Stephen M Strader
Biographic Data
| ID | 9720731 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Stephen M Strader |
| GIVEN NAMES | Stephen M |
| FAMILY NAME | Strader |
| SIGNATURE | STRADER S M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Villanova University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6472-3182 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 12 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 12 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2014 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
Spatiotemporal Analyses of Lightning and Tornado Exposure to Large Outdoor Gatherings in the Conterminous United States
Lightning and tornadoes kill more than 100 people per year on average throughout the United States. This study examines potential human exposure to lightning and tornadoes for U.S. large outdoor gathering (LOG) events such as amusement parks, concerts, festivals, and sporting events. Specifically, LOG event attributes such as location, event date, number of events throughout the year, and maximum venue capacity are combined with climatological es…
Factors that influenced preferences regarding use of public and private tornado shelters during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020
This study examines factors shaping individuals' preferences for use of tornado shelters in public and private facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic, utilizing over 6000 surveys collected in Spring and Summer 2020 across the central and eastern United States. We employed Random Forest (RF) ensemble modeling to assess respondents' inclination to use storm shelters in group settings, including a scenario where face masks were mandated at public s…
The Climatology, Vulnerability, and Public Perceptions Associated with Overlapping Tornado and Flash Flood Warnings in a Portion of the Southeast United States
Simultaneous and overlapping tornadoes and flash floods are a meteorological hazard with complex societal implications as, when issued at the same time, tornado and flash flood warnings provide conflicting public safety advice. This work assessed potential tornado and flash flood (TORFF) events in a portion of the Southeast from an interdisciplinary perspective with a focus on the climatology, vulnerability, and public perceptions surrounding the…
Revisiting U.S. Nocturnal Tornado Vulnerability and Its Influence on Tornado Impacts
This research examines tornadoes and their fatalities by light condition (i.e., daytime and nighttime) for the United States. The study has two primary objectives: 1) to catalog and reassess differences in daytime and nighttime, or nocturnal, tornadoes and their fatalities from spatial and temporal perspectives and 2) to employ a spatially explicit Monte Carlo simulation technique to calculate differences in daytime and nocturnal tornado–populati…
Double trouble
Assessment of NWS County Warning Area Tornado Risk, Exposure, and Vulnerability
This study investigates the interrelationships between National Weather Service (NWS) county warning area (CWA) tornado risk, exposure, and societal vulnerability. CWA climatological tornado risk is determined using historical tornado event data, and exposure and vulnerability are assessed by employing present-day population, housing, socioeconomic, and demographic metrics. In addition, tornado watches, warnings, warning lead times, false alarm w…
Unpacking Tornado Disasters
This study illustrates and describes how Southeast US tornado disasters commonly unfold by examining the 2019 Beauregard-Smith Station, Alabama, tornado event from spatiotemporal and structural engineering standpoints. Findings indicate that although the meteorological forecasts leading up to the tornado event were accurate and timely, 23 individuals—19 in manufactured homes—still perished. All fatalities were primarily a result of the lack of po…
Projecting End-of-Century Human Exposure from Tornadoes and Severe Hailstorms in Eastern Colorado
Severe convective storms along the Front Range and eastern plains of Colorado frequently produce tornadoes and hail, leading to substantial damage and crop losses annually. Determination of future human exposure from these events must consider both changes in meteorological conditions and population dynamics. Projections of EF0 + tornadoes (on the enhanced Fujita scale) and severe [1.0+ in. (25.4+ mm)] hail reports out to the year 2100 are comput…
Structural Forces
Southeastern U.S. mobile and manufactured housing (MH) residents are the most tornado-vulnerable subset of the population because of both physical and socioeconomic factors. This study builds upon prior MH resident tornado vulnerability research by statistically and geographically analyzing responses from a survey administered to these residents in the Southeast. Specifically, 257 Alabama and Mississippi MH residents were administered a survey wi…
Finescale Assessment of Mobile Home Tornado Vulnerability in the Central and Southeast United States
Research has illustrated that tornado disaster potential and impact severity are controlled by hazard risk and underlying physical and social vulnerabilities. Previous vulnerability studies have suggested that an important driver of disaster consequence is the type of housing affected by tornadic winds. This study employs a Monte Carlo tornado simulation tool; mobile home location information derived from finescale, land-parcel data; and census e…
Observed and Projected Changes in United States Tornado Exposure
This study examines how tornado risk and societal exposure interact to create tornado disaster potential in the United States. Finescale historical and projected demographic data are used in a set of region-specific Monte Carlo tornado simulations to reveal how societal development has shaped, and will continue to shape, tornado disaster frequency and consequences. Results illustrate that although the U.S. Midwest contains the greatest built-envi…
Spatiotemporal Changes in Tornado Hazard Exposure
Exposure has amplified rapidly over the past half century and is one of the primary drivers of increases in disaster frequency and consequences. Previous research on exposure change detection has proven limited since the geographic units of aggregation for decennial censuses, the sole measure of accurate historical population and housing counts, vary from one census to the next. To address this shortcoming, this research produces a set of gridded…
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Spatiotemporal Changes in Tornado Hazard Exposure
Exposure has amplified rapidly over the past half century and is one of the primary drivers of increases in disaster frequency and consequences. Previous research on exposure change detection has proven limited since the geographic units of aggregation for decennial censuses, the sole measure of accurate historical population and housing counts, vary from one census to the next. To address this shortcoming, this research produces a set of gridded…
Observed and Projected Changes in United States Tornado Exposure
This study examines how tornado risk and societal exposure interact to create tornado disaster potential in the United States. Finescale historical and projected demographic data are used in a set of region-specific Monte Carlo tornado simulations to reveal how societal development has shaped, and will continue to shape, tornado disaster frequency and consequences. Results illustrate that although the U.S. Midwest contains the greatest built-envi…
Finescale Assessment of Mobile Home Tornado Vulnerability in the Central and Southeast United States
Research has illustrated that tornado disaster potential and impact severity are controlled by hazard risk and underlying physical and social vulnerabilities. Previous vulnerability studies have suggested that an important driver of disaster consequence is the type of housing affected by tornadic winds. This study employs a Monte Carlo tornado simulation tool; mobile home location information derived from finescale, land-parcel data; and census e…
Projecting End-of-Century Human Exposure from Tornadoes and Severe Hailstorms in Eastern Colorado
Severe convective storms along the Front Range and eastern plains of Colorado frequently produce tornadoes and hail, leading to substantial damage and crop losses annually. Determination of future human exposure from these events must consider both changes in meteorological conditions and population dynamics. Projections of EF0 + tornadoes (on the enhanced Fujita scale) and severe [1.0+ in. (25.4+ mm)] hail reports out to the year 2100 are comput…
Structural Forces
Southeastern U.S. mobile and manufactured housing (MH) residents are the most tornado-vulnerable subset of the population because of both physical and socioeconomic factors. This study builds upon prior MH resident tornado vulnerability research by statistically and geographically analyzing responses from a survey administered to these residents in the Southeast. Specifically, 257 Alabama and Mississippi MH residents were administered a survey wi…
Assessment of NWS County Warning Area Tornado Risk, Exposure, and Vulnerability
This study investigates the interrelationships between National Weather Service (NWS) county warning area (CWA) tornado risk, exposure, and societal vulnerability. CWA climatological tornado risk is determined using historical tornado event data, and exposure and vulnerability are assessed by employing present-day population, housing, socioeconomic, and demographic metrics. In addition, tornado watches, warnings, warning lead times, false alarm w…
Unpacking Tornado Disasters
This study illustrates and describes how Southeast US tornado disasters commonly unfold by examining the 2019 Beauregard-Smith Station, Alabama, tornado event from spatiotemporal and structural engineering standpoints. Findings indicate that although the meteorological forecasts leading up to the tornado event were accurate and timely, 23 individuals—19 in manufactured homes—still perished. All fatalities were primarily a result of the lack of po…
Revisiting U.S. Nocturnal Tornado Vulnerability and Its Influence on Tornado Impacts
This research examines tornadoes and their fatalities by light condition (i.e., daytime and nighttime) for the United States. The study has two primary objectives: 1) to catalog and reassess differences in daytime and nighttime, or nocturnal, tornadoes and their fatalities from spatial and temporal perspectives and 2) to employ a spatially explicit Monte Carlo simulation technique to calculate differences in daytime and nocturnal tornado–populati…
Double trouble
The Climatology, Vulnerability, and Public Perceptions Associated with Overlapping Tornado and Flash Flood Warnings in a Portion of the Southeast United States
Simultaneous and overlapping tornadoes and flash floods are a meteorological hazard with complex societal implications as, when issued at the same time, tornado and flash flood warnings provide conflicting public safety advice. This work assessed potential tornado and flash flood (TORFF) events in a portion of the Southeast from an interdisciplinary perspective with a focus on the climatology, vulnerability, and public perceptions surrounding the…
Factors that influenced preferences regarding use of public and private tornado shelters during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020
This study examines factors shaping individuals' preferences for use of tornado shelters in public and private facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic, utilizing over 6000 surveys collected in Spring and Summer 2020 across the central and eastern United States. We employed Random Forest (RF) ensemble modeling to assess respondents' inclination to use storm shelters in group settings, including a scenario where face masks were mandated at public s…
Spatiotemporal Analyses of Lightning and Tornado Exposure to Large Outdoor Gatherings in the Conterminous United States
Lightning and tornadoes kill more than 100 people per year on average throughout the United States. This study examines potential human exposure to lightning and tornadoes for U.S. large outdoor gathering (LOG) events such as amusement parks, concerts, festivals, and sporting events. Specifically, LOG event attributes such as location, event date, number of events throughout the year, and maximum venue capacity are combined with climatological es…
Geography (12 works) · Tornado (12 works) · Meteorology (11 works) · Flood Risk Assessment and Management (8 works) · Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research (7 works) · Environmental Science (6 works) · Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations (6 works) · Population (6 works) · Computer security (5 works) · Medicine (5 works)