Merete Osler
Biographic Data
| ID | 90257 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Merete Osler |
| GIVEN NAMES | Merete |
| FAMILY NAME | Osler |
| SIGNATURE | OSLER M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Copenhagen |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6921-220X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 47 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 121 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 47 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1995 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Factors associated with employment in end-stage kidney disease patients at the initiation of chronic dialysis or kidney transplantation—a national register-based cohort study
End-stage kidney disease (ESKD), requiring chronic dialysis or kidney transplantation, significantly affects work ability. This study aimed to identify factors associated with employment in ESKD patients at the initiation of dialysis and at the time of kidney transplantation, and to determine if these factors differ from those in a matched reference group from the general population. ESKD patients aged 18–65 years who initiated dialysis or underw…
Do adult children increase the chances of receiving the recommended hospital treatment among older adults with heart disease
BACKGROUND: We investigated whether having children and their socioeconomic resources are associated with receiving coronary angiogram (CAG) and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) among older adults with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina pectoris. METHODS: The study included 13 046 older adults diagnosed with first-time NSTEMI and unstable angina pectoris betwe…
Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: A pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults
BACKGROUND: Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. METHODS: ). For school-aged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI 2 SD above the median). FINDINGS: From 1990 to 20…
Impact of offspring and their educational level on readmission and death among older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A nationwide cohort study using multistate survival models
Background It is well described that there is social inequality in the disease course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the impact of social relations is less explored. We aimed to investigate the impact of adult offspring and their educational level on readmission and death among older adults with COPD. Methods In total, 71 084 older adults born 1935–53 with COPD diagnosed at age ≥65 years in 2000–2018 were included. Multistat…
Socioeconomic Position and Late-Onset Dementia: A Nationwide Register-Based Study
Occupation-based SEP is independently associated with dementia and may mitigate the higher dementia risk associated with short education. Future research should elucidate the mechanisms underlying social inequality in dementia
Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: A pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million p…
BACKGROUND: Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. METHODS: For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease …
Changes and correlations in height from 7 to 69 years of age across the birth years of 1930 to 1989
OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to describe changes in height during childhood and to investigate potential changes in the proportion of children attaining final height in childhood and in correlations between child and adult height across birth cohorts. METHODS: We included 363 059 children (179 906 girls) from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register, who were born between 1930 and 1989, with height measurements at ages 7, 10, or 1…
Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults
Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities 1,2 . This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity 3–6 . Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean B…
Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: A pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and …
BACKGROUND: Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends with those of adults. METHODS: We pooled 2416 population-based studies with measurements of height…
Socioeconomic Position Across the Life Course and Cognitive Ability Later in Life: The Importance of Considering Early Cognitive Ability
Objective: Investigate direct and indirect associations between markers of socioeconomic position (SEP) across the life course and midlife cognitive ability while addressing methodological limitations in prior work. Method: Longitudinal data from the Danish Metropolit cohort of men born in 1953 ( N = 2,479) who completed ability tests at age 12, 18, and 56-58 linked to register-based information on paternal occupational class, educational attainm…
Is Intelligence in Early Adulthood Associated With Midlife Physical Performance Among Danish Males
Public health interventions should focus on addressing people with different cognitive abilities and bear in mind that prevention of mobility limitations might need to start early in life
The Relationship Between Cognitive Ability and Demographic Factors in Late Midlife
Late-midlife cognitive ability is associated with a number of demographic factors, and demographic differences may contribute to individual differences in health and early aging. In analyses of cognitive ability, the three CAMB cohorts can be combined provided the relevant demographic variables are included as covariates
Personality in Late Midlife: Associations With Demographic Factors and Cognitive Ability
Robust sex, educational, and social class differences in personality may contribute to late midlife social gradients in health and early aging. Demographic factors did not fully explain correlations between personality and cognitive ability or cohort differences in personality
Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank (Camb): An Introduction
Since the early 1980s, a number of large-scale, population-based, epidemiologic studies have focused on the development of disability, cognitive impairment, dementia, long-term care, and other health issues with particular relevance to older adults. With few exceptions, these health issues have been investigated in older populations, usually defined on the basis of chronological age (e.g., older than 65). Examples are the Established Populations …
Intelligence in early adulthood and mortality from natural and unnatural causes in middle-aged Danish men
BACKGROUND: High intelligence early in life has consistently been associated with decreased mortality, but the mechanisms are still not fully understood. In this cohort study, we examined the association between intelligence in early adulthood and later mortality from natural and unnatural causes taking birth weight, parental socioeconomic position, participants' own education and body mass index into account. METHODS: 13 536 Danish men born in 1…
Are the educational differences in incidence of cardiovascular disease explained by underlying familial factors? A twin study
The Predictive Value of Fatigue for Nonfatal Ischemic Heart Disease and All-Cause Mortality
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether fatigue predicts nonfatal ischemic heart disease (IHD) and all-cause mortality in middle-aged men. METHODS: The study population consisted of 5216 middle-aged men born in the Copenhagen metropolitan area in 1953. At baseline, men free of angina pectoris and previous IHD were asked if they felt fatigued. Information on IHD diagnosis and all-cause mortality was register based. The Cox proportional hazard model was …
Birthweight and mortality in adulthood: A systematic review and meta-analysis
P1-337 Social inequality in mortality: Causality or selection
Introduction The aim of this study was to examine to which degree the often demonstrated association between educational status and mortality is confounded by family characteristics, that is environment in childhood and genetic setup. To disentangle an independent causal effect of educational status on mortality from selection mechanisms, we used a discordant sibling design making it possible to control for the shared early life environment and t…
P1-465 Education and cardiovascular disease incidence in Danish men and women. A discordant twin pair design
Introduction Social inequality in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is well-established. However, the causal paths driving this association are unclear. To disentangle the effect of education from underlying background factors we investigated the association between education and the risk of CVD using twin data to adjust for familial confounding. Methods The study was based on data from the Danish Twin Registry linked to official registers in Statisti…
Reduced probability of smoking cessation in men with increasing number of job losses and partnership breakdowns
BACKGROUND: Unemployment and partnership breakdowns are common stressful life events, but their association with smoking cessation has been investigated in only a few studies. OBJECTIVE: To investigate how history of employment and cohabitation affects the probability of smoking cessation and to study joint exposure to both. METHODS: Birth cohort study of smoking cessation of 6232 Danish men born in 1953 with a follow-up at age 51 (response rate …
P2-86 Education and survival of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Denmark
Introduction This study examined socio-economic inequalities in survival after non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and to what extent any disparities were explained by differences in comorbidity, disease severity at the time of diagnosis, and the treatment given. Methods Registry-based nationwide cohort study based on 5738 persons diagnosed 2000-2008 from the Danish national lymphoma database and linked for individual socioeconomic information in Statistics De…
Sexual Dysfunctions and Difficulties in Denmark: Prevalence and Associated Sociodemographic Factors
Causal Inference and Observational Research: The Utility of Twins
Valid causal inference is central to progress in theoretical and applied psychology. Although the randomized experiment is widely considered the gold standard for determining whether a given exposure increases the likelihood of some specified outcome, experiments are not always feasible and in some cases can result in biased estimates of causal effects. Alternatively, standard observational approaches are limited by the possibility of confounding…
Do childhood and adult socioeconomic circumstances influence health and physical function in middle-age
Socioeconomic position in early life, birth weight, childhood cognitive function, and adult mortality. A longitudinal study of Danish men born in 1953
Objective: To examine the relation between socioeconomic position in early life and mortality in young adulthood, taking birth weight and childhood cognitive function into account. Design: A longitudinal study with record linkage to the Civil Registration System and Cause of Death Registry. The data were analysed using Cox regression. Setting: The metropolitan area of Copenhagen, Denmark. Subjects: 7493 male singletons born in 1953, who completed…
Socioeconomic status and trends in risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in the Danish Monica population, 1982–1992
STUDY OBJECTIVE: The decline in cardiovascular mortality in Denmark during the 1980s has been greatest in the highest socioeconomic groups of the population. This study examines whether the increased social inequality in cardiovascular mortality has been accompanied by a different trend in cardiovascular risk factors in different educational groups. DESIGN: Data from three cross sectional WHO MONICA surveys conducted in 1982-84, 1987, and 1991-92…
Are the educational differences in incidence of cardiovascular disease explained by underlying familial factors? A twin study
Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank (Camb): An Introduction
Since the early 1980s, a number of large-scale, population-based, epidemiologic studies have focused on the development of disability, cognitive impairment, dementia, long-term care, and other health issues with particular relevance to older adults. With few exceptions, these health issues have been investigated in older populations, usually defined on the basis of chronological age (e.g., older than 65). Examples are the Established Populations …
Influence of marital history over two and three generations on early death. A longitudinal study of Danish men born in 1953
Background: This study examined the effects of marital status over two and three generations on last generation’s mortality, and tested the hypothesis of an effect of the latest status (proximity effect) as well as the hypothesis of an accumulative effect. Methods: The study population covers a random sample of all boys born in the the metropolitan area of Copenhagen with complete data from interviews and registers on two and three generation’s m…
Do childhood and adult socioeconomic circumstances influence health and physical function in middle-age
Relation between early life socioeconomic position and all cause mortality in two generations. A longitudinal study of Danish men born in 1953 and their parents
Objective: To examine (1) the relation between parental socioeconomic position and all cause mortality in two generations, (2) the relative importance of mother’s educational status and father’s occupational status on offspring mortality, and (3) the effect of factors in the family environment on these relations. Design: A longitudinal study with record linkage to the Civil Registration System. The data were analysed using Cox regression models. …
Food intake patterns, self rated health and mortality in Danish men and women. A prospective observational study
OBJECTIVE: To examine whether self rated health confounds or modifies the relation between a prudent food intake pattern and mortality and to study whether the prudent food intake pattern predicts subsequent changes in self rated health. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study with follow up of total mortality and changes in self rated health. Food intake patterns were identified by principal component analysis from a 28 item food frequency questionna…
Socioeconomic Position Across the Life Course and Cognitive Ability Later in Life: The Importance of Considering Early Cognitive Ability
Objective: Investigate direct and indirect associations between markers of socioeconomic position (SEP) across the life course and midlife cognitive ability while addressing methodological limitations in prior work. Method: Longitudinal data from the Danish Metropolit cohort of men born in 1953 ( N = 2,479) who completed ability tests at age 12, 18, and 56-58 linked to register-based information on paternal occupational class, educational attainm…
Sexual Dysfunctions and Difficulties in Denmark: Prevalence and Associated Sociodemographic Factors
Do patient characteristics, disease, or treatment explain social inequality in survival from colorectal cancer
Mortality after acute myocardial infarction according to income and education
Objective: To study how income and educational level influence mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Design and setting: Prospective analysis using individual level linkage of registries in Denmark. Participants: All patients 30–74 years old hospitalised for the first time with AMI in Denmark in 1995–2002. Main outcome measures: Relative risk (RR) of 30 day mortality and long term mortality (31 days until 31 December 2003) associated…
Income as mediator of the effect of occupation on the risk of myocardial infarction: Does the income measurement matter
Aim: To investigate whether the effect of occupational grade on the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) is mediated by income with different aspects of income taken into account. Methods: Data were used from three prospective population studies conducted in Copenhagen. A total of 16 665 employees, 43% women, aged 20–75 years, with an initial examination between 1974 and 1992 were followed up until 1999 for incident (hospital admission or fatal) MI…
Social network and lifestyle in Danish adults
Prevalence of asthma and related factors in primary school children on asthma prevalence, despite small numbers (n= 158), contradicts published findings for this factor but has been studied little.7 There has been no mention of the effect of solid fuel fires on asthma in the published reports but in this study a positive association was shown. The significant positive relationship between ducted air heating and wheeze also needs further investiga…
Reduced probability of smoking cessation in men with increasing number of job losses and partnership breakdowns
BACKGROUND: Unemployment and partnership breakdowns are common stressful life events, but their association with smoking cessation has been investigated in only a few studies. OBJECTIVE: To investigate how history of employment and cohabitation affects the probability of smoking cessation and to study joint exposure to both. METHODS: Birth cohort study of smoking cessation of 6232 Danish men born in 1953 with a follow-up at age 51 (response rate …
Changing life expectancy in the 1980s: Why was Denmark different from Sweden
OBJECTIVE: To identify the contribution from specific causes of death to the changes in life expectancy at birth in Denmark relative to Sweden in different age groups during the 1980s and to compare the difference in life expectancy between the two countries in 1990. DESIGN: Mortality data from WHO mortality tapes grouped in smaller series of clinically meaningful categories were used to calculate the contribution of each of these categories at e…
Socioeconomic Position and Late-Onset Dementia: A Nationwide Register-Based Study
Occupation-based SEP is independently associated with dementia and may mitigate the higher dementia risk associated with short education. Future research should elucidate the mechanisms underlying social inequality in dementia
Is Intelligence in Early Adulthood Associated With Midlife Physical Performance Among Danish Males
Public health interventions should focus on addressing people with different cognitive abilities and bear in mind that prevention of mobility limitations might need to start early in life
The Relationship Between Cognitive Ability and Demographic Factors in Late Midlife
Late-midlife cognitive ability is associated with a number of demographic factors, and demographic differences may contribute to individual differences in health and early aging. In analyses of cognitive ability, the three CAMB cohorts can be combined provided the relevant demographic variables are included as covariates
Personality in Late Midlife: Associations With Demographic Factors and Cognitive Ability
Robust sex, educational, and social class differences in personality may contribute to late midlife social gradients in health and early aging. Demographic factors did not fully explain correlations between personality and cognitive ability or cohort differences in personality
Intelligence in early adulthood and mortality from natural and unnatural causes in middle-aged Danish men
BACKGROUND: High intelligence early in life has consistently been associated with decreased mortality, but the mechanisms are still not fully understood. In this cohort study, we examined the association between intelligence in early adulthood and later mortality from natural and unnatural causes taking birth weight, parental socioeconomic position, participants' own education and body mass index into account. METHODS: 13 536 Danish men born in 1…
Impaired childhood development and suicidal behaviour in a cohort of Danish men born in 1953
BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the correlation between social circumstances during childhood and adult suicide behaviour in a prospective design. How indicators of impaired childhood development affect the risk of suicide behaviour before the age of 50 years are analysed in this study. METHOD: 9359 Men born in Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1953, who had completed conscription medical examination at approximately 18 years of age and for whom birt…
Use of statins and beta-blockers after acute myocardial infarction according to income and education
OBJECTIVE: To study the initiation of and long-term refill persistency with statins and beta-blockers after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) according to income and education. DESIGN AND SETTING: Linkage of individuals through national registers of hospitalisations, drug dispensation, income and education. PARTICIPANTS: 30 078 patients aged 30-74 years surviving first hospitalisation for AMI in Denmark between 1995 and 2001. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE…
Educational level as a contextual and proximate determinant of all cause mortality in Danish adults
Study objective: To examine the educational level in the area of living as a determinant of all cause mortality, controlling for individual and other correlated contextual factors. Design: Pooled data from two population based cohort studies were linked to social registers to obtain selected socioeconomic information at parish and individual level. A total of 18 344 men and women were followed up from 1980 until October 1999. Setting: Copenhagen,…
Life expectancy in Danish women and men related to smoking habits: Smoking may affect women more
Studies reporting increased mortality in smokers are abundant but only a few have directly estimated survival prospects of smokers in terms of lost years of life or probability of living until retirement. None of these have included large numbers of heavily smoking women. A study of mortality in Danish women is particularly informative because the female smoking epidemic started early in Denmark and both prevalence of smoking and mortality from s…
Unemployment and change in smoking behaviour among Danish adults
Social medicin
Social network and lifestyle in Danish adults
Prevalence of asthma and related factors in primary school children on asthma prevalence, despite small numbers (n= 158), contradicts published findings for this factor but has been studied little.7 There has been no mention of the effect of solid fuel fires on asthma in the published reports but in this study a positive association was shown. The significant positive relationship between ducted air heating and wheeze also needs further investiga…
Changing life expectancy in the 1980s: Why was Denmark different from Sweden
OBJECTIVE: To identify the contribution from specific causes of death to the changes in life expectancy at birth in Denmark relative to Sweden in different age groups during the 1980s and to compare the difference in life expectancy between the two countries in 1990. DESIGN: Mortality data from WHO mortality tapes grouped in smaller series of clinically meaningful categories were used to calculate the contribution of each of these categories at e…
Psychosocial, behavioural, and health determinants of successful smoking cessation: A longitudinal study of Danish adults
Smokers motivated to stop are more likely to quit and remain abstinent than smokers with no such motivation. Age, social status, spouse/cohabitant's smoking behaviour, and the daily consumption of tobacco predict success in smoking cessation, irrespective of smokers' former motivation to stop
Food patterns, flour fortification, and intakes of calcium and vitamin D: A longitudinal study of Danish adults
STUDY OBJECTIVE: Deficiencies in calcium and vitamin D intakes are involved in the aetiology of osteoporosis, and health authorities recommend that the population consume a diet providing sufficient calcium and vitamin D. However, in 1987 the Danish Government withdrew a mandatory fortification of flour with calcium. This study examines intakes of calcium and vitamin D over time, in relation to food patterns, recommendations, and legislation. DES…
Life expectancy in Danish women and men related to smoking habits: Smoking may affect women more
Studies reporting increased mortality in smokers are abundant but only a few have directly estimated survival prospects of smokers in terms of lost years of life or probability of living until retirement. None of these have included large numbers of heavily smoking women. A study of mortality in Danish women is particularly informative because the female smoking epidemic started early in Denmark and both prevalence of smoking and mortality from s…
Socioeconomic status and trends in risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in the Danish Monica population, 1982–1992
STUDY OBJECTIVE: The decline in cardiovascular mortality in Denmark during the 1980s has been greatest in the highest socioeconomic groups of the population. This study examines whether the increased social inequality in cardiovascular mortality has been accompanied by a different trend in cardiovascular risk factors in different educational groups. DESIGN: Data from three cross sectional WHO MONICA surveys conducted in 1982-84, 1987, and 1991-92…
Contemporary Use of Traditional and Imported Food among Greenlandic Inuit
A health interview survey was carried out in Greenland in 1993-94 among randomly selected adult Inuit (N = 1580) to gather information about people's perceptions of their own health and living conditions. Questions about preference for and frequency of consumption of selected traditional and imported food items were included in the questionnaire. Preference ratings show that traditional food was well liked in all age groups, but especially by the…
Food intake patterns, self rated health and mortality in Danish men and women. A prospective observational study
OBJECTIVE: To examine whether self rated health confounds or modifies the relation between a prudent food intake pattern and mortality and to study whether the prudent food intake pattern predicts subsequent changes in self rated health. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study with follow up of total mortality and changes in self rated health. Food intake patterns were identified by principal component analysis from a 28 item food frequency questionna…
Income inequality, individual income, and mortality in Danish adults: Analysis of pooled data from two cohort studies
Objective: To analyse the association between area income inequality and mortality after adjustment for individual income and other established risk factors. Design: Analysis of pooled data from two cohort studies. The relation between income inequality in small areas of residence (parishes) and individual mortality was examined with Cox proportional hazard analyses. Setting: Two population studies conducted in Copenhagen, Denmark. Participants: …
Exposure to teachers smoking and adolescent smoking behaviour: Analysis of cross sectional data from Denmark
Teachers smoking during school hours is associated with adolescent smoking. This finding has implications for future tobacco prevention strategies in schools in many countries with liberal smoking policies where it might provide support for those working to establish smokefree schools
Educational level as a contextual and proximate determinant of all cause mortality in Danish adults
Study objective: To examine the educational level in the area of living as a determinant of all cause mortality, controlling for individual and other correlated contextual factors. Design: Pooled data from two population based cohort studies were linked to social registers to obtain selected socioeconomic information at parish and individual level. A total of 18 344 men and women were followed up from 1980 until October 1999. Setting: Copenhagen,…
Socioeconomic position in early life, birth weight, childhood cognitive function, and adult mortality. A longitudinal study of Danish men born in 1953
Objective: To examine the relation between socioeconomic position in early life and mortality in young adulthood, taking birth weight and childhood cognitive function into account. Design: A longitudinal study with record linkage to the Civil Registration System and Cause of Death Registry. The data were analysed using Cox regression. Setting: The metropolitan area of Copenhagen, Denmark. Subjects: 7493 male singletons born in 1953, who completed…
Relation between early life socioeconomic position and all cause mortality in two generations. A longitudinal study of Danish men born in 1953 and their parents
Objective: To examine (1) the relation between parental socioeconomic position and all cause mortality in two generations, (2) the relative importance of mother’s educational status and father’s occupational status on offspring mortality, and (3) the effect of factors in the family environment on these relations. Design: A longitudinal study with record linkage to the Civil Registration System. The data were analysed using Cox regression models. …
Income as mediator of the effect of occupation on the risk of myocardial infarction: Does the income measurement matter
Aim: To investigate whether the effect of occupational grade on the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) is mediated by income with different aspects of income taken into account. Methods: Data were used from three prospective population studies conducted in Copenhagen. A total of 16 665 employees, 43% women, aged 20–75 years, with an initial examination between 1974 and 1992 were followed up until 1999 for incident (hospital admission or fatal) MI…
Validity of protein, retinol, folic acid and n–3 fatty acid intakes estimated from the food-frequency questionnaire used in the Danish National Birth Cohort
Objective To validate intakes of protein, folic acid, retinol and n –3 fatty acids estimated from a food-frequency questionnaire in week 25 of pregnancy (FFQ-25). Design Validation was done against a 7-day weighed food diary (FD) and biomarkers of the nutrients in gestation week 32–38. Subjects and setting The FFQ-25 to be validated was used in the Danish National Birth Cohort comprising 101 042 pregnant Danish women, of whom 88 participated in t…
Mortality after acute myocardial infarction according to income and education
Objective: To study how income and educational level influence mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Design and setting: Prospective analysis using individual level linkage of registries in Denmark. Participants: All patients 30–74 years old hospitalised for the first time with AMI in Denmark in 1995–2002. Main outcome measures: Relative risk (RR) of 30 day mortality and long term mortality (31 days until 31 December 2003) associated…
Influence of marital history over two and three generations on early death. A longitudinal study of Danish men born in 1953
Background: This study examined the effects of marital status over two and three generations on last generation’s mortality, and tested the hypothesis of an effect of the latest status (proximity effect) as well as the hypothesis of an accumulative effect. Methods: The study population covers a random sample of all boys born in the the metropolitan area of Copenhagen with complete data from interviews and registers on two and three generation’s m…
Use of statins and beta-blockers after acute myocardial infarction according to income and education
OBJECTIVE: To study the initiation of and long-term refill persistency with statins and beta-blockers after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) according to income and education. DESIGN AND SETTING: Linkage of individuals through national registers of hospitalisations, drug dispensation, income and education. PARTICIPANTS: 30 078 patients aged 30-74 years surviving first hospitalisation for AMI in Denmark between 1995 and 2001. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE…
Marital Status and Twins’ Health and Behavior: An Analysis of Middle-Aged Danish Twins
OBJECTIVE: To disentangle the influences on health of selection processes related to genetic and rearing environmental factors from factors related to marriage benefits. We compared health status among same-sex male and female twin pairs who lived together during childhood and were discordant or concordant on adult marital status. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of a random sample of middle-aged Danish twins was conducted in 1998 to 1999. This …
Impaired childhood development and suicidal behaviour in a cohort of Danish men born in 1953
BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the correlation between social circumstances during childhood and adult suicide behaviour in a prospective design. How indicators of impaired childhood development affect the risk of suicide behaviour before the age of 50 years are analysed in this study. METHOD: 9359 Men born in Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1953, who had completed conscription medical examination at approximately 18 years of age and for whom birt…
Do childhood and adult socioeconomic circumstances influence health and physical function in middle-age
Do patient characteristics, disease, or treatment explain social inequality in survival from colorectal cancer
Causal Inference and Observational Research: The Utility of Twins
Valid causal inference is central to progress in theoretical and applied psychology. Although the randomized experiment is widely considered the gold standard for determining whether a given exposure increases the likelihood of some specified outcome, experiments are not always feasible and in some cases can result in biased estimates of causal effects. Alternatively, standard observational approaches are limited by the possibility of confounding…
Birthweight and mortality in adulthood: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Medicine (42 works) · Demography (34 works) · Environmental health (26 works) · Population (24 works) · Gerontology (23 works) · Health disparities and outcomes (23 works) · Danish (22 works) · Internal Medicine (20 works) · Gerontology (17 works) · Internal Medicine (16 works)