Barbara Petrongolo
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 919880 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Barbara Petrongolo |
| PRENOMES | Barbara |
| SOBRENOME | Petrongolo |
| ASSINATURA | PETRONGOLO B |
| AFILIAÇÕES | London School of Economics and Political Science |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 19 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 134 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 19 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1999 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Taxes, Childcare, and Gender Identity Norms
We investigate the role of gender norms in shaping parental childcare following changes in the relative take-home pay of mothers and fathers. Exploiting variation from Swedish tax reforms, we estimate the elasticity of substitution in parental childcare for native and immigrant couples from a variety of countries characterized by varying gender norms. Couples originating from countries with relatively conservative norms are more likely to realloc…
Vacancy Duration and Wages
We estimate the elasticity of vacancy duration with respect to posted wages, using data from the near-universe of online job adverts in the United Kingdom. Our research design leverages firm-level wage policies that are plausibly exogenous to hiring difficulties on specific job vacancies, and controls for job and marketlevel fixed-effects. Wage policies are defined based on external information on pay settlements, or on sharp, internally-defined,…
Reservation Wages and the Wage Flexibility Puzzle
Using micro data for the UK and Germany, we provide novel evidence on the cyclical properties of reservation wages and estimate that wages and reservation wages are characterised by moderate and very similar degrees of cyclicality. Several job search models that quantitatively match the cyclicality of wages tend to overpredict the cyclicality in reservation wages. We show that this puzzle can be addressed when reservation wages display backward-l…
Men are from Mars, and Women Too
Gender differences in self‐confidence could explain women's under‐representation in high‐income occupations and glass‐ceiling effects. We draw lessons from the economic literature via a survey of experts and a Bayesian hierarchical model that aggregates experimental findings over the last 20 years. The experts’ survey indicates beliefs that men are overconfident and women underconfident. Yet the literature reveals that both men and women are typi…
Work, Care and Gender during the Covid‐19 Crisis
We explore the effects of the COVID‐19 crisis and the associated restrictions to economic activity on paid and unpaid work for men and women in the United Kingdom. Using data from the COVID‐19 supplement of Understanding Society, we find evidence that labour market outcomes of men and women were roughly equally affected at the extensive margin, as measured by the incidence of job loss or furloughing. But, if anything, women suffered smaller losse…
Can Helping the Sick Hurt the Able? Incentives, Information and Disruption in a Welfare Reform
The UK Jobcentre Plus reform sharpened bureaucratic incentives to help disability benefit recipients (relative to unemployment insurance recipients) into jobs. In the long run, the policy raised exits off diasability benefits by 10% and left unemployment outflows roughly unchanged, consistent with (i) beneficial effects of reorganising welfare offices for both groups, and (ii) a shift in bureaucrats' efforts towards getting disability benefit rec…
The gender gap in employment and wages
The Economic Consequences of Family Policies
By the early 21st century, most high-income countries have put into effect a host of generous and virtually gender-neutral parental leave policies and family benefits, with the multiple goals of gender equity, higher fertility, and child development. What have been the effects? Proponents typically emphasize the contribution of family policies to the goals of gender equity and child development, enabling women to combine careers and motherhood, a…
The Evolution of Gender Gaps in Industrialized Countries
Women in developed economies have made major advancements in labor markets throughout the past century, but remaining gender differences in pay and employment seem remarkably persistent. This article documents long-run trends in female employment, working hours, and relative wages for a wide cross section of developed economies. It reviews existing work on the factors driving gender convergence, and novel perspectives on remaining gender gaps. Fi…
Gender and the labor market
Genre et marché du travail
Les économistes expliquent généralement les différences de position sur le marché du travail entre hommes et femmes à l’aide de trois facteurs : la discrimination, des préférences différentes ou un écart de productivité. Ces facteurs sont cependant difficiles à démêler les uns des autres. L’approche expérimentale se donne pour but de produire des résultats robustes sur ces questions, et notamment sur l’analyse de la potentielle discrimination sur…
Worktime Regulations and Spousal Labor Supply
We study interdependencies in spousal labor supply by exploiting the design of the French workweek reduction, which introduced exogenous variation in one's spouse's labor supply, at constant earnings. Treated employees work on average two hours less per week. Husbands of treated women respond by reducing their labor supply by about half an hour, consistent with substantial leisure complementarity, and specifically cut the nonusual component of th…
Worktime Regulations and Spousal Labour Supply
Unequal Pay or Unequal Employment? A Cross‐Country Analysis of Gender Gaps
We analyze gender wage gaps correcting for sample selection induced by nonemployment. We recover wages for the nonemployed using alternative imputation techniques, simply requiring assumptions on the position of imputed wages with respect to the median. We obtain higher median wage gaps on imputed rather than actual wage distributions for several OECD countries. However, this difference is small in the United States, the United Kingdom, and most …
The Part‐Time Pay Penalty for Women in Britain
Women in Britain who work part-time have, on average, hourly earnings about 25% less than that of women working full-time. This gap has widened greatly over the past 30 years. This article tries to explain this part-time pay penalty. It shows that a sizeable part of the penalty can be explained by the differing characteristics of FT and PT women. Inclusion of standard demographics halves the estimate of the pay penalty. But inclusion of occupatio…
Scale Effects in Markets with Search
Estimates of aggregate matching functions may miss important scale effects in frictional labour markets because of the reactions of job seekers to scale. We estimate a semi-structural model of search and matching on a British sample of unemployed people, testing for scale effects on the probability of receiving an offer and on the distribution of wage offers. We find them only in wage offers but we also find that reservation wages rise to deliver…
Regional mismatch and unemployment
Looking into the Black Box
This paper surveys the microfoundations, empirical evidence, and estimation issues underlying the aggregate matching function. There is no consensus yet on microfoundations but one is emerging on estimation. An aggregate, constant returns, Cobb-Douglas matching function with hires as a function of vacancies and unemployment has been successfully estimated for several countries. Recent work has utilized disaggregated data to go beyond aggregate es…
Skill Mismatch and Unemployment in OECD Countries Marco Manacorda
This paper uses evidence on employment, labour force and wage differentials by education from OECD countries to investigate the characteristics and the consequences of a skill‐biased shift in the structure of labour demand and supply. The empirical analysis shows that there has been some increase in skill mismatch in a few OECD countries over the past two decades, but this has not been a generalized phenomenon. Moreover, the rise in mismatch cann…
The Part‐Time Pay Penalty for Women in Britain
Women in Britain who work part-time have, on average, hourly earnings about 25% less than that of women working full-time. This gap has widened greatly over the past 30 years. This article tries to explain this part-time pay penalty. It shows that a sizeable part of the penalty can be explained by the differing characteristics of FT and PT women. Inclusion of standard demographics halves the estimate of the pay penalty. But inclusion of occupatio…
The Economic Consequences of Family Policies
By the early 21st century, most high-income countries have put into effect a host of generous and virtually gender-neutral parental leave policies and family benefits, with the multiple goals of gender equity, higher fertility, and child development. What have been the effects? Proponents typically emphasize the contribution of family policies to the goals of gender equity and child development, enabling women to combine careers and motherhood, a…
Scale Effects in Markets with Search
Estimates of aggregate matching functions may miss important scale effects in frictional labour markets because of the reactions of job seekers to scale. We estimate a semi-structural model of search and matching on a British sample of unemployed people, testing for scale effects on the probability of receiving an offer and on the distribution of wage offers. We find them only in wage offers but we also find that reservation wages rise to deliver…
Regional mismatch and unemployment
The gender gap in employment and wages
Can Helping the Sick Hurt the Able? Incentives, Information and Disruption in a Welfare Reform
The UK Jobcentre Plus reform sharpened bureaucratic incentives to help disability benefit recipients (relative to unemployment insurance recipients) into jobs. In the long run, the policy raised exits off diasability benefits by 10% and left unemployment outflows roughly unchanged, consistent with (i) beneficial effects of reorganising welfare offices for both groups, and (ii) a shift in bureaucrats' efforts towards getting disability benefit rec…
Skill Mismatch and Unemployment in OECD Countries Marco Manacorda
This paper uses evidence on employment, labour force and wage differentials by education from OECD countries to investigate the characteristics and the consequences of a skill‐biased shift in the structure of labour demand and supply. The empirical analysis shows that there has been some increase in skill mismatch in a few OECD countries over the past two decades, but this has not been a generalized phenomenon. Moreover, the rise in mismatch cann…
Skill Mismatch and Unemployment in OECD Countries Marco Manacorda
This paper uses evidence on employment, labour force and wage differentials by education from OECD countries to investigate the characteristics and the consequences of a skill‐biased shift in the structure of labour demand and supply. The empirical analysis shows that there has been some increase in skill mismatch in a few OECD countries over the past two decades, but this has not been a generalized phenomenon. Moreover, the rise in mismatch cann…
Looking into the Black Box
This paper surveys the microfoundations, empirical evidence, and estimation issues underlying the aggregate matching function. There is no consensus yet on microfoundations but one is emerging on estimation. An aggregate, constant returns, Cobb-Douglas matching function with hires as a function of vacancies and unemployment has been successfully estimated for several countries. Recent work has utilized disaggregated data to go beyond aggregate es…
Regional mismatch and unemployment
Scale Effects in Markets with Search
Estimates of aggregate matching functions may miss important scale effects in frictional labour markets because of the reactions of job seekers to scale. We estimate a semi-structural model of search and matching on a British sample of unemployed people, testing for scale effects on the probability of receiving an offer and on the distribution of wage offers. We find them only in wage offers but we also find that reservation wages rise to deliver…
Unequal Pay or Unequal Employment? A Cross‐Country Analysis of Gender Gaps
We analyze gender wage gaps correcting for sample selection induced by nonemployment. We recover wages for the nonemployed using alternative imputation techniques, simply requiring assumptions on the position of imputed wages with respect to the median. We obtain higher median wage gaps on imputed rather than actual wage distributions for several OECD countries. However, this difference is small in the United States, the United Kingdom, and most …
The Part‐Time Pay Penalty for Women in Britain
Women in Britain who work part-time have, on average, hourly earnings about 25% less than that of women working full-time. This gap has widened greatly over the past 30 years. This article tries to explain this part-time pay penalty. It shows that a sizeable part of the penalty can be explained by the differing characteristics of FT and PT women. Inclusion of standard demographics halves the estimate of the pay penalty. But inclusion of occupatio…
Worktime Regulations and Spousal Labour Supply
Worktime Regulations and Spousal Labor Supply
We study interdependencies in spousal labor supply by exploiting the design of the French workweek reduction, which introduced exogenous variation in one's spouse's labor supply, at constant earnings. Treated employees work on average two hours less per week. Husbands of treated women respond by reducing their labor supply by about half an hour, consistent with substantial leisure complementarity, and specifically cut the nonusual component of th…
Gender and the labor market
Genre et marché du travail
Les économistes expliquent généralement les différences de position sur le marché du travail entre hommes et femmes à l’aide de trois facteurs : la discrimination, des préférences différentes ou un écart de productivité. Ces facteurs sont cependant difficiles à démêler les uns des autres. L’approche expérimentale se donne pour but de produire des résultats robustes sur ces questions, et notamment sur l’analyse de la potentielle discrimination sur…
The Evolution of Gender Gaps in Industrialized Countries
Women in developed economies have made major advancements in labor markets throughout the past century, but remaining gender differences in pay and employment seem remarkably persistent. This article documents long-run trends in female employment, working hours, and relative wages for a wide cross section of developed economies. It reviews existing work on the factors driving gender convergence, and novel perspectives on remaining gender gaps. Fi…
The Economic Consequences of Family Policies
By the early 21st century, most high-income countries have put into effect a host of generous and virtually gender-neutral parental leave policies and family benefits, with the multiple goals of gender equity, higher fertility, and child development. What have been the effects? Proponents typically emphasize the contribution of family policies to the goals of gender equity and child development, enabling women to combine careers and motherhood, a…
Can Helping the Sick Hurt the Able? Incentives, Information and Disruption in a Welfare Reform
The UK Jobcentre Plus reform sharpened bureaucratic incentives to help disability benefit recipients (relative to unemployment insurance recipients) into jobs. In the long run, the policy raised exits off diasability benefits by 10% and left unemployment outflows roughly unchanged, consistent with (i) beneficial effects of reorganising welfare offices for both groups, and (ii) a shift in bureaucrats' efforts towards getting disability benefit rec…
The gender gap in employment and wages
Work, Care and Gender during the Covid‐19 Crisis
We explore the effects of the COVID‐19 crisis and the associated restrictions to economic activity on paid and unpaid work for men and women in the United Kingdom. Using data from the COVID‐19 supplement of Understanding Society, we find evidence that labour market outcomes of men and women were roughly equally affected at the extensive margin, as measured by the incidence of job loss or furloughing. But, if anything, women suffered smaller losse…
Men are from Mars, and Women Too
Gender differences in self‐confidence could explain women's under‐representation in high‐income occupations and glass‐ceiling effects. We draw lessons from the economic literature via a survey of experts and a Bayesian hierarchical model that aggregates experimental findings over the last 20 years. The experts’ survey indicates beliefs that men are overconfident and women underconfident. Yet the literature reveals that both men and women are typi…
Reservation Wages and the Wage Flexibility Puzzle
Using micro data for the UK and Germany, we provide novel evidence on the cyclical properties of reservation wages and estimate that wages and reservation wages are characterised by moderate and very similar degrees of cyclicality. Several job search models that quantitatively match the cyclicality of wages tend to overpredict the cyclicality in reservation wages. We show that this puzzle can be addressed when reservation wages display backward-l…
Vacancy Duration and Wages
We estimate the elasticity of vacancy duration with respect to posted wages, using data from the near-universe of online job adverts in the United Kingdom. Our research design leverages firm-level wage policies that are plausibly exogenous to hiring difficulties on specific job vacancies, and controls for job and marketlevel fixed-effects. Wage policies are defined based on external information on pay settlements, or on sharp, internally-defined,…
Taxes, Childcare, and Gender Identity Norms
We investigate the role of gender norms in shaping parental childcare following changes in the relative take-home pay of mothers and fathers. Exploiting variation from Swedish tax reforms, we estimate the elasticity of substitution in parental childcare for native and immigrant couples from a variety of countries characterized by varying gender norms. Couples originating from countries with relatively conservative norms are more likely to realloc…
Economics (18 obras) · Labour economics (13 obras) · Labor market dynamics and wage inequality (11 obras) · Demographic economics (10 obras) · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics (9 obras) · Sociology (7 obras) · Economic growth (5 obras) · Unemployment (5 obras) · Computer Science (4 obras) · Earnings (4 obras)