Kristin L Sommer
Biographic Data
| ID | 91013 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Kristin L Sommer |
| GIVEN NAMES | Kristin L |
| FAMILY NAME | Sommer |
| SIGNATURE | SOMMER K L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Case Western Reserve University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8658-9204 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 7 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 79 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 7 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1996 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Why is my coworker ignoring me? Understanding motives for ostracism in the workplace
Workplaces offer many opportunities to engage in ostracism, yet the motives underlying workplace ostracism remain poorly understood. We draw from K. D. Williams's (1997, 2001) taxonomy of ostracism motives and contemporary theorizing in social and organizational psychology to outline the employee characteristics that bring about ostracism and the needs or goals that ostracism serves. We delineate between purposeful workplace ostracism (which is i…
Minimizing the Pain and Probability of Rejection: Evidence for Relational Distancing and Proximity Seeking Within Face-to-Face Interactions
Some studies have revealed evidence for proximity seeking following interpersonal rejection, whereas other studies have found evidence of relational distancing (Williams, 2007). This study examined whether both processes could occur simultaneously within face-to-face interactions. Participants were accepted or rejected by one person and then interacted with a new partner for the purposes of an impression-formation task. Conversations were recorde…
When silence is golden: Ostracism as resource conservation during aversive interactions
This investigation examined whether the strain of ignoring another depends on the other's desirability as a relationship partner. Participants were asked to ignore or converse with highly likeable (polite and egalitarian) or highly unlikeable (rude and bigoted) acquaintance. They then completed a task in which good performance hinged on successful thought regulation. Study 1 revealed that participants performed worse in the self-regulatory task a…
Freudian Defense Mechanisms and Empirical Findings in Modern Social Psychology: Reaction Formation, Projection, Displacement, Undoing, Isolation, Sublimation, and Denial
Recent studies in social psychology are reviewed for evidence relevant to seven Freudian defense mechanisms. This work emphasizes normal populations, moderate rather than extreme forms of defense, and protection of self‐esteem against threat. Reaction formation, isolation, and denial have been amply shown in studies, and they do seem to serve defensive functions. Undoing, in the sense of counterfactual thinking, is also well documented but does n…
Social Ostracism by Coworkers: Does Rejection Lead to Loafing or Compensation?
A new theoretical model and research paradigm are introduced to investigate the phenomenon of social ostracism-being ignored by others who are in one's presence. The authors examined the effects of social ostracism on individuals' subsequent contributions to a group task. Social loafing Optically occurs on collective tasks. However; to regain their sense of belonging to the group, the authors expected ostracized individuals to socially compensate…
What do men want? Gender differences and two spheres of belongingness: Comment on Cross and Madson (1997)
In response to S. E. Cross and L. Madson's (1997) suggestion that men's behaviors reflect a desire for independence and separateness, the authors propose that those same behaviors are designed to form connections with other people but in a broader social sphere. Women's sociality is oriented toward dyadic close relationships, whereas men's sociality is oriented toward a larger group. Gender differences in aggression, helping behavior, desire for …
Inequity and iniquity in marriage
What do men want? Gender differences and two spheres of belongingness: Comment on Cross and Madson (1997)
In response to S. E. Cross and L. Madson's (1997) suggestion that men's behaviors reflect a desire for independence and separateness, the authors propose that those same behaviors are designed to form connections with other people but in a broader social sphere. Women's sociality is oriented toward dyadic close relationships, whereas men's sociality is oriented toward a larger group. Gender differences in aggression, helping behavior, desire for …
When silence is golden: Ostracism as resource conservation during aversive interactions
This investigation examined whether the strain of ignoring another depends on the other's desirability as a relationship partner. Participants were asked to ignore or converse with highly likeable (polite and egalitarian) or highly unlikeable (rude and bigoted) acquaintance. They then completed a task in which good performance hinged on successful thought regulation. Study 1 revealed that participants performed worse in the self-regulatory task a…
Why is my coworker ignoring me? Understanding motives for ostracism in the workplace
Workplaces offer many opportunities to engage in ostracism, yet the motives underlying workplace ostracism remain poorly understood. We draw from K. D. Williams's (1997, 2001) taxonomy of ostracism motives and contemporary theorizing in social and organizational psychology to outline the employee characteristics that bring about ostracism and the needs or goals that ostracism serves. We delineate between purposeful workplace ostracism (which is i…
Inequity and iniquity in marriage
Social Ostracism by Coworkers: Does Rejection Lead to Loafing or Compensation?
A new theoretical model and research paradigm are introduced to investigate the phenomenon of social ostracism-being ignored by others who are in one's presence. The authors examined the effects of social ostracism on individuals' subsequent contributions to a group task. Social loafing Optically occurs on collective tasks. However; to regain their sense of belonging to the group, the authors expected ostracized individuals to socially compensate…
What do men want? Gender differences and two spheres of belongingness: Comment on Cross and Madson (1997)
In response to S. E. Cross and L. Madson's (1997) suggestion that men's behaviors reflect a desire for independence and separateness, the authors propose that those same behaviors are designed to form connections with other people but in a broader social sphere. Women's sociality is oriented toward dyadic close relationships, whereas men's sociality is oriented toward a larger group. Gender differences in aggression, helping behavior, desire for …
Freudian Defense Mechanisms and Empirical Findings in Modern Social Psychology: Reaction Formation, Projection, Displacement, Undoing, Isolation, Sublimation, and Denial
Recent studies in social psychology are reviewed for evidence relevant to seven Freudian defense mechanisms. This work emphasizes normal populations, moderate rather than extreme forms of defense, and protection of self‐esteem against threat. Reaction formation, isolation, and denial have been amply shown in studies, and they do seem to serve defensive functions. Undoing, in the sense of counterfactual thinking, is also well documented but does n…
When silence is golden: Ostracism as resource conservation during aversive interactions
This investigation examined whether the strain of ignoring another depends on the other's desirability as a relationship partner. Participants were asked to ignore or converse with highly likeable (polite and egalitarian) or highly unlikeable (rude and bigoted) acquaintance. They then completed a task in which good performance hinged on successful thought regulation. Study 1 revealed that participants performed worse in the self-regulatory task a…
Minimizing the Pain and Probability of Rejection: Evidence for Relational Distancing and Proximity Seeking Within Face-to-Face Interactions
Some studies have revealed evidence for proximity seeking following interpersonal rejection, whereas other studies have found evidence of relational distancing (Williams, 2007). This study examined whether both processes could occur simultaneously within face-to-face interactions. Participants were accepted or rejected by one person and then interacted with a new partner for the purposes of an impression-formation task. Conversations were recorde…
Why is my coworker ignoring me? Understanding motives for ostracism in the workplace
Workplaces offer many opportunities to engage in ostracism, yet the motives underlying workplace ostracism remain poorly understood. We draw from K. D. Williams's (1997, 2001) taxonomy of ostracism motives and contemporary theorizing in social and organizational psychology to outline the employee characteristics that bring about ostracism and the needs or goals that ostracism serves. We delineate between purposeful workplace ostracism (which is i…
Psychology (5 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (5 works) · Social Psychology (5 works) · Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion (4 works) · Cognitive psychology (2 works) · Developmental psychology (2 works) · Emotions and Moral Behavior (2 works) · Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior (2 works) · Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health (2 works) · Interpersonal communication (2 works)