J B Ward Perkins
Biographic Data
| ID | 992640 |
|---|---|
| NAME | J B Ward Perkins |
| GIVEN NAMES | J B Ward |
| FAMILY NAME | Perkins |
| SIGNATURE | PERKINS J B W |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Malta |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 45 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 81 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 45 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1933 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Historical Method and the Etruscan Problem
The Temple of Castor in the Forum Romanum
It is one of the paradoxes of the study of Roman architecture that what, in terms of the written record, is probably the most thoroughly and reliably documented phase of its whole development, the Augustan age, is from the point of view of the architectural historian still one of the most obscure and controversial. That it was a vital turning point in the history of Roman architecture one cannot doubt; and yet the number of monuments in the capit…
Excavation of a Roman Building near ‘Tomba di Nerone’ on the Via Cassia
In May 1959, while digging foundations for an electric switch-room in the grounds of the Overseas School, Via Cassia no. 811, workmen came upon the remains of a Roman building. The discovery was reported to the Superintendency of Antiquities for Rome and, by arrangement with the authorities of the Superintendency, the British School undertook to supervise and to record such work of clearance and record as might prove possible within the time and …
The Ancient Road Systems of the Central and Northern Ager Faliscus
Etruscan and Roman Roads in Southern Etruria
The main roads that led north from Rome into Etruria have received surprisingly little attention from students of classical topography. With the exception of the Via Flaminia, which has been the subject of a characteristically detailed study by Ashby and Fell, the course of none of these roads has been systematically worked out on the ground. Martinori's monograph on the Via Cassia (and Clodia) is little more than a compilation of facts about the…
The Hippolytus Sarcophagus from Trinquetaille
One of the finest Attic sarcophagi of its class, and certainly one of the most striking pieces to have reached the western provinces, is the well-known Hippolytus sarcophagus which was found in 1891 at Trinquetaille, across the river from Aries, and which is now one of the chief ornaments of the Musée Romain in that city (pl. 1). There is no need to describe it in detail, since it has been fully published, with good photogravure reproductions of …
Notes on Southern Etruria and the Ager Veientanus
The notes that follow are the first results of a programme of field-survey undertaken by the writer and by various members of the British School during the autumn of 1954 in the area that lies immediately to the north of Rome, between the Tiber and the sea. This area is one that has been strangely neglected by modern students of Italian topography. Ashby's published work is concerned mainly with those parts of the Campagna that lie to the south a…
The Aqueduct of Aspendos
Among the many fine antiquities of the Roman period that are preserved in Pamphylia, none is more immediately impressive than the aqueduct of Aspendos. The upper town of Aspendos occupies an oval, flat-topped hill, some 50 acres in extent and river about 60 m. above the meadows on the right bank of the Köyürirmaǧi, the ancient river Eurymedon. The rock of which the hill is composed is a coarse, pebbly conglomerate, and despite its modest height t…
Constantine and the Origins of the Christian Basilica
Few archaeological problems have been longer and less conclusively debated than that of the origins of the Christian basilica. Ever since the great Renaissance architect, Alberti, noted the similarity of name and of architectural form between the Early Christian basilicas and the forum basilicas of Imperial Roman practice, students of classical architecture have been trying to establish the derivation of the Christian basilica from this, that, or…
I.— The Christian Antiquities of Tripolitania
In late antiquity, as under the earlier Empire, Tripolitania was a small and somewhat isolated territory. The creation of a separate province of Tripolitania, in the closing years of the third century, was no more than the official recognition of an established geographical fact. There continued to be important military and cultural links with the provinces to the west; but the natural isolation of the territory was inevitably increased by the de…
Short Notices
Journal Article Short Notices Get access J. B. WARD PERKINS J. B. WARD PERKINS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXVIII, Issue CCLXIX, October 1953, Pages 630–631, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXVIII.CCLXIX.630 Published: 01 October 1953
The Roman and Byzantine Defences of Lepcis Magna
During the North African campaigns of 1941–3 numerous air-photographs of the Tripolitanian coast were taken by the R.A.F. for operational purposes, and the site of Lepcis Magna was included in the area covered. Examination of these photographs (pl. XV) showed many suggestive features relating to the defences of the ancient city, and a preliminary ground survey was later (1947–50) undertaken to establish, with a minimum of excavation, the course o…
The Shrine of St. Peter and its Twelve Spiral Columns
Among the individual objects of antiquity that have been seen and copied by the artists of later generations, few have had a stranger history than the columns that once formed a screen in old St. Peter's, around the site of the tomb of the apostle. Their singular and distinctive form was in itself enough to attract attention; and the fact that, since the later Middle Ages, they were universally believed to have come from the Temple of Solomon, se…
Excavations in the Severan Basilica at Lepcis Magna, 1951
During the summer of 1951, the British School undertook an examination of the remaining unexcavated Byzantine levels within the Severan basilica at Lepcis Magna. In converting the basilica to Christian use, Justinian's architects had raised the floor-level at a number of points, and it was hoped that the deposits stratified between the two floor-levels might yield evidence of the condition of the building immediately before the Byzantine reconque…
Arvast Nordh, Libellus de Regionibus Urbis Romae (Skrifter utgivna av svenska Institutet i Rom, 8°, III). Lund: C. W. K. Gleerup, 1949. Pp. 113. Kr. 10
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Peopled Scrolls: A Hellenistic Motif in Imperial Art
The peopling of floral scrolls with living creatures is a decorative device which enjoyed unrivalled popularity throughout the whole history of Imperial art and in almost every country of the Empire. Its full cultivation and flowering were achieved in the Roman age; but its roots, like those of nearly every Roman art-motif, are in the late classical Greek and Hellenistic worlds. These roots were varied and complex. The primitive notion of spirits…
VI.— The Hunting Baths at Lepcis Magna
The Hunting Baths at Lepcis Magna lie on the western fringes of the town, about 100 yards from the sea-shore and about half-way between the mouth of the Wadi er-Saf, which formed the western boundary of the city at its fullest extent, and the defensive wall which enclosed the more compact late-Imperial city. It was found and cleared in 1932–3, under the direction of the late Professor Giacomo Guidi. He was at the time already engaged on the excav…
The Limes Tripolitanus in the Light of Recent Discoveries
The Limes Tripolitanus , the easternmost of the series of limites protecting the Latin provinces of Roman Africa, ran for some 1,000 km. from Turris Tamalleni (the modern Telmine, on the edge of the Chott el Djerid) to its eastern terminus at Arae Philaenorum (Muktar, near ‘Marble Arch’) on the border of ancient Cyrenaica. Of this total length the western 300 km. lie within the confines of the French Protectorate of Tunisia, and for this sector C…
The Church of San Salvatore at Spoleto: Some structural notes
The church of San Salvatore, on the outskirts of Spoleto, is a monument as familiar as it is puzzling. Together with the closely related Clitumnus temple, 10 km. distant between Spoleto and Trevi, it has been the subject of at least one monograph and of numerous articles, and it figures in all the standard works on late antique and early medieval art in Italy. It first appears in history in a document of 815, confirming to the abbey of Farfa cert…
The Shrine of St. Menas in the Maryût
It is one of the saddest losses of history that of Antioch and Alexandria, two of the great early centres of Christian art and learning, hardly a stone should now be standing above ground. Of the two, Alexandria is in the worse case. Antioch can at least boast the magnificent series of mosaics unearthed before the war by the Princeton Expedition. At Alexandria on the other hand there is little chance that excavation can ever reveal any substantia…
A Medieval Harness-Mount at Termoli
Termoli is a small city of the Molise, on the Adriatic coast of Italy just above the junction of the ‘spur’ of Gargano with the main coastline. Like the whole of the lower Molise, it had in the middle ages a troubled history, always in dispute between the duchies of Benevento and Spoleto and the successive masters of Apulia, and on at least two occasions the victim of disastrous sack, at the hands of the Venetians in combat with Frederic II and i…
An eleventh-century bone stylus from York
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The Bronze Lion of St. Mark at Venice
The measures taken for the protection of the monuments and works of art of Europe during the recent war, besides saving an incalculable number from damage or destruction, have also made available for detailed study many that are normally difficult or impossible of access. One such has been the bronze lion of St. Mark, familiar indeed to every visitor to Venice but only at a respectable distance, from the loggia of the Doge's Palace or from the fo…
IV.— Excavations on the Iron Age Hill-fort of Oldbury, Near Ightham, Kent
In 1938 the Kent Archaeological Society carried out extensive excavations on the site of the important Iron Age hill-fort of Oldbury, above Ightham, Kent. An abridged report of the work has already appeared in Archaeologia Cantiana , li (1939), 137–81. But in view of the more than local importance of some of the results obtained it has seemed advisable to republish them on a considerably expanded basis. The actual work of excavation, recorded in …
The Harrington Effigy in Cartmel Priory
Attention was drawn recently ( Antiq. Journ . xxi, 1941, 158–61) to a sword of derivative Viking type depicted on an effigy in Furness Abbey, Lancs. The effigy is one of a group of related late thirteenth- and early fourteenth-century monuments, of which the majority are recorded from Co. Durham. Another sword of this form has since come to notice in a similar context. The freestone effigy on which it appears is preserved in the Priory Church of …
The Roman Villa at Lockleys, Welwyn
The Roman villa on Lockleys Estate, Welwyn, was discovered accidentally in 1930. On that occasion a small portion of it was uncovered; but it was not until 1937 that, by the permission, and with the very generous co-operation, of the Welwyn Garden City Company, it proved possible to examine the site scientifically. The building was completely cleared; and although it was not sufficiently well preserved to justify the expense of preservation, the …
Notes on Southern Etruria and the Ager Veientanus
The notes that follow are the first results of a programme of field-survey undertaken by the writer and by various members of the British School during the autumn of 1954 in the area that lies immediately to the north of Rome, between the Tiber and the sea. This area is one that has been strangely neglected by modern students of Italian topography. Ashby's published work is concerned mainly with those parts of the Campagna that lie to the south a…
The Limes Tripolitanus in the Light of Recent Discoveries
The Limes Tripolitanus , the easternmost of the series of limites protecting the Latin provinces of Roman Africa, ran for some 1,000 km. from Turris Tamalleni (the modern Telmine, on the edge of the Chott el Djerid) to its eastern terminus at Arae Philaenorum (Muktar, near ‘Marble Arch’) on the border of ancient Cyrenaica. Of this total length the western 300 km. lie within the confines of the French Protectorate of Tunisia, and for this sector C…
Peopled Scrolls: A Hellenistic Motif in Imperial Art
The peopling of floral scrolls with living creatures is a decorative device which enjoyed unrivalled popularity throughout the whole history of Imperial art and in almost every country of the Empire. Its full cultivation and flowering were achieved in the Roman age; but its roots, like those of nearly every Roman art-motif, are in the late classical Greek and Hellenistic worlds. These roots were varied and complex. The primitive notion of spirits…
The Roman and Byzantine Defences of Lepcis Magna
During the North African campaigns of 1941–3 numerous air-photographs of the Tripolitanian coast were taken by the R.A.F. for operational purposes, and the site of Lepcis Magna was included in the area covered. Examination of these photographs (pl. XV) showed many suggestive features relating to the defences of the ancient city, and a preliminary ground survey was later (1947–50) undertaken to establish, with a minimum of excavation, the course o…
The Ancient Road Systems of the Central and Northern Ager Faliscus
An Iron Age linch-pin of Yorkshire type from Cornwall
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Two early linch-pins, from Kings Langley, Herts., and from Tiddington, Stratford-on-Avon
Of the two linch-pins which form the subject of this article, one was found at King's Langley, Herts., in 1937, and has recently been acquired by the British Museum. The second was found in 1938 at Tiddington, near Stratford-on-Avon. It was exhibited at the Exhibition of Recent Archaeological Research, 1933–8, at the Institute of Archaeology, Regents Park, and is now in the New Place Museum at Stratford-on-Avon. To the authorities of both museums…
Bronze Belt-chapes from London
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Etruscan and Roman Roads in Southern Etruria
The main roads that led north from Rome into Etruria have received surprisingly little attention from students of classical topography. With the exception of the Via Flaminia, which has been the subject of a characteristically detailed study by Ashby and Fell, the course of none of these roads has been systematically worked out on the ground. Martinori's monograph on the Via Cassia (and Clodia) is little more than a compilation of facts about the…
The Shrine of St. Peter and its Twelve Spiral Columns
Among the individual objects of antiquity that have been seen and copied by the artists of later generations, few have had a stranger history than the columns that once formed a screen in old St. Peter's, around the site of the tomb of the apostle. Their singular and distinctive form was in itself enough to attract attention; and the fact that, since the later Middle Ages, they were universally believed to have come from the Temple of Solomon, se…
The Aqueduct of Aspendos
Among the many fine antiquities of the Roman period that are preserved in Pamphylia, none is more immediately impressive than the aqueduct of Aspendos. The upper town of Aspendos occupies an oval, flat-topped hill, some 50 acres in extent and river about 60 m. above the meadows on the right bank of the Köyürirmaǧi, the ancient river Eurymedon. The rock of which the hill is composed is a coarse, pebbly conglomerate, and despite its modest height t…
Constantine and the Origins of the Christian Basilica
Few archaeological problems have been longer and less conclusively debated than that of the origins of the Christian basilica. Ever since the great Renaissance architect, Alberti, noted the similarity of name and of architectural form between the Early Christian basilicas and the forum basilicas of Imperial Roman practice, students of classical architecture have been trying to establish the derivation of the Christian basilica from this, that, or…
Roman Villa, Lockleys, Welwyn
The Roman villa at Lockleys, Welwyn (the excavation of which was described in Antiquaries Journal, 1938, XVIII, 339-76), happened to provide more evidence than is usual of the character of the superstructures which once stood upon the surviving foundations. It has therefore seemed worth while to attempt a restorcation-drawing of the house as it appeared in Roman times. The drawing, which is reproduced in the accompanying plate, is the work of Mr …
An Early Iron Age Site at Crayford, Kent
The Iron Age Site at Crayford, Kent, was discovered in 1936 during the development of the Glebe Building Estate. This Estate lies to the west of St. Paulinus' Church, between Watling Street Old Road and Manor Road, and Nos. 103, 105, 107 and 109 Watling Street Old Road now mark the site. The circumstances of the discovery did not permit of scientific excavation, but the finds were reported to Mr S. Priest, F.G.S., curator of the Dartford Public M…
English Medieval Embossed Tiles
(1937). English Medieval Embossed Tiles. Archaeological Journal: Vol. 94, No. 1, pp. 128-153
The Temple of Castor in the Forum Romanum
It is one of the paradoxes of the study of Roman architecture that what, in terms of the written record, is probably the most thoroughly and reliably documented phase of its whole development, the Augustan age, is from the point of view of the architectural historian still one of the most obscure and controversial. That it was a vital turning point in the history of Roman architecture one cannot doubt; and yet the number of monuments in the capit…
The Church of San Salvatore at Spoleto: Some structural notes
The church of San Salvatore, on the outskirts of Spoleto, is a monument as familiar as it is puzzling. Together with the closely related Clitumnus temple, 10 km. distant between Spoleto and Trevi, it has been the subject of at least one monograph and of numerous articles, and it figures in all the standard works on late antique and early medieval art in Italy. It first appears in history in a document of 815, confirming to the abbey of Farfa cert…
A Medieval Harness-Mount at Termoli
Termoli is a small city of the Molise, on the Adriatic coast of Italy just above the junction of the ‘spur’ of Gargano with the main coastline. Like the whole of the lower Molise, it had in the middle ages a troubled history, always in dispute between the duchies of Benevento and Spoleto and the successive masters of Apulia, and on at least two occasions the victim of disastrous sack, at the hands of the Venetians in combat with Frederic II and i…
The Bronze Lion of St. Mark at Venice
The measures taken for the protection of the monuments and works of art of Europe during the recent war, besides saving an incalculable number from damage or destruction, have also made available for detailed study many that are normally difficult or impossible of access. One such has been the bronze lion of St. Mark, familiar indeed to every visitor to Venice but only at a respectable distance, from the loggia of the Doge's Palace or from the fo…
Iron Age Metal Horses' Bits of the British Isles
Ever since the complexity of the Early Iron Age civilization in the British Isles was first realized, the accepted classification of its cultures has been based primarily upon pottery-types. In its present form, as stated by Mr Hawkes in 1931, that classification is, with modifications, likely to remain a basis of research for many years to come. Not only is pottery the most universally durable of the domestic articles then in common use, but it …
A Medieval Spoon in the Guildhall Museum, London
Early medieval spoons are sufficiently rare to make any addition to their number a matter of interest. The specimen illustrated on pl. lxi, a and fig. I was found in London and is now in the Guildhall Museum, to the authorities of which I am indebted for permission to publish it. Dr. P. Nørland, whose publication of the double spoon from Ribe underlies much of what follows, provided the original of pl. LXII; and Dr. S. Grieg has allowed me to rep…
Butley Priory, Suffolk
Butley Priory, Suffolk
English Medieval Embossed Tiles
(1937). English Medieval Embossed Tiles. Archaeological Journal: Vol. 94, No. 1, pp. 128-153
The Career of Sex. Julius Frontinus
It is a well-known fact that of the three governors of Britain who were responsible for the Flavian advance of the northern frontier two had had previous military experience in the area in which they were now called upon to operate. Petilius Cerialis was in command of the IXth legion during the critical times of Boudicca's revolt (Tac. Ann. XIV. 32). And although in that capacity he succeeded in losing the larger part of his forces, his subsequen…
Iron Age site in Essex
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Iron Age sites in Suffolk
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Roman Bas-relief, Avignon
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IV.— The Sculpture of Visigothic France
The sculpture of Dark Age France is still almost unknown to archaeologists This is due not to any shortage of material, some of it of a high quality, but rather to an absence of adequate publication. A certain number of objects have been reproduced ad nauseam in the major works of reference. But with the exception of the illustrations in Coutil, L'Art mérovingien et carolingien (an extremely valuable, if inaccurate, body of material) and in De La…
An Early Iron Age Site at Crayford, Kent
The Iron Age Site at Crayford, Kent, was discovered in 1936 during the development of the Glebe Building Estate. This Estate lies to the west of St. Paulinus' Church, between Watling Street Old Road and Manor Road, and Nos. 103, 105, 107 and 109 Watling Street Old Road now mark the site. The circumstances of the discovery did not permit of scientific excavation, but the finds were reported to Mr S. Priest, F.G.S., curator of the Dartford Public M…
Recent Discoveries in the Lee Valley
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The Roman Villa at Lockleys, Welwyn
The Roman villa on Lockleys Estate, Welwyn, was discovered accidentally in 1930. On that occasion a small portion of it was uncovered; but it was not until 1937 that, by the permission, and with the very generous co-operation, of the Welwyn Garden City Company, it proved possible to examine the site scientifically. The building was completely cleared; and although it was not sufficiently well preserved to justify the expense of preservation, the …
Iron Age Metal Horses' Bits of the British Isles
Ever since the complexity of the Early Iron Age civilization in the British Isles was first realized, the accepted classification of its cultures has been based primarily upon pottery-types. In its present form, as stated by Mr Hawkes in 1931, that classification is, with modifications, likely to remain a basis of research for many years to come. Not only is pottery the most universally durable of the domestic articles then in common use, but it …
Ivory Objects from Poitiers
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Pottery from Barking, Essex
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Bronze Belt-chapes from London
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A Medieval Spoon in the Guildhall Museum, London
Early medieval spoons are sufficiently rare to make any addition to their number a matter of interest. The specimen illustrated on pl. lxi, a and fig. I was found in London and is now in the Guildhall Museum, to the authorities of which I am indebted for permission to publish it. Dr. P. Nørland, whose publication of the double spoon from Ribe underlies much of what follows, provided the original of pl. LXII; and Dr. S. Grieg has allowed me to rep…
Two early linch-pins, from Kings Langley, Herts., and from Tiddington, Stratford-on-Avon
Of the two linch-pins which form the subject of this article, one was found at King's Langley, Herts., in 1937, and has recently been acquired by the British Museum. The second was found in 1938 at Tiddington, near Stratford-on-Avon. It was exhibited at the Exhibition of Recent Archaeological Research, 1933–8, at the Institute of Archaeology, Regents Park, and is now in the New Place Museum at Stratford-on-Avon. To the authorities of both museums…
Roman Villa, Lockleys, Welwyn
The Roman villa at Lockleys, Welwyn (the excavation of which was described in Antiquaries Journal, 1938, XVIII, 339-76), happened to provide more evidence than is usual of the character of the superstructures which once stood upon the surviving foundations. It has therefore seemed worth while to attempt a restorcation-drawing of the house as it appeared in Roman times. The drawing, which is reproduced in the accompanying plate, is the work of Mr …
Persistence of Viking types of sword
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An Iron Age linch-pin of Yorkshire type from Cornwall
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Medieval and Early Renaissance Architecture in Malta
The architectural history of Malta has yet to be written. The thought is a depressing one at a moment when the work of centuries is being blasted to fragments, but it may serve as an excuse for publishing a few illustrations of medieval architecture in the island. At best they will furnish a reminder of the work that remains to be done; at worst they will serve as a record of what has gone. My own photographs and notes are in Valetta, and I owe t…
The Harrington Effigy in Cartmel Priory
Attention was drawn recently ( Antiq. Journ . xxi, 1941, 158–61) to a sword of derivative Viking type depicted on an effigy in Furness Abbey, Lancs. The effigy is one of a group of related late thirteenth- and early fourteenth-century monuments, of which the majority are recorded from Co. Durham. Another sword of this form has since come to notice in a similar context. The freestone effigy on which it appears is preserved in the Priory Church of …
IV.— Excavations on the Iron Age Hill-fort of Oldbury, Near Ightham, Kent
In 1938 the Kent Archaeological Society carried out extensive excavations on the site of the important Iron Age hill-fort of Oldbury, above Ightham, Kent. An abridged report of the work has already appeared in Archaeologia Cantiana , li (1939), 137–81. But in view of the more than local importance of some of the results obtained it has seemed advisable to republish them on a considerably expanded basis. The actual work of excavation, recorded in …
The Bronze Lion of St. Mark at Venice
The measures taken for the protection of the monuments and works of art of Europe during the recent war, besides saving an incalculable number from damage or destruction, have also made available for detailed study many that are normally difficult or impossible of access. One such has been the bronze lion of St. Mark, familiar indeed to every visitor to Venice but only at a respectable distance, from the loggia of the Doge's Palace or from the fo…
VI.— The Hunting Baths at Lepcis Magna
The Hunting Baths at Lepcis Magna lie on the western fringes of the town, about 100 yards from the sea-shore and about half-way between the mouth of the Wadi er-Saf, which formed the western boundary of the city at its fullest extent, and the defensive wall which enclosed the more compact late-Imperial city. It was found and cleared in 1932–3, under the direction of the late Professor Giacomo Guidi. He was at the time already engaged on the excav…
The Limes Tripolitanus in the Light of Recent Discoveries
The Limes Tripolitanus , the easternmost of the series of limites protecting the Latin provinces of Roman Africa, ran for some 1,000 km. from Turris Tamalleni (the modern Telmine, on the edge of the Chott el Djerid) to its eastern terminus at Arae Philaenorum (Muktar, near ‘Marble Arch’) on the border of ancient Cyrenaica. Of this total length the western 300 km. lie within the confines of the French Protectorate of Tunisia, and for this sector C…
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