Gretchen A Condran
Biographic Data
| ID | 97383 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Gretchen A Condran |
| GIVEN NAMES | Gretchen A |
| FAMILY NAME | Condran |
| SIGNATURE | CONDRAN G A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Temple College |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 21 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 203 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 21 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1978 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
A History of Population Health
Reviewed by: A History of Population Health: Rise and Fall of Disease in Europe by Johan P. Mackenbach Gretchen A. Condran, Emeritus Johan P. Mackenbach, A History of Population Health: Rise and Fall of Disease in Europe. Clio Medica, vol. 101. Leiden: Brill, 2020. xii + 430 pp. Ill. $159.00 (978-90-04-42582-8). Johan P. Mackenbach has undertaken a monumental task; his history “begins in the early 1700s, when the first quantitative data begin to …
The Role of Medicolegal Systems in Producing Geographic Variation in Suicide Rates
Objectives In this analysis, we ask whether there is systematic variation in the reporting of suicide by medicolegal system and if so whether this biases estimated effects of social correlates on suicide. Methods With cause of death records (1999–2002) and 2000 Census data, we use negative binomial regression to analyze the effects of medicolegal system on suicide and nonsuicide mortality aggregated at county of occurrence. Results We find that e…
Defining and Managing Infant Mortality
Historically, public health workers, physicians, and reformers have used the infant mortality rate as an indicator of the goodness of a society—its general welfare, the justness of its political system, the efficacy of its public works, the benevolence of its powerful; a high rate of death among the very young was an index of a community's shame. These views of the infant mortality rate as reflecting general characteristics of a society were wide…
Defining and Managing Infant Mortality
Historically, public health workers, physicians, and reformers have used the infant mortality rate as an indicator of the goodness of a society—its general welfare, the justness of its political system, the efficacy of its public works, the benevolence of its powerful; a high rate of death among the very young was an index of a community’s shame. These views of the infant mortality rate as reflecting general characteristics of a society were wide…
The Elusive Role of Scientific Medicine in Mortality Decline
The designation of the Klebs-Loeffler bacillus as the cause of diphtheria in the early 1890s and the subsequent development of the antitoxin treatment in the years immediately following were at the time and continue to be viewed as triumphs of scientific medicine. I focus on these two developments to illustrate the problems that arise in attempting to answer the questions regarding the role that changes in medical practice--in this case, the use …
Early Death
The high mortality of nineteenth-century cities included excess summer mortality among infants and young children. Data from New York City, New Or-leans, and Chicago from 1870 to 1917 and earlier data from New York City permit an examination of this high summer mortality and its decline during the early twentieth century in relation to changes in infant feeding practices, sanitation projects to improve water supplies and methods of waste disposal…
Health and Welfare during Industrialization (review)
This book questions whether the industrial revolution resulted in unmitigated advantage in terms of the quality of life or standard of living, or whether, as "the pessimists" argue, it produced disamenities that (at least for some time) altered standards of living downward. The tentative and qualified answer is that it depends on when industrialization took place: the early industrializing countries, most notably Britain and the United States, su…
A Relational Model of Mortality at Older Ages in Low Mortality Countries
This paper presents a relational model of age-specific death rates at ages 45–99. It is based upon death rates calculated for single years of age and five-year periods from 1950 to 1985 in 16 low-mortality countries. Eighty-two data sets are used in the construction of the model. These data passed a rigorous quality test which involved comparisons of intercensal changes in cohort size with intercensal deaths. Construction of the model is based up…
Évolution du bien-être des enfants et transformations de la famille américaine
Condran (Gretchen A.), Furstenberg (Frank F.) . - Évolution du bien-être des enfants et transformations de la famille américaine Existe-t-il un synchronisme, éventuellement décalé, entre l'évolution du nombre de mères actives et du nombre de divorces ou de naissances hors mariage, d'une part, et l'évolution du nombre d'adolescents obtenant leur diplôme du secondaire ou s'inscrivant dans le supérieur, consommant drogue ou alcool, commettant suicid…
The Decline of Mortality in Europe
Child Mortality among Jewish Immigrants to the United States
The authors analyze reasons for the low levels of infant and child mortality among Jewish immigrants to the United States in the early twentieth century. They examine historical interpretations of the phenomenon including racial and biological determinants family and child-care practices and better access to medical care and acceptance of scientific medicine. Data from the 1910 U.S. census are used to analyze the impact of assimilation socioecono…
Declining mortality in the United States in the late nineteeth and early twentieth centuries
La baisse de la mortalité observée en Occident à la fin du XIXe et au début du XXe siècles est-elle le résultat d'actions délibérées menées par des médecins, des responsables de services de santé publique et des individus, ou tout simplement le corollaire de l'industrialisation et de l'accroissement du revenu moyen par tête ? Voilà l'un des sujets les plus controversés en démographie historique. L'étude comparative de l'évolution des taux de mort…
Sons, Daughters, and the Risk of Marital Disruption
The association between the sex of children and their parents' risk of marital disruption is examined using the June 1980 Current Population Survey. The finding is that sons reduce the risk of marital disruption by 9% more than do daughters. This difference holds across marriage cohorts, racial groups, and categories of mother's education. A compelling explanation for these findings, supported by data from the National Survey of Children, stresse…
The Effect of Residential Segregation on Black Social and Economic Well-Being
This paper investigates some of the consequences of black residential segregation using specially compiled data for Philadelphia in 1980. Blacks, like whites, attempt to improve their neighborhood characteristics with rising social status, but unlike whites, they face strong barriers to residential mobility. As a result, high status blacks must live in neighborhoods with fewer resources and amenities than whites of similar background. Specificall…
The Effect of Residential Segregation on Black Social and Economic Well- Being
An Evaluation of estimates of underenumeration in the census and the age pattern of mortality, philadelphia, 1880
The schedule of mortality by age for Philadelphia’s 1880 population classified by sex and race showed aberrations from Coale and Demeny West, South, and North model life tables. Deviations from standard age patterns of mortality were especially pronounced for the black population. The question addressed in this paper is whether the alternative age patterns of mortality are produced by underenumeration in the 1880census or by actual variations in …
Mortality Variation in U.S. Cities in 1900
Eileen M. Crimmins, Gretchen A. Condran, Mortality Variation in U.S. Cities in 1900: A Two-Level Explanation by Cause of Death and Underlying Factors, Social Science History, Vol. 7, No. 1 (Winter, 1983), pp. 31-59
Mortality Trends in Philadelphia
This article examines the decline in mortality which occurred in Philadelphia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Age- and cause-specific mortality rates accounting for the decline are isolated and the relative importance of several variables in explaining the reduction of overall mortality levels is assessed. By using small areas within the city we are able to establish the impact of particular innovations on specific causes of…
Linkage of the 1880–81 Philadelphia death register to the 1880 manuscript census
The authors describe the results of efforts to link information on black decedents from the 1880-1881 death register of Philadelphia to the 1880 U.S. census using a hand-linkage procedures with regard to the numbers of links and the biases of the linked files produced by each (ANNOTATION)
Mortality differentials between rural and urban areas of states in the northeastern United States 1890–1900
Public health measures and mortality in U.S. cities in the late nineteenth century
Sons, Daughters, and the Risk of Marital Disruption
The association between the sex of children and their parents' risk of marital disruption is examined using the June 1980 Current Population Survey. The finding is that sons reduce the risk of marital disruption by 9% more than do daughters. This difference holds across marriage cohorts, racial groups, and categories of mother's education. A compelling explanation for these findings, supported by data from the National Survey of Children, stresse…
The Effect of Residential Segregation on Black Social and Economic Well- Being
Mortality differentials between rural and urban areas of states in the northeastern United States 1890–1900
Public health measures and mortality in U.S. cities in the late nineteenth century
A Relational Model of Mortality at Older Ages in Low Mortality Countries
This paper presents a relational model of age-specific death rates at ages 45–99. It is based upon death rates calculated for single years of age and five-year periods from 1950 to 1985 in 16 low-mortality countries. Eighty-two data sets are used in the construction of the model. These data passed a rigorous quality test which involved comparisons of intercensal changes in cohort size with intercensal deaths. Construction of the model is based up…
Mortality Trends in Philadelphia
This article examines the decline in mortality which occurred in Philadelphia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Age- and cause-specific mortality rates accounting for the decline are isolated and the relative importance of several variables in explaining the reduction of overall mortality levels is assessed. By using small areas within the city we are able to establish the impact of particular innovations on specific causes of…
Child Mortality among Jewish Immigrants to the United States
The authors analyze reasons for the low levels of infant and child mortality among Jewish immigrants to the United States in the early twentieth century. They examine historical interpretations of the phenomenon including racial and biological determinants family and child-care practices and better access to medical care and acceptance of scientific medicine. Data from the 1910 U.S. census are used to analyze the impact of assimilation socioecono…
An Evaluation of estimates of underenumeration in the census and the age pattern of mortality, philadelphia, 1880
The schedule of mortality by age for Philadelphia’s 1880 population classified by sex and race showed aberrations from Coale and Demeny West, South, and North model life tables. Deviations from standard age patterns of mortality were especially pronounced for the black population. The question addressed in this paper is whether the alternative age patterns of mortality are produced by underenumeration in the 1880census or by actual variations in …
Linkage of the 1880–81 Philadelphia death register to the 1880 manuscript census
The authors describe the results of efforts to link information on black decedents from the 1880-1881 death register of Philadelphia to the 1880 U.S. census using a hand-linkage procedures with regard to the numbers of links and the biases of the linked files produced by each (ANNOTATION)
Mortality Variation in U.S. Cities in 1900
Eileen M. Crimmins, Gretchen A. Condran, Mortality Variation in U.S. Cities in 1900: A Two-Level Explanation by Cause of Death and Underlying Factors, Social Science History, Vol. 7, No. 1 (Winter, 1983), pp. 31-59
The Role of Medicolegal Systems in Producing Geographic Variation in Suicide Rates
Objectives In this analysis, we ask whether there is systematic variation in the reporting of suicide by medicolegal system and if so whether this biases estimated effects of social correlates on suicide. Methods With cause of death records (1999–2002) and 2000 Census data, we use negative binomial regression to analyze the effects of medicolegal system on suicide and nonsuicide mortality aggregated at county of occurrence. Results We find that e…
Early Death
The high mortality of nineteenth-century cities included excess summer mortality among infants and young children. Data from New York City, New Or-leans, and Chicago from 1870 to 1917 and earlier data from New York City permit an examination of this high summer mortality and its decline during the early twentieth century in relation to changes in infant feeding practices, sanitation projects to improve water supplies and methods of waste disposal…
Defining and Managing Infant Mortality
Historically, public health workers, physicians, and reformers have used the infant mortality rate as an indicator of the goodness of a society—its general welfare, the justness of its political system, the efficacy of its public works, the benevolence of its powerful; a high rate of death among the very young was an index of a community’s shame. These views of the infant mortality rate as reflecting general characteristics of a society were wide…
The Elusive Role of Scientific Medicine in Mortality Decline
The designation of the Klebs-Loeffler bacillus as the cause of diphtheria in the early 1890s and the subsequent development of the antitoxin treatment in the years immediately following were at the time and continue to be viewed as triumphs of scientific medicine. I focus on these two developments to illustrate the problems that arise in attempting to answer the questions regarding the role that changes in medical practice--in this case, the use …
Évolution du bien-être des enfants et transformations de la famille américaine
Condran (Gretchen A.), Furstenberg (Frank F.) . - Évolution du bien-être des enfants et transformations de la famille américaine Existe-t-il un synchronisme, éventuellement décalé, entre l'évolution du nombre de mères actives et du nombre de divorces ou de naissances hors mariage, d'une part, et l'évolution du nombre d'adolescents obtenant leur diplôme du secondaire ou s'inscrivant dans le supérieur, consommant drogue ou alcool, commettant suicid…
Public health measures and mortality in U.S. cities in the late nineteenth century
Mortality differentials between rural and urban areas of states in the northeastern United States 1890–1900
Linkage of the 1880–81 Philadelphia death register to the 1880 manuscript census
The authors describe the results of efforts to link information on black decedents from the 1880-1881 death register of Philadelphia to the 1880 U.S. census using a hand-linkage procedures with regard to the numbers of links and the biases of the linked files produced by each (ANNOTATION)
Mortality Trends in Philadelphia
This article examines the decline in mortality which occurred in Philadelphia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Age- and cause-specific mortality rates accounting for the decline are isolated and the relative importance of several variables in explaining the reduction of overall mortality levels is assessed. By using small areas within the city we are able to establish the impact of particular innovations on specific causes of…
Mortality Variation in U.S. Cities in 1900
Eileen M. Crimmins, Gretchen A. Condran, Mortality Variation in U.S. Cities in 1900: A Two-Level Explanation by Cause of Death and Underlying Factors, Social Science History, Vol. 7, No. 1 (Winter, 1983), pp. 31-59
An Evaluation of estimates of underenumeration in the census and the age pattern of mortality, philadelphia, 1880
The schedule of mortality by age for Philadelphia’s 1880 population classified by sex and race showed aberrations from Coale and Demeny West, South, and North model life tables. Deviations from standard age patterns of mortality were especially pronounced for the black population. The question addressed in this paper is whether the alternative age patterns of mortality are produced by underenumeration in the 1880census or by actual variations in …
The Effect of Residential Segregation on Black Social and Economic Well-Being
This paper investigates some of the consequences of black residential segregation using specially compiled data for Philadelphia in 1980. Blacks, like whites, attempt to improve their neighborhood characteristics with rising social status, but unlike whites, they face strong barriers to residential mobility. As a result, high status blacks must live in neighborhoods with fewer resources and amenities than whites of similar background. Specificall…
The Effect of Residential Segregation on Black Social and Economic Well- Being
Declining mortality in the United States in the late nineteeth and early twentieth centuries
La baisse de la mortalité observée en Occident à la fin du XIXe et au début du XXe siècles est-elle le résultat d'actions délibérées menées par des médecins, des responsables de services de santé publique et des individus, ou tout simplement le corollaire de l'industrialisation et de l'accroissement du revenu moyen par tête ? Voilà l'un des sujets les plus controversés en démographie historique. L'étude comparative de l'évolution des taux de mort…
Sons, Daughters, and the Risk of Marital Disruption
The association between the sex of children and their parents' risk of marital disruption is examined using the June 1980 Current Population Survey. The finding is that sons reduce the risk of marital disruption by 9% more than do daughters. This difference holds across marriage cohorts, racial groups, and categories of mother's education. A compelling explanation for these findings, supported by data from the National Survey of Children, stresse…
Child Mortality among Jewish Immigrants to the United States
The authors analyze reasons for the low levels of infant and child mortality among Jewish immigrants to the United States in the early twentieth century. They examine historical interpretations of the phenomenon including racial and biological determinants family and child-care practices and better access to medical care and acceptance of scientific medicine. Data from the 1910 U.S. census are used to analyze the impact of assimilation socioecono…
The Decline of Mortality in Europe
A Relational Model of Mortality at Older Ages in Low Mortality Countries
This paper presents a relational model of age-specific death rates at ages 45–99. It is based upon death rates calculated for single years of age and five-year periods from 1950 to 1985 in 16 low-mortality countries. Eighty-two data sets are used in the construction of the model. These data passed a rigorous quality test which involved comparisons of intercensal changes in cohort size with intercensal deaths. Construction of the model is based up…
Évolution du bien-être des enfants et transformations de la famille américaine
Condran (Gretchen A.), Furstenberg (Frank F.) . - Évolution du bien-être des enfants et transformations de la famille américaine Existe-t-il un synchronisme, éventuellement décalé, entre l'évolution du nombre de mères actives et du nombre de divorces ou de naissances hors mariage, d'une part, et l'évolution du nombre d'adolescents obtenant leur diplôme du secondaire ou s'inscrivant dans le supérieur, consommant drogue ou alcool, commettant suicid…
Health and Welfare during Industrialization (review)
This book questions whether the industrial revolution resulted in unmitigated advantage in terms of the quality of life or standard of living, or whether, as "the pessimists" argue, it produced disamenities that (at least for some time) altered standards of living downward. The tentative and qualified answer is that it depends on when industrialization took place: the early industrializing countries, most notably Britain and the United States, su…
Early Death
The high mortality of nineteenth-century cities included excess summer mortality among infants and young children. Data from New York City, New Or-leans, and Chicago from 1870 to 1917 and earlier data from New York City permit an examination of this high summer mortality and its decline during the early twentieth century in relation to changes in infant feeding practices, sanitation projects to improve water supplies and methods of waste disposal…
Defining and Managing Infant Mortality
Historically, public health workers, physicians, and reformers have used the infant mortality rate as an indicator of the goodness of a society—its general welfare, the justness of its political system, the efficacy of its public works, the benevolence of its powerful; a high rate of death among the very young was an index of a community's shame. These views of the infant mortality rate as reflecting general characteristics of a society were wide…
Defining and Managing Infant Mortality
Historically, public health workers, physicians, and reformers have used the infant mortality rate as an indicator of the goodness of a society—its general welfare, the justness of its political system, the efficacy of its public works, the benevolence of its powerful; a high rate of death among the very young was an index of a community’s shame. These views of the infant mortality rate as reflecting general characteristics of a society were wide…
The Elusive Role of Scientific Medicine in Mortality Decline
The designation of the Klebs-Loeffler bacillus as the cause of diphtheria in the early 1890s and the subsequent development of the antitoxin treatment in the years immediately following were at the time and continue to be viewed as triumphs of scientific medicine. I focus on these two developments to illustrate the problems that arise in attempting to answer the questions regarding the role that changes in medical practice--in this case, the use …
The Role of Medicolegal Systems in Producing Geographic Variation in Suicide Rates
Objectives In this analysis, we ask whether there is systematic variation in the reporting of suicide by medicolegal system and if so whether this biases estimated effects of social correlates on suicide. Methods With cause of death records (1999–2002) and 2000 Census data, we use negative binomial regression to analyze the effects of medicolegal system on suicide and nonsuicide mortality aggregated at county of occurrence. Results We find that e…
A History of Population Health
Reviewed by: A History of Population Health: Rise and Fall of Disease in Europe by Johan P. Mackenbach Gretchen A. Condran, Emeritus Johan P. Mackenbach, A History of Population Health: Rise and Fall of Disease in Europe. Clio Medica, vol. 101. Leiden: Brill, 2020. xii + 430 pp. Ill. $159.00 (978-90-04-42582-8). Johan P. Mackenbach has undertaken a monumental task; his history “begins in the early 1700s, when the first quantitative data begin to …
Demography (16 works) · Sociology (15 works) · Medicine (11 works) · Population (11 works) · Geography (10 works) · Demography (8 works) · Mortality rate (7 works) · Political science (6 works) · Economics (5 works) · Global Health Care Issues (5 works)