Constance T Gager
Biographic Data
| ID | 96089 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Constance T Gager |
| GIVEN NAMES | Constance T |
| FAMILY NAME | Gager |
| SIGNATURE | GAGER C T |
| AFFILIATIONS | Montclair State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7181-5176 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 17 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 261 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 17 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1997 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 11 |
Thwarted Belonging and Perceived Burdensomeness During Middle and Older Adulthood
Using a sample of middle-aged and older adults, this research explores associations between generativity and two key risk factors for suicide: thwarted belonging (T.B.) and perceived burdensomeness (P.B.). These variables are typically studied as predictors of suicide; the current study is unique in examining their psychosocial correlates. Erikson described, generativity as a psychosocial construct that characterizes adult well-being in mid-life,…
Conflict or Divorce? Does Parental Conflict and/or Divorce Increase the Likelihood of Adult Children's Cohabiting and Marital Dissolution
The short- and long-term effects of family structure on child well-being remains a hotly contested area among both researchers and policymakers. Although previous research documents that children of divorce are more prone to divorce themselves, much of this research has been plagued by multiple data and analytic problems. A second problematic issue relates to whether it is the divorce per se that leads to increased divorce or rather the conflict …
Labor Force Participation
Who Has the Time? The Relationship Between Household Labor Time and Sexual Frequency
Motivated by the trend of women spending more time in paid labor and the general speedup of everyday life, the authors explore whether the resulting time crunch affects sexual frequency among married couples. Although prior research has examined the associations between relationship quality and household labor time, few have examined a dimension of relationship quality that requires time: sexual frequency. This study tests three hypotheses based …
Whose Time Is It
Children's time use-and specifically the time they spend on household chores-is an important arena for understanding social change. However, few studies accurately depict the multiple factors influencing children's household labor, including parent's and children's available time and parent's levels of work/family stress. We address these gaps by exploring how parents' and children's time use and perceived stress constrains time for housework. We…
Sexual Frequency and the Stability of Marital and Cohabiting Unions
Prior research found that lower sexual frequency and satisfaction were associated with higher rates of divorce, but little research had examined the role of sexual activity in the dissolution of cohabiting unions. We drew upon social exchange theory to hypothesize why sexual frequency is more important in cohabitation: (a) cohabitors' lower costs of finding sexual alternatives, (b) cohabitors' lower barriers to ending the relationship in the form…
What's Fair Is Fair? Role of Justice in Family Labor Allocation Decisions
The theoretical basis on which wives and husbands in the United States evaluate the fairness of the division of household labor is explored. Based on distributive justice theory, separate interviews with wives and husbands are conducted to identify and define the household inputs or contributions that are valued as well as the underlying justice principles that guide household labor allocations. The findings suggest considerable variation in the …
Idle Hands and Empty Pockets? Youth Involvement in Extracurricular Activities, Social Capital, and Economic Status
Using data from the Survey of Adults and Youth, the authors examine the effect of economic status on youths' involvement in both school- and nonschool-related extracurricular activities. Specifically, they assess the association between four alternative measures of economic status-recipiency of food stamps, Aid to Families with Dependent Children/Temporary Assistance to Needy Families, family income, or financial worries-and youth participation i…
Distributive Justice in the Household
We analyze the theoretical basis on which wives and husbands evaluate the fairness of the division of household labor. Using distributive justice theory, we argue that evaluations are based on beliefs about equality and equity rules and social comparisons. We developed a number of formal models to account for evaluations of housework fairness and compare these with data from the 1987 National Survey of Families and Households. We find that husban…
Special Reviewers
Two as One
This article employs event-history analysis of couple-level data from two waves of the National Survey of Families and Households to examine the effects of spouses' perceptions of shared time and marital quality and stability on subsequent odds of marital dissolution. Of central importance in the analysis is the role that gender plays, because empirical evidence documents significant gender variation in spouses' expectations, perceptions, and exp…
Setting the Clock Forward or Back
In 1997, Louisiana codified a new family form by becoming the first state to pass covenant marriage legislation. Soon after, Arizona and Arkansas followed suit. This act created two marriage types with substantially different marital and divorce provisions. In spring 1998, the authors conducted qualitative interviews with focus groups consisting of covenant married couples, feminist activists, and poor women living in public housing, examining th…
Hard Living, Perceived Entitlement to a Great Marriage, and Marital Dissolution
Using the two waves of the National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH), we examine the effects on marital dissolution of couple's gender attitudes, perceived unfairness, marital disagreements, and relationship alternatives, exploring whether these dimensions of marriage influence marital dissolution, net of serious forms of hardship commonly noted in divorce research. With event history methods, we find that husbands', but not wives', perce…
The Effects of Family Characteristics and Time Use on Teenagers' Household Labor
Studies suggest that contributions to housework are minimal. However much of this research focuses on young adolescents, utilizes data regarding tasks, and ignores chores children more often perform. We address these gaps by analyzing longitudinal time-use data collected from teens on the types of household chores they are most likely to perform. We examine gender inequity in teens' contributions to household labor and how it changes over high sc…
The Role of Valued Outcomes, Justifications, and Comparison Referents in Perceptions of Fairness Among Dual-Earner Couples
This research examines factors that may explain why full-time employed wives, despite performing more housework than their full-time employed husbands, fail to report that an unequal division of household labor is unfair. Using interview data for 25 dual-earner couples, this article explores the relationships of valued outcomes, justifications, and choice of comparison referents to perceptions of fairness in the division of household labor. The d…
Identifying Underlying Dimensions in Spouses' Evaluations of Fairness in the Division of Household Labor
A Potential Case of Social Bankruptcy
Based on a pooled time series analysis that covers a 30‐year period at five different time points—1960, 1970, 1980, 1985, and 1990—this research examines the relationship between states' Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) payments and teen birth rates. Drawing on rational choice theories, we expected the effects of states' AFDC payments on their teen birth rates to be positive, taking into account states' divorce rates, population cha…
Two as One
This article employs event-history analysis of couple-level data from two waves of the National Survey of Families and Households to examine the effects of spouses' perceptions of shared time and marital quality and stability on subsequent odds of marital dissolution. Of central importance in the analysis is the role that gender plays, because empirical evidence documents significant gender variation in spouses' expectations, perceptions, and exp…
The Effects of Family Characteristics and Time Use on Teenagers' Household Labor
Studies suggest that contributions to housework are minimal. However much of this research focuses on young adolescents, utilizes data regarding tasks, and ignores chores children more often perform. We address these gaps by analyzing longitudinal time-use data collected from teens on the types of household chores they are most likely to perform. We examine gender inequity in teens' contributions to household labor and how it changes over high sc…
The Role of Valued Outcomes, Justifications, and Comparison Referents in Perceptions of Fairness Among Dual-Earner Couples
This research examines factors that may explain why full-time employed wives, despite performing more housework than their full-time employed husbands, fail to report that an unequal division of household labor is unfair. Using interview data for 25 dual-earner couples, this article explores the relationships of valued outcomes, justifications, and choice of comparison referents to perceptions of fairness in the division of household labor. The d…
Identifying Underlying Dimensions in Spouses' Evaluations of Fairness in the Division of Household Labor
Sexual Frequency and the Stability of Marital and Cohabiting Unions
Prior research found that lower sexual frequency and satisfaction were associated with higher rates of divorce, but little research had examined the role of sexual activity in the dissolution of cohabiting unions. We drew upon social exchange theory to hypothesize why sexual frequency is more important in cohabitation: (a) cohabitors' lower costs of finding sexual alternatives, (b) cohabitors' lower barriers to ending the relationship in the form…
Hard Living, Perceived Entitlement to a Great Marriage, and Marital Dissolution
Using the two waves of the National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH), we examine the effects on marital dissolution of couple's gender attitudes, perceived unfairness, marital disagreements, and relationship alternatives, exploring whether these dimensions of marriage influence marital dissolution, net of serious forms of hardship commonly noted in divorce research. With event history methods, we find that husbands', but not wives', perce…
Idle Hands and Empty Pockets? Youth Involvement in Extracurricular Activities, Social Capital, and Economic Status
Using data from the Survey of Adults and Youth, the authors examine the effect of economic status on youths' involvement in both school- and nonschool-related extracurricular activities. Specifically, they assess the association between four alternative measures of economic status-recipiency of food stamps, Aid to Families with Dependent Children/Temporary Assistance to Needy Families, family income, or financial worries-and youth participation i…
Distributive Justice in the Household
We analyze the theoretical basis on which wives and husbands evaluate the fairness of the division of household labor. Using distributive justice theory, we argue that evaluations are based on beliefs about equality and equity rules and social comparisons. We developed a number of formal models to account for evaluations of housework fairness and compare these with data from the 1987 National Survey of Families and Households. We find that husban…
Who Has the Time? The Relationship Between Household Labor Time and Sexual Frequency
Motivated by the trend of women spending more time in paid labor and the general speedup of everyday life, the authors explore whether the resulting time crunch affects sexual frequency among married couples. Although prior research has examined the associations between relationship quality and household labor time, few have examined a dimension of relationship quality that requires time: sexual frequency. This study tests three hypotheses based …
Whose Time Is It
Children's time use-and specifically the time they spend on household chores-is an important arena for understanding social change. However, few studies accurately depict the multiple factors influencing children's household labor, including parent's and children's available time and parent's levels of work/family stress. We address these gaps by exploring how parents' and children's time use and perceived stress constrains time for housework. We…
Setting the Clock Forward or Back
In 1997, Louisiana codified a new family form by becoming the first state to pass covenant marriage legislation. Soon after, Arizona and Arkansas followed suit. This act created two marriage types with substantially different marital and divorce provisions. In spring 1998, the authors conducted qualitative interviews with focus groups consisting of covenant married couples, feminist activists, and poor women living in public housing, examining th…
What's Fair Is Fair? Role of Justice in Family Labor Allocation Decisions
The theoretical basis on which wives and husbands in the United States evaluate the fairness of the division of household labor is explored. Based on distributive justice theory, separate interviews with wives and husbands are conducted to identify and define the household inputs or contributions that are valued as well as the underlying justice principles that guide household labor allocations. The findings suggest considerable variation in the …
Conflict or Divorce? Does Parental Conflict and/or Divorce Increase the Likelihood of Adult Children's Cohabiting and Marital Dissolution
The short- and long-term effects of family structure on child well-being remains a hotly contested area among both researchers and policymakers. Although previous research documents that children of divorce are more prone to divorce themselves, much of this research has been plagued by multiple data and analytic problems. A second problematic issue relates to whether it is the divorce per se that leads to increased divorce or rather the conflict …
A Potential Case of Social Bankruptcy
Based on a pooled time series analysis that covers a 30‐year period at five different time points—1960, 1970, 1980, 1985, and 1990—this research examines the relationship between states' Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) payments and teen birth rates. Drawing on rational choice theories, we expected the effects of states' AFDC payments on their teen birth rates to be positive, taking into account states' divorce rates, population cha…
A Potential Case of Social Bankruptcy
Based on a pooled time series analysis that covers a 30‐year period at five different time points—1960, 1970, 1980, 1985, and 1990—this research examines the relationship between states' Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) payments and teen birth rates. Drawing on rational choice theories, we expected the effects of states' AFDC payments on their teen birth rates to be positive, taking into account states' divorce rates, population cha…
The Role of Valued Outcomes, Justifications, and Comparison Referents in Perceptions of Fairness Among Dual-Earner Couples
This research examines factors that may explain why full-time employed wives, despite performing more housework than their full-time employed husbands, fail to report that an unequal division of household labor is unfair. Using interview data for 25 dual-earner couples, this article explores the relationships of valued outcomes, justifications, and choice of comparison referents to perceptions of fairness in the division of household labor. The d…
Identifying Underlying Dimensions in Spouses' Evaluations of Fairness in the Division of Household Labor
The Effects of Family Characteristics and Time Use on Teenagers' Household Labor
Studies suggest that contributions to housework are minimal. However much of this research focuses on young adolescents, utilizes data regarding tasks, and ignores chores children more often perform. We address these gaps by analyzing longitudinal time-use data collected from teens on the types of household chores they are most likely to perform. We examine gender inequity in teens' contributions to household labor and how it changes over high sc…
Hard Living, Perceived Entitlement to a Great Marriage, and Marital Dissolution
Using the two waves of the National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH), we examine the effects on marital dissolution of couple's gender attitudes, perceived unfairness, marital disagreements, and relationship alternatives, exploring whether these dimensions of marriage influence marital dissolution, net of serious forms of hardship commonly noted in divorce research. With event history methods, we find that husbands', but not wives', perce…
Setting the Clock Forward or Back
In 1997, Louisiana codified a new family form by becoming the first state to pass covenant marriage legislation. Soon after, Arizona and Arkansas followed suit. This act created two marriage types with substantially different marital and divorce provisions. In spring 1998, the authors conducted qualitative interviews with focus groups consisting of covenant married couples, feminist activists, and poor women living in public housing, examining th…
Two as One
This article employs event-history analysis of couple-level data from two waves of the National Survey of Families and Households to examine the effects of spouses' perceptions of shared time and marital quality and stability on subsequent odds of marital dissolution. Of central importance in the analysis is the role that gender plays, because empirical evidence documents significant gender variation in spouses' expectations, perceptions, and exp…
Special Reviewers
Distributive Justice in the Household
We analyze the theoretical basis on which wives and husbands evaluate the fairness of the division of household labor. Using distributive justice theory, we argue that evaluations are based on beliefs about equality and equity rules and social comparisons. We developed a number of formal models to account for evaluations of housework fairness and compare these with data from the 1987 National Survey of Families and Households. We find that husban…
Idle Hands and Empty Pockets? Youth Involvement in Extracurricular Activities, Social Capital, and Economic Status
Using data from the Survey of Adults and Youth, the authors examine the effect of economic status on youths' involvement in both school- and nonschool-related extracurricular activities. Specifically, they assess the association between four alternative measures of economic status-recipiency of food stamps, Aid to Families with Dependent Children/Temporary Assistance to Needy Families, family income, or financial worries-and youth participation i…
What's Fair Is Fair? Role of Justice in Family Labor Allocation Decisions
The theoretical basis on which wives and husbands in the United States evaluate the fairness of the division of household labor is explored. Based on distributive justice theory, separate interviews with wives and husbands are conducted to identify and define the household inputs or contributions that are valued as well as the underlying justice principles that guide household labor allocations. The findings suggest considerable variation in the …
Whose Time Is It
Children's time use-and specifically the time they spend on household chores-is an important arena for understanding social change. However, few studies accurately depict the multiple factors influencing children's household labor, including parent's and children's available time and parent's levels of work/family stress. We address these gaps by exploring how parents' and children's time use and perceived stress constrains time for housework. We…
Sexual Frequency and the Stability of Marital and Cohabiting Unions
Prior research found that lower sexual frequency and satisfaction were associated with higher rates of divorce, but little research had examined the role of sexual activity in the dissolution of cohabiting unions. We drew upon social exchange theory to hypothesize why sexual frequency is more important in cohabitation: (a) cohabitors' lower costs of finding sexual alternatives, (b) cohabitors' lower barriers to ending the relationship in the form…
Who Has the Time? The Relationship Between Household Labor Time and Sexual Frequency
Motivated by the trend of women spending more time in paid labor and the general speedup of everyday life, the authors explore whether the resulting time crunch affects sexual frequency among married couples. Although prior research has examined the associations between relationship quality and household labor time, few have examined a dimension of relationship quality that requires time: sexual frequency. This study tests three hypotheses based …
Labor Force Participation
Conflict or Divorce? Does Parental Conflict and/or Divorce Increase the Likelihood of Adult Children's Cohabiting and Marital Dissolution
The short- and long-term effects of family structure on child well-being remains a hotly contested area among both researchers and policymakers. Although previous research documents that children of divorce are more prone to divorce themselves, much of this research has been plagued by multiple data and analytic problems. A second problematic issue relates to whether it is the divorce per se that leads to increased divorce or rather the conflict …
Thwarted Belonging and Perceived Burdensomeness During Middle and Older Adulthood
Using a sample of middle-aged and older adults, this research explores associations between generativity and two key risk factors for suicide: thwarted belonging (T.B.) and perceived burdensomeness (P.B.). These variables are typically studied as predictors of suicide; the current study is unique in examining their psychosocial correlates. Erikson described, generativity as a psychosocial construct that characterizes adult well-being in mid-life,…
Psychology (12 works) · Sociology (11 works) · Economics (10 works) · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics (10 works) · Demographic economics (8 works) · Family Dynamics and Relationships (8 works) · Social Psychology (8 works) · Developmental psychology (6 works) · Political science (6 works) · Work-Family Balance Challenges (6 works)