Loretta Fowler
Biographic Data
| ID | 95886 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Loretta Fowler |
| GIVEN NAMES | Loretta |
| FAMILY NAME | Fowler |
| SIGNATURE | FOWLER L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Boise State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6104-315X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 68 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 208 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 68 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1973 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
It Just Means More: College Football as a Case Study for Public Affairs Courses
Even though it can be a challenge to find good case studies, they are a key pedagogical tool in public affairs classrooms, offering students illustrations of complex theoretical points. Given this, the authors contend that college football (CFB) offers many advantages as a public affairs case study. The novelty of CFB lies not just the temporal alignment with the fall semester and the extensiveness of the media industry surrounding it, but also i…
An ambiguous perspective on public administration
Party polarization, disappearing regions, and nationalized environmental politics: Evidence from US Congress
The intersection of environmental politics, regionalism, and Congressional policymaking is not well-examined by extant scholarship, so it is unclear to what extent regionalism within parties explains Congressional actions, particularly as it pertains to shifting partisan dynamics and focus on nationalized issues, such as climate change. The authors use data from the League of Conservation Voters to track voting behaviors among members of Congress…
Does Working Out-of-the-Office Work for Employees? Alternative Work Arrangements, Ambiguity, and Job Satisfaction in the Federal Workforce
Public employees working away from the office has become more common in recent years, but the impact of these changes is not fully understood. This study considers whether out-of-office work culture impacts how employees come to make sense of their organizations, jobs, and work life, and, in turn, how this may affect job satisfaction. Using Stata 15’s random sampling tool, the authors employ Structural Equation Modeling of three random samples of…
Does Home Rule Still Matter? Perceptions and Legal Constraints in Green Public Procurement
This article examines the relevance of Home Rule provisions in contemporary local governance, emphasizing their reliance on both the legal environment and innovations of local managers. In a novel analysis of data from 204 US local governments, we explore the relationship between Home Rule provisions, perceptions, and their impact on green public procurement (GPP). Our findings suggest that, as a legal standard, Home Rule has limited influence on…
Policy Implementation and the Multiple Streams Framework: Key Findings and Future Research Directions
Although MSF scholars often overlook implementation, notable progress on this front has been made in recent years that captures what happens after agendas are set and policies adopted, including studies that that directly apply MSF and develop its theoretical components as well as others that leverage its theoretical or empirical observations indirectly in the context of implementation. Given this, the goal of this review is to summarize the basi…
Does sticking close to home make for better research? In‐state authorship and citation rates in public administration journals
Objective Although other social science disciplines have considered researcher positionality, whether a researcher belongs to the communities they study (insider) or does not (outsider), public administration scholars have yet to examine this aspect of scholarly production nor its impacts on perceptions of research quality. Methods We use a data set of 554 articles from eight top public administration journals that focus on a single or a few stat…
Critical race theory, policy ambiguity and implementation: A Multiple Streams Framework Analysis
While the events leading up to the nation’s first ban of critical race theory, Idaho’s House Bill 377, was attention-grabbing given the controversy and salience of the issues, its implementation has been lacklustre as these issues have faded from the agenda. This article uses the multiple streams framework (MSF) to unravel these events and understand both why Idaho tackled the CRT (critical race theory) ‘problem’ and how problem framing around in…
Is Ambiguity Good or Bad for Democratic Governance
Ambiguity is often a double-edged sword that provides opportunity to further a democratic agenda in the face of institutional barriers, but with that comes a more complicated and unclear causal pathway that connects citizens to decisions that impact public goods and services. Does ambiguity enhance or hinder the ability of public servants to represent the wants and needs of citizens during the course of designing, developing, and implementing pub…
Venue Shopping in Multiple Streams: Campus Free Speech Policy Adoption in Wisconsin
Wisconsin’s Campus Free Speech Act provides a distinctive case study to examine the intersection of venue shopping and the multiple streams framework. After some initial traction, entrepreneur ran into roadblocks in the state legislature; then, shifted their attention to the University of Wisconsin Board of Regents, where they were able to take advantage of an open policy window. When these events are considered holistically, they illustrate how …
Creatively interpreting policy to move science forward: Implementing participatory technology assessment at Nasa
Entrepreneurial strategies and tactics are often subtle and indiscrete, adding to the mystery of how one goes about being an entrepreneur, particularly within bureaucratic agencies that are often set up to constrain such behaviors. The authors use a case study of the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)'s public engagement practices to examine how entrepreneurs shift policy interpretations with administrative agencies. Findin…
Searching for green elephants and other mythical creatures during the Trump years: Partisanship and congressional voting on environmental legislation
Are there any environmentalists left in the Republican Party? Using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and data from the League of Conservation Voters (LCV) for the 115th (2017–2018) and 116th (2019–2020) Congresses, the author finds that around 25% of Republicans in the House of Representatives and 40% of those in the Senate are more supportive of environmental legislation than the average Democrat in their respective chambers, when separating pa…
Super-Human or Sub-Human? Positive Dehumanization and Gender in Public Performance Evaluations
Dehumanizing language, language that compares human beings to animals or machines, is typically thought of in problematic cases, where it is designed to denigrate individuals or entire groups in society. But, this language can also be used to praise—describing an employee as a machine can be done to signify super-human characteristics. We find that positive dehumanizing language has no effect on evaluations of a public employee’s competence, but …
Strategies for dealing with policy ambiguities
Ambiguities often weave through policies, leading to conflict and confusion over the intents and purpose of said policy and how it may manifest in any specific instance. Given that policy management is a core function for most public service agencies, the challenges here are almost universally experienced as public servants balance the political, legal, and technical requirements of policies against their functionality in practice. To this end, t…
Is It Us? Is It Them? Or Is It This Place? Predicting Civility in State Legislatures
While many scholars and analysts have observed a decline in civility in recent years, there have been few examinations of how political, economic, and institutional structures may partially explain inter-state differences in these trends. We suggest three potential explanations: (1) institutional structures, such as legislative professionalism and gubernatorial power, have created different contexts in which legislators build and maintain inter-p…
Using the Multiple Streams Framework to Connect Policy Adoption to Implementation
The author furthers research on the multiple streams framework (MSF) by testing hypotheses related to the conditional nature of politics, policy, and problems streams in affecting policy outputs from both policymaking and policy implementation. The author articulates a theoretical model of the policy process where policymaking and policy implementation are separate, but interdependent processes, and generates three hypotheses related to policymak…
Administration, rhetoric, and climate policy in the Obama presidency
Among the most well-known traits of the Obama presidency are his rhetorical skills and reliance on administrative action to push forward policy in the face of an unresponsive Congress. This is particularly notable for climate change, where Obama used the tools of the administrative presidency to make policy and rhetoric to build public support for these actions. To this end, the authors examine how President Obama rhetorically constructed and rat…
Political and administrative decentralization and responses to Covid-19: Comparison of the United States and South Korea
Purpose This study explains the variation of government responses to the pandemic by focusing on how centralization/decentralization in politics and administration creates conflicts and coordination problems. Specifically, the authors make comparisons between the U.S. and South Korea to reveal differences in macro-level structures and associated responses. One of the key points of comparison is the centralized, hierarchical governance system, whi…
Conditional Nature of Policy as a Stabilizing Force: Erin’s Law and Teacher Child Abuse Reporting Practices
This article uses Erin’s Law, a law establishing consistent teacher reporting practices for child abuse, to test the multiple streams framework (MSF) implementation hypothesis in a policy area where inconsistent state-level policies have been the norm. Findings indicate that Erin’s Law has a conditional impact on teacher reporting that are dependent on problems and politics streams. While the conditional relationship between the streams in affect…
Are people better employees than machines? Dehumanizing language and employee performance appraisals
Objective Although performance appraisals are based on objective procedures, cognitive biases from appraisers may create avenues for errors in judgment of employee performance. Dehumanizing language, or metaphors that characterize humans in nonhuman terms (e.g., cogs in a machine), is one important way cognitive biases can occur Method We conduct a survey experiment to determine if dehumanizing language affects perceptions of employee value or co…
Are Republicans Bad for the Environment
Does the partisanship of officeholders affect environmental outcomes? The popular perception is that Republicans are bad for the environment, but complicating factors like federalism may limit this outcome. Using a dataset that tracks toxic releases over 20 years, we examine how partisan control of executive and legislative branches at both state and federal levels affect environmental policy. Moving beyond the passage of policies or environmenta…
Does the Primacy System Work? State versus Federal Implementation of the Clean Water Act
In the United States, environmental federalism largely relies on a system for policy implementation that allows the federal government to delegate primary program authority (or primacy) to state agencies. Although it is an ingrained feature of several major federal environmental policies, such as the Clean Water Act (CWA), there is little evidence to indicate what impact delegating authorities has on programs. In order to examine this, the author…
Pandemics and Partisanship: Following Old Paths into Uncharted Territory
Although partisan politics tend be set aside during crisis, the timing of gubernatorial actions in response to COVID-19 is telling about how partisanship is shaping the way elected officials are reacting to this pandemic. Using an event history analysis, the authors find that Democratic governors responded to the White House’s attempts to downplay the severity of the pandemic by declaring emergencies in order to draw citizen attention to and to p…
Institutional Collective Action on Drugs: Functional and Vertical Dilemmas of Unused Pharmaceuticals
The authors use the Institutional Collective Action Framework to analyze the barriers, opposition, and opportunities for residential pharmaceutical disposal programs in the United States via a case study on a series of take-back programs pioneered in the state of Washington by local and state governments, as well as the corresponding backlash from federal agencies. While successful in some ways, these innovative solutions directly challenged the …
Age-based messaging strategies for communication about Covid-19
Responding to the COVID-19 crisis across the world has required a massive and sudden shift in human behaviors, with an end goal of slowing the spread of the disease. Importantly, this type of behavioral change requires messaging from governmental agencies and officials. However, we are uncertain about what types of messages are most influential at inducing behavioral change. In this study, we find that messages highlighting the risk to older adul…
Problems, politics, and policy streams in policy implementation
We apply Kingdon's multiple streams framework (MSF) to policy implementation to reflect a nested process separate from but interdependent with policymaking. Then, we generate a hypothesis concerning the conditional nature of problems, policies, and politics stream impacts on policy implementation. We test our hypotheses with state‐level implementation of the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, and Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, using a poole…
Using the Multiple Streams Framework to Connect Policy Adoption to Implementation
The author furthers research on the multiple streams framework (MSF) by testing hypotheses related to the conditional nature of politics, policy, and problems streams in affecting policy outputs from both policymaking and policy implementation. The author articulates a theoretical model of the policy process where policymaking and policy implementation are separate, but interdependent processes, and generates three hypotheses related to policymak…
State Preemption of Local Authority: Explaining Patterns of State Adoption of Preemption Measures
State preemption of local policymaking has attracted increasing attention from scholars, public officials, and citizens, as states have prevented local governments from boosting the minimum wage, regulating firearms, and barring certain forms of discrimination, among other policies. Although scholars have examined the legal dimensions of state preemption and analyzed preemption in specific areas, we lack a comprehensive account of which states ha…
How to implement policy: Coping with ambiguity and uncertainty
The author examines policy implementation as an exercise in coping with ambiguity (i.e., different ways of thinking about the same issues) on the one hand and uncertainty (i.e., lack of information) on the other. Functions are how implementers figure out the best way to make a policy work in practice and processes are how organizations formalize mechanisms that make behaviours more predictable. Using programme evaluation data from the US Environm…
Are Republicans Bad for the Environment
Does the partisanship of officeholders affect environmental outcomes? The popular perception is that Republicans are bad for the environment, but complicating factors like federalism may limit this outcome. Using a dataset that tracks toxic releases over 20 years, we examine how partisan control of executive and legislative branches at both state and federal levels affect environmental policy. Moving beyond the passage of policies or environmenta…
The states of public opinion on the environment
State-level public opinion on the environment within the US is examined, using data from the General Social Survey (GSS) from 2000 to 2010. A Multilevel Regression and Post-Stratification (MRP) approach is taken to estimate three different survey items on environmental issues at the US state level. This allows for a comparable understanding of state-level public opinion on environmental issues, which is then connected to economic, environmental, …
Strategies for dealing with policy ambiguities
Ambiguities often weave through policies, leading to conflict and confusion over the intents and purpose of said policy and how it may manifest in any specific instance. Given that policy management is a core function for most public service agencies, the challenges here are almost universally experienced as public servants balance the political, legal, and technical requirements of policies against their functionality in practice. To this end, t…
Pandemics and Partisanship: Following Old Paths into Uncharted Territory
Although partisan politics tend be set aside during crisis, the timing of gubernatorial actions in response to COVID-19 is telling about how partisanship is shaping the way elected officials are reacting to this pandemic. Using an event history analysis, the authors find that Democratic governors responded to the White House’s attempts to downplay the severity of the pandemic by declaring emergencies in order to draw citizen attention to and to p…
Does the Primacy System Work? State versus Federal Implementation of the Clean Water Act
In the United States, environmental federalism largely relies on a system for policy implementation that allows the federal government to delegate primary program authority (or primacy) to state agencies. Although it is an ingrained feature of several major federal environmental policies, such as the Clean Water Act (CWA), there is little evidence to indicate what impact delegating authorities has on programs. In order to examine this, the author…
More human than human: The consequences of positive dehumanization
While dehumanizing language, or comparison of humans to animals or machines, is commonplace in administrative rhetoric, there is little evidence of its consequences, particularly when used in its positive form, with intent to praise, rather than denigrate. Using a survey experiment, the authors provide respondents with an employee evaluation of a hypothetical employee that includes comments from a supervisor with treatment and experimental groups…
Arapahoe Politics, 1851-1978: Symbols in Crises of Authority
This important, seminal work has been impressively researched and extremely well written. Fowler has effectively combined the fruits of intensive fieldwork with an eleven-year study of primary ethnohistorical documents. - Journal of American History Destined to be a major study of a Plains Indian tribe. - Choice Scholars of the Northern Plains and the people will find this work of long-standing value. Historians and anthropologists, especially th…
Critical race theory, policy ambiguity and implementation: A Multiple Streams Framework Analysis
While the events leading up to the nation’s first ban of critical race theory, Idaho’s House Bill 377, was attention-grabbing given the controversy and salience of the issues, its implementation has been lacklustre as these issues have faded from the agenda. This article uses the multiple streams framework (MSF) to unravel these events and understand both why Idaho tackled the CRT (critical race theory) ‘problem’ and how problem framing around in…
Institutional Collective Action on Drugs: Functional and Vertical Dilemmas of Unused Pharmaceuticals
The authors use the Institutional Collective Action Framework to analyze the barriers, opposition, and opportunities for residential pharmaceutical disposal programs in the United States via a case study on a series of take-back programs pioneered in the state of Washington by local and state governments, as well as the corresponding backlash from federal agencies. While successful in some ways, these innovative solutions directly challenged the …
Balancing Multilevel Politics in Local Environmental Policy Choices
Although local governments are well poised to address complex environmental policy problems, balancing local and supra-local politics is a key obstacle to overcome. The authors argue that when making policy choices, local policymakers balance local and supra-local influences by exploiting uncertainty in policy goals and associated target populations. Using probit models and survey data of city and county agencies, the authors examine how local an…
Governance, federalism and organizing institutions to manage complex problems
In managing complex policy problems in the federal system, state and local governments are organized into different arrangements for translating policy goals into policy outcomes. Air quality management is used as a test case to understand these variations and their impact on policy outcomes. With data from Clean Air Act implementation plans and a survey of state and local air quality managers, five separate institutional designs are identified: …
Cultural Penetration and Punctuated Policy Change: Explaining the Evolution of U.S. Energy Policy
Punctuated equilibrium theory (PET) suggests that the policy process is characterized by long periods of incremental change and short periods of punctuated change. The impetus for the latter is usually a focusing event that breaks open policy monopolies, allowing for major changes in legislative decision making. While a burgeoning body of literature, a shortcoming in the PET literature is that it has yet to explain why focusing events and subsequ…
When Need Meets Opportunity: Expanding Local Air Networks
Although the Clean Air Act (CAA) relies on a traditional inter-government partnership, new initiatives from local governments that fall outside of the conventional implementation strategy have created a unique public service delivery network by adding layers to the implementation scheme. Using both logistic and multinomial logistic models and a data set of 497 Metropolitan (MSA) and Micropolitian (μSA) areas, this research tests a model of networ…
Is It Us? Is It Them? Or Is It This Place? Predicting Civility in State Legislatures
While many scholars and analysts have observed a decline in civility in recent years, there have been few examinations of how political, economic, and institutional structures may partially explain inter-state differences in these trends. We suggest three potential explanations: (1) institutional structures, such as legislative professionalism and gubernatorial power, have created different contexts in which legislators build and maintain inter-p…
Second-Order Devolution or Local Activism? Local Air Agencies Revisited
In response to calls from previous scholarship for further bottom-up examination of local government roles in environmental policy, the authors revisit local air agencies to examine two separate phenomena occurring in environmental federalism: one from the top down (second-order devolution) and one from the bottom up (local activism). Using survey data from local air agencies on devolved authorities to set air quality standards and to enforce fed…
Arapahoe Politics, 1851-1978: Symbols in Crises of Authority
Tracking state trends in environmental public opinion
Trends in state-level public opinion on the environment within the U.S. are examined, using data from the General Social Survey (GSS) from 1976 to 2008. Multilevel Regression and Post-Stratification (MRP) approach estimates public support for environmental spending at the U.S. state-level over three decades. This allows for an analysis of inter-state homogeneity of environmental public opinion, over the latter half of the twenty century. The find…
Shared Symbols, Contested Meanings: Gros Ventre Culture and History, 1778-1984
Wind River Reservation political process: An Analysis of the Symbols of Consensus
In contrast to the kinds of political activity on other Plains reservations, Arapahoe politics are characterized by consensus, not factionalism, and the elected business council enjoys virtually unanimous support. This paper identifies and accounts for political symbols as cultural directives motivating and validating a social structure that is corporate and an ideology that builds political consensus. It is suggested that variant processes in In…
Policy Implementation and the Multiple Streams Framework: Key Findings and Future Research Directions
Although MSF scholars often overlook implementation, notable progress on this front has been made in recent years that captures what happens after agendas are set and policies adopted, including studies that that directly apply MSF and develop its theoretical components as well as others that leverage its theoretical or empirical observations indirectly in the context of implementation. Given this, the goal of this review is to summarize the basi…
Venue Shopping in Multiple Streams: Campus Free Speech Policy Adoption in Wisconsin
Wisconsin’s Campus Free Speech Act provides a distinctive case study to examine the intersection of venue shopping and the multiple streams framework. After some initial traction, entrepreneur ran into roadblocks in the state legislature; then, shifted their attention to the University of Wisconsin Board of Regents, where they were able to take advantage of an open policy window. When these events are considered holistically, they illustrate how …
Doing Fieldwork: Warnings and Advice
The Arapahoe Ranch: An Experiment in Cultural Change and Economic Development
Wind River Reservation political process: An Analysis of the Symbols of Consensus
In contrast to the kinds of political activity on other Plains reservations, Arapahoe politics are characterized by consensus, not factionalism, and the elected business council enjoys virtually unanimous support. This paper identifies and accounts for political symbols as cultural directives motivating and validating a social structure that is corporate and an ideology that builds political consensus. It is suggested that variant processes in In…
Arapahoe Politics, 1851-1978: Symbols in Crises of Authority
This important, seminal work has been impressively researched and extremely well written. Fowler has effectively combined the fruits of intensive fieldwork with an eleven-year study of primary ethnohistorical documents. - Journal of American History Destined to be a major study of a Plains Indian tribe. - Choice Scholars of the Northern Plains and the people will find this work of long-standing value. Historians and anthropologists, especially th…
Arapahoe Politics, 1851-1978: Symbols in Crises of Authority
Journal Article Arapahoe Politics, 1851–1978: Symbols in Crises of Authority. By Loretta Fowler. (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1982. xxi + 373 pp. Maps, illustrations, chart, tables, appendix, notes, references, and index. $26.50.) Get access Michael L. Lawson Michael L. Lawson Bureau of Indian Affairs Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 70, Issue 1, June 1983, Pag…
Arapahoe Politics, 1851-1978: Symbols in Crises of Authority
Arapahoe Politics, 1851-1978: Symbols in Crises of Authority
Chief Left Hand: Southern Arapaho
Arapahoe Politics, 1851-1978: Symbols in Crises of Authority
Journal Article Arapahoe Politics, 1851–1978: Symbols in Crises of Authority Get access Arapahoe Politics, 1851–1978: Symbols in Crises of Authority. By Fowler Loretta. (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1982. xx + 373 pp. Illustrations, maps, tables, appendix, notes, bibliography, index. $26.50.) Orlan J. Svingen Orlan J. Svingen Historical Research Associates, Missoula, Montana Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Goog…
The Shoshoni-Crow Sun Dance
Oglala Women: Myth, Ritual, and Reality . Marla N. Powers
Shared Symbols, Contested Meanings: Gros Ventre Culture and History, 1778-1984
Journal Article Shared Symbols, Contested Meanings: Gros Ventre Culture and History, 1778–1984. By Loretta Fowler. (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1987. XV + 301 pp. Cloth, $38.50; paper, $16.45.) Get access Herbert T. Hoover Herbert T. Hoover University of South Dakota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 75, Issue 2, September 1988, Pages 589–590, https://doi.org/10.2307…
Social/Cultural Anthropology: Sioux Indian Religion: Tradition and Innovation. Raymond J. DeMallie and Douglas R. Parks , eds
Shared Symbols, Contested Meanings: Gros Ventre Culture and History, 1778-1984
Shared Symbols, Contested Meanings: Gros Ventre Culture and History, 1778-1984
Shared Symbols, Contested Meanings: Gros Ventre Culture and History, 1778-1984
Journal Article Shared Symbols, Contested Meanings: Gros Ventre Culture and History, 1778–1984 Get access Shared Symbols, Contested Meanings: Gros Ventre Culture and History, 1778–1984. By Fowler Loretta. (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1987. xiii + 301 pp. Illustrations, maps, notes, bibliography, index. $35.00, cloth; $14.95, paper.) Michael L. Tate Michael L. Tate University of Nebraska at Omaha Search for other works by this author on: Oxf…
Shared Symbols, Contested Meanings: Gros Ventre Culture and History, 1778-1984
Colonial context and age group relations among plains Indians
The Native Game: Settler Perceptions of Indian/Settler Relations in Central Labrador. Evelyn PLAICE
The Great Plains from the arrival of the horse to 1885
The mid-seventeenth through the late nineteenth centuries were times of tremendous change for the Native peoples of the Plains. They seized new opportunities presented by the arrival of Europeans and by the subsequent expansion of settlers from the United States and Canada into the trans-Mississippi West. Native peoples adapted new technologies to their own needs, elaborated and transformed their basic social and cultural institutions, and helped…
The Plains Indians
The Columbia Guide to American Indians of the Great Plains
Plains Indians have long occupied a special place in the American imagination. Both the historical reality of such evocative figures and events as Crazy Horse, Sitting Bull, Sacajewea, and the Battle of Little Bighorn and the lived reality of Native Americans today are often confused and conflated with popular representations of Indians in movies, paintings, novels, and on television. Ingrained stereotypes and cultural misconceptions born of late…
Tribal Sovereignty and the Historical Imagination: Cheyenne-Arapaho Politics
Journal Article Tribal Sovereignty and the Historical Imagination: Cheyenne-Arapaho Politics Get access Tribal Sovereignty and the Historical Imagination: Cheyenne-Arapaho Politics. By Fowler Loretta. (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2002. xxvi + 356 pp. Illustrations, maps, tables, notes, bibliography, index. $49.95, cloth; $37.95, paper.) Brian Hosmer Brian Hosmer D'Arcy McNickle Center for American Indian History, Newberry Library Searc…
The Four Hills of Life: Northern Arapaho Knowledge and Life Movement
Book Review| October 01 2003 The Four Hills of Life: Northern Arapaho Knowledge and Life Movement By Jeffrey D. Anderson. (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2001. 358 pp., preface, maps, figures, tables. $49.95 cloth.) Loretta Fowler Loretta Fowler Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Ethnohistory (2003) 50 (4): 728–729. https://doi.org/10.1215/00141801-50-4-728 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn …
Politics
This chapter contains section titled: THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLITIES POLITICAL REORGANIZATION: RESPONSES TO COLONIZATION CONFLICT AND COMPETITION THE CENTRALIZATION OF AUTHORITY AND THE FORMATION OF TRIBAL GOVERNMENTS POLITICAL MOBILIZATION DOMINANCE AND RESISTANCE, LOCAL-LEVEL AND STATE RELATIONS TENTATIVE CONCLUSIONS AND PROBLEMS FOR FURTHER STUDY
Political science (45 works) · Sociology (35 works) · Law (33 works) · Politics (32 works) · Computer Science (27 works) · History (22 works) · Law (21 works) · Public Administration (17 works) · Economics (16 works) · Public Policy and Administration Research (14 works)