Frederic W Hafferty
Biographic Data
| ID | 97100 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Frederic W Hafferty |
| GIVEN NAMES | Frederic W |
| FAMILY NAME | Hafferty |
| SIGNATURE | HAFFERTY F W |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Minnesota, Duluth |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5604-7268 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 41 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 134 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 41 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1978 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Artificial Intelligence Meets Holistic Review: Promises and Pitfalls of Automating the Medical Education Admissions Process
Holistic review has been widely adopted in medical education as a means of promoting equity in the application process and diversity in the medical workforce. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly emerging technology already having an impact on the medical school and residency application process as students and faculty alike increasingly turn to AI tools to automate some steps in the preparation and evaluation of application materials. While…
Adopting a pedagogy of connection for medical education
In this article, we propose developing a “pedagogy of connection” based on the history and evolution of medical education in Brazil. This pedagogy emerged from the intersection of the healthcare and higher educational systems, both dedicated to the principles of social justice and universal access, in response to the country's efforts to address the enduring impacts of slavery and social inequality. Following the “Sanitary Reformation” movement—a…
Who are the intruders in medical education
Detailing how the hidden curriculum in medicine is full of social rituals and codes that mirror elite social structures, the authors outline how the intruder paradox can invite broader societal critique
U.S. physician burnout and the proletarianization of U.S. doctors: A theoretical reframing
Fitting In While Standing Out: Professional Identity Formation, Imposter Syndrome, and Burnout in Early-Career Faculty Physicians
Fast‐tracking, identity formation and the formalisation of teaching in health professions education
The proliferation of education programmes goes some way towards professionalising teaching, but we mustn't let them devalue teaching by bypassing socialisation processes and professional identity formation
Professional identity struggle and ideology: A qualitative study of residents' experiences
Examining the U.S. premed path as an example of discriminatory design & exploring the role(s) of capital
Autonomy and developing physicians: Reimagining supervision using self‐determination theory
In this article, we address the question, ‘What is the role of autonomy in physician development?’ Medical education is a developmental process, and autonomy plays a motivational role in physician development. Calls for increased supervision of residents have raised concerns that the resulting decreased autonomy might interfere with resident development, leading the authors to explore the relationship between supervision and autonomy. The medical…
The Elephant in the Room: Examining the Connections between Humility and Social Status
Humility is most frequently discussed as a socially-valuable trait, and being perceived as humble is generally considered beneficial. Although there has been extensive scholarship expounding the concept of humility, previous work has yet to fully examine the role(s) of social status and stratification in regards to the perception of others’ humility and being humble. In this sense, there is an elephant in the room that must be acknowledged in ord…
Adverse Childhood Experiences in Trainees and Physicians With Professionalism Lapses: Implications for Medical Education and Remediation
PURPOSE: Unprofessional behavior, which can include failure to engage, dishonest and/or disrespectful behavior, and poor self-awareness, can be demonstrated by medical trainees and practicing physicians. In the authors' experience, these types of behaviors are associated with exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Given this overlap, the authors studied the percentage of ACEs among trainees and physicians referred for fitness-for-duty …
Resident impression management within feedback conversations: A qualitative study
Challenging the clinically-situated emotion-deficient version of empathy within medicine and medical education research
Exploring the Networking of Academic Health Science Leaders: How and Why Do They Do It
PURPOSE: Networking is essential to leadership effectiveness in the business context. Yet little is known about leadership networking within the academic health science context. If we are going to train academic leaders, we must first understand the relational, network-based activities of their work. The purpose of this study was to explore how academic health science leaders engage in networking activities in the academic health science context.…
Coaching Versus Competency to Facilitate Professional Identity Formation
Professional identity formation, with its focus on the development of professional values, actions, and aspirations, is the ideal goal of medical education. Medicine is a community of practice, and medical education is a socialization process by which novice trainees become full community members. The authors believe coaching provides an ideal means for promoting this socialization process to develop a learner’s identity as they engage in the com…
Autonomy and professional identity formation in residency training: A qualitative study
Hidden Curriculum
The hidden curriculum (HC) is a theoretical construct that refers to the unofficial rules, routines, and structures (both social and physical) of environments through which all participants (e.g., students, employees, leaders, etc.) come to learn the behaviors, values, beliefs, and attitudes expected of them. This entry provides a brief tour through the history of the concept in the two fields (sociology and education) where it has garnered the m…
Medical School Socialization
The study of medical education as a process of professional socialization or formation, once the crown jewel in medical sociology's tiara, has fallen on relatively hard times. What once had helped to legitimate an emerging field of study in the 1950s and 1960s has largely ceased to be a fixture of sociological concern. Today, cutting‐edge work on socialization is more likely to be found in journals such as Administrative Science Quarterly , Acade…
The Case of Dr. Oz: Ethics, Evidence, and Does Professional Self-Regulation Work
Dr. Mehmet Oz is widely known not just as a successful media personality donning the title "America's Doctor ® ," but, we suggest, also as a physician visibly out of step with his profession. A recent, unsuccessful attempt to censure Dr. Oz raises the issue of whether the medical profession can effectively self-regulate at all. It also raises concern that the medical profession's self-regulation might be selectively activated, perhaps only when t…
Why It's Unjust to Expect Location-Specific, Language-Specific, or Population-Specific Service from Students with Underrepresented Minority or Low-Income Backgrounds
In this case we meet Amanda, a medical student of Native and Latin American ethnicity who receives financial aid. Her friends are surprised by her interest in an elite residency program. They suggest, rather, that with her language skills, ethnic background, and interest in social justice, she has a responsibility to work with underserved patient populations. In our commentary, we consider issues raised by the case and explore Amanda's friends' u…
The Role of the Hidden Curriculum in “On Doctoring” Courses
In this paper, we briefly examine the role of the hidden curriculum (HC) in a particular type of medical education format: the "on doctoring" (OD) course
Role theory and the practice of interprofessional education: A critical appraisal and a call to sociologists
Stunting professionalism: The potency and durability of the hidden curriculum within medical education
The world as the new local clinic: A critical analysis of three discourses of global medical competency
Sociology and complexity science: A New Field of Inquiry
Professional Dynamics and the Changing Nature of Medical Work
The organization and delivery of health care in the United States is undergoing significant social, organizational, economic, political, and cultural changes with important implications for the future of medicine as a profession. This essay will draw upon some of these changes and briefly review major sociological writings on the nature of medicine's professional status to examine the nature of professional dynamics in a changing environment. To …
Cadaver Stories and the Emotional Socialization of Medical Students
Frederic W. Hafferty, Cadaver Stories and the Emotional Socialization of Medical Students, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 29, No. 4, Theme: Continuities in the Sociology of Medical Education (Dec., 1988), pp. 344-356
"From Apprehension to Fascination With "Dog Lab: The Use of Absolutions by Medical Students
Forty-one first-year medical school students were interviewed regarding their expectations of and experience in a physiology laboratory where live, anesthetized dogs were injected with drugs and surgically manipulated before being killed. Before going into lab, there was widespread uneasiness among most students regarding the moral implications of their anticipated use of dogs as experimental tools. However, students described the lab in very pos…
Decontextualizing disability in the crime mystery genre: The case of the invisible handicap
The depiction of physical impairments in popular culture reflects as well as shapes public attitudes towards persons with disabilities. Scholars have begun to document images of disabilities (the ‘what’) in venues such as literary fiction, motion pictures, advertisements, and television programming but there has been less attention directed toward exploring the techniques through which images are delivered (the ‘how’). In this paper we explore ho…
Stunting professionalism: The potency and durability of the hidden curriculum within medical education
The world as the new local clinic: A critical analysis of three discourses of global medical competency
Role theory and the practice of interprofessional education: A critical appraisal and a call to sociologists
Hidden Curriculum
The hidden curriculum (HC) is a theoretical construct that refers to the unofficial rules, routines, and structures (both social and physical) of environments through which all participants (e.g., students, employees, leaders, etc.) come to learn the behaviors, values, beliefs, and attitudes expected of them. This entry provides a brief tour through the history of the concept in the two fields (sociology and education) where it has garnered the m…
Medicalization reconsidered
Physician Oversupply as a Socially Constructed Reality
This paper utilizes a social constructionist perspective to examine the widespread belief among phy'sicians during the early 1980s that an oversupply of doctors was either present or imminent. It was found that the timing and growl'th of physician beliefs in a 'physician glut during this period could not be adequately explained by net increases in the physician supply, either on an absolute level or relative to the growth of the general populatio…
The Sanctity of Social Life: Physicians?? Treatment of Critically Ill Patients
The Physician Assistantsʼ Movement: Evolution and Issues
Fowkes, Virginia M.H.S.1; Hafferty, Frederic W. Ph.D2; Garcia, Ronald D. Ph.D.3 Author Information
The Effect of Decentralized Education Versus Increased Supply on Practice Location: Experience With Physician Assistants and Nurse Practitioners in California, 1972-1982
To improve the geographic distribution of physician assistants and nurse practitioners in California, the Primary Care Associate Program established five community-based training sites in outlying areas while continuing to operate its core program within the San Francisco Bay Area. To evaluate this effort, the authors prospectively compared the employment locations of graduates from both groups, achieving a follow-up rate of 95%. Graduates from c…
Physician Oversupply as a Socially Constructed Reality
This paper utilizes a social constructionist perspective to examine the widespread belief among phy'sicians during the early 1980s that an oversupply of doctors was either present or imminent. It was found that the timing and growl'th of physician beliefs in a 'physician glut during this period could not be adequately explained by net increases in the physician supply, either on an absolute level or relative to the growth of the general populatio…
Cadaver Stories and the Emotional Socialization of Medical Students
Frederic W. Hafferty, Cadaver Stories and the Emotional Socialization of Medical Students, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 29, No. 4, Theme: Continuities in the Sociology of Medical Education (Dec., 1988), pp. 344-356
To Tell the Truth: An In-Class Learning Exercise for Medical Students
The basic science years of medical training have long been dominated by an exam-based and memorization-oriented lecture format. This paper describes the use of a game show format designed to engage students in an active process of exploring their own group-based images, fears, and stereotypes about what it means to be a physician. The article enamines the game's dynamics as well as the preparations necessary to play the game. The article document…
Into the Valley: Death and the Socialization of Medical Students
Expected Miracles: Surgeons at Work.Joan Cassell
The hidden curriculum, ethics teaching, and the structure of medical education
The authors raise questions regarding the wide-spread calls emanating from lay and medical audiences alike to intensify the formal teaching of ethics within the medical school curriculum. In particular, they challenge a prevailing belief within the culture of medicine that while it may be possible to teach information about ethics (e.g., skills in recognizing the presence of common ethical problems, skills in ethical reasoning, or improved unders…
Decontextualizing disability in the crime mystery genre: The case of the invisible handicap
The depiction of physical impairments in popular culture reflects as well as shapes public attitudes towards persons with disabilities. Scholars have begun to document images of disabilities (the ‘what’) in venues such as literary fiction, motion pictures, advertisements, and television programming but there has been less attention directed toward exploring the techniques through which images are delivered (the ‘how’). In this paper we explore ho…
Professional Dynamics and the Changing Nature of Medical Work
The organization and delivery of health care in the United States is undergoing significant social, organizational, economic, political, and cultural changes with important implications for the future of medicine as a profession. This essay will draw upon some of these changes and briefly review major sociological writings on the nature of medicine's professional status to examine the nature of professional dynamics in a changing environment. To …
"From Apprehension to Fascination With "Dog Lab: The Use of Absolutions by Medical Students
Forty-one first-year medical school students were interviewed regarding their expectations of and experience in a physiology laboratory where live, anesthetized dogs were injected with drugs and surgically manipulated before being killed. Before going into lab, there was widespread uneasiness among most students regarding the moral implications of their anticipated use of dogs as experimental tools. However, students described the lab in very pos…
Beyond curriculum reform: Confronting Medicineʼs Hidden Curriculum
Throughout this century there have been many efforts to reform the medical curriculum. These efforts have largely been unsuccessful in producing fundamental changes in the training of medical students. The author challenges the traditional notion that changes to medical education are most appropriately made at the level of the curriculum, or the formal educational programs and instruction provided to students. Instead, he proposes that the medica…
Medicalization reconsidered
What Society and Medicine Want—for Themselves and from Each Other
What society and medicine want-for
Medical School Socialization
The study of medical education as a process of professional socialization is at best a dormant and at worse a dying object of academic inquiry. What once helped to legitimate an emerging academic field (medical sociology) in the 1950s and 1960s has since fallen on hard conceptual and analytic times. Today, cutting edge work on socialization appears not in sociology journals (where many of the earlier studies were published), but in journals such …
Sociology and complexity science: A New Field of Inquiry
Stunting professionalism: The potency and durability of the hidden curriculum within medical education
The world as the new local clinic: A critical analysis of three discourses of global medical competency
The Role of the Hidden Curriculum in “On Doctoring” Courses
In this paper, we briefly examine the role of the hidden curriculum (HC) in a particular type of medical education format: the "on doctoring" (OD) course
Role theory and the practice of interprofessional education: A critical appraisal and a call to sociologists
Medical School Socialization
The study of medical education as a process of professional socialization or formation, once the crown jewel in medical sociology's tiara, has fallen on relatively hard times. What once had helped to legitimate an emerging field of study in the 1950s and 1960s has largely ceased to be a fixture of sociological concern. Today, cutting‐edge work on socialization is more likely to be found in journals such as Administrative Science Quarterly , Acade…
The Case of Dr. Oz: Ethics, Evidence, and Does Professional Self-Regulation Work
Dr. Mehmet Oz is widely known not just as a successful media personality donning the title "America's Doctor ® ," but, we suggest, also as a physician visibly out of step with his profession. A recent, unsuccessful attempt to censure Dr. Oz raises the issue of whether the medical profession can effectively self-regulate at all. It also raises concern that the medical profession's self-regulation might be selectively activated, perhaps only when t…
Why It's Unjust to Expect Location-Specific, Language-Specific, or Population-Specific Service from Students with Underrepresented Minority or Low-Income Backgrounds
In this case we meet Amanda, a medical student of Native and Latin American ethnicity who receives financial aid. Her friends are surprised by her interest in an elite residency program. They suggest, rather, that with her language skills, ethnic background, and interest in social justice, she has a responsibility to work with underserved patient populations. In our commentary, we consider issues raised by the case and explore Amanda's friends' u…
Hidden Curriculum
The hidden curriculum (HC) is a theoretical construct that refers to the unofficial rules, routines, and structures (both social and physical) of environments through which all participants (e.g., students, employees, leaders, etc.) come to learn the behaviors, values, beliefs, and attitudes expected of them. This entry provides a brief tour through the history of the concept in the two fields (sociology and education) where it has garnered the m…
Psychology (29 works) · Sociology (26 works) · Medicine (22 works) · Political science (21 works) · Innovations in Medical Education (20 works) · Medical education (17 works) · Social Psychology (12 works) · Pedagogy (11 works) · Computer Science (10 works) · Law (10 works)