Mukesh Kumar Chalise
Biographic Data
| ID | 9089296 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Mukesh Kumar Chalise |
| GIVEN NAMES | Mukesh Kumar |
| FAMILY NAME | Chalise |
| SIGNATURE | CHALISE M K |
| AFFILIATIONS | Tribhuvan University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1417-6053 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 12 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 2 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 12 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1997 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2020 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Comparative ecological and behavioral study of Macaca assamensis and M. mulatta in Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park, Nepal
Resource partitioning reduces the competition between different species within the same habitat, promoting their coexistence. To understand how such species co-adapt to reduce conflicts, we examined the behavior of two primates, Assamese macaque ( Macaca assamensis ) and rhesus macaque ( Macaca mulatta ), from April 2017 to March 2018 in Sivapuri Nagarjun National Park (SNNP), Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. We performed 1580 and 1261 scan sessions on w…
The function of geophagy in Nepal gray langurs
OBJECTIVES: Geophagy has several hypothesized functions, among them (1) detoxification of plant secondary compounds, for example, tannins, (2) buffering stomach pH to alleviate acidosis caused by high sugar intake, and (3) supplementing the diet with mineral nutrients. We tested these hypotheses in Nepal gray langurs (Semnopithecus schistaceus), a foregut fermenter for which fruits and leaves dominate the diet at different times of the year. MATE…
Mitochondrial DNA analyses and ecological niche modeling reveal post‐LGM expansion of the Assam macaque ( Macaca assamensis ) in the foothills of Nepal Himalaya
Genetic diversity of a species is influenced by multiple factors, including the Quaternary glacial-interglacial cycles and geophysical barriers. Such factors are not yet well documented for fauna from the southern border of the Himalayan region. This study used mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences and ecological niche modeling (ENM) to explore how the late Pleistocene climatic fluctuations and complex geography of the Himalayan region have shaped …
The importance of protein in leaf selection of folivorous primates
Protein limitation has been considered a key factor in hypotheses on the evolution of life history and animal communities, suggesting that animals should prioritize protein in their food choice. This contrasts with the limited support that food selection studies have provided for such a priority in nonhuman primates, particularly for folivores. Here, we suggest that this discrepancy can be resolved if folivores only need to select for high protei…
Synanthropic primates in Asia
Macaques are similar to humans both physiologically and behaviorally. In South and Southeast Asia they are also synanthropic, ecologically associated with humans. Synanthropy with humans raises the possibility that macaques come into contact with anthropogenic toxicants, such as lead and mercury, and might be appropriate sentinels for human exposures to certain toxic materials. We measured lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) levels and characterized the s…
The importance of ingestion rates for estimating food quality and energy intake
Testing ecological or socioecological models in primatology often requires estimates of individual energy intake. It is a well established fact that the nutrient content (and hence the energy content) of primate food items is highly variable. The second variable in determining primate energy intake, i.e., the ingestion rate, has often been ignored, and few studies have attempted to estimate the relative importance of the two predictors. In the pr…
Considering human–primate transmission of measles virus through the prism of risk analysis
Measles is a respiratory virus that is endemic to humans. Human–nonhuman primate (NHP) transmission of the measles virus has been shown to cause significant morbidity and mortality in NHP populations. We investigated serological evidence of exposure to measles virus in two free‐ranging populations of macaques at the Bukit Timah (BTNR) and Central Catchment Nature (CCNR) reserves in Singapore and the Swoyambhu Temple in Katmandu, Nepal. At BTNR/CC…
Genetic characterization of rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta ) in Nepal
Indian‐origin rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta ) have long served as an animal model for the study of human disease and behavior. Given the current shortage of Indian‐origin rhesus, many researchers have turned to rhesus macaques from China as a substitute. However, a number of studies have identified marked genetic differences between the Chinese and Indian animals. We investigated the genetic characteristics of a third rhesus population, the rh…
What Hanuman langur males know about female reproductive status
In species with a high risk of infanticide, a conflict of interest exists between the sexes over the amount of paternity information that is available to males. While females are expected to keep males unaware of their reproductive status in order to confuse paternity, selection should favor those male traits that enhance the males' assessment of female status and consequently of paternity probability. In Hanuman langurs ( Semnopithecus entellus …
When females should contest for food - testing hypotheses about resource density, distribution, size, and quality with Hanuman langurs ( Presbytis entellus )
Ecology, nutrition, and timing of reproductive events in an Asian primate, the Hanuman langur ( Presbytis entellus )
Ecological conditions, feeding and ranging behaviour as well as physical condition of female Hanuman langurs ( Presbytis entellus ) were studied in order to analyse the major influences on the timing of reproductive events. The langurs inhabited a semi‐evergreen forest dominated by Sal trees ( Skorea robusta ). The climate was dominated by the summer monsoon lasting from May to September. Availability of plant phytophases was markedly seasonal, w…
From the Mouths of Monkeys
Although the M ycobacterium tuberculosis complex ( MTBC ) infects a third of all humans, little is known regarding the prevalence of mycobacterial infection in nonhuman primates ( NHP ). For more than a century, tuberculosis has been regarded as a serious infectious threat to NHP species. Advances in the detection of MTBC open new possibilities for investigating the effects of this poorly understood pathogen in diverse populations of NHP . Here, …
Synanthropic primates in Asia
Macaques are similar to humans both physiologically and behaviorally. In South and Southeast Asia they are also synanthropic, ecologically associated with humans. Synanthropy with humans raises the possibility that macaques come into contact with anthropogenic toxicants, such as lead and mercury, and might be appropriate sentinels for human exposures to certain toxic materials. We measured lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) levels and characterized the s…
Ecology, nutrition, and timing of reproductive events in an Asian primate, the Hanuman langur ( Presbytis entellus )
Ecological conditions, feeding and ranging behaviour as well as physical condition of female Hanuman langurs ( Presbytis entellus ) were studied in order to analyse the major influences on the timing of reproductive events. The langurs inhabited a semi‐evergreen forest dominated by Sal trees ( Skorea robusta ). The climate was dominated by the summer monsoon lasting from May to September. Availability of plant phytophases was markedly seasonal, w…
When females should contest for food - testing hypotheses about resource density, distribution, size, and quality with Hanuman langurs ( Presbytis entellus )
The importance of ingestion rates for estimating food quality and energy intake
Testing ecological or socioecological models in primatology often requires estimates of individual energy intake. It is a well established fact that the nutrient content (and hence the energy content) of primate food items is highly variable. The second variable in determining primate energy intake, i.e., the ingestion rate, has often been ignored, and few studies have attempted to estimate the relative importance of the two predictors. In the pr…
Considering human–primate transmission of measles virus through the prism of risk analysis
Measles is a respiratory virus that is endemic to humans. Human–nonhuman primate (NHP) transmission of the measles virus has been shown to cause significant morbidity and mortality in NHP populations. We investigated serological evidence of exposure to measles virus in two free‐ranging populations of macaques at the Bukit Timah (BTNR) and Central Catchment Nature (CCNR) reserves in Singapore and the Swoyambhu Temple in Katmandu, Nepal. At BTNR/CC…
Genetic characterization of rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta ) in Nepal
Indian‐origin rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta ) have long served as an animal model for the study of human disease and behavior. Given the current shortage of Indian‐origin rhesus, many researchers have turned to rhesus macaques from China as a substitute. However, a number of studies have identified marked genetic differences between the Chinese and Indian animals. We investigated the genetic characteristics of a third rhesus population, the rh…
What Hanuman langur males know about female reproductive status
In species with a high risk of infanticide, a conflict of interest exists between the sexes over the amount of paternity information that is available to males. While females are expected to keep males unaware of their reproductive status in order to confuse paternity, selection should favor those male traits that enhance the males' assessment of female status and consequently of paternity probability. In Hanuman langurs ( Semnopithecus entellus …
Synanthropic primates in Asia
Macaques are similar to humans both physiologically and behaviorally. In South and Southeast Asia they are also synanthropic, ecologically associated with humans. Synanthropy with humans raises the possibility that macaques come into contact with anthropogenic toxicants, such as lead and mercury, and might be appropriate sentinels for human exposures to certain toxic materials. We measured lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) levels and characterized the s…
The importance of protein in leaf selection of folivorous primates
Protein limitation has been considered a key factor in hypotheses on the evolution of life history and animal communities, suggesting that animals should prioritize protein in their food choice. This contrasts with the limited support that food selection studies have provided for such a priority in nonhuman primates, particularly for folivores. Here, we suggest that this discrepancy can be resolved if folivores only need to select for high protei…
Mitochondrial DNA analyses and ecological niche modeling reveal post‐LGM expansion of the Assam macaque ( Macaca assamensis ) in the foothills of Nepal Himalaya
Genetic diversity of a species is influenced by multiple factors, including the Quaternary glacial-interglacial cycles and geophysical barriers. Such factors are not yet well documented for fauna from the southern border of the Himalayan region. This study used mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences and ecological niche modeling (ENM) to explore how the late Pleistocene climatic fluctuations and complex geography of the Himalayan region have shaped …
The function of geophagy in Nepal gray langurs
OBJECTIVES: Geophagy has several hypothesized functions, among them (1) detoxification of plant secondary compounds, for example, tannins, (2) buffering stomach pH to alleviate acidosis caused by high sugar intake, and (3) supplementing the diet with mineral nutrients. We tested these hypotheses in Nepal gray langurs (Semnopithecus schistaceus), a foregut fermenter for which fruits and leaves dominate the diet at different times of the year. MATE…
Comparative ecological and behavioral study of Macaca assamensis and M. mulatta in Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park, Nepal
Resource partitioning reduces the competition between different species within the same habitat, promoting their coexistence. To understand how such species co-adapt to reduce conflicts, we examined the behavior of two primates, Assamese macaque ( Macaca assamensis ) and rhesus macaque ( Macaca mulatta ), from April 2017 to March 2018 in Sivapuri Nagarjun National Park (SNNP), Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. We performed 1580 and 1261 scan sessions on w…
From the Mouths of Monkeys
Although the M ycobacterium tuberculosis complex ( MTBC ) infects a third of all humans, little is known regarding the prevalence of mycobacterial infection in nonhuman primates ( NHP ). For more than a century, tuberculosis has been regarded as a serious infectious threat to NHP species. Advances in the detection of MTBC open new possibilities for investigating the effects of this poorly understood pathogen in diverse populations of NHP . Here, …
Biology (12 works) · Primate Behavior and Ecology (10 works) · Population (6 works) · Demography (5 works) · Ecology (5 works) · Ecology (5 works) · Zoology (5 works) · Animal Behavior and Reproduction (4 works) · Animal science (4 works) · Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior (4 works)