Carlos Corvalán
Biographic Data
| ID | 886907 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Carlos Corvalán |
| GIVEN NAMES | Carlos |
| FAMILY NAME | Corvalán |
| SIGNATURE | CORVALÁN C |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Chile |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3766-7709 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 57 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 48 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 57 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2004 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Food additives in Latin America: A descriptive analysis of the packaged food supply in five countries
BACKGROUND: Latin America is distinguished by diverse regulatory frameworks and evolving dietary patterns, including the weakening of traditional diets and the increasing consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs). Predominantly produced by transnational corporations, UPFs rely heavily on food additives to achieve desirable sensory properties (e.g., flavor, color), ensure food safety, and extend shelf life. Over the past decade, research has inc…
Sustainable Food System Chapters in Trade and Investment Agreements: Lessons on Policy Innovation
The need to adapt existing global policy instruments to achieve sustainable development objectives is increasingly recognised worldwide. Responding to the global need to help countries progress towards transforming food systems, the EU proposed, negotiated and agreed to adopt a chapter dedicated to Sustainable Food Systems in its free trade agreement with New Zealand and its advanced framework agreement with Chile. This study aimed to identify th…
Potential actions for preventing high consumption of Non-Nutritive Sweeteners among Chilean children and adolescents: Recommendations from a panel of relevant actors
Objective: To provide local policymakers with a guideline of potential actions to prevent the high consumption of Non-Nutritive Sweeteners (NNS) among children and adolescents observed in Chile, given the potential health problems related to NNS intake. Design: The Delphi method was used for the evaluation of twenty-one recommendations to decrease the intake of NNS in paediatric population, with the participation of a panel of relevant actors. Se…
Beverage industry TV advertising shifts after a stepwise mandatory food marketing restriction: Achievements and challenges with regulating the food marketing environment
Objective: Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) are heavily advertised globally, and SSB consumption is linked to increased health risk. To reduce unhealthy food marketing, Chile implemented a regulation for products classified as high in energies, sugar, saturated fat or sodium, starting with a 2016 ban on child-targeted advertising of these products and adding a 06.00–22.00 daytime advertising ban in 2019. This study assesses changes in television a…
Sociodemographic differences in nutrition labels effect on Chilean and Mexican youth
Objective. To examine sociodemographic differences in the awareness, understanding, use and effect of nutrition labels among Mexican and Chilean youth. Methods. Online surveys among youth (10-17 years) were obtained in 2019 (n=2631). Participants reported their awareness, understanding, and use of their country-specific nutrition facts tables (NFT) and front-of-pack labels (FOPL) (Chile: warning labels [WLs]; Mexico: guideline daily amounts [GDA]…
Food Industry Compliance With the Display of Front-of-Package Warning Labels at the Final Phase (2020) of Chile’s Labeling and Advertising Law
Objectives. To investigate food industry compliance with the display of front-of-package warning labels (FOPLs) on products that exceed regulatory thresholds for being high in calories, added sugars, sodium, or saturated fats after full implementation of Chile’s Food Labeling and Advertising Law. Methods. In 2020, trained dietitians took pictures of nutritional information and FOPLs on packaged products in supermarkets. We categorized foods and b…
How are intra-household dynamics, gender roles and time availability related to food access and children's diet quality during the Covid-19 lockdown
Lower adherence to a prudent dietary pattern is associated with earlier age at menarche in adolescents from the Growth and Obesity Chilean Cohort Study
Introduction: Early menarche is associated with obesity, and metabolic and mental health risks, among other diseases. Thus, it is relevant to identify modifiable risk factors of early menarche. Some nutrients and foods have been linked to pubertal timing, but how menarche relates to overall dietary patterns is unclear. Methods: The aim of this study was to analyze the association between dietary patterns and age at menarche in a prospective cohor…
Food access, domestic environments, and dietary quality of low-middle income Chilean children during the Covid-19 pandemic
Introduction Food access is associated with dietary quality; however, people living in similar physical environments can have different food access profiles. Domestic environments may also influence how food access relates to dietary quality. We studied food access profiles of 999 low-middle income Chilean families with children during the COVID-19 lockdown and how these profiles relate to dietary quality; secondarily, we also explore the role of…
Evolution of food and beverage prices after the front-of-package labelling regulations in Chile
INTRODUCTION: This study assesses the impact on prices of the 2016 Chilean comprehensive food policy package, centred around front-of-package warning labels for food and beverages high in saturated fats, sugars, calories and/or salt, on food and beverage prices, labelled or not. METHODS: Data from Kantar WorldPanel Chile, from January 2014 to December 2017, were used. The methodology implemented was interrupted time series analyses with a control…
Framing a New Nutrition Policy: Changes on Key Stakeholder’s Discourses throughout the Implementation of the Chilean Food Labelling Law
The global implementation of structural policies to tackle obesity has been slow, likely because of the competing interests of governments and the food industry. We used the discussion of the Chilean Food Labeling Law to identify influential stakeholders in the media and their frames during different periods of the law's implementation. This involved a content analysis of the food regulation media coverage in five key periods from 2007, when the …
Ultra-processed food consumption is associated with variations in daily routines in elementary schoolchildren during the Covid-19 pandemic in Chile
Objective: To assess the association between child ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and home-school learning environment characteristics during school closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic in schoolchildren with low- and middle income in Chile. Design: Cross-sectional. UPF consumption was collected using the Nova screener. We apply the structured days hypothesis (SDH) to assess home-school learning environment characteristics with three con…
The Chilean Maternal-Infant Cohort Study-II in the Covid-19 Era: A Study Protocol
Background: Pregnancy is a critical developmental window in which optimal maternal nutrition and health are key for pregnancy and infant development. The COVID-19 pandemic is considered as a "natural experiment" in which maternal and infant nutrition and health challenges were faced especially in developing countries. Therefore, understanding the health consequences for mothers and infants living in the COVID-19 era is key to revisit public healt…
Misreporting of Energy Intake Is Related to Specific Food Items in Low-Middle Income Chilean Adolescents
A high frequency of UnR among boys and participants with excess weight was found in this study. Healthy and unhealthy foods are reported differently between UnRs and OvRs of energy intake, indicating that bias is specific for some food items that adolescents commonly eat
Why Don’t You [Government] Help Us Make Healthier Foods More Affordable Instead of Bombarding Us with Labels? Maternal Knowledge, Perceptions, and Practices after Full Implementation of the Chilean Fo…
Experimental and real-life evaluations show that the use of front-of-package warning labels (FoP) in unhealthy foods is well understood and can modify people's behaviors. However, it is unclear whether these effects remain in the long term because of the risk of message fatigue. The purpose of this study is to explore after four years of implementation of the Chilean Food Labelling law people's dietary behavior and FoP labels attention. Nine focu…
Television viewing and using screens while eating: Associations with dietary intake in children and adolescents
Changes in food purchases after the Chilean policies on food labelling, marketing, and sales in schools: A before and after study
BACKGROUND: In 2016, Chile implemented a unique law mandating front-of-package warning labels, restricting marketing, and banning school sales for products high in calories, sodium, sugar, or saturated fat. We aimed to examine changes in the calorie, sugar, sodium, and saturated fat content of food and beverage purchases after the first phase of implementation of this law. METHODS: This before and after study used longitudinal data on food and be…
Towards unified and impactful policies to reduce ultra-processed food consumption and promote healthier eating
Global Mental Health and Nutrition: Moving Toward a Convergent Research Agenda
Both malnutrition and poor mental health are leading sources of global mortality, disease, and disability. The fields of global food security and nutrition (FSN) and mental health have historically been seen as separate fields of research. Each have undergone substantial transformation, especially from clinical, primary care orientations to wider, sociopolitical approaches to achieve Sustainable Development Goals. In recent years, the trajectorie…
Children’s Perceptions about Environmental Sustainability, Food, and Nutrition in Chile: A Qualitative Study
Food is inextricably linked to human health and environmental sustainability; however, very little is known about children's perceptions of the concept of sustainability in the context of food choices. We aimed to explore the perceptions of Chilean schoolchildren about environmental sustainability, food, and nutrition. Eight online focus groups were conducted with boys and girls aged 8-9 ( n = 30). Questions related to environmental sustainabilit…
Ultra-processed foods drive to unhealthy diets: Evidence from Chile
Objectives: To assess the consumption of ultra-processed foods and its association with the overall dietary content of nutrients related to non-communicable diseases (NCD) in the Chilean diet and to estimate the population attributable fraction of ultra-processed food consumption on the unhealthy nutrient content. Design: Cross-sectional analysis of dietary data collected through a national survey (2010). Setting: Chile. Participants: Chilean pop…
Dynamics of the double burden of malnutrition and the changing nutrition reality
An evaluation of Chile’s Law of Food Labeling and Advertising on sugar-sweetened beverage purchases from 2015 to 2017: A before-and-after study
BACKGROUND: Chile's Law of Food Labeling and Advertising, implemented in 2016, was the first national regulation to jointly mandate front-of-package warning labels, restrict child-directed marketing, and ban sales in schools of all foods and beverages containing added sugars, sodium, or saturated fats that exceed set nutrient or calorie thresholds. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of this package of policies on household beve…
Academically Oriented Activity Breaks for First-Grade Chilean Students: Development and Pilot Testing Effectiveness
We developed and pilot tested the effectiveness of a physically active academic program, Active Breaks (AB), whose objective is to increase school time moderate/vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among first graders, through daily 15-minute bouts of MVPA, at the beginning of the first lesson. Initially, 240 cards including one game each were developed and tested in first-grade students from 16 schools in Santiago. Trained observers and school teac…
Food industry political practices in Chile: “The Economy Has Always Been the Main Concern”
BACKGROUND: In the business literature, the term "corporate political activity" (CPA) refers to the political strategies undertaken by corporations to protect or expend their markets, by influencing, directly or indirectly, the policy process. There is evidence that food industry actors use such political practices, which poses a significant threat to public health. Our study objective was to identify the political practices of the food industry …
Urban Environmental Health Hazards and Health Equity
This paper outlines briefly how the living environment can affect health. It explains the links between social and environmental determinants of health in urban settings. Interventions to improve health equity through the environment include actions and policies that deal with proximal risk factors in deprived urban areas, such as safe drinking water supply, reduced air pollution from household cooking and heating as well as from vehicles and ind…
Climate Change and Developing-Country Cities: Implications For Environmental Health and Equity
Climate change is an emerging threat to global public health. It is also highly inequitable, as the greatest risks are to the poorest populations, who have contributed least to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The rapid economic development and the concurrent urbanization of poorer countries mean that developing-country cities will be both vulnerable to health hazards from climate change and, simultaneously, an increasing contributor to the proble…
Roundtable on Urban Living Environment Research (Ruler)
Saúde ambiental na América Latina e no Caribe: Numa Encruzilhada
É inegável que a discussão sobre saúde, meio ambiente e desenvolvimento sustentável tem progredido muito em décadas recentes. Contudo, ganhos globais não têm sido distribuídos de maneira uniforme, deixando grandes grupos populacionais excluídos, com conseqüências negativas à saúde. Também estamos começando a reconhecer problemas globais emergentes que causam impactos locais significativos, principalmente em populações pobres, tanto em áreas rurai…
Television viewing and using screens while eating: Associations with dietary intake in children and adolescents
Socioeconomic Risk Factors for Asthma in Chilean Young Adults
Objectives. We studied the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and asthma symptoms, severity of asthma, atopy, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) to methacholine. Methods. We studied 1232 men and women born between 1974 and 1978 in a semirural area of Chile. We assessed asthma symptoms with a standardized questionnaire, atopy with a skin-prick test to 8 allergens, and BHR to methacholine with the tidal breathing method. SES was de…
How are intra-household dynamics, gender roles and time availability related to food access and children's diet quality during the Covid-19 lockdown
Food Advertising on Television Before and After a National Unhealthy Food Marketing Regulation in Chile, 2016–2017
Objectives. To study changes in food advertising on television after Chile’s food marketing restriction was implemented in June 2016. Methods. Food advertisements shown between 6 am and 12 am on the 4 primary broadcast and 4 cable channels with the largest Chilean youth audiences during 2 random weeks in April and May 2016 and 2017 were analyzed for product nutrition and child-directed marketing. Results. The percentage of ads for foods high in e…
Health Aspects of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
Focusing on the Future through the Looking Glass: Building Scenarios of Health and Environment
Socioeconomic Risk Factors for Asthma in Chilean Young Adults
Objectives. We studied the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and asthma symptoms, severity of asthma, atopy, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) to methacholine. Methods. We studied 1232 men and women born between 1974 and 1978 in a semirural area of Chile. We assessed asthma symptoms with a standardized questionnaire, atopy with a skin-prick test to 8 allergens, and BHR to methacholine with the tidal breathing method. SES was de…
Climate change and human health: Impacts, vulnerability, and mitigation
Climate change and human health: Impacts, vulnerability and public health
Public Health Emergency on Planet Earth: Insights from the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
Climate Change-related Health Impacts in the Hindu Kush–Himalayas
Climate Change and Developing-Country Cities: Implications For Environmental Health and Equity
Climate change is an emerging threat to global public health. It is also highly inequitable, as the greatest risks are to the poorest populations, who have contributed least to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The rapid economic development and the concurrent urbanization of poorer countries mean that developing-country cities will be both vulnerable to health hazards from climate change and, simultaneously, an increasing contributor to the proble…
Urban Environmental Health Hazards and Health Equity
This paper outlines briefly how the living environment can affect health. It explains the links between social and environmental determinants of health in urban settings. Interventions to improve health equity through the environment include actions and policies that deal with proximal risk factors in deprived urban areas, such as safe drinking water supply, reduced air pollution from household cooking and heating as well as from vehicles and ind…
Saúde ambiental na América Latina e no Caribe: Numa Encruzilhada
É inegável que a discussão sobre saúde, meio ambiente e desenvolvimento sustentável tem progredido muito em décadas recentes. Contudo, ganhos globais não têm sido distribuídos de maneira uniforme, deixando grandes grupos populacionais excluídos, com conseqüências negativas à saúde. Também estamos começando a reconhecer problemas globais emergentes que causam impactos locais significativos, principalmente em populações pobres, tanto em áreas rurai…
Global environmental change and health: Impacts, inequalities, and the health sector
Human pressures on the environment are damaging the world’s biophysical and ecological systems. A J McMichael and colleagues discuss the resulting unequal effects on health and set out strategies to help prevent and lessen the harm
Detection of cardio-metabolic risk by BMI and waist circumference among a population of Guatemalan adults
Background BMI and waist circumference (WC) are used to screen for cardio-metabolic risk; however it is unclear how well these indices perform in populations subject to childhood stunting. Objectives To evaluate BMI and WC as indicators of cardio-metabolic risk and to determine optimal cut-off points among 1325 Guatemalan adults (44 % stunted: ≤150 cm women; ≤162 cm men). Methods Cardio-metabolic risk factors were systolic/diastolic blood pressur…
Roundtable on Urban Living Environment Research (Ruler)
P2-95 Obesity increases 28% in 3 years in premenopausal low-income Chilean women independently of body size misperception
Introduction How body image perception (BIP) influences changes in Body Mass Index (BMI) in adult women has not been evaluated. Objective To assess BMI-changes over a 3-year period and their relationship with BIP in a Chilean women population-based cohort. Methods Weight and height were measured at baseline (32.0±7.0 y) and at follow-up in 510 women participants in the GOCS study. BMI was used to classify women in normal (≤25 kg/m 2 ), overweight…
Risk factors during the prenatal period and the first year of life associated with overweight in 7‐year‐old low‐income C hilean children
The objective of this study was to identify in low-income Chilean children with normal birthweight which factors occurring during the prenatal period and the first year are associated with overweight (OW)/obesity at 7 years. The sample included 652 7-year-olds from a larger cohort study. We collected anthropometric data at 0, 12 and 84 months, maternal pre-pregnancy and pregnancy characteristics, early feeding practices, number of siblings, birth…
Determinants of Cognitive Development of Low SES Children in Chile: A Post-transitional Country with Rising Childhood Obesity Rates
Saúde ambiental e desigualdades: Construindo indicadores para o desenvolvimento sustentável
O Brasil, mesmo com os avanços nos indicadores socioeconômicos ainda se apresenta desigual, situação fruto de um desenvolvimento historicamente excludente. Foi escolhido o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH) e indicadores sociais, econômicos, ambientais e de saúde para exemplificar essa problemática. Foram selecionados os municípios que apresentavam mais baixos IDHs no ano de 2000 e comparada sua evolução temporal entre 2000 e 2010 por meio de…
Structural responses to the obesity and non‐communicable diseases epidemic: The C hilean L aw of F ood L abeling and A dvertising
In 12 J uly 2012, the C hilean S enate approved the L aw of F ood L abeling and A dvertising, resulting from the joint efforts of a group of health professionals, researchers and legislators who proposed a regulatory framework in support of healthy diets and active living. Its goal was to curb the ongoing epidemic increase of obesity and non‐communicable diseases. Two actions included: (i) improving point of food purchase consumer information by …
From Manaus to Maputo: Toward a Public Health and Biodiversity Framework
The linkages between human health, biodiversity, ecosystems, and the life-supporting services that they provide are varied and complex. The traditional neglect of this nexus by policy-makers perpetuates threats posed to ecosystems with potentially critical impacts on global health. The Convention on Biological Diversity and the World Health Organization recently co-convened two regional workshops on these intricate but vital linkages. From discus…
Climate Services to Improve Public Health
A high level expert panel discussed how climate and health services could best collaborate to improve public health. This was on the agenda of the recent Third International Climate Services Conference, held in Montego Bay, Jamaica, 4-6 December 2013. Issues and challenges concerning a demand led approach to serve the health sector needs, were identified and analysed. Important recommendations emerged to ensure that innovative collaboration betwe…
Managing the Health Impacts of Drought in Brazil
Drought is often a hidden risk with the potential to become a silent public health disaster. It is difficult to define precisely when it starts or when it is over, and although it is a climatological event, its impacts depend on other human activities, and are intensified by social vulnerability. In Brazil, half of all natural disaster events are drought related, and they cause half of the impacts in number of affected persons. One large affected…
Desastres naturais e saúde: Uma análise da situação do Brasil
Os desastres naturais ainda são pouco pesquisados e compreendidos no âmbito da Saúde Coletiva no país, com impactos do curto ao longo prazos. O objetivo deste artigo é, a partir de dados sobre desastres registrados no país, analisar a inter-relação entre esses eventos e seus impactos sobre a saúde. A metodologia envolveu a sistematização de dados e informações contidos no Atlas Brasileiro dos Desastres Naturais 1991-2010 e diretamente na Secretár…
Alarming weight gain in women of a post-transitional country
Objective In post-transitional countries, obesity disproportionally affects women. Longitudinal studies can detect high-risk groups in whom to target actions. We investigated the magnitude and velocity of BMI changes in Chilean women of reproductive age and evaluated whether these trends vary in specific groups. Design Longitudinal study. We measured weight and height in 2007 (baseline) and again in 2010 (follow-up); we estimated change in BMI (w…
Medindo o invisível: Análise dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável em populações expostas à seca
O Brasil, juntamente com todos os países membros das Nações Unidas, está num processo de adoção de um conjunto de Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, incluindo metas e indicadores. Este artigo considera as implicações desses objetivos e metas propostos, para a região do semiárido do Brasil, região que apresenta secas recorrentes e que pode ser agravada com as mudanças climáticas, piorando a situação de acesso à quantidade e qualidade da águ…
Prevalence of child-directed and general audience marketing strategies on the front of beverage packaging: The case of Chile
Objective Front-of-package (FOP) marketing strategies of a wide variety of beverages were catalogued to examine the prevalence of each strategy prior to a sweeping Chilean restriction of child-directed marketing aimed at reducing obesity-related disease among Chile’s youth. Design Photographs of 1005 beverage packages were quantitatively content-analysed to code whether a variety of child-directed, health-oriented and other marketing strategies (…
Medicine (48 works) · Environmental health (38 works) · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet (25 works) · Business (24 works) · Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling (22 works) · Economics (18 works) · Geography (18 works) · Obesity (16 works) · Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology (15 works) · Political science (15 works)