (ELF) grammar
This article focuses on grammatical variation in English as a lingua franca (ELF). Calling for more systematic corpus studies, it presents three empirical perspectives that broaden and deepen the study of grammatical variability in ELF. These approaches focus on tracing how ongoing grammatical change in core and emergent modal auxiliaries is adopted in ELF. The empirical evidence is drawn from various ELF corpora that cover multiple genres. Utili…
Actually in Nordic tweets
‘Native-like’ use of discourse markers is a good indicator of language proficiency. Analysing four subcorpora of English-language tweets posted by Twitter users from the Nordic countries of Finland, Norway, and Sweden, this study considers the effects of discursive context and L1 influence on the correlation between semantic function and sentence position of the discourse marker actually. The study shows that both predictors appear to have a sign…
Individual Sensitivity to Change in the Lingua Franca Use of English
The study of ongoing change in English typically focuses on studying evidence from codified varieties of the language. Recent corpus studies show, however, that advanced non-native users of English may display heightened sensitivity to features undergoing frequency shifts similar to that experienced by native speakers. In addition, most studies aiming to detect patterns of linguistic regularity utilize large data sets that attempt to minimize the…
Reuse of social media data in corpus linguistics
The use of very large social media datasets in corpus linguistics has obvious benefits. Such data represent a novel source of evidence when compared with structured digital text corpora. However, there is a clear need to assess critically how the effective reuse of data can be handled, how findings can be reproduced, and how results can be generalized. A relevant question concerns the presentation of data to ensure reproducibility and replicabili…
Alternation of must , have to , and need to in English as a lingua franca
This study explores the grammatical variability of modal auxiliary verbs in English as a lingua franca. Focusing on the ongoing change must , have to , and need to , this research utilizes two spoken corpora: the Vienna–Oxford International Corpus of English (VOICE) and the Asian Corpus of English (ACE). A total of 4487 tokens of must , have to , and need to were analyzed using Bayesian mixed‐effects multinomial regression models. The findings re…
Do we swear more with friends or with acquaintances? F#ck in social networks
We investigate the uses of fuck in digital social networks from social media, Twitter/X in this case. Social media outlets have so far been predominantly treated as massive text collections, but they can be effectively used to investigate the role of social networks in shaping human communication. We use user-generated texts from 5,660 social networks (with 435,345 users and 7.8 billion words) from three settings (UK, US, and Australia). With emb…
English in Finland: Story, Status, and Sociolinguistic Role
English is an important but much-debated language in Finland. Extensive research shows that it serves as a useful linguistic resource in many contexts and poses little threat to Finland's domestic languages. We identify several areas for further fruitful research
Linguistics (11 works) · Sociology (8 works) · Computer Science (7 works) · Linguistic Variation and Morphology (6 works) · Philosophy (6 works) · Philosophy (5 works) · Artificial Intelligence (4 works) · English as a lingua franca (4 works) · History (4 works) · Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies (4 works)