Glenn D Walters
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 94977 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Glenn D Walters |
| NOMBRES | Glenn D |
| APELLIDO | Walters |
| FIRMA | WALTERS G D |
| AFILIACIONES | Kutztown University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7219-1542 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 116 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 184 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 116 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1980 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Parental Support and Knowledge as Protective Factors for Youth at Risk for Future Offending
The goal in conducting this study was to determine whether two forms of criminal thought process—moral neutralization and cognitive impulsivity—mediate the past delinquency-future delinquency relationship. An additional goal was to see whether parental support and knowledge served as moderators of the mediating effect of moral neutralization and cognitive impulsivity on future delinquency. Participants were 845 early adolescents (406 boys, 439 gi…
Predicting Recidivism with the PICTS Fear-of-Change Scale in a Sample of Medium-Security Inmates Following Their Release from Federal Prison
The predictive validity of the Psychological Inventory of Criminal Thinking Styles (PICTS) Fear-of-Change (FOC) scale was evaluated in 1,101 male prison inmates following their released from custody. The predictive validity of the FOC was tested using a Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis. Results revealed a small but significant predictive effect, implying that fear of change may serve as a barrier to change in correctional populations.…
Mediating the relationship between neighbourhood disorder in adolescence and early adult offending with cognitive impulsivity and moral neutralization
Brothers and Sisters in Crime
The purpose of this study was to determine whether sibling role modeling is as vital to the sibling influence effect as peer selection is to the peer influence effect. Mid-to-late adolescent youth (274 boys, 286 girls) from the Flint Adolescent Study served as participants in this study. Identifying an older sibling as a role model (i.e. responding “yes” to the question “do you look up to your older sibling?”) interacted with older sibling delinq…
Temporal Order and Developmental Context of Aggressive Attitude and Aggressive Behavior
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the relationship between aggressive attitude and aggressive behavior is reciprocal or bidirectional in nature. METHOD: A sample of 845 early adolescent youth (406 boys, 439 girls) between the ages of 10 and 13 (mean = 11.21) served as participants in this study. Aggressive attitudes were assessed with 4 items from the Denver Youth Survey Neutralization scale and aggressive behavior …
Skills and Competencies Incompatible With Crime
This article presents a theory-based model of criminal desistance organized around the four behavioral styles of a criminal lifestyle. These four behavioral styles (irresponsibility, self-indulgence, interpersonal intrusiveness, and social rule breaking) were enlisted for the purpose of identifying four skill sets (accountability, introspection, empathy, and assimilation) with the power to serve as obstacles, deterrents, or barriers to continued …
Does Criminal Versatility Predict Recidivism? Results from Cox Proportional-Hazards and Binomial Logistic Regression Analyses
The purpose of this study was to determine whether criminal versatility predicts future recidivism. A Cox proportional-hazards survival analysis of 1,101 male inmates showed that criminal versatility predicted recidivism after controlling for age, race, education, violent instant offense, sentence length, prior substance abuse, general criminal thinking, age at first conviction, and number of prior convictions. A hazard ratio of 1.09 revealed tha…
Taking it to the Next Level
Based on previous research and a theoretical model which states moral neutralization is learned through interaction with others, it was hypothesized that moral neutralization would promote an accelerated rate of delinquent growth during the middle school years, while a related concept, cognitive impulsivity, would not. Using multilevel modeling with 3,166 youth (1,538 boys, 1,628 girls) from the Gang Reduction Education and Training (GREAT) study…
Do Moral Agency for Aggressive Behavior and Low Peer Substance Use Protect Against Non-Substance Use Delinquency? A Cross-Lagged Analysis of Youth at High Risk for Delinquency
This study was designed to determine whether a reciprocal relationship exists between moral agency for aggressive behavior and low peer substance use in their effect on future non-substance use delinquency. Employing a sample of 850 youth (425 boys and 425 girls) from the Flint Adolescent Sample (FAS), high moral agency for aggressive behavior was cross-lagged with low peer substance use and the two crossed paths were then correlated with later d…
Parent religiosity as a protective and promotive factor in reducing future arrest in youth with antisocial and conventional peers
Insecure Attachment, Poor Self-Regulation, and Weak Empathy as Developmental Antecedents to Delinquency when Mediated by Antisocial Cognition
A base model was tested composed of insecure attachment at age 3 years, poor emotional and behavioral self-regulation at age 5 years, and weak empathy at age 9 years predicted delinquency at age 15 years with and without the intervening influence of two dimensions of antisocial cognition: moral neutralization and cognitive impulsivity, both of which were assessed at age 15 years. Participants were 1,699 youth (867 boys, 832 girls) from the Future…
Testing for Sex Moderation of the Moral Neutralization-Mediated Peer Influence Effect in Early Adolescent Youth
This study examines whether sex moderates the relationship between peer delinquency and participant delinquency as mediated by moral neutralization. Participants for this study were 2209 early adolescent youth (1053 boys and 1156 girls) from the Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT) study. In the current moderated mediation analysis, peer delinquency served as the independent variable, moral neutralization served as the mediating variabl…
Peer‐Aggression Victimization and Perpetration in Middle School Youth
The purpose of this study was to examine early adolescent trajectories of bullying/peer‐aggression in terms of their prevalence, composition, and ability to correlate with concurrent delinquency. Three hypotheses were tested in a group of 1145 middle school students (49.6% male; mean age = 11.23 years) using longitudinal data spread out over three waves. The first hypothesis predicted that bullying/peer‐aggression victimization would be significa…
A multilevel analysis of the cross-level interaction between drug use and a school-based culture of antisocial cognition as it relates to juvenile offending
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a cross-level interaction exists between an aggregate-level school-based culture of moral neutralisation and individual-level drug use in relation to concomitant criminal offending. A sample of 36,809 12-to-15-year-old youth (18,053 boys 18,717 girls, 39 sex unidentified) from the Second International Self-Reported Delinquency Study (ISRD2) served as participants in a multilevel analysis. Consist…
Criminality, Peer selection, and Poor Adjustment in Substance Abusing Adult Parolees
Proactive Criminal Thinking and Criminal Identity in Adult Probationers Progressing Through a Day Reporting Program
Mediating the Peer Delinquency-Future Offending Relationship with Legal Cynicism and Moral Neutralization
This study tested the "perception before belief" hypothesis which holds that perception generally precedes belief in promoting future delinquency. It was reasoned that legal cynicism, a facet of procedural justice perceptions should precede moral neutralization beliefs in predicting future delinquency but not vice versa. The two pathways were tested in a sample of 1,354 (1,170 male, 284 female) justice-involved youth with histories of serious del…
Does the Worst of Both Worlds Effect Run Through Cognition? Testing Perceived Peer Delinquency/Drug Use and Moral Neutralization as Mediating Mechanisms
In an effort to understand the mechanisms responsible for the worst of both worlds (WBW) effect wherein drug-crime comorbidity leads to significantly more future adjustment problems than either crime or drug use alone, a multiple-mediator path analysis was performed. This study consisted of a multivariate analysis of four waves of data from the Gang Reduction and Education Training (GREAT) study provided by 2900 (1412 boys, 1488 girls) respondent…
Does Decreased Parental Support/Bonding or Increased Peer Deviance Lead to a Rise in Delinquency in Early Adolescence? Investigating the Left Side of the Age-Crime Curve
The gap in the literature this study sought to fill was whether a reduction in parental support or an increase in peer deviance during early adolescence explains the left or ascending side of the age-crime curve. Employing the control and social learning components of interactional theory as a guide and assessing longitudinal data provided by 845 early adolescent youth (406 boys, 439 girls) followed from a mean age of 11 (Wave 1) to a mean age of…
Mediating the court procedural justice–delinquency relationship with certainty perceptions and legitimacy beliefs
Predicting Future Recidivism From Changes in School Grades and Moral Agency
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a change in school grades could serve as a turning point for delinquency, and whether it did so by forming a reciprocal relationship with a change in moral agency. Separate samples of 3,558 (2,829 males, 729 females) and 3,559 (2,811 males, 748 females) low-to-moderate risk justice-involved youth from the same data set served as participants in this study. Cross-lagging school grades and moral ag…
In search of the origins of crime continuity
The purpose of this study was to test whether the psychological inertia process believed to give rise to crime continuity is limited to aggressive delinquency or evolves from both aggressive and nonaggressive delinquency. Self‐report data provided by 845 early adolescent youth (406 boys, 439 girls) were analyzed in an effort to test the hypothesis that aggressive rather than nonaggressive delinquency precipitates a rise in delinquency through the…
Role of cognition in mediating parental knowledge and support as precipitants of early adolescent delinquency escalation
Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine whether cognitive factors mediate the relationship between parental knowledge/support and delinquency escalation. Design/methodology/approach Using data from early adolescent youth enrolled in the Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT) study, two analyses were performed. The first analysis cross-lagged parental knowledge and cognitive impulsivity as predictors of delinquency escalation an…
From Context to Perception to Behavior
The goal of this study was to determine the significance of variable order when it comes to using child and parent reports of parental support to predict delinquency. It was hypothesized that a social context variable (parental support as rated by the parent) would precede a perceptual variable (perceived parental support competence as rated by the child) in predicting delinquency, but a perceptual variable preceding social context would not. Thi…
The certainty–offending relationship as a function of a nation's free market cultural ethos
The current study sought to integrate aspects of classic strain and institutional anomie theories with concepts from deterrence and rational choice theories for application in a large sample of European respondents. Participants were 52,458 individuals (55% female, average age = 48 years) from the fifth round of the 27-country European Social Survey. Each participant rated their involvement in three relatively minor offenses (false insurance clai…
The relationship between police procedural justice, police legitimacy, and people's willingness to cooperate with law enforcement
Reactive Criminal Thinking as a Consequence of Low Self-Control and Prior Offending
The purpose of this study was to determine if low self-control and prior serious offending serve as antecedents to reactive criminal thinking. Cross-lagged correlations between low self-control and serious offending were examined in 5,427 male and female members of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) in an effort to determine their effect on subsequent reactive criminal thinking. Results from a five-equation path ana…
Early childhood temperament, maternal monitoring, reactive criminal thinking, and the origin(s) of low self-control
In and out of prison
Mediating the bullying victimization–delinquency relationship with anger and cognitive impulsivity
Why are mediation effects so small
Identifying mediators in variable chains as part of a causal mediation analysis can shed light on issues of causation, assessment, and intervention. However, coefficients and effect sizes in a causal mediation analysis are nearly always small. This can lead those less familiar with the approach to reject the results of causal mediation analysis. The current paper highlights five factors that contribute to small path coefficients in mediation rese…
Is Hypersexuality Dimensional or Categorical? Evidence From Male and Female College Samples
The recent attempt to introduce hypersexual disorder into the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), has increased empirical scrutiny of the construct. Consensus on its definition and underlying structure remains elusive. Whereas some conceptualizations favor a categorical latent structure, others speculate that hypersexual behavior is dimensional. Research on the latent structure of hypersexual behavior, ho…
Antisocial cognition and crime continuity
Is Hypersexuality Dimensional? Evidence for the DSM-5 from General Population and Clinical Samples
Proactive and reactive criminal thinking, psychological inertia, and the crime continuity conundrum
A Meta‐analysis of the Gene‐crime Relationship
This investigation used the statistical technique of meta‐analysis to probe the putative association between heredity and crime. The data for this study were 54 effect sizes obtained from 38 family, twin, and adoption studies on crime. In addition to the overall gene‐crime relationship, the potential moderating effects of gender, sample nationality, date of publication, and quality of the research design were also investigated. It was predicted t…
Cognitive/Affective Empathy, Pro-Bullying Beliefs, and Willingness to Intervene on Behalf of a Bullied Peer
The purpose of this study was to determine whether pro-bullying attitudes mediate the relation between affective and cognitive empathy and a student's willingness to intervene in support of a bullied peer. Participants were 764 early adolescents (372 boys, 392 girls) from the Illinois Study of Bullying and Sexual Violence (ISBSV). As predicted, pro-bullying attitudes successfully mediated the prospective relation between affective empathy and bys…
Bullying Perpetration and Subsequent Delinquency
The purpose of this study was to determine whether bullying perpetration in early adolescence is capable of predicting delinquency 1 year later. Nine control variables were included in a regression analysis of the bullying–delinquency relationship in 1,001 schoolchildren ([Formula: see text] age = 12.97 years). The nine control variables (age, sex, race, social support, bullying victimization, probullying attitudes, parental knowledge, impulsivit…
Testing criminological theory through causal mediation analysis
Pathways to early delinquency
Testing the direct, indirect, and moderated effects of childhood animal cruelty on future aggressive and non‐aggressive offending
The relationship between childhood cruelty toward animals and subsequent aggressive offending was explored in 1,336 (1,154 male, 182 female) participants from the 11-wave Pathways to Desistance study (Mulvey, 2013). Aggressive and income offending at Waves 1 through 10 were regressed onto a dichotomous measure of prior involvement in animal cruelty and four control variables (age, race, sex, early onset behavior problems) assessed at Wave 0 (base…
Mediating the Peer Delinquency-Future Offending Relationship with Legal Cynicism and Moral Neutralization
This study tested the "perception before belief" hypothesis which holds that perception generally precedes belief in promoting future delinquency. It was reasoned that legal cynicism, a facet of procedural justice perceptions should precede moral neutralization beliefs in predicting future delinquency but not vice versa. The two pathways were tested in a sample of 1,354 (1,170 male, 284 female) justice-involved youth with histories of serious del…
Prosocial Peers as Risk, Protective, and Promotive Factors for the Prevention of Delinquency and Drug Use
Understanding the Latent Structure of Hypersexuality
P M effect size estimation for mediation analysis
As research on mediation has grown, so too has interest in identifying ways to assess the size of indirect effects in a mediation analysis. One such estimate – the ratio of the indirect effect to the total effect (PM) – was tested in a sample of 21,297 children from the Early Childhood Developmental Study. Results showed that the two independent variables – low self-control and externalizing behavior – correlated equally well with a common mediat…
A multi-wave cross-lagged regression analysis of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory and Self-Reported Offending
The Relationship Between Masculinity, Femininity, and Criminal Thinking in Male and Female Offenders
Self-Efficacy in Parents and Children and Its Relationship to Future Delinquent Behavior in Children
A moderated mediation analysis was performed on 3,600 (1,829 boys and 1,771 girls) adolescents from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). Results from a path analysis revealed that child self-efficacy mediated the relationship between mother control self-efficacy and child delinquency in girls but not in boys and that it mediated the relationship between father control self-efficacy and child delinquency in both boys and girls, wi…
Three Existentlal Contributions to a Theory of Lifestyles
This article explores three potential existential contributions to an evolving theory of human lifestyles. Following a brief review of the impact existential psychology has had on current thinking in the behavioral sciences, the three Cs of lifestyle theory-conditions, choice, and cognition-are discussed with respect to several key existential concepts, most notably, existential fear, intentionality, and the power of nonempirical thought. It is a…
Peer‐Aggression Victimization and Perpetration in Middle School Youth
The purpose of this study was to examine early adolescent trajectories of bullying/peer‐aggression in terms of their prevalence, composition, and ability to correlate with concurrent delinquency. Three hypotheses were tested in a group of 1145 middle school students (49.6% male; mean age = 11.23 years) using longitudinal data spread out over three waves. The first hypothesis predicted that bullying/peer‐aggression victimization would be significa…
Attrition of Clients as a Function of Treatment Modality and Initial Anxiety Level
Locus of control and treatment condition were varied by a 4 × 2 factorial design to determine their effects on test anxiety. 85 adult males, coal company personnel enrolled in three Emergency Medical Technician I (EMT-I) classes, were initially placed into internal or external locus of control blocks by scores, and then randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (a) traditional desensitization, (b) self-control desensitization, and (c) a place…
Methodological Note on Deriving Behavioral Correlates for MMPI Profile Patterns
An attempt was made to identify the empirical correlates of an MMPI configuration involving Scales 4 (Pd), 5 (Mf), and 6 (Pa) in a sample of 21 female psychiatric outpatients. Two sets of comparisons were derived. In the first comparison, 21 4-5-6 and control patients were matched on age and contrasted on selected behavioral and self-report measures. Results suggested that 4-5-6 patients displayed greater ambivalence, depression, and lack of soci…
Heredity, Crime, and the Killing‐the‐bearer‐of‐bad‐news Syndrome
Brennan and Mednick find fault in this issue of the journal with a review of the literature on heredity and crime conducted by Walters and White 1989. Brennan and Mednick argue that the review is lacking in specificity and that in sections in which the criticisms are explicit the reviewers draw erroneous conclusions. The relative merits of these two points are examined in this response to Brennan and Mednick's commentary
A Meta‐analysis of the Gene‐crime Relationship
This investigation used the statistical technique of meta‐analysis to probe the putative association between heredity and crime. The data for this study were 54 effect sizes obtained from 38 family, twin, and adoption studies on crime. In addition to the overall gene‐crime relationship, the potential moderating effects of gender, sample nationality, date of publication, and quality of the research design were also investigated. It was predicted t…
The gambling lifestyle
The gambling lifestyle
The Psychological Inventory of Criminal Thinking Styles
This article describes the evolution, standardization, and preliminary validation of the Psychological Inventory of Criminal Thinking Styles (PICTS), an instrument designed to measure thinking styles believed to be associated with serious patterns of criminal conduct. Responses obtained from 450 federal prison inmates were used to establish norms for the PICTS, assess the reliability of the various PICTS scales, and investigate preliminary validi…
Problem Gambling in a Federal Prison Population
Outcome Expectancies for Gambling
Three Existentlal Contributions to a Theory of Lifestyles
This article explores three potential existential contributions to an evolving theory of human lifestyles. Following a brief review of the impact existential psychology has had on current thinking in the behavioral sciences, the three Cs of lifestyle theory-conditions, choice, and cognition-are discussed with respect to several key existential concepts, most notably, existential fear, intentionality, and the power of nonempirical thought. It is a…
The Relationship Between Masculinity, Femininity, and Criminal Thinking in Male and Female Offenders
Criminal Belief Systems
Preface Criminological Precursors of an Integrated-Interactive Theory of Crime Sociocognitive Foundations of Belief System Development Belief Systems and Crime Belief Systems and Violent Crime Belief Systems and Sexual Assault Belief Systems and White-Collar Crime Belief Systems and Drug Trafficking Belief Systems Incongruent with Crime Epilogue References Index
The latent structure of alcohol dependence in female federal prisoners
Results obtained from a structured interview of substance abuse diagnoses were subjected to taxometric analysis in a group of 459 low and minimum security female federal prisoners applying for admission to a comprehensive drug treatment program. Drawing indicators from a DSM-IV diagnosis of alcohol dependence (tolerance/withdrawal, loss of control, negative social/psychological consequences) the authors conducted a taxometric analysis using the f…
Taxometric analysis of alcohol dependence in male prisoners
This study assessed the latent structure of alcohol dependence using indicators from a structured interview (DSM-IV alcohol dependence criteria) in a group of 505 male inmates consecutively admitted to a medium security federal correctional institution over a 9-month period. Three indicators derived from the DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence were subjected to taxometric analysis using the following three procedures: traditional and summed in…
Black–white differences in positive outcome expectancies for crime
Is Hypersexuality Dimensional? Evidence for the DSM-5 from General Population and Clinical Samples
Taxometrics and Criminal Justice
Introduction to the special issue
In and out of prison
Antisocial cognition and crime continuity
Testing the direct, indirect, and moderated effects of childhood animal cruelty on future aggressive and non‐aggressive offending
The relationship between childhood cruelty toward animals and subsequent aggressive offending was explored in 1,336 (1,154 male, 182 female) participants from the 11-wave Pathways to Desistance study (Mulvey, 2013). Aggressive and income offending at Waves 1 through 10 were regressed onto a dichotomous measure of prior involvement in animal cruelty and four control variables (age, race, sex, early onset behavior problems) assessed at Wave 0 (base…
Pathways to early delinquency
Sex as a moderator and perceived peer pressure as a mediator of the externalizing-delinquency relationship
Early childhood temperament, maternal monitoring, reactive criminal thinking, and the origin(s) of low self-control
A multi-wave cross-lagged regression analysis of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory and Self-Reported Offending
Psychology (109 obras) · Developmental psychology (72 obras) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (70 obras) · Social Psychology (68 obras) · Juvenile delinquency (51 obras) · Medicine (42 obras) · Criminology (40 obras) · Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending (39 obras) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (38 obras) · Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression (33 obras)