Ghayda Hassan
Biographic Data
| ID | 89680 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Ghayda Hassan |
| GIVEN NAMES | Ghayda |
| FAMILY NAME | Hassan |
| SIGNATURE | HASSAN G |
| AFFILIATIONS | Université du Québec à Montréal |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4142-1085 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 31 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 126 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 31 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
It happens more than once: Understanding Canadian university students’ experiences of hate, online and offline
Since 2020, and heightened during the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a spike in reports of hate-motivated activity within universities across Canada. However, the experiences of hate by university students continue to remain under-researched and underdeveloped in Canada. This article presents findings from a Canada-wide survey conducted on the experiences Canadian university students have with hate-motivated activity within in-person and onlin…
I Could Practice Flirting Without Pressure”: A Proof-of-Concept Study of an AI Chatbot-Assisted Intervention for Men Facing Distressing Involuntary Singlehood
How Rigorous are Evaluations of Violent Extremism Prevention Programs? Results from a Systematic Methodological Review
Discrimination and Social Exclusion of People Experiencing Mental Disorders in Burkina Faso: A Socio-anthropological Study
La maladie mentale et la folie: Représentations sociales des troubles de santé mentale à Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)
Cumulative Contexts of Vulnerability to Intimate Partner Violence Among Women With Disabilities, Elderly Women, and Immigrant Women: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Explanatory Theories, and Prevention
Some groups of women are more vulnerable to intimate partner violence (IPV) due to particular risks and/or experiences: women with disabilities, elderly women, and immigrant women (DEI). Too often, their reality goes unnoticed, especially for those belonging to more than one of these groups. In this literature review, researchers used an intersectional approach to document the similarities and differences in how DEI women experience IPV, in terms…
Collective identity, social adversity and college student sympathy for violent radicalization
Identity issues have been at the forefront in studies on determinants of youth violent radicalization. Identity uncertainty and identity fusion appear to be associated with quests for meaning, which may find some answers in extremist discourses and radical engagements. This process has been considered to be particularly important for second-generation migrants who have to negotiate multiple identities, sometimes in situations of social adversity.…
Critères d’admissibilité aux Sippe: Le point de vue d’intervenantes quant à leur pertinence pour identifier les mères immigrantes ou réfugiées vulnérables
Le programme de Services intégrés en périnatalité et pour la petite enfance (SIPPE) offre une intervention précoce et intensive qui cible les facteurs de risque et promeut les facteurs de protection chez les enfants d’âge préscolaire et leurs familles. À ce jour, aucune étude n’a évalué la pertinence des critères d’admissibilité au programme pour la clientèle immigrante. La présente étude explore donc la capacité des critères d’admissibilité à id…
A repeated cross-sectional study of sympathy for violent radicalization in Canadian college students
702) indicate that although overall scores on the SVR scale remained stable, there were changes in the association between age, identity, and the outcome at the two time points. Specifically, scores on the SVR were significantly higher among younger students in 2017 than in 2015. In addition, in 2017 we observed a relationship between collective identity and SVR that was not present in 2015. These results align with other recent studies in Canada…
I know what a Muslim really is”: How political context predisposes the perceived need for an objective Muslim identity
This article explores the process by which Western Muslim young adults develop the need to experience an ‘objective’ religious identity. We interviewed 20 Western Muslim young adults born in Montreal, Berlin, and Copenhagen within the age range of 18–25, exploring their religious identity development. The interviews were semi-structured and open-ended. Thematic content analysis was used to explore patterns in their narratives. The participants di…
Le milieu scolaire québécois face aux défis de l’accueil des élèves réfugiés: Quels Enjeux Pour La Gouvernance Scolaire Et La Formation Des Intervenants Scolaires
En 2015 et en 2016, le Québec accueille plus de 7 583 réfugiés syriens. À la suite de cette arrivée importante, plusieurs écoles se mobilisent pour faciliter l’accueil des nouveaux élèves. Dans ce contexte psychosocial particulier et grâce à une subvention du Conseil de recherches en sciences humaines du Canada, nous menons une recherche-action intitulée Favoriser l’intégration sociale et scolaire des élèves réfugiés syriens en développant leur s…
Second-generation Western Muslims: A qualitative analysis of multiple social identities
The relationships between social identities are important when discussing the national and religious identities of Muslims in Western contexts. This study explored the identity narratives of second-generation Muslim young adults to consider the relevance of bicultural identity and acculturation theories commonly employed in research with this group. The sample comprised 20 Muslim young adults of diverse ethnicities and backgrounds from Montreal, …
Impact of the Charter of Quebec Values on psychological well-being of francophone university students
This paper discusses results from a pilot study conducted in the spring of 2014 among young adults living in Montreal. The main objective of this study was to assess the relation between perception of the Charter of Quebec Values, 1 self-identification, perception of intercommunity relations, perceived discrimination, and psychological well-being in young students enrolled in undergraduate or graduate programs of a francophone university in Montr…
Exposure to Extremist Online Content Could Lead to Violent Radicalization: A Systematic Review of Empirical Evidence
The main objective of this systematic review is to synthesize the empirical evidence on how the Internet and social media may, or may not, constitute spaces for exchange that can be favorable to violent extremism. Of the 5,182 studies generated from the searches, 11 studies were eligible for inclusion in this review. We considered empirical studies with qualitative, quantitative, and mixed designs, but did not conduct meta-analysis due to the het…
The Social Networks, Social Support and Social Capital of Syrian Refugees Privately Sponsored to Settle in Montreal: Indications for Employment and Housing During Their Early Experiences of Integratio…
Beginning in 2015, Canada undertook an exceptional undertaking of sponsoring of more than 40,000 Syrian refugees to resettle in Canada. As the excitement of their initial arrivals dissipates, it is important to consider their longer-term settlement and integration in their new communities. This article offers a portrait and analysis of how Syrian refugees sponsored to Montreal are able to create social networks and access social support in order …
Addressing culture and context in humanitarian response: Preparing desk reviews to inform mental health and psychosocial support
Delivery of effective mental health and psychosocial support programs requires knowledge of existing health systems and socio-cultural context. To respond rapidly to humanitarian emergencies, international organizations often seek to design programs according to international guidelines and mobilize external human resources to manage and deliver programs. Familiarizing international humanitarian practitioners with local culture and contextualizin…
And if there were another way out? Questioning the prevalent radicalization models
Changing Identities: A Case Study of Western Muslim Converts Whose Conversion Revised Their Relationship to Their National Identity
Few studies explore the impact conversion to Islam has on a Western individual's social identity configuration. This article focuses on six Western Muslim converts—three from Montreal, two from Berlin, and one from Copenhagen—who experienced difficulties relating to their national identities prior to conversion, exploring how it developed afterwards. A qualitative interview guide was adapted in a semi-structured format to the demands of each indi…
Health
Mental health and psychosocial wellbeing of Syrians affected by armed conflict
Aims. This paper is based on a report commissioned by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, which aims to provide information on cultural aspects of mental health and psychosocial wellbeing relevant to care and support for Syrians affected by the crisis. This paper aims to inform mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) staff of the mental health and psychosocial wellbeing issues facing Syrians who are internally displaced and …
Ethnic identity and psychological adjustment in transracial adoptees: A review of the literature
International adoption is a relatively recent phenomenon and research in this field is emerging, particularly on issues of ethnic identity development and its implications for psychological adjustment and well-being. This article presents a critical review of the literature on ethnic identity in transracial adoptees as it relates to discrimination and psychological well-being. The review results show no clear evidence on the relation between a st…
Communicating power and resistance: Exploring interactions between aboriginal youth and non-aboriginal staff members in a residential child welfare facility
Aboriginal youth are highly overrepresented within the child welfare system. High-risk youth are often placed in out-of-community residential placements. Such residential placements have been described by some as a continuation of colonial practices. Using communication theory as a conceptual model, we propose a qualitative analysis of micro-interactions that take place between Aboriginal youth and non-Aboriginal workers during the management of …
Integration of interpreters in mental health interventions with children and adolescents: The need for a framework
Few empirical studies have detailed the specificities of working with interpreters in mental healthcare for children. The integration of interpreters in clinical teams in child mental healthcare was explored in two clinics, in Montreal and Paris. Four focus groups were conducted with interpreters and clinicians. Participants described the development of the working alliance between interpreters and clinicians, the delineation of interpreters' rol…
Identité, fratrie et immigration: Étude exploratoire sur les contributions des relations fraternelles à la construction identitaire de jeunes adultes immigrants au Québec
La construction identitaire est un processus complexe qui se situe au croisement de la dimension synchronique du sujet qui entre en relation dans le présent (affiliation) et de la dimension diachronique qui inscrit le sujet dans une historicité (filiation). Au-delà des relations verticales aux parents et aux grands-parents, l’identité se bâtit également à partir des relations horizontales. Il existe chez les frères et soeurs une identité commune,…
L'espace dans une résidence pour jeunes inuit
Environ 30 % des Inuit du Nunavik (Québec) sont signalés à la Protection de la Jeunesse. En 2010, une Résidence a été développée spécifiquement pour ces jeunes afin de répondre à leurs besoins cliniques et culturels. L’objectif de la présente étude est d’explorer l’utilisation que font les jeunes de cet espace résidentiel. Les résultats suggèrent d’une part que la résidence constitue une « institution perméable », permettant une certaine continui…
The Social Networks, Social Support and Social Capital of Syrian Refugees Privately Sponsored to Settle in Montreal: Indications for Employment and Housing During Their Early Experiences of Integratio…
Beginning in 2015, Canada undertook an exceptional undertaking of sponsoring of more than 40,000 Syrian refugees to resettle in Canada. As the excitement of their initial arrivals dissipates, it is important to consider their longer-term settlement and integration in their new communities. This article offers a portrait and analysis of how Syrian refugees sponsored to Montreal are able to create social networks and access social support in order …
Perceived Discrimination and Its Association With Psychological Distress Among Newly Arrived Immigrants Before and After September 11, 2001
These results confirm an increase in perception of discrimination and psychological distress among Arab Muslim recent immigrant communities after September 11, 2001, and highlight the importance this context may have for other immigrant groups
Impact of the Charter of Quebec Values on psychological well-being of francophone university students
This paper discusses results from a pilot study conducted in the spring of 2014 among young adults living in Montreal. The main objective of this study was to assess the relation between perception of the Charter of Quebec Values, 1 self-identification, perception of intercommunity relations, perceived discrimination, and psychological well-being in young students enrolled in undergraduate or graduate programs of a francophone university in Montr…
From the family universe to the outside world: Family relations, school attitude, and perception of racism in Caribbean and Filipino adolescents
Integration of interpreters in mental health interventions with children and adolescents: The need for a framework
Few empirical studies have detailed the specificities of working with interpreters in mental healthcare for children. The integration of interpreters in clinical teams in child mental healthcare was explored in two clinics, in Montreal and Paris. Four focus groups were conducted with interpreters and clinicians. Participants described the development of the working alliance between interpreters and clinicians, the delineation of interpreters' rol…
And if there were another way out? Questioning the prevalent radicalization models
Collective identity, social adversity and college student sympathy for violent radicalization
Identity issues have been at the forefront in studies on determinants of youth violent radicalization. Identity uncertainty and identity fusion appear to be associated with quests for meaning, which may find some answers in extremist discourses and radical engagements. This process has been considered to be particularly important for second-generation migrants who have to negotiate multiple identities, sometimes in situations of social adversity.…
I know what a Muslim really is”: How political context predisposes the perceived need for an objective Muslim identity
This article explores the process by which Western Muslim young adults develop the need to experience an ‘objective’ religious identity. We interviewed 20 Western Muslim young adults born in Montreal, Berlin, and Copenhagen within the age range of 18–25, exploring their religious identity development. The interviews were semi-structured and open-ended. Thematic content analysis was used to explore patterns in their narratives. The participants di…
Le milieu scolaire québécois face aux défis de l’accueil des élèves réfugiés: Quels Enjeux Pour La Gouvernance Scolaire Et La Formation Des Intervenants Scolaires
En 2015 et en 2016, le Québec accueille plus de 7 583 réfugiés syriens. À la suite de cette arrivée importante, plusieurs écoles se mobilisent pour faciliter l’accueil des nouveaux élèves. Dans ce contexte psychosocial particulier et grâce à une subvention du Conseil de recherches en sciences humaines du Canada, nous menons une recherche-action intitulée Favoriser l’intégration sociale et scolaire des élèves réfugiés syriens en développant leur s…
Second-generation Western Muslims: A qualitative analysis of multiple social identities
The relationships between social identities are important when discussing the national and religious identities of Muslims in Western contexts. This study explored the identity narratives of second-generation Muslim young adults to consider the relevance of bicultural identity and acculturation theories commonly employed in research with this group. The sample comprised 20 Muslim young adults of diverse ethnicities and backgrounds from Montreal, …
Communicating power and resistance: Exploring interactions between aboriginal youth and non-aboriginal staff members in a residential child welfare facility
Aboriginal youth are highly overrepresented within the child welfare system. High-risk youth are often placed in out-of-community residential placements. Such residential placements have been described by some as a continuation of colonial practices. Using communication theory as a conceptual model, we propose a qualitative analysis of micro-interactions that take place between Aboriginal youth and non-Aboriginal workers during the management of …
Ethnic and religious discrimination: The multifaceted role of religiosity and collective self-esteem
This study analyses the roles of collective self-esteem and religiosity in the relationship between discrimination and psychological distress among a sample of 432 recent immigrants from Haiti and Arab countries living in Montreal, Quebec. Collective self-esteem (CSE), religiosity, discriminatory experiences, and psychological symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed. Regression analyses revealed direct negative effects of discrimination,…
Caribbean and Filipino Adolescents' and Parents' Perceptions of Parental Authority, Physical Punishment, and Cultural Values and Their Relation to Migratory Characteristics
This article describes the perceptions of parents and adolescents of physical punishment in relation to family and migratory characteristics. Adolescents and their parents of Caribbean (n=118) and of Filipino (n=136) heritage responded to questions on their attitude toward physical discipline, their family relations, and their socio-demographic and migratory characteristics. Data analyses show that many Caribbean (78%) and Filipino (41.9%) parent…
Changing Identities: A Case Study of Western Muslim Converts Whose Conversion Revised Their Relationship to Their National Identity
Few studies explore the impact conversion to Islam has on a Western individual's social identity configuration. This article focuses on six Western Muslim converts—three from Montreal, two from Berlin, and one from Copenhagen—who experienced difficulties relating to their national identities prior to conversion, exploring how it developed afterwards. A qualitative interview guide was adapted in a semi-structured format to the demands of each indi…
La maladie mentale et la folie: Représentations sociales des troubles de santé mentale à Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)
Caribbean and Filipino Adolescents' and Parents' Perceptions of Parental Authority, Physical Punishment, and Cultural Values and Their Relation to Migratory Characteristics
This article describes the perceptions of parents and adolescents of physical punishment in relation to family and migratory characteristics. Adolescents and their parents of Caribbean (n=118) and of Filipino (n=136) heritage responded to questions on their attitude toward physical discipline, their family relations, and their socio-demographic and migratory characteristics. Data analyses show that many Caribbean (78%) and Filipino (41.9%) parent…
From the family universe to the outside world: Family relations, school attitude, and perception of racism in Caribbean and Filipino adolescents
Grandir et vivre ensemble dans un contexte de mondialisation conflictuelle
Le contexte international, marqué par la mondialisation, est traversé de tensions qui influencent les relations entre les minorités immigrantes et les majorités des pays qui les accueillent. En présentant sommairement les résultats de recherches portant sur le rapport des familles immigrantes à l’adversité qui caractérise ce contexte, cet article propose une réflexion sur le rôle protecteur ou vulnérabilisant de la transmission familiale du sens …
Perceived Discrimination and Its Association With Psychological Distress Among Newly Arrived Immigrants Before and After September 11, 2001
These results confirm an increase in perception of discrimination and psychological distress among Arab Muslim recent immigrant communities after September 11, 2001, and highlight the importance this context may have for other immigrant groups
Evidence-based clinical guidelines for immigrants and refugees
Clinical preventive care should be informed by the person's region or country of origin and migration history (e.g., forced versus voluntary migration).
Ethnic and religious discrimination: The multifaceted role of religiosity and collective self-esteem
This study analyses the roles of collective self-esteem and religiosity in the relationship between discrimination and psychological distress among a sample of 432 recent immigrants from Haiti and Arab countries living in Montreal, Quebec. Collective self-esteem (CSE), religiosity, discriminatory experiences, and psychological symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed. Regression analyses revealed direct negative effects of discrimination,…
Identité, fratrie et immigration: Étude exploratoire sur les contributions des relations fraternelles à la construction identitaire de jeunes adultes immigrants au Québec
La construction identitaire est un processus complexe qui se situe au croisement de la dimension synchronique du sujet qui entre en relation dans le présent (affiliation) et de la dimension diachronique qui inscrit le sujet dans une historicité (filiation). Au-delà des relations verticales aux parents et aux grands-parents, l’identité se bâtit également à partir des relations horizontales. Il existe chez les frères et soeurs une identité commune,…
L'espace dans une résidence pour jeunes inuit
Environ 30 % des Inuit du Nunavik (Québec) sont signalés à la Protection de la Jeunesse. En 2010, une Résidence a été développée spécifiquement pour ces jeunes afin de répondre à leurs besoins cliniques et culturels. L’objectif de la présente étude est d’explorer l’utilisation que font les jeunes de cet espace résidentiel. Les résultats suggèrent d’une part que la résidence constitue une « institution perméable », permettant une certaine continui…
Ethnic identity and psychological adjustment in transracial adoptees: A review of the literature
International adoption is a relatively recent phenomenon and research in this field is emerging, particularly on issues of ethnic identity development and its implications for psychological adjustment and well-being. This article presents a critical review of the literature on ethnic identity in transracial adoptees as it relates to discrimination and psychological well-being. The review results show no clear evidence on the relation between a st…
Communicating power and resistance: Exploring interactions between aboriginal youth and non-aboriginal staff members in a residential child welfare facility
Aboriginal youth are highly overrepresented within the child welfare system. High-risk youth are often placed in out-of-community residential placements. Such residential placements have been described by some as a continuation of colonial practices. Using communication theory as a conceptual model, we propose a qualitative analysis of micro-interactions that take place between Aboriginal youth and non-Aboriginal workers during the management of …
Integration of interpreters in mental health interventions with children and adolescents: The need for a framework
Few empirical studies have detailed the specificities of working with interpreters in mental healthcare for children. The integration of interpreters in clinical teams in child mental healthcare was explored in two clinics, in Montreal and Paris. Four focus groups were conducted with interpreters and clinicians. Participants described the development of the working alliance between interpreters and clinicians, the delineation of interpreters' rol…
Health
Mental health and psychosocial wellbeing of Syrians affected by armed conflict
Aims. This paper is based on a report commissioned by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, which aims to provide information on cultural aspects of mental health and psychosocial wellbeing relevant to care and support for Syrians affected by the crisis. This paper aims to inform mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) staff of the mental health and psychosocial wellbeing issues facing Syrians who are internally displaced and …
Addressing culture and context in humanitarian response: Preparing desk reviews to inform mental health and psychosocial support
Delivery of effective mental health and psychosocial support programs requires knowledge of existing health systems and socio-cultural context. To respond rapidly to humanitarian emergencies, international organizations often seek to design programs according to international guidelines and mobilize external human resources to manage and deliver programs. Familiarizing international humanitarian practitioners with local culture and contextualizin…
And if there were another way out? Questioning the prevalent radicalization models
Changing Identities: A Case Study of Western Muslim Converts Whose Conversion Revised Their Relationship to Their National Identity
Few studies explore the impact conversion to Islam has on a Western individual's social identity configuration. This article focuses on six Western Muslim converts—three from Montreal, two from Berlin, and one from Copenhagen—who experienced difficulties relating to their national identities prior to conversion, exploring how it developed afterwards. A qualitative interview guide was adapted in a semi-structured format to the demands of each indi…
Exposure to Extremist Online Content Could Lead to Violent Radicalization: A Systematic Review of Empirical Evidence
The main objective of this systematic review is to synthesize the empirical evidence on how the Internet and social media may, or may not, constitute spaces for exchange that can be favorable to violent extremism. Of the 5,182 studies generated from the searches, 11 studies were eligible for inclusion in this review. We considered empirical studies with qualitative, quantitative, and mixed designs, but did not conduct meta-analysis due to the het…
The Social Networks, Social Support and Social Capital of Syrian Refugees Privately Sponsored to Settle in Montreal: Indications for Employment and Housing During Their Early Experiences of Integratio…
Beginning in 2015, Canada undertook an exceptional undertaking of sponsoring of more than 40,000 Syrian refugees to resettle in Canada. As the excitement of their initial arrivals dissipates, it is important to consider their longer-term settlement and integration in their new communities. This article offers a portrait and analysis of how Syrian refugees sponsored to Montreal are able to create social networks and access social support in order …
I know what a Muslim really is”: How political context predisposes the perceived need for an objective Muslim identity
This article explores the process by which Western Muslim young adults develop the need to experience an ‘objective’ religious identity. We interviewed 20 Western Muslim young adults born in Montreal, Berlin, and Copenhagen within the age range of 18–25, exploring their religious identity development. The interviews were semi-structured and open-ended. Thematic content analysis was used to explore patterns in their narratives. The participants di…
Le milieu scolaire québécois face aux défis de l’accueil des élèves réfugiés: Quels Enjeux Pour La Gouvernance Scolaire Et La Formation Des Intervenants Scolaires
En 2015 et en 2016, le Québec accueille plus de 7 583 réfugiés syriens. À la suite de cette arrivée importante, plusieurs écoles se mobilisent pour faciliter l’accueil des nouveaux élèves. Dans ce contexte psychosocial particulier et grâce à une subvention du Conseil de recherches en sciences humaines du Canada, nous menons une recherche-action intitulée Favoriser l’intégration sociale et scolaire des élèves réfugiés syriens en développant leur s…
Second-generation Western Muslims: A qualitative analysis of multiple social identities
The relationships between social identities are important when discussing the national and religious identities of Muslims in Western contexts. This study explored the identity narratives of second-generation Muslim young adults to consider the relevance of bicultural identity and acculturation theories commonly employed in research with this group. The sample comprised 20 Muslim young adults of diverse ethnicities and backgrounds from Montreal, …
Impact of the Charter of Quebec Values on psychological well-being of francophone university students
This paper discusses results from a pilot study conducted in the spring of 2014 among young adults living in Montreal. The main objective of this study was to assess the relation between perception of the Charter of Quebec Values, 1 self-identification, perception of intercommunity relations, perceived discrimination, and psychological well-being in young students enrolled in undergraduate or graduate programs of a francophone university in Montr…
Critères d’admissibilité aux Sippe: Le point de vue d’intervenantes quant à leur pertinence pour identifier les mères immigrantes ou réfugiées vulnérables
Le programme de Services intégrés en périnatalité et pour la petite enfance (SIPPE) offre une intervention précoce et intensive qui cible les facteurs de risque et promeut les facteurs de protection chez les enfants d’âge préscolaire et leurs familles. À ce jour, aucune étude n’a évalué la pertinence des critères d’admissibilité au programme pour la clientèle immigrante. La présente étude explore donc la capacité des critères d’admissibilité à id…
A repeated cross-sectional study of sympathy for violent radicalization in Canadian college students
702) indicate that although overall scores on the SVR scale remained stable, there were changes in the association between age, identity, and the outcome at the two time points. Specifically, scores on the SVR were significantly higher among younger students in 2017 than in 2015. In addition, in 2017 we observed a relationship between collective identity and SVR that was not present in 2015. These results align with other recent studies in Canada…
Collective identity, social adversity and college student sympathy for violent radicalization
Identity issues have been at the forefront in studies on determinants of youth violent radicalization. Identity uncertainty and identity fusion appear to be associated with quests for meaning, which may find some answers in extremist discourses and radical engagements. This process has been considered to be particularly important for second-generation migrants who have to negotiate multiple identities, sometimes in situations of social adversity.…
Psychology (18 works) · Political science (17 works) · Sociology (14 works) · Migration, Health and Trauma (13 works) · Social Psychology (13 works) · Medicine (9 works) · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research (8 works) · Ethnic group (7 works) · Geography (7 works) · Social Psychology (7 works)