Irina P Alaeva
Biographic Data
| ID | 92656 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Irina P Alaeva |
| GIVEN NAMES | Irina P |
| FAMILY NAME | Alaeva |
| SIGNATURE | ALAEVA I P |
| AFFILIATIONS | South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8322-5835 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 24 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 30 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 24 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2016 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Cappametry of the late Bronze Age cultural layer: Issues of application and findings interpretation
The paper presents the cappametry findings on 102 soil samples taken from the layer of three Bronze Age sites in the Southern Trans-Urals. These sites list the Zvyagino-4 settlement, the Zvyagino-1 burial ground, and the Chebarkul III settlement. The analysis of soil samples from different contexts provide data on the distribution of magnetic susceptibility values. The layers from the filling of the Fedorovka culture burials contain cremation rem…
A Metal Complex from the Krivoe Ozero I (Nagaibakskoe) Settlement: New Data on Metalworking Among the Population of the Alakul Culture
The Krivoe Ozero I (Nagaibakskoe) settlement is one of the largest sites of the Alakul culture of the Bronze Age in the Southern Trans-Urals. The archaeological survey of the site, test trench of the cultural layer, and many artifacts collected from the settlement indicate that this was a single-layer site of the Bronze Age, covering the area of about 47 000 m2. The settlement consisted of at least 34 dwellings which were located in five or six p…
Whetstones: Spectrum of metal tool sharpening operations in the Bronze Age of the Southern Trans-Urals, Russia
Archaeozoology of the Zvyagino-4 settlement of the Alakul Culture in the context of different cultural deposits
This work is dedicated to the discussion of results of the study of archeozoological collection from the set-tlement of Zvyagino-4 (18th-17th centuries BC) of the Alakul Culture in the forest-steppe part of the Southern Trans-Urals. The paper presents the results of a basic archaeozoological study and provides the characteristics of the herd of domestic animals. A contextual analysis of animal bones from different layers of the site has been carr…
Unidentified artifacts and ornament production in the Late Bronze Age of the Southern Trans-Urals
Materials of archaeological excavations of the Bronze Age sites contain many items, the functions of which are quite difficult to determine. The subject of this study is a group of artifacts that, in our opinion, are related to the production of ornaments: ceramic saucers with signs, molds, cross-shaped pendants. A number of molds and ceramic saucers contain prints similar in form to cross-shaped pendants - the only type of molded ornaments in th…
Experience of electrical survey of the Bronze Age Zvyagino-4 settlement site (Southern Trans-Urals)
The paper presents the findings of electrical survey of Zvyagino-4 unfortified settlement of the Alakul culture (1700s–1600s BC). The settlement is found in the forest-steppe part of the Southern Trans-Urals. The study uses total station survey, digital surface modelling and electromagnetic profiling (with AEMP-14 electromagnetic frequency sensing equipment) and investigates the territory of the Bronze Age site. The most significant findings were…
Radiocarbon Chronology of the Bronze Age Fedorovka Culture (New Data Relevant to an Earlier Problem)
Представлены результаты раскопок и датирования могильника федоровской культуры Звягино-1 в Южном Зауралье. Памятник состоит из 12 небольших курганов, в каждом из них от одной до трех могил разной конструкции, покойные кремированы, в составе инвентаря типичная посуда федоровской культуры. Датированы кости домашних животных, находившиеся на подкурганной площадке либо в могильной яме. Новые даты сопоставлены с полученными ранее. Статистический анали…
The Geochemistry of Unalloyed Copper Metallurgical Group Indicates Copper Ore Sources in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages of the Urals
Представлены результаты исследования элементов-примесей в артефактах, относящихся к металлургической группе «чистой» меди, с памятников позднего бронзового и раннего железного веков Урала с использованием метода масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой и лазерным пробоотбором. Состав металла артефактов имеет геохимические маркеры, позволяющие разделить «чистую» медь на несколько подгрупп. По результатам анализа главных компонент элементо…
Radiocarbon Chronology of the Bronze Age Fedorovka Culture (New Data Relevant to an Earlier Problem)
This article presents the results of excavations and dating of the Fedorovka culture cemetery of Zvyagino-1 in the Southern Trans-Urals. It consists of 12 small kurgans, each of which contains from one to three differently arranged graves with cremations. The funerary items include typical Fedorovka clay vessels. We estimated the age of bones of domestic animals found on the area under the kurgan or in graves. The new dates were compared with tho…
The Geochemistry of Unalloyed Copper Metallurgical Group Indicates Copper Ore Sources in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages of the Urals
Trace elements in copper artifacts from Late Bronze and Early Iron Age sites in the Urals, formerly attributed to the metallurgical group of “chemically pure” copper, were analyzed using the method of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The metal of which artifacts included in this group are made reveals geochemical markers suggesting that “pure” copper actually falls into several subgroups. The PCA analysis of the result…
Chemistry of tin bronzes and possible sources of tin in the Urals and Kazakhstan in the Late Bronze Age
The article discusses geochemical groups identified according to the results of the LA-ISP-MS analysis of tin bronzes of the Ural-Kazakhstan region of the Late Bronze Age. Based on the statistical analysis of 13 impurity ele-ments of 74 bronze and tin-containing copper products from the sites of the 2nd - early 1st mil BC in the Southern Trans-Urals and Northern Kazakhstan, seven chemically contrasting groups have been identified, which mark vari…
Mineralogical and Geochemical Research on Evidence of Alakul Metal Production at the Vorovskaya Yama Mine (Southern Trans-Urals)
The article discusses the processes of Alakul metal production at the Vorovskaya Yama copper mine (Southern Trans-Urals, middle of the 2nd millennium BC). The study sources are the materials of the 2021 excavation site including ruined remains of heating facilities, metallurgical slag and slagged ceramics. The research employed optical and electron microscopy, XRF and LA-ICP-MS methods. It was established that technological operations at the depo…
The nature of some Late Bronze Age iron-bearing artefacts of the Ural-Kazakhstan region
The problem of the beginning of iron production in the Late Bronze Age of the Ural-Kazakhstan region is dis-cussed. For this, 13 iron-bearing artefacts from nine settlements that functioned in the 2nd mil. BC were studied using the SEM-EDS and LA-ICP-MS methods: metal objects, metallurgical slags, and a bimetallic droplet. Most of the studied artefacts are not related to the iron metallurgy. High ferric impurities in copper metal products of the …
The Copper Smelting Furnace at the Novotemirsky Ancient Mine
The paper presents research results of the copper smelting furnace at the turn of the 3rd/2nd millennium BC discovered in the ancient mine Novotemirsky. This is the first evidence of the metals smelting from ores directly at the deposit in the Bronze Age of the Southern Trans- Urals. The technology of smelting metals from ores (the furnace structure, the type of ores and slags, the melting temperature, and the metal composition) was determined us…
Radiocarbon chronology of Bronze Age mines in the Southern Trans-Urals: First Results
“Steppe Corridors” of Alakul Pastoralists: Isotope and Paleobotanical Studies at the Chebarkul Iii Settlement
The paper is devoted to the determination of the preferred ecological niche of the Alakul population of the forest-steppe Trans-Urals and considers the problem of Andronovo colonization in the northern direction. Radiocarbon dating, paleobotanical and isotopic studies were carried out based on the Chebarkul III settlement materials. The Alakul period of the settlement dates back to the 18th–17th centuries BC. The species composition of plants fro…
From Ore to Metal: Exploitation of the Novotemirsky Mine, Southern Trans-Urals, in the Second Millennium BC
Новотемирский рудник стал первым памятником горного дела в Южном Зауралье, на котором проведены раскопки широкими площадями. Получены новые данные о технологиях первых металлургов региона, а также характере их развития на протяжении II тыс. до н.э. Вскрытие культурного слоя выявило свидетельства всех стадий металлопроизводства бронзового века. Горное дело отражают выработки различной морфологии и прилегающие к ним отвалы. Впервые в бронзовом веке…
The Chaine Operatoire of Bronze Age Mining: Tools From the Novotemirsky Copper Mine (Southern Trans-Urals)
The paper is devoted to the problem of the development level and organization models of mining within the Eurasian metallurgical province of the Late Bronze Age in the 2nd millennium BC. The main research aim is to determine the chain of technological processes taking place at the Novotemirsky ancient mine in the Southern Trans-Urals. The sources of raw materials, traces of use, and functional identification of stone (n=58) and bone tools (n=1) w…
From Ore to Metal: Exploitation of the Novotemirsky Mine, Southern Trans-Urals, in the Second Millennium BC
The Novotemirsky mine was the first in the Southeastern Urals to have large areas of the site uncovered. This has yielded new information on the technologies practiced by the first metallurgists in the region and on the evolution of these practices in the second millennium BC. Cultural layers revealed evidence of all stages of Bronze Age metal production. Mining is documented by pits of various forms and adjoining waste dumps. This is the first t…
Labor and Food of Bronze Age Miners in the Southern Trans-Urals (based on the strontium isotopic composition in the Novotemirsky mine osteological remains)
The article addresses organization of Late Bronze Age mining in the Southern Trans-Urals, in particular the degrees of its specialization and the scale of exchange operations. The main object is bone remains from the cultural layer of the II millennium BC of the Novotemirsky mine. The species and age composition of domestic animals are similar to the settlement materials of the Sintashta, Srubnaya-Alakul, and Sargary-Alekseevo settlements of the …
Pottery complex of the Bronze Age burial ground of Kulevchi VI: Typology and Technical-Technological Analysis
This paper presents the results of the typological study and technical-technological analysis of the pottery complex from the Late Bronze Age burial ground of Kulevchi VI (Southern Ural, Russia). The typological analysis of 107 objects yielded 10 types of the vessels correlated with four cultural and chronological groups: Petrovka; Early Alakul; Alakul and Alakul-Fedorov. The presence of all designated groups and types of vessels in the burial gr…
Study of the Cultural Layer of Chelyabinsk in the Territory of Zarechye
In 2016 in the area across the river of the Chelyabinsk city the investigation was carried out of the territory of the Kaslinskaya street to south of the Ryabinin’s famous manor-house (first mentioned in 1885). According to the results of the excavations, it was established that the site under investigation was developed in the second half of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, which confirms the fact that the outskirts of the Zarechye …
Textile in the Bronze Age of the Southern Trans-Urals and Northern Kazakhstan
In this paper, we explore the technological characteristics of the Bronze Age cloths produced by the Sintashta, Petrovka and Alakul archaeological cultures. It employs a detailed structural analysis of textile prints on ceramic vessels which were found in cemeteries from the Southern Trans-Urals and Northern Kazakhstan, dated back to the first half of the 2nd millennium BC. Plain weave dominates in the fabric and is divided into four types accord…
The Early Sites of the Alakul Culture in the Ural-Kazakhstan Region
The paper was written as part of the discussions about the S.A. Grigoriev view on particular origins of the Alakul culture in the forest-steppe Trans-Urals. S.A. Grigoriev identified categories early Alakul sites, which are not related to Petrovka culture and synchronized them with Sintashta period. The author of this paper raises the problem of similarity and diversity of early stage of the Alakul culture in different regions of the Ural-Kazakhs…
Radiocarbon chronology of Bronze Age mines in the Southern Trans-Urals: First Results
Pottery complex of the Bronze Age burial ground of Kulevchi VI: Typology and Technical-Technological Analysis
This paper presents the results of the typological study and technical-technological analysis of the pottery complex from the Late Bronze Age burial ground of Kulevchi VI (Southern Ural, Russia). The typological analysis of 107 objects yielded 10 types of the vessels correlated with four cultural and chronological groups: Petrovka; Early Alakul; Alakul and Alakul-Fedorov. The presence of all designated groups and types of vessels in the burial gr…
From Ore to Metal: Exploitation of the Novotemirsky Mine, Southern Trans-Urals, in the Second Millennium BC
The Novotemirsky mine was the first in the Southeastern Urals to have large areas of the site uncovered. This has yielded new information on the technologies practiced by the first metallurgists in the region and on the evolution of these practices in the second millennium BC. Cultural layers revealed evidence of all stages of Bronze Age metal production. Mining is documented by pits of various forms and adjoining waste dumps. This is the first t…
The Geochemistry of Unalloyed Copper Metallurgical Group Indicates Copper Ore Sources in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages of the Urals
Trace elements in copper artifacts from Late Bronze and Early Iron Age sites in the Urals, formerly attributed to the metallurgical group of “chemically pure” copper, were analyzed using the method of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The metal of which artifacts included in this group are made reveals geochemical markers suggesting that “pure” copper actually falls into several subgroups. The PCA analysis of the result…
Radiocarbon Chronology of the Bronze Age Fedorovka Culture (New Data Relevant to an Earlier Problem)
This article presents the results of excavations and dating of the Fedorovka culture cemetery of Zvyagino-1 in the Southern Trans-Urals. It consists of 12 small kurgans, each of which contains from one to three differently arranged graves with cremations. The funerary items include typical Fedorovka clay vessels. We estimated the age of bones of domestic animals found on the area under the kurgan or in graves. The new dates were compared with tho…
Chemistry of tin bronzes and possible sources of tin in the Urals and Kazakhstan in the Late Bronze Age
The article discusses geochemical groups identified according to the results of the LA-ISP-MS analysis of tin bronzes of the Ural-Kazakhstan region of the Late Bronze Age. Based on the statistical analysis of 13 impurity ele-ments of 74 bronze and tin-containing copper products from the sites of the 2nd - early 1st mil BC in the Southern Trans-Urals and Northern Kazakhstan, seven chemically contrasting groups have been identified, which mark vari…
The nature of some Late Bronze Age iron-bearing artefacts of the Ural-Kazakhstan region
The problem of the beginning of iron production in the Late Bronze Age of the Ural-Kazakhstan region is dis-cussed. For this, 13 iron-bearing artefacts from nine settlements that functioned in the 2nd mil. BC were studied using the SEM-EDS and LA-ICP-MS methods: metal objects, metallurgical slags, and a bimetallic droplet. Most of the studied artefacts are not related to the iron metallurgy. High ferric impurities in copper metal products of the …
The Copper Smelting Furnace at the Novotemirsky Ancient Mine
The paper presents research results of the copper smelting furnace at the turn of the 3rd/2nd millennium BC discovered in the ancient mine Novotemirsky. This is the first evidence of the metals smelting from ores directly at the deposit in the Bronze Age of the Southern Trans- Urals. The technology of smelting metals from ores (the furnace structure, the type of ores and slags, the melting temperature, and the metal composition) was determined us…
Labor and Food of Bronze Age Miners in the Southern Trans-Urals (based on the strontium isotopic composition in the Novotemirsky mine osteological remains)
The article addresses organization of Late Bronze Age mining in the Southern Trans-Urals, in particular the degrees of its specialization and the scale of exchange operations. The main object is bone remains from the cultural layer of the II millennium BC of the Novotemirsky mine. The species and age composition of domestic animals are similar to the settlement materials of the Sintashta, Srubnaya-Alakul, and Sargary-Alekseevo settlements of the …
Textile in the Bronze Age of the Southern Trans-Urals and Northern Kazakhstan
In this paper, we explore the technological characteristics of the Bronze Age cloths produced by the Sintashta, Petrovka and Alakul archaeological cultures. It employs a detailed structural analysis of textile prints on ceramic vessels which were found in cemeteries from the Southern Trans-Urals and Northern Kazakhstan, dated back to the first half of the 2nd millennium BC. Plain weave dominates in the fabric and is divided into four types accord…
The Early Sites of the Alakul Culture in the Ural-Kazakhstan Region
The paper was written as part of the discussions about the S.A. Grigoriev view on particular origins of the Alakul culture in the forest-steppe Trans-Urals. S.A. Grigoriev identified categories early Alakul sites, which are not related to Petrovka culture and synchronized them with Sintashta period. The author of this paper raises the problem of similarity and diversity of early stage of the Alakul culture in different regions of the Ural-Kazakhs…
The Early Sites of the Alakul Culture in the Ural-Kazakhstan Region
The paper was written as part of the discussions about the S.A. Grigoriev view on particular origins of the Alakul culture in the forest-steppe Trans-Urals. S.A. Grigoriev identified categories early Alakul sites, which are not related to Petrovka culture and synchronized them with Sintashta period. The author of this paper raises the problem of similarity and diversity of early stage of the Alakul culture in different regions of the Ural-Kazakhs…
Textile in the Bronze Age of the Southern Trans-Urals and Northern Kazakhstan
In this paper, we explore the technological characteristics of the Bronze Age cloths produced by the Sintashta, Petrovka and Alakul archaeological cultures. It employs a detailed structural analysis of textile prints on ceramic vessels which were found in cemeteries from the Southern Trans-Urals and Northern Kazakhstan, dated back to the first half of the 2nd millennium BC. Plain weave dominates in the fabric and is divided into four types accord…
Study of the Cultural Layer of Chelyabinsk in the Territory of Zarechye
In 2016 in the area across the river of the Chelyabinsk city the investigation was carried out of the territory of the Kaslinskaya street to south of the Ryabinin’s famous manor-house (first mentioned in 1885). According to the results of the excavations, it was established that the site under investigation was developed in the second half of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, which confirms the fact that the outskirts of the Zarechye …
Pottery complex of the Bronze Age burial ground of Kulevchi VI: Typology and Technical-Technological Analysis
This paper presents the results of the typological study and technical-technological analysis of the pottery complex from the Late Bronze Age burial ground of Kulevchi VI (Southern Ural, Russia). The typological analysis of 107 objects yielded 10 types of the vessels correlated with four cultural and chronological groups: Petrovka; Early Alakul; Alakul and Alakul-Fedorov. The presence of all designated groups and types of vessels in the burial gr…
“Steppe Corridors” of Alakul Pastoralists: Isotope and Paleobotanical Studies at the Chebarkul Iii Settlement
The paper is devoted to the determination of the preferred ecological niche of the Alakul population of the forest-steppe Trans-Urals and considers the problem of Andronovo colonization in the northern direction. Radiocarbon dating, paleobotanical and isotopic studies were carried out based on the Chebarkul III settlement materials. The Alakul period of the settlement dates back to the 18th–17th centuries BC. The species composition of plants fro…
From Ore to Metal: Exploitation of the Novotemirsky Mine, Southern Trans-Urals, in the Second Millennium BC
Новотемирский рудник стал первым памятником горного дела в Южном Зауралье, на котором проведены раскопки широкими площадями. Получены новые данные о технологиях первых металлургов региона, а также характере их развития на протяжении II тыс. до н.э. Вскрытие культурного слоя выявило свидетельства всех стадий металлопроизводства бронзового века. Горное дело отражают выработки различной морфологии и прилегающие к ним отвалы. Впервые в бронзовом веке…
The Chaine Operatoire of Bronze Age Mining: Tools From the Novotemirsky Copper Mine (Southern Trans-Urals)
The paper is devoted to the problem of the development level and organization models of mining within the Eurasian metallurgical province of the Late Bronze Age in the 2nd millennium BC. The main research aim is to determine the chain of technological processes taking place at the Novotemirsky ancient mine in the Southern Trans-Urals. The sources of raw materials, traces of use, and functional identification of stone (n=58) and bone tools (n=1) w…
From Ore to Metal: Exploitation of the Novotemirsky Mine, Southern Trans-Urals, in the Second Millennium BC
The Novotemirsky mine was the first in the Southeastern Urals to have large areas of the site uncovered. This has yielded new information on the technologies practiced by the first metallurgists in the region and on the evolution of these practices in the second millennium BC. Cultural layers revealed evidence of all stages of Bronze Age metal production. Mining is documented by pits of various forms and adjoining waste dumps. This is the first t…
Labor and Food of Bronze Age Miners in the Southern Trans-Urals (based on the strontium isotopic composition in the Novotemirsky mine osteological remains)
The article addresses organization of Late Bronze Age mining in the Southern Trans-Urals, in particular the degrees of its specialization and the scale of exchange operations. The main object is bone remains from the cultural layer of the II millennium BC of the Novotemirsky mine. The species and age composition of domestic animals are similar to the settlement materials of the Sintashta, Srubnaya-Alakul, and Sargary-Alekseevo settlements of the …
The Copper Smelting Furnace at the Novotemirsky Ancient Mine
The paper presents research results of the copper smelting furnace at the turn of the 3rd/2nd millennium BC discovered in the ancient mine Novotemirsky. This is the first evidence of the metals smelting from ores directly at the deposit in the Bronze Age of the Southern Trans- Urals. The technology of smelting metals from ores (the furnace structure, the type of ores and slags, the melting temperature, and the metal composition) was determined us…
Radiocarbon chronology of Bronze Age mines in the Southern Trans-Urals: First Results
Mineralogical and Geochemical Research on Evidence of Alakul Metal Production at the Vorovskaya Yama Mine (Southern Trans-Urals)
The article discusses the processes of Alakul metal production at the Vorovskaya Yama copper mine (Southern Trans-Urals, middle of the 2nd millennium BC). The study sources are the materials of the 2021 excavation site including ruined remains of heating facilities, metallurgical slag and slagged ceramics. The research employed optical and electron microscopy, XRF and LA-ICP-MS methods. It was established that technological operations at the depo…
The nature of some Late Bronze Age iron-bearing artefacts of the Ural-Kazakhstan region
The problem of the beginning of iron production in the Late Bronze Age of the Ural-Kazakhstan region is dis-cussed. For this, 13 iron-bearing artefacts from nine settlements that functioned in the 2nd mil. BC were studied using the SEM-EDS and LA-ICP-MS methods: metal objects, metallurgical slags, and a bimetallic droplet. Most of the studied artefacts are not related to the iron metallurgy. High ferric impurities in copper metal products of the …
Experience of electrical survey of the Bronze Age Zvyagino-4 settlement site (Southern Trans-Urals)
The paper presents the findings of electrical survey of Zvyagino-4 unfortified settlement of the Alakul culture (1700s–1600s BC). The settlement is found in the forest-steppe part of the Southern Trans-Urals. The study uses total station survey, digital surface modelling and electromagnetic profiling (with AEMP-14 electromagnetic frequency sensing equipment) and investigates the territory of the Bronze Age site. The most significant findings were…
Radiocarbon Chronology of the Bronze Age Fedorovka Culture (New Data Relevant to an Earlier Problem)
Представлены результаты раскопок и датирования могильника федоровской культуры Звягино-1 в Южном Зауралье. Памятник состоит из 12 небольших курганов, в каждом из них от одной до трех могил разной конструкции, покойные кремированы, в составе инвентаря типичная посуда федоровской культуры. Датированы кости домашних животных, находившиеся на подкурганной площадке либо в могильной яме. Новые даты сопоставлены с полученными ранее. Статистический анали…
The Geochemistry of Unalloyed Copper Metallurgical Group Indicates Copper Ore Sources in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages of the Urals
Представлены результаты исследования элементов-примесей в артефактах, относящихся к металлургической группе «чистой» меди, с памятников позднего бронзового и раннего железного веков Урала с использованием метода масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой и лазерным пробоотбором. Состав металла артефактов имеет геохимические маркеры, позволяющие разделить «чистую» медь на несколько подгрупп. По результатам анализа главных компонент элементо…
Radiocarbon Chronology of the Bronze Age Fedorovka Culture (New Data Relevant to an Earlier Problem)
This article presents the results of excavations and dating of the Fedorovka culture cemetery of Zvyagino-1 in the Southern Trans-Urals. It consists of 12 small kurgans, each of which contains from one to three differently arranged graves with cremations. The funerary items include typical Fedorovka clay vessels. We estimated the age of bones of domestic animals found on the area under the kurgan or in graves. The new dates were compared with tho…
The Geochemistry of Unalloyed Copper Metallurgical Group Indicates Copper Ore Sources in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages of the Urals
Trace elements in copper artifacts from Late Bronze and Early Iron Age sites in the Urals, formerly attributed to the metallurgical group of “chemically pure” copper, were analyzed using the method of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The metal of which artifacts included in this group are made reveals geochemical markers suggesting that “pure” copper actually falls into several subgroups. The PCA analysis of the result…
Chemistry of tin bronzes and possible sources of tin in the Urals and Kazakhstan in the Late Bronze Age
The article discusses geochemical groups identified according to the results of the LA-ISP-MS analysis of tin bronzes of the Ural-Kazakhstan region of the Late Bronze Age. Based on the statistical analysis of 13 impurity ele-ments of 74 bronze and tin-containing copper products from the sites of the 2nd - early 1st mil BC in the Southern Trans-Urals and Northern Kazakhstan, seven chemically contrasting groups have been identified, which mark vari…
Cappametry of the late Bronze Age cultural layer: Issues of application and findings interpretation
The paper presents the cappametry findings on 102 soil samples taken from the layer of three Bronze Age sites in the Southern Trans-Urals. These sites list the Zvyagino-4 settlement, the Zvyagino-1 burial ground, and the Chebarkul III settlement. The analysis of soil samples from different contexts provide data on the distribution of magnetic susceptibility values. The layers from the filling of the Fedorovka culture burials contain cremation rem…
A Metal Complex from the Krivoe Ozero I (Nagaibakskoe) Settlement: New Data on Metalworking Among the Population of the Alakul Culture
The Krivoe Ozero I (Nagaibakskoe) settlement is one of the largest sites of the Alakul culture of the Bronze Age in the Southern Trans-Urals. The archaeological survey of the site, test trench of the cultural layer, and many artifacts collected from the settlement indicate that this was a single-layer site of the Bronze Age, covering the area of about 47 000 m2. The settlement consisted of at least 34 dwellings which were located in five or six p…
Whetstones: Spectrum of metal tool sharpening operations in the Bronze Age of the Southern Trans-Urals, Russia
Archaeozoology of the Zvyagino-4 settlement of the Alakul Culture in the context of different cultural deposits
This work is dedicated to the discussion of results of the study of archeozoological collection from the set-tlement of Zvyagino-4 (18th-17th centuries BC) of the Alakul Culture in the forest-steppe part of the Southern Trans-Urals. The paper presents the results of a basic archaeozoological study and provides the characteristics of the herd of domestic animals. A contextual analysis of animal bones from different layers of the site has been carr…
Unidentified artifacts and ornament production in the Late Bronze Age of the Southern Trans-Urals
Materials of archaeological excavations of the Bronze Age sites contain many items, the functions of which are quite difficult to determine. The subject of this study is a group of artifacts that, in our opinion, are related to the production of ornaments: ceramic saucers with signs, molds, cross-shaped pendants. A number of molds and ceramic saucers contain prints similar in form to cross-shaped pendants - the only type of molded ornaments in th…
Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (19 works) · Geography (18 works) · Archaeology (17 works) · Bronze Age (16 works) · Bronze (13 works) · Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies (9 works) · Geology (9 works) · Materials Science (9 works) · Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts (9 works) · Ancient history (8 works)