Judith B Borja
Biographic Data
| ID | 99008 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Judith B Borja |
| GIVEN NAMES | Judith B |
| FAMILY NAME | Borja |
| SIGNATURE | BORJA J B |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of San Carlos |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 23 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 61 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 23 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2003 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
The influence of natural disasters on violence, mental health, food insecurity, and stunting in the Philippines: Findings from a nationally representative cohort
The Philippines Project, The Australian National University
Stunting, IQ, and final school attainment in the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey birth cohort
School attainment is an important aspect of human capital, and a key determinant of long-term health and well-being. Early life deprivation and poor nutritional status are well known predictors of school entry and progression. We examine the persistence of early life influences and subsequent socioeconomic disadvantage (SED) across the multiple school continuation decisions that lead to final school attainment. Using data from a Philippine birth …
Maternal birth weight is associated with milk epidermal growth factor in Filipino women
OBJECTIVES: Lactational programming, through which milk-borne bioactives influence both neonatal and long-term biological development, is well established. However, almost no research has investigated how developmental stimuli during a mother's early life may influence her milk bioactives in adulthood. Here, we investigated the association between maternal birth weight and milk epidermal growth factor (EGF) and epidermal growth factor receptor (E…
C-reactive protein response to influenza vaccination predicts cardiovascular disease risk in the Philippines
Inflammation is associated with increased risk for chronic degenerative diseases, as well as age-related functional declines across many systems and tissues. Current understandings of inflammation, aging, and human health are based on studies conducted almost exclusively in high-income nations that rely primarily on baseline measures of chronic inflammation. This analysis investigates the inflammatory response to vaccination as a predictor of car…
Regulation of inflammation during gestation and birth outcomes: Inflammatory cytokine balance predicts birth weight and length
OBJECTIVES: The maternal environment during gestation influences offspring health at birth and throughout the life course. Recent research has demonstrated that endogenous immune processes such as dysregulated inflammation adversely impact birth outcomes, increasing the risk for preterm birth and restricted fetal growth. Prior analyses examining this association suggest a relationship between maternal C-reactive protein (CRP), a summary measure o…
Ankle brachial index (ABI) in a cohort of older women in the Philippines: Prevalence of peripheral artery disease and predictors of ABI
The prevalence of PAD is low in Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey participants, and ABI was related to few CVD risk factors. Past reports of lower PAD risk in relation to BMI may reflect confounding by lean mass, which has protective relationships with ABI
Time-use Profiles, Chronic Role Overload, and Women's Body Weight Trajectories from Middle to Later Life in the Philippines
Although chronic life strain is often found to be associated with adverse health outcomes, empirical research is lacking on the health implications of persistent role overload that many women around the world are subject to, the so-called double burden of work and family responsibilities. Using data from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (1994-2012), we examined the linkage between time-use profiles and body mass index (BMI) traje…
The Roles of Parents in Shaping Fathering Across Generations in Cebu, Philippines
Objective: This study examined how parental caregiving and parent-child closeness are associated with future fathering among 335 Filipino men who are participants in a long-running birth cohort study.Background Few studies have multidecade longitudinal data to test the pathways through which parenting is transmitted across generations, with most relevant research conducted in the United States, Europe, and other similar settings. The roles of mot…
Menarcheal timing is accelerated by favorable nutrition but unrelated to developmental cues of mortality or familial instability in Cebu, Philippines
Double burden for women in mid- and later life: Evidence from time-use profiles in Cebu, the Philippines
Using data from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (1994, 1998, 2002, 2005, 2007, 2012), we utilise latent class analysis to develop time-use class membership to characterise the degree to which women in Cebu are subject to the double burden of work and family responsibilities in mid- and later life. Results suggest that close to a third of the sample are engaged in high-intensity work for pay (either outside or home-based), while …
Is early postnatal growth velocity, a proxy of minipubertal androgen action, related to adult second‐to‐fourth digit (2D: (4D) ratios in men? A test in Cebu, Philippines
OBJECTIVES: The ratio of the length of the second to the fourth digit (2D:4D) of the hand is often used as an index of prenatal androgen exposure but it might also be affected by androgens during "minipuberty," a period of temporarily high testosterone (T) production in the first few months of life. To examine this, we tested the prediction that men with lower 2D:4D ratios had greater weight growth velocities during the first months of life-a met…
Early life infection, but not breastfeeding, predicts adult blood telomere lengths in the P hilippines
OBJECTIVES: Telomeres are repetitive DNA at chromosomes ends that shorten with age due to cellular replication and oxidative stress. As telomeres shorten, this can eventually place limits on cell replication and contribute to senescence. Infections are common during early development and activate cellular immune responses that involve clonal expansion and oxidative stress. As such, a high infectious disease burden might shorten blood telomere len…
Early life height and weight production functions with endogenous energy and protein inputs
We examine effects of protein and energy intakes on height and weight growth for children between 6 and 24 months old in Guatemala and the Philippines. Using instrumental variables to control for endogeneity and estimating multiple specifications, we find that protein intake plays an important and positive role in height and weight growth in the 6-24 month period. Energy from other macronutrients, however, does not have a robust relation with the…
Lower hemoglobin levels in first time mothers from Cebu, Philippines
OBJECTIVES: The association between parity and hemoglobin status in mothers is unclear. Closely spaced pregnancies may predict decreased hemoglobin in women, as these shorter intervals may limit the time available for iron repletion, or maternal age may be associated with general declines in hemoglobin. This study investigated the association between parity and hemoglobin status in a 1-year birth cohort of mothers from Cebu, Philippines, with var…
C‐reactive protein by pregnancy and lactational status among Filipino young adult women
OBJECTIVES: Pregnancy and lactation involve adaptations in immune regulation, but little is known about cross-cultural variation in inflammatory changes during pregnancy or lactation. Here we report concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) in a large cross-sectional sample of healthy Filipino women who vary in parity, gestational, and lactational status, and who come from a population previously described as having low CRP. METHODS: Fasting pla…
Microbial exposures in infancy predict levels of the immunoregulatory cytokine interleukin‐4 in filipino young adults
OBJECTIVES: Infancy represents a window of development during which long-term immunological functioning can be influenced. In this study, we evaluate proxies of microbial exposures in infancy as predictors of interleukin-4 (IL-4) in young adulthood. IL-4 is an immunoregulatory cytokine that plays a role in the pathogenesis of atopic and allergic diseases. METHODS: Data were obtained from 1,403 participants in the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutr…
Cohort Profile: The Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey
The Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (CLHNS) was originally conceptualized as an interdisciplinary study of infant-feeding patterns, particularly the overall sequencing of feeding events (milks and complementary foods), the factors affecting feeding decisions and how feeding patterns affect the infant, mother and household. The idea was to study these topics within as natural a setting as possible and to analyse how infant-feeding de…
Exhaustive measurement of food items in the home using a universal product code scanner
Objective We aimed to develop, test and describe the Exhaustive Home Food Inventory (EHFI), which measures foods in the home using scanning of the universal product code (UPC) and EHFI software to link codes to food identities and energy values. Design Observational design with up to three repeated measures in each household yielded a total of 218 inventories. Setting Eighty private households in North Carolina. Subjects Low-income African-Americ…
Comparative insights into the regulation of inflammation: Levels and predictors of interleukin 6 and interleukin 10 in young adults in the Philippines
Inflammation is a central part of innate immunity, but its role in anti‐pathogen defenses has been overshadowed by recent interest in the contribution of inflammation to a wide range of chronic degenerative diseases. Current research on chronic inflammation is conducted primarily in affluent populations with low levels of infectious disease; comparative research in different ecological settings is needed to advance understandings of the causes an…
Development and validation of the Infant Feeding Style Questionnaire
Assessment of infant feeding styles among low-income African-American mothers: Comparing reported and observed behaviors
Family Background, Service Providers, and Early Childhood Development in the Philippines: Proxies and Interactions
We examine the importance of family background for early childhood development (ECD) using data collected in 2001 from 3,556 children ages 0–36 months in three regions of the Philippines. We focus on four main research questions: (1) Are associations of family background with ECD in part proxying for health and ECD‐related programs? (2) Are associations of family background with ECD biased due to omission of unobserved community characteristics t…
Assessing the net effect of young maternal age on birthweight
Pregnancy during adolescence presents an increased risk for low birthweight, which is attributed not only to physiologic immaturity but also to socioeconomic and behavioral risk factors associated with adolescence. The independent effect of maternal age on birthweight is difficult to ascertain because age is closely entangled with these risks. We first examined the effect of being an adolescent mother on these risk pathways and then estimated the…
Development and validation of the Infant Feeding Style Questionnaire
Assessment of infant feeding styles among low-income African-American mothers: Comparing reported and observed behaviors
Comparative insights into the regulation of inflammation: Levels and predictors of interleukin 6 and interleukin 10 in young adults in the Philippines
Inflammation is a central part of innate immunity, but its role in anti‐pathogen defenses has been overshadowed by recent interest in the contribution of inflammation to a wide range of chronic degenerative diseases. Current research on chronic inflammation is conducted primarily in affluent populations with low levels of infectious disease; comparative research in different ecological settings is needed to advance understandings of the causes an…
Family Background, Service Providers, and Early Childhood Development in the Philippines: Proxies and Interactions
We examine the importance of family background for early childhood development (ECD) using data collected in 2001 from 3,556 children ages 0–36 months in three regions of the Philippines. We focus on four main research questions: (1) Are associations of family background with ECD in part proxying for health and ECD‐related programs? (2) Are associations of family background with ECD biased due to omission of unobserved community characteristics t…
Time-use Profiles, Chronic Role Overload, and Women's Body Weight Trajectories from Middle to Later Life in the Philippines
Although chronic life strain is often found to be associated with adverse health outcomes, empirical research is lacking on the health implications of persistent role overload that many women around the world are subject to, the so-called double burden of work and family responsibilities. Using data from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (1994-2012), we examined the linkage between time-use profiles and body mass index (BMI) traje…
The Roles of Parents in Shaping Fathering Across Generations in Cebu, Philippines
Objective: This study examined how parental caregiving and parent-child closeness are associated with future fathering among 335 Filipino men who are participants in a long-running birth cohort study.Background Few studies have multidecade longitudinal data to test the pathways through which parenting is transmitted across generations, with most relevant research conducted in the United States, Europe, and other similar settings. The roles of mot…
Double burden for women in mid- and later life: Evidence from time-use profiles in Cebu, the Philippines
Using data from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (1994, 1998, 2002, 2005, 2007, 2012), we utilise latent class analysis to develop time-use class membership to characterise the degree to which women in Cebu are subject to the double burden of work and family responsibilities in mid- and later life. Results suggest that close to a third of the sample are engaged in high-intensity work for pay (either outside or home-based), while …
Assessing the net effect of young maternal age on birthweight
Pregnancy during adolescence presents an increased risk for low birthweight, which is attributed not only to physiologic immaturity but also to socioeconomic and behavioral risk factors associated with adolescence. The independent effect of maternal age on birthweight is difficult to ascertain because age is closely entangled with these risks. We first examined the effect of being an adolescent mother on these risk pathways and then estimated the…
Family Background, Service Providers, and Early Childhood Development in the Philippines: Proxies and Interactions
We examine the importance of family background for early childhood development (ECD) using data collected in 2001 from 3,556 children ages 0–36 months in three regions of the Philippines. We focus on four main research questions: (1) Are associations of family background with ECD in part proxying for health and ECD‐related programs? (2) Are associations of family background with ECD biased due to omission of unobserved community characteristics t…
Assessment of infant feeding styles among low-income African-American mothers: Comparing reported and observed behaviors
Development and validation of the Infant Feeding Style Questionnaire
Cohort Profile: The Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey
The Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (CLHNS) was originally conceptualized as an interdisciplinary study of infant-feeding patterns, particularly the overall sequencing of feeding events (milks and complementary foods), the factors affecting feeding decisions and how feeding patterns affect the infant, mother and household. The idea was to study these topics within as natural a setting as possible and to analyse how infant-feeding de…
Exhaustive measurement of food items in the home using a universal product code scanner
Objective We aimed to develop, test and describe the Exhaustive Home Food Inventory (EHFI), which measures foods in the home using scanning of the universal product code (UPC) and EHFI software to link codes to food identities and energy values. Design Observational design with up to three repeated measures in each household yielded a total of 218 inventories. Setting Eighty private households in North Carolina. Subjects Low-income African-Americ…
Comparative insights into the regulation of inflammation: Levels and predictors of interleukin 6 and interleukin 10 in young adults in the Philippines
Inflammation is a central part of innate immunity, but its role in anti‐pathogen defenses has been overshadowed by recent interest in the contribution of inflammation to a wide range of chronic degenerative diseases. Current research on chronic inflammation is conducted primarily in affluent populations with low levels of infectious disease; comparative research in different ecological settings is needed to advance understandings of the causes an…
Microbial exposures in infancy predict levels of the immunoregulatory cytokine interleukin‐4 in filipino young adults
OBJECTIVES: Infancy represents a window of development during which long-term immunological functioning can be influenced. In this study, we evaluate proxies of microbial exposures in infancy as predictors of interleukin-4 (IL-4) in young adulthood. IL-4 is an immunoregulatory cytokine that plays a role in the pathogenesis of atopic and allergic diseases. METHODS: Data were obtained from 1,403 participants in the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutr…
C‐reactive protein by pregnancy and lactational status among Filipino young adult women
OBJECTIVES: Pregnancy and lactation involve adaptations in immune regulation, but little is known about cross-cultural variation in inflammatory changes during pregnancy or lactation. Here we report concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) in a large cross-sectional sample of healthy Filipino women who vary in parity, gestational, and lactational status, and who come from a population previously described as having low CRP. METHODS: Fasting pla…
Lower hemoglobin levels in first time mothers from Cebu, Philippines
OBJECTIVES: The association between parity and hemoglobin status in mothers is unclear. Closely spaced pregnancies may predict decreased hemoglobin in women, as these shorter intervals may limit the time available for iron repletion, or maternal age may be associated with general declines in hemoglobin. This study investigated the association between parity and hemoglobin status in a 1-year birth cohort of mothers from Cebu, Philippines, with var…
Early life height and weight production functions with endogenous energy and protein inputs
We examine effects of protein and energy intakes on height and weight growth for children between 6 and 24 months old in Guatemala and the Philippines. Using instrumental variables to control for endogeneity and estimating multiple specifications, we find that protein intake plays an important and positive role in height and weight growth in the 6-24 month period. Energy from other macronutrients, however, does not have a robust relation with the…
Is early postnatal growth velocity, a proxy of minipubertal androgen action, related to adult second‐to‐fourth digit (2D: (4D) ratios in men? A test in Cebu, Philippines
OBJECTIVES: The ratio of the length of the second to the fourth digit (2D:4D) of the hand is often used as an index of prenatal androgen exposure but it might also be affected by androgens during "minipuberty," a period of temporarily high testosterone (T) production in the first few months of life. To examine this, we tested the prediction that men with lower 2D:4D ratios had greater weight growth velocities during the first months of life-a met…
Early life infection, but not breastfeeding, predicts adult blood telomere lengths in the P hilippines
OBJECTIVES: Telomeres are repetitive DNA at chromosomes ends that shorten with age due to cellular replication and oxidative stress. As telomeres shorten, this can eventually place limits on cell replication and contribute to senescence. Infections are common during early development and activate cellular immune responses that involve clonal expansion and oxidative stress. As such, a high infectious disease burden might shorten blood telomere len…
Menarcheal timing is accelerated by favorable nutrition but unrelated to developmental cues of mortality or familial instability in Cebu, Philippines
Double burden for women in mid- and later life: Evidence from time-use profiles in Cebu, the Philippines
Using data from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (1994, 1998, 2002, 2005, 2007, 2012), we utilise latent class analysis to develop time-use class membership to characterise the degree to which women in Cebu are subject to the double burden of work and family responsibilities in mid- and later life. Results suggest that close to a third of the sample are engaged in high-intensity work for pay (either outside or home-based), while …
Regulation of inflammation during gestation and birth outcomes: Inflammatory cytokine balance predicts birth weight and length
OBJECTIVES: The maternal environment during gestation influences offspring health at birth and throughout the life course. Recent research has demonstrated that endogenous immune processes such as dysregulated inflammation adversely impact birth outcomes, increasing the risk for preterm birth and restricted fetal growth. Prior analyses examining this association suggest a relationship between maternal C-reactive protein (CRP), a summary measure o…
Ankle brachial index (ABI) in a cohort of older women in the Philippines: Prevalence of peripheral artery disease and predictors of ABI
The prevalence of PAD is low in Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey participants, and ABI was related to few CVD risk factors. Past reports of lower PAD risk in relation to BMI may reflect confounding by lean mass, which has protective relationships with ABI
Time-use Profiles, Chronic Role Overload, and Women's Body Weight Trajectories from Middle to Later Life in the Philippines
Although chronic life strain is often found to be associated with adverse health outcomes, empirical research is lacking on the health implications of persistent role overload that many women around the world are subject to, the so-called double burden of work and family responsibilities. Using data from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (1994-2012), we examined the linkage between time-use profiles and body mass index (BMI) traje…
The Roles of Parents in Shaping Fathering Across Generations in Cebu, Philippines
Objective: This study examined how parental caregiving and parent-child closeness are associated with future fathering among 335 Filipino men who are participants in a long-running birth cohort study.Background Few studies have multidecade longitudinal data to test the pathways through which parenting is transmitted across generations, with most relevant research conducted in the United States, Europe, and other similar settings. The roles of mot…
Maternal birth weight is associated with milk epidermal growth factor in Filipino women
OBJECTIVES: Lactational programming, through which milk-borne bioactives influence both neonatal and long-term biological development, is well established. However, almost no research has investigated how developmental stimuli during a mother's early life may influence her milk bioactives in adulthood. Here, we investigated the association between maternal birth weight and milk epidermal growth factor (EGF) and epidermal growth factor receptor (E…
C-reactive protein response to influenza vaccination predicts cardiovascular disease risk in the Philippines
Inflammation is associated with increased risk for chronic degenerative diseases, as well as age-related functional declines across many systems and tissues. Current understandings of inflammation, aging, and human health are based on studies conducted almost exclusively in high-income nations that rely primarily on baseline measures of chronic inflammation. This analysis investigates the inflammatory response to vaccination as a predictor of car…
The influence of natural disasters on violence, mental health, food insecurity, and stunting in the Philippines: Findings from a nationally representative cohort
The Philippines Project, The Australian National University
Stunting, IQ, and final school attainment in the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey birth cohort
School attainment is an important aspect of human capital, and a key determinant of long-term health and well-being. Early life deprivation and poor nutritional status are well known predictors of school entry and progression. We examine the persistence of early life influences and subsequent socioeconomic disadvantage (SED) across the multiple school continuation decisions that lead to final school attainment. Using data from a Philippine birth …
Medicine (20 works) · Demography (13 works) · Internal Medicine (10 works) · Biology (9 works) · Birth, Development, and Health (9 works) · Psychology (9 works) · Environmental health (8 works) · Population (8 works) · Developmental psychology (6 works) · Pediatrics (6 works)