M Chazan
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 9359 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | M Chazan |
| NOMBRES | M |
| APELLIDO | Chazan |
| FIRMA | CHAZAN M |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Toronto |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1236-5368 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 66 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 961 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 66 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1990 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 17 |
The evolution of fire and ritual
Durkheim envisioned the evolution of religion as an expression of the dialectical relationship between people living in society with the forces that emerge from this society. His evolutionary scenario was built on living and historic societies, primarily Aboriginal Australians, Biblical Jews, Catholics, and 19th Century cosmopolitan Europeans. This article explores the potential of applying Durkheim’s conceptual framework to the palaeoanthropolog…
Geophysics to investigate landscape archaeology at Kathu, South Africa
geophysics to investigate landscape archaeology at two sites near Kathu, SA; magnetometry and ground-penetrating radar images a buried river channel; seismic tomography images karst features as well as a hardened lithic-rich layer
The anthropological sense
Wonderwerk Cave and the Kathu Complex, South Africa
Kathu Pan 6
This paper presents preliminary results from a newly excavated open-air Later Stone Age site attributed to the Wilton Industry at Kathu Pan 6 in the Northern Cape Province of South Africa. Basic data on the lithics, fauna (including a large ivory fragment), and ostrich eggshell (including beads) recovered during two seasons of excavation (2016–2017) are presented and this material is contextualized through comparison with neighboring sites. Spati…
Nathan Schlanger. 2023. L'invention de la technologie
Nathan Schlanger. 2023. L'invention de la technologie: une histoire intellectuelle avec André Leroi-Gourhan. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France; 978-2-13-083395-6 paperback €26. - Volume 97 Issue 395
Geological and Archeological Insight into Site Formation Processes and Acheulean Occupation at Wonderwerk Cave, Northern Cape Province, South Africa
Wonderwerk Cave, Northern Cape Province
Localities in the interior of South Africa, such as Taung and Vaal River sites, were intensively researched after hominins were discovered (Péringuey, 1911; Dart, 1925a; Goodwin, 1928), but then neglected for the fossil-rich, dolomitic breccia sites in Gauteng Province (e.g., Cooke, 1963, 1967; Vrba, 1976; Brain, 1981, Brain and Sillen, 1988; Bamford, 1999; Pickering and Kramers, 2010; Herries and Shaw, 2011; Reynolds et al., 2011; Lee-Thorp and …
The Fauresmith and Cultural Dynamics at the End of the Southern African Earlier Stone Age
The Fauresmith refers to a poorly defined archeological entity that is transitional between the Earlier and Middle Stone Age in southern Africa and that has tentatively also been identified in East Africa. Recent research on sites in the Northern Cape Province of South Africa supports the validity of the Fauresmith while indicating that there is considerable variation in the lithic assemblages. There are significant cultural developments associat…
Understanding the Impact of Trampling on Rodent Bones
Experiments based on the premise of uniformitarism are an effective tool to establish patterns of taphonomic processes acting either before, or after, burial. One process that has been extensively investigated experimentally is the impact of trampling to large mammal bones. Since trampling marks caused by sedimentary friction strongly mimic cut marks made by humans using stone tools during butchery, distinguishing the origin of such modifications…
Obituary
Like the novelist Amos Oz and the poet Yehuda Amichai, Ofer Bar-Yosef (Fig. 1) grew up in Jerusalem as the British Mandate came to a close and waves of Jewish immigration transformed the region.Ofer was ten years old when the State of Israel declared its independence.As Amos Oz describes, this was a world of resilience, cosmopolitan intellectualism, and the emergence of Hebrew as a living language
Early hominin group size
Exploring the Later Stone Age at a micro-scale
The owl that never left! Taphonomy of Earlier Stone Age small mammal assemblages from Wonderwerk Cave (South Africa)
Wonderwerk Cave, in South Africa, is an exceptional site that has yielded a large collection of small mammal fossils in a stratigraphic sequence reaching back ca. 2 million years. Taphonomic studies undertaken to date, show that Tytonidae (likely Tyto alba) was the dominant predator during the Earlier Stone Age. They produced masses of pellets that formed a dense carpet-like surface that covered the cave floor at intervals throughout the sequence…
Lithic Technology, Paleolithic
Levallois
Levallois refers to a way of making stone tools that is a significant component of the technological adaptations of both Neanderthals and early modern humans. Although distinctive Levallois artifacts were identified already in the 19th century, a consensus on the definition of the Levallois and clear criteria for distinguishing Levallois from non-Levallois artifacts remain elusive. At a general level, Levallois is one variant on prepared core tec…
Single grain TT-OSL ages for the Earlier Stone Age site of Bestwood 1 (Northern Cape Province, South Africa)
Archeology, Environment, and Chronology of the Early Middle Stone Age Component of Wonderwerk Cave
New Chronology and Stratigraphy for Kathu Pan 6, South Africa
Homo Erectus
Tools, Paleolithic
Most of what we know of the material culture of the Paleolithic is based on the study of stone tools, although in later periods bone tools also came to play an important role. This entry reviews the major approaches used in the study of stone tools from the Paleolithic and the development of Paleolithic stone tools from the first appearance of this technology over 3 million years ago to the spread of modern humans into Europe
The Huqoq Excavation Project
Excavations at Huqoq in Israel's eastern Lower Galilee are bringing to light a Late Roman synagogue, a medieval public building, and the remains of ancient and modern (pre-1948) villages. In this interim report, we describe the major discoveries of the 2014–2017 seasons, including the extraordinary figural mosaics decorating the synagogue floor. Our discoveries provide evidence of a Galilean Jewish community that flourished through the 5th and 6t…
Renewed excavations at Wonderwerk Cave, South Africa
Geology/archaeology in action
Toward a Long Prehistory of Fire
This article explores a conception of the origins of fire as a process of shifting human interactions with fire, a process that, in a sense, still continues today. This is a counterpoint to the dominant narrative that envisions a point of "discovery" or "invention" for fire. Following a discussion about what fire is and how it articulates with human society, I propose a potential scenario for the prehistory of fire, consisting of three major stag…
Blade production ∼500 thousand years ago at Kathu Pan 1, South Africa
New radiometric ages for the Fauresmith industry from Kathu Pan, southern Africa
Early Evidence for Brilliant Ritualized Display
Earth pigments figure prominently in debates about signal evolution among later Homo. Most archaeologists consider such behavior to postdate ~300 Ka. To evaluate claims for Fauresmith and Acheulean pigments in South Africa's Northern Cape Province, extending back 1.1 Ma (Beaumont and Bednarik 2013), we reexamined collections from Kathu Pan 1, Wonderwerk Cave, and Canteen Kopje. We report and describe materials where we are confident as to a pigme…
The Oldowan horizon in Wonderwerk Cave (South Africa)
Timing of the Lower to Middle Paleolithic boundary
Toward a Long Prehistory of Fire
This article explores a conception of the origins of fire as a process of shifting human interactions with fire, a process that, in a sense, still continues today. This is a counterpoint to the dominant narrative that envisions a point of "discovery" or "invention" for fire. Following a discussion about what fire is and how it articulates with human society, I propose a potential scenario for the prehistory of fire, consisting of three major stag…
Technological Trends in the Acheulean of Wonderwerk Cave, South Africa
Milestones in the development of symbolic behaviour
Wonderwerk Cave (Northern Cape Province, South Africa) is an example of a natural locality that, in the past as in the present, was imbued with meaning and symbolism. Today, local communities associate the cave with a snake spirit, while rock art adorning the cave walls attests to the special status of the cave during the Later Stone Age. In the terminal Acheulean (over 180,000 years ago), hominins introduced manuports with special sensory proper…
Archeology, Environment, and Chronology of the Early Middle Stone Age Component of Wonderwerk Cave
Laser scanning for conservation and research of African cultural heritage sites
Deposition and Diagenesis in the Earlier Stone Age of Wonderwerk Cave, Excavation 1, South Africa
Radiometric dating of the Earlier Stone Age sequence in Excavation I at Wonderwerk Cave, South Africa
Redefining Levallois
Past and Present at Wonderwerk Cave (Northern Cape Province, South Africa)
An Ancient Analogy
Cet article rend compte en les évaluant des similitudes existant entre les écuelles grossières mésopotamiennes de la Période d'Uruk et le moule à pain (bedja) de l'Ancien Empire égyptien. Formes, pâtes, techniques de fabrication, contexte archéologique, évolution, sont comparés; puis vient l'examen du pictogramme égyptien utilisé pour désigner le bedja. Sont enfin considérées les implications que peut avoir l'identification de l'écuelle grossière…
The use of OSL dating in unstructured sands
Oasis or Mirage? Assessing the Role of Abrupt Climate Change in the Prehistory of the Southern Levant
Few prehistoric developments have received as much attention as the origins of agriculture and its associated societal implications in the Near East. A great deal of this research has focused on correlating the timing of various cultural transformations leading up to farming and village life with dramatic climatic events. Using rigorously selected radiocarbon dates from archaeological sites and palaeoenvironmental datasets, we test the predominat…
F-81 skeleton from Wadi Mataha, Jordan, and its bearing on human variability in the Epipaleolithic of the Levant
The discovery of a Middle Epipaleolithic adult skeleton (F-81) at the site of Wadi Mataha in southern Jordan provides new insights into human variability in the Epipaleolithic of the Levant. This paper analyzes the skeletal morphology of Wadi Mataha F-81 in the context of other Epipaleolithic remains from Jordan and Israel to assess the current evidence for morphological variability throughout this period. The F-81 skeleton shares morphological f…
Conceptions of Time and the Development of Paleolithic Chronology
Until recently the reflexive archaeological literature on concepts of time has been sparse. As a result, chronologies have been treated as a conceptual black box, tools about which nothing need be known except their input and output. Recent theoretical discussions have begun to pry open the lid of this black box, revealing the complexities that lie within. The historical analysis presented here highlights the importance of chronologies to the arc…
New Chronology and Stratigraphy for Kathu Pan 6, South Africa
Flake production at the Lower Palaeolithic site of Holon (Israel)
The analysis of flake production at the late Lower Palaeolithic site of Holon (Israel) suggests that the introduction of the Levallois method was an abrupt event related to a shift in the design of tools
The Language Hypothesis for the Middle-to-Upper Paleolithic Transition
Fire in the Early Palaeolithic
Bladelet Production in the Aurignacian of Hayonim Cave, Israel
The Aurignacian is an archaeological entity defined by the co-occurrence of types of artifacts. Technological analysis of three French Aurignacian assemblages has demonstrated that a number of these discreet artifact types are part of a single system of bladelet manufacture. This paper presents a technological analysis of bladelet production of the Aurignacian site of Hayonim Cave, Israel, that demonstrates an overall similarity to bladelet produ…
Butchering with small tools
Stratified stone tools found with elephant and hippopotamus teeth at Evron Quarry can be dated to before 780 000 years ago. The assemblage includes handaxes, but less expectedly, small stone tools in the form of flakes with notches and points. Not thought to be points for spears or arrows, these small tools are suggested to be usable for butchery. They represent an adaption of local materials that make poor handaxes-so showing an ingenious improv…
An Ancient Analogy
Cet article rend compte en les évaluant des similitudes existant entre les écuelles grossières mésopotamiennes de la Période d'Uruk et le moule à pain (bedja) de l'Ancien Empire égyptien. Formes, pâtes, techniques de fabrication, contexte archéologique, évolution, sont comparés; puis vient l'examen du pictogramme égyptien utilisé pour désigner le bedja. Sont enfin considérées les implications que peut avoir l'identification de l'écuelle grossière…
Mapping Archaeological Time at the Valley of the Caves
MICHAEL CHAZAN, מייקל חזן, מימד הזמן הארכיאולוגי באתרי נחל המערות בכרמל / Mapping Archaeological Time at the Valley of the Caves, Mitekufat Haeven: Journal of the Israel Prehistoric Society / מתקופת האבן, כרך כ"ה (תשנ"ד / 1993), pp. 5-12
Archeology
Variability in the Middle Paleolithic of Haua Fteah, Libya
This article looks at the patterns of variability in the Middle Paleolithic of Haua Fteah, Libya (excavations of Charles Mc Burney). Comparing levels 32/33 with the underlying level 34 it is found that while blank production (in terms of basic method of manufacture, morphology of debitage, and productivity of flakes per core) is stable, changes in retouch include a higher frequency and intensity of retouch linked with a change in the representati…
The Language Hypothesis for the Middle-to-Upper Paleolithic Transition
Conceptions of Time and the Development of Paleolithic Chronology
Until recently the reflexive archaeological literature on concepts of time has been sparse. As a result, chronologies have been treated as a conceptual black box, tools about which nothing need be known except their input and output. Recent theoretical discussions have begun to pry open the lid of this black box, revealing the complexities that lie within. The historical analysis presented here highlights the importance of chronologies to the arc…
Redefining Levallois
Dating the Lower Paleolithic Open-Air Site of Holon, Israel by Luminescence and ESR Techniques
The open-air Acheulian site in Holon, Israel, was dated by the luminescence methods and by electron spin resonance (ESR). Situated in the coastal plain Quaternary Kurkar Group, the Holon site was first excavated in the late 1960s, when typical lower Paleolithic lithics and middle Pleistocene fauna were found. In order to date the site, new test pits were dug adjacent to the earlier excavations and the archaeological bed was exposed in a section c…
Typological Analysis of The Lower Paleolithic Site of Holon, Israel
MICHAEL CHAZAN, מייקל חזן, ניתוח טיפולוגי של המכלול הליתי מאתר הפליאולית התחתון בחולון, ישראל / Typological Analysis of the Lower Paleolithic Site of Holon, Israel, Mitekufat Haeven: Journal of the Israel Prehistoric Society / מתקופת האבן, כרך ל (תש"ס, 2000), pp. 7-32
Flake production at the Lower Palaeolithic site of Holon (Israel)
The analysis of flake production at the late Lower Palaeolithic site of Holon (Israel) suggests that the introduction of the Levallois method was an abrupt event related to a shift in the design of tools
Bladelet Production in the Aurignacian of Hayonim Cave, Israel
The Aurignacian is an archaeological entity defined by the co-occurrence of types of artifacts. Technological analysis of three French Aurignacian assemblages has demonstrated that a number of these discreet artifact types are part of a single system of bladelet manufacture. This paper presents a technological analysis of bladelet production of the Aurignacian site of Hayonim Cave, Israel, that demonstrates an overall similarity to bladelet produ…
Bladelet Production in the Aurignacian of La Ferrassie (Dordogne, France)
This paper presents a technological analysis of bladelet production at the Aurignacian site of La Ferrassie, France. It is argued that busqued burins, Vachons burins, and muzzled endscrapers were the cores off of which bladelets were produced. The typological variability is the result of the adaptation of the same method of bladelet production to flakes of varying thickness. These results along with similar studies by Lucas of bladelet production…
Timing of the Lower to Middle Paleolithic boundary
F-81 skeleton from Wadi Mataha, Jordan, and its bearing on human variability in the Epipaleolithic of the Levant
The discovery of a Middle Epipaleolithic adult skeleton (F-81) at the site of Wadi Mataha in southern Jordan provides new insights into human variability in the Epipaleolithic of the Levant. This paper analyzes the skeletal morphology of Wadi Mataha F-81 in the context of other Epipaleolithic remains from Jordan and Israel to assess the current evidence for morphological variability throughout this period. The F-81 skeleton shares morphological f…
Finding the message in intricacy
Culture, Information, and Inheritance
Two books under review investigate the relationship between biological and cultural transmission of information. This perspective offers a promising basis for a definition of culture with broad applicability in contemporary anthropology. Lamb and Jablonka stress the complexity of biological transmission and the importance of behavioral and symbolic variation to evolutionary biology. Richerson and Boyd present a rigorous model-based approach to th…
Radiometric dating of the Earlier Stone Age sequence in Excavation I at Wonderwerk Cave, South Africa
The Nature of Paleolithic Art by R. Dale Guthrie
Assessing the Lower to Middle Paleolithic Transition
Laser scanning for conservation and research of African cultural heritage sites
New radiometric ages for the Fauresmith industry from Kathu Pan, southern Africa
Milestones in the development of symbolic behaviour
Wonderwerk Cave (Northern Cape Province, South Africa) is an example of a natural locality that, in the past as in the present, was imbued with meaning and symbolism. Today, local communities associate the cave with a snake spirit, while rock art adorning the cave walls attests to the special status of the cave during the Later Stone Age. In the terminal Acheulean (over 180,000 years ago), hominins introduced manuports with special sensory proper…
Technological perspectives on the upper paleolithic
Variability in symbolic behaviour in the southern Levant at the end of the Pleistocene
This paper presents evidence for a high degree of variability in symbolic representation at the multi-component, Epipalaeolithic hunter-gatherer encampment at Wadi Mataha in the Petra Basin of southern Jordan. Twelve sandstone, siltstone, basalt and flint objects were recovered from Geometric Kebaran and Early and Late Natufian occupations of the site during excavations in 1999 and 2001 and subsequently examined using both optical and scanning el…
The cave of Fontéchevade
Archaeology (53 obras) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (52 obras) · Geography (47 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (40 obras) · Geology (29 obras) · Cave (25 obras) · Pleistocene (22 obras) · Paleontology (21 obras) · History (17 obras) · Archaeology and Rock Art Studies (16 obras)