Jeremy P Loenneke
Biographic Data
| ID | 98757 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Jeremy P Loenneke |
| GIVEN NAMES | Jeremy P |
| FAMILY NAME | Loenneke |
| SIGNATURE | LOENNEKE J P |
| AFFILIATIONS | Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, Kevser Ermin Applied Physiology Laboratory The University of Mississippi Oxford Mississippi USA |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5409-9075 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 20 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 20 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2016 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Comparison of Sport Type on the Handgrip Strength Change in Young Athletes
OBJECTIVE: Whether or not an athlete plays with sports equipment in their hands may influence handgrip strength (HGS) changes during development, but longitudinal studies have not confirmed this. This study compared one-year HGS changes between two sports types (soccer vs. kendo) in children and adolescent athletes. METHODS: One hundred sixty-eight young athletes (86 kendo boys and 82 soccer boys) had two HGS measurements separated by 1 year. A 2…
A 2‐Year Follow‐Up Study of Changes in Handgrip Strength in Young Athletes Playing With and Without Gripping Sports Equipment
Objectives This study compared changes in handgrip strength (HGS) over 2 years in young athletes participating in two sports: kendo, which involves gripping equipment during play, and soccer, which does not. Methods One hundred eleven young athletes (54 kendo boys [mean age at baseline: 10.1 ± 1.7 years] and 57 soccer boys [mean age at baseline: 10.3 ± 1.8 years]) underwent three HGS measurements, spaced 1 year apart (Test 1, Test 2, and Test 3).…
Handgrip strength of young athletes differs based on the type of sport played and age
OBJECTIVE: Handgrip strength may differ depending on the type of sport played during the developmental period. Youth sports in which athletes hold equipment in their hands may be the most effective for improving handgrip strength. This study aimed to examine the age at which differences in handgrip strength appear by comparing sports that involve gripping (kendo) with those that do not involve gripping (soccer) in young athletes. METHODS: Two hun…
Skeletal muscle mass in competitive physique‐based athletes (bodybuilding, 212 bodybuilding, bikini, and physique divisions): A case series
Objectives (1) To examine the muscle thickness of various muscle groups of the body to estimate the absolute and relative skeletal muscle mass (SM) in competitive physique‐based athletes (Bodybuilding, 212 Bodybuilding, Bikini, and Physique divisions) and (2) to compare values across various divisions of competition and to resistance trained and non‐resistance trained individuals. Methods Eight competitive physique‐based athletes (2 M and 6 F), t…
Tracking handgrip strength in Kendo athletes from university to middle and older adulthood
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the current handgrip strength (HGS) of Kendo athletes with their HGS when they were in university (up to 50 years). METHODS: Eighty male graduates who were Kendo club members during their university days performed anthropometric and HGS measurements, and these HGS were compared with those measured during their university days (mean age of 19.5 years old). RESULTS: There was no evidence of a statistical diffe…
Sex Differences in Strength During Development: Implications for Inclusivity and Fairness in Sport
OBJECTIVES: Males, on average, are bigger and stronger than females. Hormonal differences during puberty are one reason given for this performance advantage. However, not all evidence supports that thesis. Our aim was to further this discussion by measuring early life changes between sexes (when hormones would be similar) in components of muscle function. METHODS: Fifty-one children (29 boys, 22 girls) completed this study. Forearm muscle size an…
Association of changes in grip strength with second digit length adjusted for fourth digit length in young children
OBJECTIVES: The factors involved in changes in grip strength (GS) during growth/development are not well known. Findings from cross-sectional studies have indicated that digit lengths are associated with physical fitness, including GS. This study aimed to investigate the association of changes in GS over 1 year and the second (2D) and fourth (4D) digit lengths in young children using the 4D as a covariate. METHODS: One hundred and three young chi…
Athletes in sporting events with upper‐body gripping movements have greater handgrip strength than those in sporting events that prioritize the lower body
OBJECTIVE: Evidence suggests that acquiring a high level of handgrip strength early in life and maintaining that strength throughout life may be important for health. In addition, it is thought that sports activities performed during the developmental period are effective in improving handgrip strength, but it is unknown what types of sports are more effective. As a first step, we conducted a cross-sectional study to compare handgrip strength acr…
Sex segregation in strength sports: Do equal‐sized muscles express the same levels of strength between sexes
OBJECTIVES: Concerns have been raised against the current two-sex binary category in sports competitions. The thesis states that if males and females were separated based on muscle size, it would negate the strength advantage between the sexes. We tested the possible sex differences in various strength outcomes when pair-matched for muscle thickness. METHODS: A total of 16 different data sets (n = 963) were assessed to pair-match females with mal…
A longitudinal study of handgrip strength asymmetry
OBJECTIVE: The previous results from cross-sectional studies indicate that there could be alterations across time in handgrip strength (HGS) asymmetry. One way to investigate this is to test the same children multiple times. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the laterality of HGS in healthy young children at two different time points separated by a year. METHODS: A total of 165 preschool children (79 males and 87 females) between the ages of 4.5 an…
Comparison of handgrip strength values in young children when using two different types of dynamometers
OBJECTIVE: A Smedley hand dynamometer is one of the standard devices for measuring handgrip strength (HGS) for children and adults. The aim was to compare the HGS values using two different types of dynamometers (Grip-A or Grip-D) in young children. To enable comparison between the two devices, we have redesigned the Grip-D (i.e., modified Grip-D). METHODS: Twenty-five preschool children (10 girls and 15 boys) performed maximal voluntary HGS in t…
Skeletal muscle size distribution in large‐sized male and female athletes
OBJECTIVE: In healthy adults, it is generally accepted that women have less upper body muscle mass compared to men. However, it is unknown whether there are sex differences in skeletal muscle distribution in highly trained large-sized athletes. Our aim was to compare the skeletal muscle size distribution between large-sized male and female athletes. METHODS: Ten female athletes (>80 kg body mass) and twenty-one male athletes (>100 kg body mass) h…
The Minimum Effective Training Dose Required for 1RM Strength in Powerlifters
The aim of this multi-experiment paper was to explore the concept of the minimum effective training dose (METD) required to increase 1-repetition-maximum (1RM) strength in powerlifting (PL) athletes. The METD refers to the least amount of training required to elicit meaningful increases in 1RM strength. A series of five studies utilising mixed methods, were conducted using PL athletes & coaches of all levels in an attempt to better understand the…
Why is low body fat rarely seen in large‐sized male athletes
Skeletal muscle mass in female athletes: The average and the extremes
Objectives To examine the absolute and relative skeletal muscle mass (SM) in female athletes and to discuss the potential upper limit of whole‐body muscle mass between large sized female and male athletes. Methods Forty‐five female athletes and forty‐five recreationally active females (control) had muscle thickness measured by ultrasound at nine sites on the anterior and posterior aspects of the body. SM was estimated from an ultrasound‐derived p…
Influence of sex and resistance training status on orofacial muscle strength and morphology in healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 40: A cross‐sectional study
OBJECTIVE: To compare the orofacial muscle strength and facial muscle thickness between resistance-trained and non-resistance trained men and women. METHODS: Resistance-trained (25 men and 22 women) and non-resistance trained (21 men and 30 women) adults (18-40 years) had standard measurements of orofacial muscle strength (ie, anterior tongue elevation, cheek compression, and lip compression) and ultrasound measurements of facial muscle thickness…
The Measurement of Strength in Children: Is the Peak Value Truly Maximal
It is unclear whether the measurement of maximum muscle strength in younger children can be performed accurately due to factors such as motivation and maturity (i.e., the ability to receive instruction). If there is a large change in a ratio between muscular strength and size from the youngest to the oldest, then this might provide some indication that the youngest may not have been able to voluntarily activate their muscles for reasons mentioned…
Skeletal muscle mass in human athletes: What is the upper limit
Objectives To examine the amount of absolute and relative skeletal muscle mass (SM) in large sized athletes to investigate the potential upper limit of whole body muscle mass accumulation in the human body. Methods Ninety‐five large‐sized male athletes and 48 recreationally active males (control) had muscle thickness measured by ultrasound at nine sites on the anterior and posterior aspects of the body. SM was estimated from an ultrasound‐derived…
Sex and Race-Ethnicity Secular Trends in Mean and Elevated Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Among Adults in the United States, 1999-2012
Mean and elevated RDW has progressively increased from 1999-2012 among adults in the United States, with increases observed among non-Hispanic Whites, Blacks, and Mexican Americans. Future research is needed to describe the determinants and implications of this RDW rise, as well as explanations for why a greater RDW change has occurred among women
Mortality risk and perceived quality of life as a function of waking time in discretionary movement-based behaviors: Isotemporal substitution effects
The Minimum Effective Training Dose Required for 1RM Strength in Powerlifters
The aim of this multi-experiment paper was to explore the concept of the minimum effective training dose (METD) required to increase 1-repetition-maximum (1RM) strength in powerlifting (PL) athletes. The METD refers to the least amount of training required to elicit meaningful increases in 1RM strength. A series of five studies utilising mixed methods, were conducted using PL athletes & coaches of all levels in an attempt to better understand the…
Sex and Race-Ethnicity Secular Trends in Mean and Elevated Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Among Adults in the United States, 1999-2012
Mean and elevated RDW has progressively increased from 1999-2012 among adults in the United States, with increases observed among non-Hispanic Whites, Blacks, and Mexican Americans. Future research is needed to describe the determinants and implications of this RDW rise, as well as explanations for why a greater RDW change has occurred among women
Mortality risk and perceived quality of life as a function of waking time in discretionary movement-based behaviors: Isotemporal substitution effects
Skeletal muscle mass in human athletes: What is the upper limit
Objectives To examine the amount of absolute and relative skeletal muscle mass (SM) in large sized athletes to investigate the potential upper limit of whole body muscle mass accumulation in the human body. Methods Ninety‐five large‐sized male athletes and 48 recreationally active males (control) had muscle thickness measured by ultrasound at nine sites on the anterior and posterior aspects of the body. SM was estimated from an ultrasound‐derived…
Why is low body fat rarely seen in large‐sized male athletes
Skeletal muscle mass in female athletes: The average and the extremes
Objectives To examine the absolute and relative skeletal muscle mass (SM) in female athletes and to discuss the potential upper limit of whole‐body muscle mass between large sized female and male athletes. Methods Forty‐five female athletes and forty‐five recreationally active females (control) had muscle thickness measured by ultrasound at nine sites on the anterior and posterior aspects of the body. SM was estimated from an ultrasound‐derived p…
Influence of sex and resistance training status on orofacial muscle strength and morphology in healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 40: A cross‐sectional study
OBJECTIVE: To compare the orofacial muscle strength and facial muscle thickness between resistance-trained and non-resistance trained men and women. METHODS: Resistance-trained (25 men and 22 women) and non-resistance trained (21 men and 30 women) adults (18-40 years) had standard measurements of orofacial muscle strength (ie, anterior tongue elevation, cheek compression, and lip compression) and ultrasound measurements of facial muscle thickness…
The Measurement of Strength in Children: Is the Peak Value Truly Maximal
It is unclear whether the measurement of maximum muscle strength in younger children can be performed accurately due to factors such as motivation and maturity (i.e., the ability to receive instruction). If there is a large change in a ratio between muscular strength and size from the youngest to the oldest, then this might provide some indication that the youngest may not have been able to voluntarily activate their muscles for reasons mentioned…
Skeletal muscle size distribution in large‐sized male and female athletes
OBJECTIVE: In healthy adults, it is generally accepted that women have less upper body muscle mass compared to men. However, it is unknown whether there are sex differences in skeletal muscle distribution in highly trained large-sized athletes. Our aim was to compare the skeletal muscle size distribution between large-sized male and female athletes. METHODS: Ten female athletes (>80 kg body mass) and twenty-one male athletes (>100 kg body mass) h…
The Minimum Effective Training Dose Required for 1RM Strength in Powerlifters
The aim of this multi-experiment paper was to explore the concept of the minimum effective training dose (METD) required to increase 1-repetition-maximum (1RM) strength in powerlifting (PL) athletes. The METD refers to the least amount of training required to elicit meaningful increases in 1RM strength. A series of five studies utilising mixed methods, were conducted using PL athletes & coaches of all levels in an attempt to better understand the…
A longitudinal study of handgrip strength asymmetry
OBJECTIVE: The previous results from cross-sectional studies indicate that there could be alterations across time in handgrip strength (HGS) asymmetry. One way to investigate this is to test the same children multiple times. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the laterality of HGS in healthy young children at two different time points separated by a year. METHODS: A total of 165 preschool children (79 males and 87 females) between the ages of 4.5 an…
Comparison of handgrip strength values in young children when using two different types of dynamometers
OBJECTIVE: A Smedley hand dynamometer is one of the standard devices for measuring handgrip strength (HGS) for children and adults. The aim was to compare the HGS values using two different types of dynamometers (Grip-A or Grip-D) in young children. To enable comparison between the two devices, we have redesigned the Grip-D (i.e., modified Grip-D). METHODS: Twenty-five preschool children (10 girls and 15 boys) performed maximal voluntary HGS in t…
Association of changes in grip strength with second digit length adjusted for fourth digit length in young children
OBJECTIVES: The factors involved in changes in grip strength (GS) during growth/development are not well known. Findings from cross-sectional studies have indicated that digit lengths are associated with physical fitness, including GS. This study aimed to investigate the association of changes in GS over 1 year and the second (2D) and fourth (4D) digit lengths in young children using the 4D as a covariate. METHODS: One hundred and three young chi…
Athletes in sporting events with upper‐body gripping movements have greater handgrip strength than those in sporting events that prioritize the lower body
OBJECTIVE: Evidence suggests that acquiring a high level of handgrip strength early in life and maintaining that strength throughout life may be important for health. In addition, it is thought that sports activities performed during the developmental period are effective in improving handgrip strength, but it is unknown what types of sports are more effective. As a first step, we conducted a cross-sectional study to compare handgrip strength acr…
Sex segregation in strength sports: Do equal‐sized muscles express the same levels of strength between sexes
OBJECTIVES: Concerns have been raised against the current two-sex binary category in sports competitions. The thesis states that if males and females were separated based on muscle size, it would negate the strength advantage between the sexes. We tested the possible sex differences in various strength outcomes when pair-matched for muscle thickness. METHODS: A total of 16 different data sets (n = 963) were assessed to pair-match females with mal…
Handgrip strength of young athletes differs based on the type of sport played and age
OBJECTIVE: Handgrip strength may differ depending on the type of sport played during the developmental period. Youth sports in which athletes hold equipment in their hands may be the most effective for improving handgrip strength. This study aimed to examine the age at which differences in handgrip strength appear by comparing sports that involve gripping (kendo) with those that do not involve gripping (soccer) in young athletes. METHODS: Two hun…
Skeletal muscle mass in competitive physique‐based athletes (bodybuilding, 212 bodybuilding, bikini, and physique divisions): A case series
Objectives (1) To examine the muscle thickness of various muscle groups of the body to estimate the absolute and relative skeletal muscle mass (SM) in competitive physique‐based athletes (Bodybuilding, 212 Bodybuilding, Bikini, and Physique divisions) and (2) to compare values across various divisions of competition and to resistance trained and non‐resistance trained individuals. Methods Eight competitive physique‐based athletes (2 M and 6 F), t…
Tracking handgrip strength in Kendo athletes from university to middle and older adulthood
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the current handgrip strength (HGS) of Kendo athletes with their HGS when they were in university (up to 50 years). METHODS: Eighty male graduates who were Kendo club members during their university days performed anthropometric and HGS measurements, and these HGS were compared with those measured during their university days (mean age of 19.5 years old). RESULTS: There was no evidence of a statistical diffe…
Sex Differences in Strength During Development: Implications for Inclusivity and Fairness in Sport
OBJECTIVES: Males, on average, are bigger and stronger than females. Hormonal differences during puberty are one reason given for this performance advantage. However, not all evidence supports that thesis. Our aim was to further this discussion by measuring early life changes between sexes (when hormones would be similar) in components of muscle function. METHODS: Fifty-one children (29 boys, 22 girls) completed this study. Forearm muscle size an…
Comparison of Sport Type on the Handgrip Strength Change in Young Athletes
OBJECTIVE: Whether or not an athlete plays with sports equipment in their hands may influence handgrip strength (HGS) changes during development, but longitudinal studies have not confirmed this. This study compared one-year HGS changes between two sports types (soccer vs. kendo) in children and adolescent athletes. METHODS: One hundred sixty-eight young athletes (86 kendo boys and 82 soccer boys) had two HGS measurements separated by 1 year. A 2…
A 2‐Year Follow‐Up Study of Changes in Handgrip Strength in Young Athletes Playing With and Without Gripping Sports Equipment
Objectives This study compared changes in handgrip strength (HGS) over 2 years in young athletes participating in two sports: kendo, which involves gripping equipment during play, and soccer, which does not. Methods One hundred eleven young athletes (54 kendo boys [mean age at baseline: 10.1 ± 1.7 years] and 57 soccer boys [mean age at baseline: 10.3 ± 1.8 years]) underwent three HGS measurements, spaced 1 year apart (Test 1, Test 2, and Test 3).…
Medicine (19 works) · Physical therapy (15 works) · Body Composition Measurement Techniques (11 works) · Internal Medicine (11 works) · Athletes (10 works) · Psychology (9 works) · Nutrition and Health in Aging (8 works) · Sports injuries and prevention (8 works) · Sports Performance and Training (7 works) · Biology (6 works)