Benedikt Hallgrimsson
Biographic Data
| ID | 90675 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Benedikt Hallgrimsson |
| GIVEN NAMES | Benedikt |
| FAMILY NAME | Hallgrimsson |
| SIGNATURE | HALLGRIMSSON B |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Calgary |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7192-9103 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 21 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 167 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 21 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1993 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Body mass estimation from footprint size in hominins
Hybridization in human evolution: Insights from other organisms
During the late Pleistocene, isolated lineages of hominins exchanged genes thus influencing genomic variation in humans in both the past and present. However, the dynamics of this genetic exchange and associated phenotypic consequences through time remain poorly understood. Gene exchange across divergent lineages can result in myriad outcomes arising from these dynamics and the environmental conditions under which it occurs. Here we draw from our…
Hybridization in human evolution: Insights from other organisms
During the late Pleistocene, isolated lineages of hominins exchanged genes thus influencing genomic variation in humans in both the past and present. However, the dynamics of this genetic exchange and associated phenotypic consequences through time remain poorly understood. Gene exchange across divergent lineages can result in myriad outcomes arising from these dynamics and the environmental conditions under which it occurs. Here we draw from our…
Body size and allometric variation in facial shape in children
OBJECTIVES: Morphological integration, or the tendency for covariation, is commonly seen in complex traits such as the human face. The effects of growth on shape, or allometry, represent a ubiquitous but poorly understood axis of integration. We address the question of to what extent age and measures of size converge on a single pattern of allometry for human facial shape. METHODS: Our study is based on two large cross-sectional cohorts of childr…
Craniomandibular form and body size variation of first generation mouse hybrids: A model for hominin hybridization
Prenatal development of skull and brain in a mouse model of growth restriction
Patterns of covariation result from the overlapping effect of several developmental processes.By perturbing certain specific developmental processes, experimental studies contribute to a better understanding of their particular effects on the generation of phenotype.The aim of this work was to analyze the interactions among morphological traits of the skull and the brain during late prenatal life (18.5 days postconception) in mice exposed to mate…
Bone quality in prehistoric, cis‐baikal forager femora: A micro‐CT analysis of cortical canal microstructure
Bone quality, a contributor to bone strength, is determined by structural and mechanical properties, which may be analyzed by gross and/or microscopic methods. Variables that contribute to bone quality, such as porosity, can provide insight into the health and lifestyles of people in prehistory. This study tests the ability of microcomputed tomography (μCT) to capture and characterize cortical canal systems in archaeological bone. Seven variables…
Canalization and developmental instability of the fetal skull in a mouse model of maternal nutritional stress
Nutritional imbalance is one of the main sources of stress in both extant and extinct human populations. Restricted availability of nutrients is thought to disrupt the buffering mechanisms that contribute to developmental stability and canalization, resulting in increased levels of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and phenotypic variance among individuals. However, the literature is contradictory in this regard. This study assesses the effect of prenat…
Development and the evolvability of human limbs
The long legs and short arms of humans are distinctive for a primate, the result of selection acting in opposite directions on each limb at different points in our evolutionary history. This mosaic pattern challenges our understanding of the relationship of development and evolvability because limbs are serially homologous and genetic correlations should act as a significant constraint on their independent evolution. Here we test a developmental …
Animal-human connections, "one health," and the syndemic approach to prevention
Articular constraint, handedness, and directional asymmetry in the human second metacarpal
Taphonomy and paleoecological context of the Upper Laetolil Beds (Localities 8 and 9), Laetoli in northern Tanzania
Trabecular bone in the bird knee responds with high sensitivity to changes in load orientation
Wolff's law of trajectorial orientation proposes that trabecular struts align with the orientation of dominant compressive loads within a joint. Although widely considered in skeletal biology, Wolff's law has never been experimentally tested while controlling for ontogenetic stage, activity level,and species differences, all factors that may affect trabecular bone growth. Here we report an experimental test of Wolff's law using a within-species d…
Keywords and Concepts in Evolutionary Developmental Biology
Why are rare traits unilaterally expressed: Trait frequency and unilateral expression for cranial nonmetric traits in humans
Based on an analysis of nonmetric trait databases from several large skeletal series in Northern Europe and South America, representing 27 bilateral traits, we report a predictable relationship between the frequency of nonmetric traits and the probability that they are expressed bilaterally. In a wider sampling of traits and populations, this study thus confirms the findings of an earlier study by Ossenberg ([1981] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 54: 471…
Composition of the founding population of Iceland: Biological distance and morphological variation in early historic Atlantic Europe
We examined the composition of the founding population of Iceland through the study of morphological traits in skeletons from Iceland, Ireland, Norway, and Greenland. This is the first study to address this issue from the Settlement Period of Iceland and contemporary samples from Ireland. We pose the following questions: 1) Was the founding population of Iceland of mixed or homogeneous origin? 2) Is there evidence for a significant Irish cohort i…
Ontogenetic Patterning of Skeletal Fluctuating Asymmetry in Rhesus Macaques and Humans: Evolutionary and Developmental Implications
Tiwanaku 'colonization: Bioarchaeological implications for migration in the Moquegua Valley, Peru
Nothing is more central to theories of prehispanic Andean state formation than the relationship between highland core areas and ecologically‐distinct peripheral regions. Various models, ranging from direct colonization to trade relations have been proposed and are usually grounded in architectural and material cultural patterning. We examine the human biological implications of colonization from the perspective of Tiwanaku, primarily during the e…
Swift and sure-footed on the Savanna: A study of Hadzabe gaits and feet in Northern Tanzania
Data on footprints and gait of 54 Hadzabe, 6-70 years of age expand understanding of pedal morphology of unshod people and assist the development of ideas about the evolution of hominid bipedality and upright posture. Contrary to published data on gaits and pedal morphology of unshod populations, Hadzabe (also known as Hadza) from northern Tanzania exhibit values of stride length, relative stride length, and walking speeds that exceed those of ru…
Morphology of the japanese macaque
Fluctuating asymmetry inMacaca fascicularis: A study of the etiology of developmental noise
Tiwanaku 'colonization: Bioarchaeological implications for migration in the Moquegua Valley, Peru
Nothing is more central to theories of prehispanic Andean state formation than the relationship between highland core areas and ecologically‐distinct peripheral regions. Various models, ranging from direct colonization to trade relations have been proposed and are usually grounded in architectural and material cultural patterning. We examine the human biological implications of colonization from the perspective of Tiwanaku, primarily during the e…
Animal-human connections, "one health," and the syndemic approach to prevention
Articular constraint, handedness, and directional asymmetry in the human second metacarpal
Composition of the founding population of Iceland: Biological distance and morphological variation in early historic Atlantic Europe
We examined the composition of the founding population of Iceland through the study of morphological traits in skeletons from Iceland, Ireland, Norway, and Greenland. This is the first study to address this issue from the Settlement Period of Iceland and contemporary samples from Ireland. We pose the following questions: 1) Was the founding population of Iceland of mixed or homogeneous origin? 2) Is there evidence for a significant Irish cohort i…
Ontogenetic Patterning of Skeletal Fluctuating Asymmetry in Rhesus Macaques and Humans: Evolutionary and Developmental Implications
Craniomandibular form and body size variation of first generation mouse hybrids: A model for hominin hybridization
Body mass estimation from footprint size in hominins
Why are rare traits unilaterally expressed: Trait frequency and unilateral expression for cranial nonmetric traits in humans
Based on an analysis of nonmetric trait databases from several large skeletal series in Northern Europe and South America, representing 27 bilateral traits, we report a predictable relationship between the frequency of nonmetric traits and the probability that they are expressed bilaterally. In a wider sampling of traits and populations, this study thus confirms the findings of an earlier study by Ossenberg ([1981] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 54: 471…
Fluctuating asymmetry inMacaca fascicularis: A study of the etiology of developmental noise
Canalization and developmental instability of the fetal skull in a mouse model of maternal nutritional stress
Nutritional imbalance is one of the main sources of stress in both extant and extinct human populations. Restricted availability of nutrients is thought to disrupt the buffering mechanisms that contribute to developmental stability and canalization, resulting in increased levels of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and phenotypic variance among individuals. However, the literature is contradictory in this regard. This study assesses the effect of prenat…
Hybridization in human evolution: Insights from other organisms
During the late Pleistocene, isolated lineages of hominins exchanged genes thus influencing genomic variation in humans in both the past and present. However, the dynamics of this genetic exchange and associated phenotypic consequences through time remain poorly understood. Gene exchange across divergent lineages can result in myriad outcomes arising from these dynamics and the environmental conditions under which it occurs. Here we draw from our…
Body size and allometric variation in facial shape in children
OBJECTIVES: Morphological integration, or the tendency for covariation, is commonly seen in complex traits such as the human face. The effects of growth on shape, or allometry, represent a ubiquitous but poorly understood axis of integration. We address the question of to what extent age and measures of size converge on a single pattern of allometry for human facial shape. METHODS: Our study is based on two large cross-sectional cohorts of childr…
Bone quality in prehistoric, cis‐baikal forager femora: A micro‐CT analysis of cortical canal microstructure
Bone quality, a contributor to bone strength, is determined by structural and mechanical properties, which may be analyzed by gross and/or microscopic methods. Variables that contribute to bone quality, such as porosity, can provide insight into the health and lifestyles of people in prehistory. This study tests the ability of microcomputed tomography (μCT) to capture and characterize cortical canal systems in archaeological bone. Seven variables…
Fluctuating asymmetry inMacaca fascicularis: A study of the etiology of developmental noise
Morphology of the japanese macaque
Swift and sure-footed on the Savanna: A study of Hadzabe gaits and feet in Northern Tanzania
Data on footprints and gait of 54 Hadzabe, 6-70 years of age expand understanding of pedal morphology of unshod people and assist the development of ideas about the evolution of hominid bipedality and upright posture. Contrary to published data on gaits and pedal morphology of unshod populations, Hadzabe (also known as Hadza) from northern Tanzania exhibit values of stride length, relative stride length, and walking speeds that exceed those of ru…
Tiwanaku 'colonization: Bioarchaeological implications for migration in the Moquegua Valley, Peru
Nothing is more central to theories of prehispanic Andean state formation than the relationship between highland core areas and ecologically‐distinct peripheral regions. Various models, ranging from direct colonization to trade relations have been proposed and are usually grounded in architectural and material cultural patterning. We examine the human biological implications of colonization from the perspective of Tiwanaku, primarily during the e…
Ontogenetic Patterning of Skeletal Fluctuating Asymmetry in Rhesus Macaques and Humans: Evolutionary and Developmental Implications
Composition of the founding population of Iceland: Biological distance and morphological variation in early historic Atlantic Europe
We examined the composition of the founding population of Iceland through the study of morphological traits in skeletons from Iceland, Ireland, Norway, and Greenland. This is the first study to address this issue from the Settlement Period of Iceland and contemporary samples from Ireland. We pose the following questions: 1) Was the founding population of Iceland of mixed or homogeneous origin? 2) Is there evidence for a significant Irish cohort i…
Why are rare traits unilaterally expressed: Trait frequency and unilateral expression for cranial nonmetric traits in humans
Based on an analysis of nonmetric trait databases from several large skeletal series in Northern Europe and South America, representing 27 bilateral traits, we report a predictable relationship between the frequency of nonmetric traits and the probability that they are expressed bilaterally. In a wider sampling of traits and populations, this study thus confirms the findings of an earlier study by Ossenberg ([1981] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 54: 471…
Trabecular bone in the bird knee responds with high sensitivity to changes in load orientation
Wolff's law of trajectorial orientation proposes that trabecular struts align with the orientation of dominant compressive loads within a joint. Although widely considered in skeletal biology, Wolff's law has never been experimentally tested while controlling for ontogenetic stage, activity level,and species differences, all factors that may affect trabecular bone growth. Here we report an experimental test of Wolff's law using a within-species d…
Keywords and Concepts in Evolutionary Developmental Biology
Taphonomy and paleoecological context of the Upper Laetolil Beds (Localities 8 and 9), Laetoli in northern Tanzania
Articular constraint, handedness, and directional asymmetry in the human second metacarpal
Animal-human connections, "one health," and the syndemic approach to prevention
Development and the evolvability of human limbs
The long legs and short arms of humans are distinctive for a primate, the result of selection acting in opposite directions on each limb at different points in our evolutionary history. This mosaic pattern challenges our understanding of the relationship of development and evolvability because limbs are serially homologous and genetic correlations should act as a significant constraint on their independent evolution. Here we test a developmental …
Bone quality in prehistoric, cis‐baikal forager femora: A micro‐CT analysis of cortical canal microstructure
Bone quality, a contributor to bone strength, is determined by structural and mechanical properties, which may be analyzed by gross and/or microscopic methods. Variables that contribute to bone quality, such as porosity, can provide insight into the health and lifestyles of people in prehistory. This study tests the ability of microcomputed tomography (μCT) to capture and characterize cortical canal systems in archaeological bone. Seven variables…
Canalization and developmental instability of the fetal skull in a mouse model of maternal nutritional stress
Nutritional imbalance is one of the main sources of stress in both extant and extinct human populations. Restricted availability of nutrients is thought to disrupt the buffering mechanisms that contribute to developmental stability and canalization, resulting in increased levels of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and phenotypic variance among individuals. However, the literature is contradictory in this regard. This study assesses the effect of prenat…
Prenatal development of skull and brain in a mouse model of growth restriction
Patterns of covariation result from the overlapping effect of several developmental processes.By perturbing certain specific developmental processes, experimental studies contribute to a better understanding of their particular effects on the generation of phenotype.The aim of this work was to analyze the interactions among morphological traits of the skull and the brain during late prenatal life (18.5 days postconception) in mice exposed to mate…
Hybridization in human evolution: Insights from other organisms
During the late Pleistocene, isolated lineages of hominins exchanged genes thus influencing genomic variation in humans in both the past and present. However, the dynamics of this genetic exchange and associated phenotypic consequences through time remain poorly understood. Gene exchange across divergent lineages can result in myriad outcomes arising from these dynamics and the environmental conditions under which it occurs. Here we draw from our…
Body size and allometric variation in facial shape in children
OBJECTIVES: Morphological integration, or the tendency for covariation, is commonly seen in complex traits such as the human face. The effects of growth on shape, or allometry, represent a ubiquitous but poorly understood axis of integration. We address the question of to what extent age and measures of size converge on a single pattern of allometry for human facial shape. METHODS: Our study is based on two large cross-sectional cohorts of childr…
Craniomandibular form and body size variation of first generation mouse hybrids: A model for hominin hybridization
Hybridization in human evolution: Insights from other organisms
During the late Pleistocene, isolated lineages of hominins exchanged genes thus influencing genomic variation in humans in both the past and present. However, the dynamics of this genetic exchange and associated phenotypic consequences through time remain poorly understood. Gene exchange across divergent lineages can result in myriad outcomes arising from these dynamics and the environmental conditions under which it occurs. Here we draw from our…
Body mass estimation from footprint size in hominins
Biology (17 works) · Evolutionary biology (10 works) · Morphological variations and asymmetry (10 works) · Anatomy (9 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (9 works) · Paleontology (7 works) · Primate Behavior and Ecology (7 works) · Anatomy (6 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (6 works) · Zoology (6 works)