Irwin S Bernstein
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 89742 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Irwin S Bernstein |
| PRENOMES | Irwin S |
| SOBRENOME | Bernstein |
| ASSINATURA | BERNSTEIN I S |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Georgia |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 56 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 61 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 56 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1961 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2008 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Evaluating Dominance Styles in Assamese and Rhesus Macaques
Theories of sexual selection
Macaque Societies. A Model for the Study of Social Organization
Sexual selection as an explanation for primate social organizations
The study of things I have never seen
Tinbergen defined structure as the momentary condition of an organism. Inference, interpretation, and theory were reserved for answering the “why” questions. Mason, however, observed that the study of behavior is incorrigibly mentalistic. Description seems barren compared to the richness supplied by creative intelligence. Exciting intervening variables such as learning, intention, and selective pressures can only be examined using inference, logi…
Counter aggression and reconciliation in Assamese macaques ( Macaca assamensis )
Patterns of aggressive and affiliative behavior, such as counter aggression and reconciliation, are said to covary in the genus Macaca; this is referred to as the systematic variation hypothesis. These behavior patterns constitute a species dominance style. Van Schaik’s [1989] socioecological model explains dominance style in macaques in terms of within‐ and between‐group contest competition. Dominance style is also said to correlate with phyloge…
Primate population decline in response to habitat loss
Why do animals move and what does it mean
Review of On the Move: How and Why Animals Travel in Groups edited by Sue Boinski and Paul A. Garber. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2000, xii + 811 pp, 63 fig., 53 tab., $35
Integration of New Males into Four Social Groups of Tufted Capuchins (Cebus apella)
Social grooming in assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis)
Reciprocity and social bonding hypotheses were evaluated as explanations for observed patterns of social grooming in assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis). In accordance with social bonding, females, as the long-term residents of this matrifocal group, groomed each other and juveniles more often than males groomed one another or juveniles. On the other hand, males groomed females more often and for longer durations than females groomed males and,…
Social grooming in assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis)
Reciprocity and social bonding hypotheses were evaluated as explanations for observed patterns of social grooming in assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis). In accordance with social bonding, females, as the long-term residents of this matrifocal group, groomed each other and juveniles more often than males groomed one another or juveniles. On the other hand, males groomed females more often and for longer durations than females groomed males and,…
Grooming, social bonding, and agonistic aiding in rhesus monkeys
An analysis of simultaneous grooming bouts in a captive group of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) failed to provide evidence of competition to groom high ranking partners. Not only were grooming supplantations rare, but the highest ranking individuals performing grooming did not groom the highest ranking animals receiving grooming. Lower ranking partners, however, did more grooming in nonkin dyads. Grooming partners aided one another in agonistic …
Dominance in assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis)
A field study of 64 assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis) was conducted at a temple site in Assam, India. Focal and all occurrence scan techniques were used to collect data on agonistic, grooming, and sexual behavior. More than 1,000 hr of data were summarized into agonistic dominance, grooming, and mounting matrices. Rank hierarchies were constructed for all three and compared. We also directly compared each cell in each matrix with the correspo…
Dominance in assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis)
A field study of 64 assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis) was conducted at a temple site in Assam, India. Focal and all occurrence scan techniques were used to collect data on agonistic, grooming, and sexual behavior. More than 1,000 hr of data were summarized into agonistic dominance, grooming, and mounting matrices. Rank hierarchies were constructed for all three and compared. We also directly compared each cell in each matrix with the correspo…
One man's view
Behavioral and cortisol responses to repeated capture and venipuncture in Cebus apella
Behavioral and cortisol responses to repeated capture and venipuncture inCebus apella
Eight capuchins were trained in a capture and venipuncture procedure. Samples taken immediately following capture indicated that subjects experienced rising cortisol levels over the first 5 weeks of training followed by a return to baseline (equivalent to day 1 levels) in the sixth and seventh weeks. After 7 weeks, samples taken 60 min after initial capture revealed that behaviorally habituated animals exhibited significantly lower cortisol level…
Juvenile primates. Life history, development, and behavior
Sexual behavior in brown capuchins (Cebus apella)
Kinship, association, and social relationships in rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta )
Data on social interactions with matrilineal kin were collected from two groups of rhesus monkeys for 6 years. All behavioral states, including time within one meter of another, involved kin more often than would be expected by chance. Significant associations were also found between kinship and the frequencies of various forms of agonistic as well as affiliative acts. Frequency of social interaction, however, was not a simple function of time in…
Sex differences in adolescent rhesus monkey ( Macaca mulatta ) Behavior
Sex differences in the behavior of 2.5‐ to 4.5‐year‐old rhesus monkeys, living in two social groups approximating natural compositions, were studied over a period of 3 years. Both sexes interacted significantly more often with members of their own sex in agonistic and affiliative interactions even when total rates and durations for male and female subjects did not differ. Strong sexual segregation was also seen in proximity, nonspecific contact, …
Seasonal influences on rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) behavior
Testosterone changes during the period of adolescence in male rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta )
Testosterone levels of 59 male rhesus monkeys were monitored over a period of 5 years. Longitudinal comparisons revealed consistent rises in mid‐morning levels of circulating hormone in successive years from age 2.5 to 6.5 years of age, whereas cross‐sectional comparisons failed to detect significant differences among the older subjects. The first mid‐morning hormonal elevation could be detected in some males as young as 2.5 years of age, whereas…
Seasonal weight changes in male rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta )
Adult male rhesus monkeys lose weight during the breeding season and regain it during the nonbreeding season. The annual pattern of maximum weight gain just prior to the onset of breeding resembles the seasonal “fattening” seen in squirrel monkeys, but the period of weight gain is less discrete. The magnitude of weight change is less in younger males, in that sexually immature males gain weight in both seasons, but significantly less during the b…
Dario Maestripieri
The expression of aggression in old world monkeys
Behavioral and environmental events influencing primate testosterone levels
Seasonal variation in sexual behavior of all‐male Rhesus troops
Free roaming groups of Rhesus monkeys show a clear annual cycle in the incidence of sexual behavior. One hypothesis explaining the control of this cycle is that seasonal variables act directly on females, altering their endocrine status. Aroused females then communicate their sexual receptivity to male group members. The sexual behavior of 35 male Rhesus was observed during the non‐mating and the mating season. All animals were maintained in larg…
Evaluating Dominance Styles in Assamese and Rhesus Macaques
Matrilineal overthrows in rhesus monkey groups
Canine role in dental wear patterns
A study of variables and patterns in dental wear among 30 individuals in a colony of Macaca nemestrina shows that consideration of age and sex are crucial for understanding differential wear degrees on molar occlusal planes. With advanced age, this species of non‐human primate undergoes obliteration of initial morphological characteristics through the gradual erosion of enamel. Wear gradients are differential from PM1‐M3 in both sexes. It appears…
Integration of New Males into Four Social Groups of Tufted Capuchins (Cebus apella)
Sexual behavior in brown capuchins (Cebus apella)
Seasonal influences on rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) behavior
Birth of two second generation hybrid macaques
A comparison of new and old world monkey social organizations and behavior
Macaque Societies. A Model for the Study of Social Organization
Presentation Factors in Discrimination Learning by Chimpanzees
During the course of studies of response variability and other age related factors in adult chimpanzees of various ages, several methods of stimulus presentation were tested. Vertical and horizontal presentations, different types of stimulus blocks, and the presence of an additional positive object using a threehole test tray were examined in a series of discrimination problems. METHOD Subjects Sixteen adult chimpanzees ranging in age from 11 to …
Presentation Factors in Discrimination Learning by Chimpanzees
Response Tendencies of Gibbons in Single and Double Alternation Tasks
Social Activities Related to Rhesus Monkey Consort Behavior
The dominant male and six adult female rhesus monkeys within a larger group were studied to determine behavioral correlates of the estrus cycle. Consort behavior was expressed primarily in increased proximity scores and consequent increases in all types of social interaction. Estrus females enjoy greater toleration by the male, but may be attacked too, and show no change in dominance rank relative to other group members. Some females remain in pr…
Group Social Patterns as Influenced by Removal and Later Reintroduction of the Dominant Male Rhesus
The dominant male in a rhesus monkey group was removed from the group and returned after a period of one month. During the period of his removal the social activities of the remaining males increased. Upon return the dominant male assumed his former position showing increased social activity whereas the activities of other males were reduced
A comparison of new and old world monkey social organizations and behavior
An investigation of the organization of pigtail monkey groups through the use of challenges
A field study of the pigtail monkey (Macaca nemestrina)
Age and Experience in Chimpanzee Nest Building
Ten captive-born chimpanzee adults (age range 11-30 yr.; M, 21) who had failed to produce nests in repeated individual tests were selected for training. Five were caged adjacent to and five were caged with chimpanzees who regularly constructed nests. All were supplied with pine straw, burlap, newspaper, hose lengths, rope, etc. Fresh materials were provided whenever possible (a median of 25 times) during July through November. Each time marerials…
On the morphology, behaviour and systematic status of the assam macaque (Macaca assamensis McClelland, 1839)
The influence of introductory techniques on the formation of captive mangabey groups
Seasonal variation in sexual behavior of all‐male Rhesus troops
Free roaming groups of Rhesus monkeys show a clear annual cycle in the incidence of sexual behavior. One hypothesis explaining the control of this cycle is that seasonal variables act directly on females, altering their endocrine status. Aroused females then communicate their sexual receptivity to male group members. The sexual behavior of 35 male Rhesus was observed during the non‐mating and the mating season. All animals were maintained in larg…
Canine role in dental wear patterns
A study of variables and patterns in dental wear among 30 individuals in a colony of Macaca nemestrina shows that consideration of age and sex are crucial for understanding differential wear degrees on molar occlusal planes. With advanced age, this species of non‐human primate undergoes obliteration of initial morphological characteristics through the gradual erosion of enamel. Wear gradients are differential from PM1‐M3 in both sexes. It appears…
Birth of two second generation hybrid macaques
Behavioral and environmental events influencing primate testosterone levels
An appeal for the preservation of habitats in the interests of primate conservation
Differential effects of forest degradation on primate populations
Changes in Testosterone and Behavior During Adolescence in the Male Rhesus Monkey
Five adolescent male rhesus were followed for 3 years, from age 2 through age 4, with the collection of monthly testosterone levels, along with observation of behavior. Testosterone levels showed initial rises by age 3, but did not show the adult male seasonal pattern until 4. Play behavior fell significantly from age 2 to age 3, while sex behavior showed seasonal increases in both Year 2 and Year prior to the rise in plasma testosterone. The num…
Sex differences in the behavior of nonhuman primates
Ecological Influences on Social Organization
Female reproductive cycles and birth data from an Old World Monkey colony
Mother-daughter dominance reversals in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)
Agonistic rank, aggression, social context, and testosterone in male pigtail monkeys
Two groups of pigtail monkeys were merged, a third was formed, and individual males were introduced into a group in a series of experiments examining the effects of social context upon agonistic rank, aggressive expression, and testosterone levels. In the first experiment, two heterosexual groups, containing adult males unfamiliar to the other group, were merged. The two groups fought, and the smaller group was defeated. The alpha and beta males …
Dominance
The concept of dominance is used in the behavioral and biological sciences to describe outcomes in a variety of competitive interactions. In some taxa, a history of agonistic encounters among individuals modifies the course of future agonistic encounters such that the existence of a certain type of relationship can be inferred. If one is to characterize such relationships as dominance, however, then they must be distinguished from other kinds of …
The influence of male presence or absence on the reproductive cycle of celebes black ape females (Macaca nigra)
Primate Behavior and Ecology (46 obras) · Biology (43 obras) · Psychology (39 obras) · Animal Behavior and Reproduction (28 obras) · Zoology (27 obras) · Demography (23 obras) · Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior (21 obras) · Developmental psychology (20 obras) · Aggression (19 obras) · Animal ecology (19 obras)