Peter R Schmidt
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 98301 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Peter R Schmidt |
| PRENOMES | Peter R |
| SOBRENOME | Schmidt |
| ASSINATURA | SCHMIDT P R |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Florida |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5700-3144 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 75 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 446 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 71 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 6 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1974 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 13 |
Heritage forfeited and forgotten
Central governments have controlled cultural heritage management in most African countries since colonial times. Focusing on Tanzania, the authors here argue that heritage sites are at risk from the institutions tasked with managing them, citing an institutional reluctance to protect threatened sites, delegation of responsibility to unqualified organisations, inappropriate development of sites as income-generating entities and a resistance to wor…
Africa’s Cultural Crossroads
Archaeological research in the Ndali Crater Lakes Region (NCLR) in western Uganda has contributed significant insights into first millennium AD multilingual communities. These diverse communities, sharing food ways, ceramic technologies, and ritual beliefs, are traced to Bantu speakers who interacted with Sudanic speakers who made Kansyore ceramics. One of the significant exchanges of cultural beliefs was the adoption of Kansyore burial urns by B…
Investigation of Dental and Oral Health in Children and Adolescents with Special Support Needs from a Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Perspective
CAPPS have a foundation in relationship-based work for assessing oral and dental healthcare and providing recommendations for further dental care. Regional networking and science must be further developed
A Tapestry of Human-Induced and Climate-Driven Environmental Change in Western Uganda
Recent archaeological and paleoenvironmental research in the Ndali Crater Lakes Region (NCLR) of western Uganda provide important new insights into anthropogenic impacts on moist forests to the East of the Rwenzori Mountains. This research significantly changes previous interpretations of paleoenvironmental records in western Uganda and helps to distinguish climate change from human impacts. By drawing on multiple sources such as historical lingu…
Multilingualism at the Crossroads of Africa
Remaki n g the Late Holocene Environment of Western Uganda
Archaeological and environmental research by an international and interdisciplinary team opens new perspectives into the settlement histories of Kansyore, Early Iron Age, and Bigo period peoples in the once forested regions of the Ndali Crater Lakes Region (NCLR) of western Uganda. The research examines the role of Kansyore agropastoralists and their Early Iron Age and Bantu-speaking contemporaries in remaking a once forested environment into a f…
The Confident study protocol
NCT05168800 at ClinicalTrials.gov, registered December 23, 2021
African Epistemologies and Ontologies
Archaeologies of Listening
Archaeologists tend to rely on scientific methods to reconstruct past histories, an approach that can alienate local indigenous populations and limit the potential of archaeological research. Essays in this volume argue that listening to and learning from local and descendant communities is vital for interpreting the histories and heritage values of archaeological sites.
How Stressful Is Examining Children with Symptoms of Child Abuse?—Measurement of Stress Appraisal (SAM) in German Physicians with Key Expertise in Pediatrics
To optimize their potential in the child protection system, pediatricians need to be better supported in coping with the identified stressors in child abuse scenarios
Oral Health Care of People with Down Syndrome in Germany
Age-dependent differences in tooth brushing behaviour became evident within the group of PDS in Germany. Hence, better age-specific, inter-professional dental prophylaxis concepts need to be developed and offered for all age groups of PDS. These concepts should include personalized check-up intervals and hands-on instruction in dental hygiene procedures by dental practitioners
Are Attitudes towards Covid-19 Pandemic Related to Subjective Physical and Mental Health
In this paper, we investigate the relationship between a person’s psychological distress, subjective physical health and their attitudes towards the COVID-19 pandemic. The evaluation was performed on the basis of data from two waves of the Saxon Longitudinal Study, carried out in 2019 (pre-pandemic) and 2021. The number of study participants in both waves was 291. We tested in autoregressive cross-lagged models the stability of the respondents’ h…
Restoration of an Upper Anterior Tooth in an Adolescent with Autism Spectrum Disorder—A Student Case Report
To avoid discrimination of this group of patients in the provision and quality of dental care, a structured approach to the transfer of theoretical and practical knowledge in the field of special care dentistry is indispensable. To this end, treatment strategies for special care patients should be taught to pre-graduate dental students as a fundamental part of their university curriculum
Is there Hope for Heritage in Former British Colonies in Eastern Africa? A View from Tanzania
British Colonial governments in eastern Africa became deeply involved in the protection and conservation of Protected Areas, zones of high value for natural history and wildlife. Often such areas were created without consideration of community interests and management expertise. Centralized power and decision-making militated against local engagement. This trend was accompanied by parallel developments in the heritage sector, which initially focu…
Archaeologies of Listening
Archaeologies of Listening provides a fresh and bold look at how archaeologists and heritage managers may enhance their capacity to interpret and understand material culture and heritage values. By listening closely to indigenous voices and to those who have long-term relationships with the landscape, deeper empirical understandings are brought to interpretations. Drawing on the founding principles of anthropology, Archaeologies of Listening demo…
Archaeologies of Listening
Archaeologies of Listening
Ontology unveiled, serpents remembered, time reconfigured
Indigenous theories of historical knowledge have been relegated to permanent off-stage status. Those who have had the privilege to collaborate with historically minded counterparts in other cultures have incrementally accumulated local knowledge and accommodated local beliefs about history and have, both consciously and unconsciously, woven local ontologies into their historical interpretations. These new interpretative tapestries privilege a flo…
Will Historical Archaeology Escape Its Western Prejudices to Become Relevant to Africa
Preface to special series
Preface to second installment, special series on African community archaeology and heritage study
Peter Ucko Memorial Lecture, Decolonizing Archaeological Practice
Contests between heritage and history in Tanganyika/Tanzania
Ongoing collaborative heritage research in northwestern Tanzania engages partners from diverse backgrounds, from craftsmen and common folk to a sitting king and his royal clan. Such diversity has revealed intangible heritage in two adjacent kingdoms. In Kihanja Kingdom, the physical structures of Kanazi Palace appear to dominate the heritage landscape, yet, ethnographic and archaeological collaborations revealed that Kihanja kings engaged in heri…
Community Archaeology and Heritage in Africa
An Africa-Informed View of Postcolonial Archaeologies
Making Alternative Histories
Re-Representing African Pasts through Historical Archaeology
Historical archaeology in Africa has long privileged issues framed in terms of European sources and the impact of imperialism and colonialism on African peoples. With its emphasis on modernity, historical archaeology of this persuasion overlooks historical archaeologies concerned with revising metanarratives that misrepresent African pasts. We argue that historical archaeologists need to listen to local histories, often held in oral form, and tha…
Plundering Africa's Past
Historical Archaeology
Innovation and industry during the Early Iron Age in East Africa
Rediscovering Community Archaeology in Africa and Reframing its Practice
Community archaeology and heritage work have a long history in Africa, a history embedded in the practice of ethnoarchaeology, studies of indigenous knowledge systems, and the collaborative study of oral traditions and other intangible heritage. This paper reviews some of the intellectual legacies that foreground community approaches today in Africa. Whilst top-down approaches have tended to characterize many projects in recent history, the requi…
The Culture and Technology of African Iron Production
The Culture and Technology of African Iron Production, Peter R. Schmidt. ed. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1996.338 pp
Tropes, Materiality, and Ritual Embodiment of African Iron Smelting Furnaces as Human Figures
Social memory and trauma in northwestern Tanzania
This essay assesses current oral social memory near the best documented ancient sacred site in Africa, the 'Olduvai Gorge of the Iron Age' (as locals now call it), located just west of Lake Victoria. Marked by Kaiija tree, this site is known for its antiquity and the rich panoply of myth and history attached to it. However, the deaths of older care-takers and tradition-keepers caused by HIV/AIDS and the destruction of once sacred shrines have per…
Plundering Africa's Past
This text examines why the African past, namely its art and antiquities, is disappearing at a rate perhaps unmatched in any other part of the world. Each essay looks at the international network of looting and trafficking, and the conclusion discusses specific steps that could halt the disappearance of Africa'a cultural heritage. The text presents an indictment of African contributions to the problem, and the contributors include African governme…
Archaeological Views on a History of Landscape Change in East Africa
Since 1969 archaeological, paleobotanical and ethnographic research in Kagera region, north-western Tanzania (Map 1), have contributed to a deep-time understanding of the ecological history of that region. The primary insight that develops out of this interdisciplinary research is that changes in the ecology of the region can be linked directly to the productive economy and the cultural values of its inhabitants. The development of iron technolog…
Urban precursors in the Horn
Eritrea fought a war of liberation for three decades between the early 1960s and 1991. While professional research stagnated because of the war, amateur archaeologists provided the sole source of information for ancient material culture in the country during this era. With the coming of independence in 1993, awareness of the potential value of Eritrea's heritage resources began to grow, leading to an initiative in 1997 to teach archaeology and he…
A New Look at Interpretations of the Early Iron Age in East Africa
Since the publication in English in 1965 of Jan Vansina's Oral Tradition , historians of Africa have been increasingly concerned with developing methods which confirm the historical value of oral traditions. Independent proof for the historicity of oral traditions is often lacking; consequently the historian is usually left with comparative analysis as his primary analytical method. Archeologists such as Merrick Posnansky, Frank Willett, and John…
Contests between heritage and history in Tanganyika/Tanzania
Ongoing collaborative heritage research in northwestern Tanzania engages partners from diverse backgrounds, from craftsmen and common folk to a sitting king and his royal clan. Such diversity has revealed intangible heritage in two adjacent kingdoms. In Kihanja Kingdom, the physical structures of Kanazi Palace appear to dominate the heritage landscape, yet, ethnographic and archaeological collaborations revealed that Kihanja kings engaged in heri…
Hardcore Ethnography
Heritage preservation and development initiatives by Haya villagers in NW Tanzania have led to a collaboration that has produced important insights into change in heritage meanings over the last several decades. The impact of the HIV/AIDS pandemic has been profound, nearly eliminating an older generation of male keepers of oral traditions—one of two heritage domains valorized by the Haya today. Male keepers of oral testimonies have been replaced …
Will Historical Archaeology Escape Its Western Prejudices to Become Relevant to Africa
An Alternative to a Strictly Materialist Perspective
Over the last three decades archaeologists of Africa have developed distinctive perspectives in their use of oral traditions in historical archaeology and ethnoarchaeology. Many of these innovations reflect the cultural attitudes of Africans about their own history and have lead to an archaeology that is increasingly sensitive to questions of an African historical identity free from the Western structure of thought. The African archaeological tra…
PostColonial silencing, intellectuals, and the state
In the immediate post-liberation period, Eritrean intellectuals, with the concurrence of the state, showed deep interest in developing archaeological studies and an enhanced capacity to manage heritage resources. Through a focus on the National Museum, this article investigates the ensuing struggles for the control of history and heritage in Eritrea. Originally an initiative of ex-fighters who rendered liberation history in artistic form, the Nat…
More Evidence for an Advanced Prehistoric Iron Technology in Africa
Ethnographic and technological observations of iron smelting among the Raya people of NW Tanzania during 1976 and 1979 have contributed important new evidence for a technologically advanced culture in East-Central Africa. The ethnoarchaeology of Haya iron working shows that the Raya practiced an iron-smelting technology that employed preheating of the air blast—a highly efficient technique—and formed a massive steel altogether different from that…
Variability in Eritrea and the Archaeology of the Northern Horn During the First Millennium BC
Historical Archaeology in East Africa
This forum article explores the major intellectual trajectories in the historical archaeology of Eastern Africa over the last sixty years. Two primary perspectives are identified in historical archaeology: one that emphasizes precolonial history and oral traditions with associated archaeology, and another that focuses mostly on the era of European contact with Africa. The latter is followed by most North American practice, to the point of excludi…
Postcolonial Archaeologies in Africa
Silences and Mentions in History Making
Teaching revolutionary archaeology
Iron Technology in East Africa. Symbolism, Science and Archaeology
The Historical Study of African Religions
A New Look at Interpretations of the Early Iron Age in East Africa
Since the publication in English in 1965 of Jan Vansina's Oral Tradition , historians of Africa have been increasingly concerned with developing methods which confirm the historical value of oral traditions. Independent proof for the historicity of oral traditions is often lacking; consequently the historian is usually left with comparative analysis as his primary analytical method. Archeologists such as Merrick Posnansky, Frank Willett, and John…
Rekursive oder nicht-rekursive Modelle? / Testing for non-recursiveness in causal modelling
The paper discusses a stubborn problem of theory construction: deciding between recursive and non- recursive variants of a causal model by testing them against empirical data. After pointing out the consequences of a correlation between an exogeneous variable and the error term of an endogeneous variable as well as certain aspects of the identification problem we show for the asymptotic case (n → ∞) that a test is possible if the correlation betw…
Historical Archaelogy
Historical Archaeology
An Alternative to a Strictly Materialist Perspective
Over the last three decades archaeologists of Africa have developed distinctive perspectives in their use of oral traditions in historical archaeology and ethnoarchaeology. Many of these innovations reflect the cultural attitudes of Africans about their own history and have lead to an archaeology that is increasingly sensitive to questions of an African historical identity free from the Western structure of thought. The African archaeological tra…
More Evidence for an Advanced Prehistoric Iron Technology in Africa
Ethnographic and technological observations of iron smelting among the Raya people of NW Tanzania during 1976 and 1979 have contributed important new evidence for a technologically advanced culture in East-Central Africa. The ethnoarchaeology of Haya iron working shows that the Raya practiced an iron-smelting technology that employed preheating of the air blast—a highly efficient technique—and formed a massive steel altogether different from that…
Innovation and industry during the Early Iron Age in East Africa
Military Detente In Central Europe
This article analyzes the views of the West German security policy elite on the MBFR (mutual balanced force reduction) talks in Vienna; it is based on the results of the SIPLA survey of 1980/81. The survey asked how the elite members' attitudes toward the talks in Vienna are influenced by their suppositions about the goal of the talks (overcoming vs. stabilizing deterrence), their view of arms control (technical vs. political), their preference f…
News and Short Contributions
J. E. Rehder, D. H. Avery, Peter R. Schmidt, Ivan Brissaud, Alain Houdayer, Judith Lancaster, A. B. W., News and Short Contributions, Journal of Field Archaeology, Vol. 13, No. 3 (Autumn, 1986), pp. 351-364
The agricultural hinterland and settlement trends in Tanzania
Bref article presentant les traditions ceramiques et les principales caracteristiques de l'habitat des communautees agricoles du Ier millenaire apr. J.-C. a l'interieur des terres de Tanzanie
Plundering Africa's Past
Comprehensive review of the plundering of African archaeological and historical heritage
Ideology and the Archaeological Record in Africa
The Culture and Technology of African Iron Production
Archaeological Views on a History of Landscape Change in East Africa
Since 1969 archaeological, paleobotanical and ethnographic research in Kagera region, north-western Tanzania (Map 1), have contributed to a deep-time understanding of the ecological history of that region. The primary insight that develops out of this interdisciplinary research is that changes in the ecology of the region can be linked directly to the productive economy and the cultural values of its inhabitants. The development of iron technolog…
The Culture and Technology of African Iron Production
Examining myth, ritual, history and science, this work describes the systems of smithing and iron smelting, that existed in Africa 2000-2500 years ago. It demonstrates that iron production is a socially constructed activity and its cultural and technological domains cannot be understood alone
The Culture and Technology of African Iron Production
Plundering Africa's Past
The Culture and Technology of African Iron Production
The Culture and Technology of African Iron Production, Peter R. Schmidt. ed. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1996.338 pp
Plundering Africa's Past
This text examines why the African past, namely its art and antiquities, is disappearing at a rate perhaps unmatched in any other part of the world. Each essay looks at the international network of looting and trafficking, and the conclusion discusses specific steps that could halt the disappearance of Africa'a cultural heritage. The text presents an indictment of African contributions to the problem, and the contributors include African governme…
Iron Technology in East Africa
Plundering Africa's past
Iron Technology in East Africa. Symbolism, Science and Archaeology
Making Alternative Histories
After working in Third World contexts for more than a century, many archaeologists from the West have yet to hear and understand the voices of their colleagues in non-Western cultural settings. In Making Alternative Histories, eleven scholars from Africa, India, Latin America, North America, and Europe debate and discuss how to respond to the erasures of local histories by colonialism, neocolonial influences, and the practice of archaeology and h…
Iron Technology in East Africa
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