Ralph L Rosnow
Biographic Data
| ID | 91139 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Ralph L Rosnow |
| GIVEN NAMES | Ralph L |
| FAMILY NAME | Rosnow |
| SIGNATURE | ROSNOW R L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Temple University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 58 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 294 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 58 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1963 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2015 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Experimenter and Subject Artifacts: Methodology
Writing Papers in Psychology
Rumor and gossip in interpersonal interaction and beyond: A social exchange perspective
Contrasts and Correlations in Effect-Size Estimation
This article describes procedures for presenting standardized measures of effect size when contrasts are used to ask focused questions of data. The simplest contrasts consist of comparisons of two samples (e.g., based on the independent t statistic). Useful effect-size indices in this situation are members of the g family (e.g., Hedges's g and Cohen's d) and the Pearson r. We review expressions for calculating these measures and for transforming …
Rumor Rest Stops on the Information Highway Transmission Patterns in a Computer-Mediated Rumor Chain
Classic simulation studies of rumor transmission chains often have been characterized as lacking mundane realism. The present study spawned new insights on the basis of an analysis of the structure and composition of a naturalistic rumor chain that surfaced on the information highway. Content analyses of the individual messages during a 6-day period revealed distinctive patterns in both content and level of individual participation. In general, t…
Computing contrasts, effect sizes, and counternulls on other people's published data: General procedures for research consumers.
We describe convenient statistical procedures that will enable research consumers (e.g,, professional psychologists, graduate students, and researchers themselves) to reach beyond the published conclusions and make an independent assessment of the reported results. Appropriately conceived contrasts accompanied by effect size estimates often allow researchers to address precise predictions that the authors of the published report may have ignored …
Interpersonal Expectations: Theory, Research and Applications
This 1993 volume brings together critical analysis of the phenomenon called interpersonal expectation - a sub-area of social psychology that studies how the expectations of one person affects the behavior of another in an interactive setting. The book is divided into three major sections: the first examines real-world applications of research on interpersonal expectations, such as in the courtroom, classroom, and operating room; the second consid…
The Institutional Review Board as a mirror of scientific and ethical standards
The Institutional Review Board as a mirror of scientific and ethical standards
Decisions by institutional review boards (IRBs) are presumed to reflect the norms and standards of the scientific community. Such criteria have shifted as changes have occurred in experimental interventions and protocols, codes of federal regulatory agencies, norms among investigators, and expectations of participants. The tension created by shifting norms and standards raises two questions: (a) Should IRBs evaluate the scientific (e.g., design) …
Scientific rewards and conflicts of ethical choices in human subjects research
If you're looking at the cell means, you're not looking at only the interaction (unless all main effects are zero)
Inside rumor: A personal journey
If you're looking at the cell means, you're not looking at only the interaction (unless all main effects are zero)
This reply to Meyer explains again that cell means, although usually the results of greatest interest, should not be confused with interaction effects. Unless all main effects are 0, one cannot accurately interpret an interaction by plotting the cell means. To interpret an interaction, it is the residuals remaining after removal of constituent effects (e.g., row and column effects in 2-factor analyses) that must be examined
Statistical procedures and the justification of knowledge in psychological science
Definition and interpretation of interaction effects
When interaction is claimed in a factorial arrangement, the results almost always require more detailed analysis than is typically reported in our primary journals. In reporting interactions, research psychologists have gotten into the habit of examining only the differences between the original cell means (the simple effects) instead of more properly examining the residuals, or leftover effects, after the lower order effects have been removed. T…
Rumor as Communication: A Contextualist Approach
A consideration of rumor as “a process of explanation” reviews and integrates a range of findings on bow four conditions-personal anxiety, general uncertainly, credulity, and topical importance-affect and may even predict rumor generation and transmission
What is aggressive? some contextual factors in judging international behavior
This research delineates several factors that may affect how likely observers are to judge some international actions as aggressive. Subjects rated scenarios in which a country intercedes in the affairs of another country experiencing internal or external difficulties. Judged to be more aggressive, as hypothesized, were actions in which it was “they” rather than “we” who were responsible, actions capable of causing injury or death, and actions ca…
Contextualism and its implications for psychological inquiry
A variety of alternative orientations to psychological inquiry have arisen in response to attacks on mechanistic and reductionistic assumptions about human activity. Despite their differences, these alternative viewpoints seem to be converging on a set of common themes that can be subsumed within a world view known as contextualism. This paper examines the basic assumptions and principles of a contextualist perspective, highlighting its emphasis …
Factors influencing rumor spreading: Replication and extension
Beyond Analysis of Variance
Synthetic Benevolence and Malevolence as Strategies of Relational Compliance-Gaining
A questionnaire study was conducted in which subjects described, and rated on several scales, incidents they recalled in which they had been either `synthetically benevolent' or `malevolent' when trying to influence others. `Synthetic benevolence' is a positive or prosocial act that is not what it appears to be, whilst `synthetic malevolence' is a negative or antisocial act that is not what it appears to be. As hypothesized, synthetic benevolence…
Interpretation of significance levels and effect sizes by psychological researchers
Interpretation of significance levels and effect sizes by psychological researchers
Belief in rumor and likelihood of rumor transmission
The Emergence of Contextualism
Marianthi Georgoudi, Ralph L. Rosnow; The Emergence of Contextualism, Journal of Communication, Volume 35, Issue 1, 1 March 1985, Pages 76–88, https://doi
Statistical procedures and the justification of knowledge in psychological science
Psychology of rumor reconsidered
Inside rumor: A personal journey
Gossip and Marketplace Psychology
Journal Article Gossip and Marketplace Psychology Get access Ralph L. Rosnow Ralph L. Rosnow 1Ralph Rosnow is Professor of Psychology at Temple University and co-author of Rumor and Gossip: The Social Psychology of Hearsay (Elsevier, 1976) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Communication, Volume 27, Issue 1, March 1977, Pages 158-163, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1977.tb01811.x Published: 07…
Definition and interpretation of interaction effects
When interaction is claimed in a factorial arrangement, the results almost always require more detailed analysis than is typically reported in our primary journals. In reporting interactions, research psychologists have gotten into the habit of examining only the differences between the original cell means (the simple effects) instead of more properly examining the residuals, or leftover effects, after the lower order effects have been removed. T…
Rumor and gossip: The Social Psychology of Hearsay
Rumor Rest Stops on the Information Highway Transmission Patterns in a Computer-Mediated Rumor Chain
Classic simulation studies of rumor transmission chains often have been characterized as lacking mundane realism. The present study spawned new insights on the basis of an analysis of the structure and composition of a naturalistic rumor chain that surfaced on the information highway. Content analyses of the individual messages during a 6-day period revealed distinctive patterns in both content and level of individual participation. In general, t…
Belief in rumor and likelihood of rumor transmission
If you're looking at the cell means, you're not looking at only the interaction (unless all main effects are zero)
This reply to Meyer explains again that cell means, although usually the results of greatest interest, should not be confused with interaction effects. Unless all main effects are 0, one cannot accurately interpret an interaction by plotting the cell means. To interpret an interaction, it is the residuals remaining after removal of constituent effects (e.g., row and column effects in 2-factor analyses) that must be examined
Contextualism and its implications for psychological inquiry
A variety of alternative orientations to psychological inquiry have arisen in response to attacks on mechanistic and reductionistic assumptions about human activity. Despite their differences, these alternative viewpoints seem to be converging on a set of common themes that can be subsumed within a world view known as contextualism. This paper examines the basic assumptions and principles of a contextualist perspective, highlighting its emphasis …
The prophetic vision of Giambattista Vico: Implications for the state of social psychological theory
Adding versus averaging as a stimulus-combination rule in forming impressions of groups
Volunteer Subjects and the Results of Opinion Change Studies
Female volunteers and nonvolunteers for a (fictitious) perception experiment participated in a study of opinion change. Opinions about college fraternities were measured before and after the receipt of pro-fraternity, anti-fraternity, or no (control) communication. Volunteers reacted differently from nonvolunteers to pro- and to anti-fraternity communications. In addition, volunteers' opinions were significantly less reliable than the opinions of…
Factors influencing rumor spreading: Replication and extension
Cognitive set and message processing: Implications of prose memory research for rumor theory
Punitiveness in response to films varying in content: A cross‐national field study of aggression
Punitiveness in male movie‐goers in London, Philadelphia, Rome and Toronto was measured before or after they attended films varying in content (aggressive, sexual, neutral) and arousal potential (low, high). A second dependent variable, altruism, was also assessed for some Ss. Hypotheses stemming from social learning theory and arousal theory were tested by comparing changes in punitiveness at aggressive, nonaggressive arousing (sexual) and nonag…
One-Sided Versus Two-Sided Communication Under Indirect Awareness of Persuasive Intent
Journal Article ONE-SIDED VERSUS TWO-SIDED COMMUNICATION UNDER INDIRECT AWARENESS OF PERSUASIVE INTENT Get access RALPH L. ROSNOW RALPH L. ROSNOW † Ralph L. Rosnow is Associate Professor in the Department of Psychology at Temple University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 32, Issue 1, SPRING 1968, Pages 95–101, https://doi.org/10.1086/267582 Published: 01 January 1968
Reactive effects of pretesting in attitude research
Differential Effects of Complementary and Competing Variables in Primacy-Recency
Complementary and Competing-Order Effects in Opinion Change
Synthetic Benevolence and Malevolence as Strategies of Relational Compliance-Gaining
A questionnaire study was conducted in which subjects described, and rated on several scales, incidents they recalled in which they had been either `synthetically benevolent' or `malevolent' when trying to influence others. `Synthetic benevolence' is a positive or prosocial act that is not what it appears to be, whilst `synthetic malevolence' is a negative or antisocial act that is not what it appears to be. As hypothesized, synthetic benevolence…
Mediation of artifacts in behavioral research
More on the social psychology of the experiment: When compliance turns to self-defense
Personality and Group Impression Formation as a Function of the Amount of Overlap in Evaluative Meaning of the Stimulus Elements
Subject Awareness and Order Effects in Persuasive Communications
This study was performed with 128 college students acting as Ss. The primary hypothesis that Ss confronted with a hidden pretest in an opinion change study will yield a significant recency effect, and Ss confronted with an exposed pretest will yield a significant primacy effect, was rejected. A primacy effect is in evidence when the pretest is hidden, and no directional effects are present when the pretest is exposed. The secondary hypothesis tha…
Spread of Effect of Reinforcement in Persuasive Communication
Seventy-eight high school students took part in an opinion change experiment using the topic “use of nuclear weapons.” After reading opposing persuasive communications to Ss “contiguously” prior to the presentation of a reinforcing event, subsequent opinion change was found to be statistically significant and in the direction of the one communication (either pro or con) that was more proximal to the reinforcement. This finding supports an hypothe…
A Delay-of-Reinforcement Effect in Persuasive Communication
Complementary and Competing-Order Effects in Opinion Change
Whatever Happened to the “Law of Primacy”
Journal Article Whatever Happened to the “Law of Primacy”? Get access Ralph L. Rosnow Ralph L. Rosnow 1Ralph L. Rosnow is an Assistant Professor in the Division of Communication Research and Fellow in the Communication Research Center at Boston University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Communication, Volume 16, Issue 1, March 1966, Pages 10–31, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1966.tb00013.x…
Volunteer Subjects and the Results of Opinion Change Studies
Female volunteers and nonvolunteers for a (fictitious) perception experiment participated in a study of opinion change. Opinions about college fraternities were measured before and after the receipt of pro-fraternity, anti-fraternity, or no (control) communication. Volunteers reacted differently from nonvolunteers to pro- and to anti-fraternity communications. In addition, volunteers' opinions were significantly less reliable than the opinions of…
Differential Effects of Complementary and Competing Variables in Primacy-Recency
Awareness of Expectation in Attitude Research
Effects of Pretest-Treatment Interval on Opinion Change
Data presented suggest that the interval between pretest and treatment (2 to 21 days) does not have a substantial effect on the magnitude of change of opinion by groups shown a persuasive communication
Consonant and dissonant communications as positive and negative reinforcements in opinion change
Adding versus averaging as a stimulus-combination rule in forming impressions of groups
One-Sided Versus Two-Sided Communication Under Indirect Awareness of Persuasive Intent
Journal Article ONE-SIDED VERSUS TWO-SIDED COMMUNICATION UNDER INDIRECT AWARENESS OF PERSUASIVE INTENT Get access RALPH L. ROSNOW RALPH L. ROSNOW † Ralph L. Rosnow is Associate Professor in the Department of Psychology at Temple University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 32, Issue 1, SPRING 1968, Pages 95–101, https://doi.org/10.1086/267582 Published: 01 January 1968
Volunteer Effects on Experimental Outcomes
Anderson's Personality-Trait Words Rated by Men and Women as a Function of Stimulus Sex
Anderson's personality-trait words were rated for likeableness on a 101-point scale by 30 male and 30 female undergraduates instructed to regard the stimuli as characterizing either a man or a woman. Although the pooled means correlated highly with Anderson's mean ratings, inspection of the separate stimuli showed numerous appreciable rating differences attributable to Ss' sex and sex of stimulus. Eliminating such stimuli resulted in a list of 14…
Personality and Group Impression Formation as a Function of the Amount of Overlap in Evaluative Meaning of the Stimulus Elements
Reactive effects of pretesting in attitude research
More On the Reactive Effects of Pretesting in Attitude Research: Demand Characteristics or Subject Commitment
Mediation of artifacts in behavioral research
More on the social psychology of the experiment: When compliance turns to self-defense
Taming of the volunteer problem: On coping with artifacts by benign neglect
Punitiveness in response to films varying in content: A cross‐national field study of aggression
Punitiveness in male movie‐goers in London, Philadelphia, Rome and Toronto was measured before or after they attended films varying in content (aggressive, sexual, neutral) and arousal potential (low, high). A second dependent variable, altruism, was also assessed for some Ss. Hypotheses stemming from social learning theory and arousal theory were tested by comparing changes in punitiveness at aggressive, nonaggressive arousing (sexual) and nonag…
Rumor and gossip: The Social Psychology of Hearsay
The Volunteer Subject
Fairs and psychology's wares
Fairs and psychology's wares
Psychology (52 works) · Social Psychology (37 works) · Social Psychology (21 works) · Computer Science (20 works) · Political science (14 works) · Cognitive psychology (13 works) · Philosophy (11 works) · Rumor (11 works) · Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence (9 works) · Linguistics (8 works)