Barry M Popkin
Biographic Data
| ID | 99664 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Barry M Popkin |
| GIVEN NAMES | Barry M |
| FAMILY NAME | Popkin |
| SIGNATURE | POPKIN B M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9495-9324 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 190 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1023 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 190 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1978 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 15 |
Exploring disparities in the proportion of ultra-processed foods and beverages purchased in grocery stores by US households in 2020
Objective: American diets are increasingly based on ultra-processed foods (UPF). Current research, particularly on socio-economic differentials, is lacking. This study aimed to provide an updated examination of US household purchases of UPF and how this differs by race–ethnicity, household income and household education. Design: The NielsenIQ Consumer Panel 2020 was utilised for analysis. Each food and beverage product purchased by US households …
Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: A pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults
BACKGROUND: Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. METHODS: ). For school-aged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI 2 SD above the median). FINDINGS: From 1990 to 20…
Evolution of food and beverage prices after the front-of-package labelling regulations in Chile
INTRODUCTION: This study assesses the impact on prices of the 2016 Chilean comprehensive food policy package, centred around front-of-package warning labels for food and beverages high in saturated fats, sugars, calories and/or salt, on food and beverage prices, labelled or not. METHODS: Data from Kantar WorldPanel Chile, from January 2014 to December 2017, were used. The methodology implemented was interrupted time series analyses with a control…
Employment and wage effects of sugar-sweetened beverage taxes and front-of-package warning label regulations on the food and beverage industry: Evidence from Peru
Peru increased its sugar-sweetened beverage tax by 8 percentage points (from 17% to 25%) in 2018 and in 2019 imposed front-of-package warning labels on processed and ultra-processed foods and beverages high in sugar, saturated fats, and sodium or containing trans fats. We assess the pre-COVID-19 impacts of these two policies on aggregate formal employment and average wages in the food and beverage industry. In the analysis we use monthly administ…
The nutrition transition to a stage of high obesity and noncommunicable disease prevalence dominated by ultra‐processed foods is not inevitable
The Nutrition Transition model is presented with the nature and pace of change in key stages varying by location and subpopulations. At present, all high‐income and many low‐ and middle‐income countries are in a stage of the transition where nutrition‐related noncommunicable diseases including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension are dominating adult morbidity and mortality and are very high or growing rapidly in prevalence. Some countries …
Television viewing and using screens while eating: Associations with dietary intake in children and adolescents
Does excessive fast-food consumption impair our health
Changes in food purchases after the Chilean policies on food labelling, marketing, and sales in schools: A before and after study
BACKGROUND: In 2016, Chile implemented a unique law mandating front-of-package warning labels, restricting marketing, and banning school sales for products high in calories, sodium, sugar, or saturated fat. We aimed to examine changes in the calorie, sugar, sodium, and saturated fat content of food and beverage purchases after the first phase of implementation of this law. METHODS: This before and after study used longitudinal data on food and be…
The processed food revolution in African food systems and the double burden of malnutrition
African consumers have purchased increasing amounts of processed food over the past 50 years. The opportunity cost of time of women and men has increased as more of them work outside the home, driving them to buy processed food and food prepared away from home to save arduous home-processing and preparation labor. In the past several decades, this trend has accelerated with a surge on the supply side of the processing sector and small and medium …
Towards unified and impactful policies to reduce ultra-processed food consumption and promote healthier eating
The need to reshape global food processing: A call to the United Nations Food Systems Summit
In the modern, globalised food system, useful types of industrial food processing that preserve foods, enhance their sensory properties and make their culinary preparation easier and more diverse, have been and are being replaced by food ultra-processing. The main purpose of food ultra-processing is to increase profits by creating hyperpalatable and convenient food products that are grossly inferior imitations of minimally processed foods and fre…
Measuring the nutrition transition and its dynamics
An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the 'Save PDF' action button
Mexican households’ food shopping patterns in 2015: Analysis following nonessential food and sugary beverage taxes
Objective: To examine patterns of taxed and untaxed food and beverage shopping across store types after Mexico’s sugary drink and non-essential food taxes, the nutritional quality of these patterns and the socio-economic characteristics associated with them. Design: We performed k -means cluster analyses using households’ percentage of food and beverage purchases from each store type (i.e. convenience stores, traditional shops (e.g. bodegas, tien…
The effects of the Chilean food policy package on aggregate employment and real wages
In 2016 the Chilean government instituted the world’s most aggressive food policy package to prevent obesity and nutrition-related noncommunicable diseases. The package included comprehensive integrated policies on child marketing, school-related controls, and front-of-package warning labels for foods and beverages high in saturated fats, sugars, calories, and/or salt. This study assesses the impact of these policies on labor market outcomes (rea…
Individuals with obesity and Covid‐19: A global perspective on the epidemiology and biological relationships
The linkage of individuals with obesity and COVID‐19 is controversial and lacks systematic reviews. After a systematic search of the Chinese and English language literature on COVID‐19, 75 studies were used to conduct a series of meta‐analyses on the relationship of individuals with obesity–COVID‐19 over the full spectrum from risk to mortality. A systematic review of the mechanistic pathways for COVID‐19 and individuals with obesity is presented…
Dynamics of the double burden of malnutrition and the changing nutrition reality
An evaluation of Chile’s Law of Food Labeling and Advertising on sugar-sweetened beverage purchases from 2015 to 2017: A before-and-after study
BACKGROUND: Chile's Law of Food Labeling and Advertising, implemented in 2016, was the first national regulation to jointly mandate front-of-package warning labels, restrict child-directed marketing, and ban sales in schools of all foods and beverages containing added sugars, sodium, or saturated fats that exceed set nutrient or calorie thresholds. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of this package of policies on household beve…
Urban vs. Rural Socioeconomic Differences in the Nutritional Quality of Household Packaged Food Purchases by Store Type
The U.S. food system is rapidly changing, including the growth of mass merchandisers and dollar stores, which may impact the quality of packaged food purchases (PFPs). Furthermore, diet-related disparities exist by socioeconomic status (SES) and rural residence. We use data from the 2010-2018 Nielsen Homescan Panel to describe the nutritional profiles of PFPs by store type and to assess whether these vary by household urbanicity and SES. Store ty…
Cross-sectional association between diet quality and cardiometabolic risk by education level in Mexican adults
Objective: Understanding the association between diet quality and cardiometabolic risk by education level is important for preventing increased cardiometabolic risk in the Mexican population, especially considering pre-existing disparities in diet quality. The present study examined the cross-sectional association of overall diet quality with cardiometabolic risk, overall and by education level, among Mexican men and women. Design: Cardiometaboli…
Snacking patterns among Chilean children and adolescents: Is there potential for improvement
Objective: To examine snacking patterns, food sources and nutrient profiles of snacks in low- and middle-income Chilean children and adolescents. Design: Cross-sectional. Dietary data were collected via 24 h food recalls. We determined the proportion of snackers, snacks per day and energy from top food and beverage groups consumed. We compared the nutrient profile (energy, sodium, total sugars and saturated fat) of snacks v . meals. Setting: Sout…
The association of overall diet quality with BMI and waist circumference by education level in Mexican men and women
Objective: The present study evaluated the association of two measures of diet quality with BMI and waist circumference (WC), overall and by education level, among Mexican men and women. Design: We constructed two a priori indices of diet quality, the Mexican Diet Quality Index (MxDQI) and the Mexican Alternate Healthy Eating Index (MxAHEI), which we examined relative to BMI and WC. We computed sex-specific multivariable linear regression models …
Did high sugar-sweetened beverage purchasers respond differently to the excise tax on sugar-sweetened beverages in Mexico
Objective To estimate changes in taxed and untaxed beverages by volume of beverage purchased after a sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax was introduced in 2014 in Mexico. Design We used household purchase data from January 2012 to December 2015. We first classified the sample into four groups based on pre-tax purchases of beverages: (i) higher purchases of taxed beverages and lower purchases of untaxed beverages (HTLU-unhealthier); (ii) higher pur…
Causal Language in Health Warning Labels and US Adults’ Perception: A Randomized Experiment
Objectives. To examine US adults’ reactions to health warnings with strong versus weak causal language. Methods. In 2018, we randomly assigned 1360 US adults to answer an online survey about health warnings for cigarettes, sugar-sweetened beverages, or alcohol. Participants rated 4 warning statements using different causal language variants (“causes,” “contributes to,” “can contribute to,” and “may contribute to”) displayed in random arrangement.…
Obesity and the food system transformation in Latin America
The Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region faces a major diet‐related health problem accompanied by enormous economic and social costs. The shifts in diet are profound: major shifts in intake of less‐healthful low‐nutrient‐density foods and sugary beverages, changes in away‐from‐home eating and snacking and rapid shifts towards very high levels of overweight and obesity among all ages along with, in some countries, high burdens of stunting.…
Patterns and trends in the intake distribution of manufactured and homemade sugar-sweetened beverages in pre-tax Mexico, 1999–2012
Objective To describe trends across the intake distribution of total, manufactured and homemade sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) from 1999 to 2012, focusing on high SSB consumers and on changes by socio-economic status (SES) subgroup. Design We analysed data from one 24 h dietary recall from two nationally representative surveys. Quantile regression models at the 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles of energy intake distribution of SSB were used. Setti…
Acculturation and overweight-related behaviors among Hispanic immigrants to the US: The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health
Urbanization, Lifestyle Changes and the Nutrition Transition
Nutritional Patterns and Transitions
Globally most people are changing their diets to ones that are rather high in fat and processed food and low in fiber fresh fruits and vegetables and carbohydrates. Nutritionalists and medical personnel in most developed countries are working to change this diet to one low in fat and high in fiber fresh fruits and vegetables and carbohydrates. They hope that people in developing countries avoid the high fat diet. Research should strive to identif…
Income-Specific Trends in Obesity in Brazil: 1975–2003
Objectives. We sought to update income-specific secular trends in obesity in Brazil to assess the hypothesis that the disease burden is shifting toward the poor. Methods. We compared overall and income-specific obesity prevalence rates estimated for Brazilian men and women from national surveys conducted in 1975, 1989, and 2003. We calculated age-adjusted prevalence ratios to assess time trends. Results. In the first 14-year period examined (1975…
Rapid income growth adversely affects diet quality in China-particularly for the poor
Understanding community context and adult health changes in China: Development of an urbanicity scale
Why have physical activity levels declined among Chinese adults? Findings from the 1991-2006 China health and nutrition surveys
China's transition: The effect of rapid urbanization on adult occupational physical activity
Nutrition, agriculture and the global food system in low and middle income countries
The impact of socio-economic factors on functional status decline among community-dwelling older adults in China
The Burden of Disease From Undernutrition and Overnutrition in Countries Undergoing Rapid Nutrition Transition: A View From Brazil
On the basis of 3 comparable population-based surveys conducted in Brazil, we identified clear changes in the relative magnitude of women’s undernutrition and overnutrition. In 1975, there were almost 2 cases of underweight to 1 case of obesity, whereas in 1997, there were more than 2 cases of obesity to 1 case of underweight. In 1997, Brazilian low-income women were significantly more susceptible than high-income women to both underweight and ob…
Accessibility, quality of care and prenatal care use in the Philippines
Technology, transport, globalization and the nutrition transition food policy
The Demand for Primary Health Care Services in the Bicol Region of the Philippines
Neighborhood socioeconomic status and food environment: A 20-year longitudinal latent class analysis among Cardia participants
What neighborhood area captures built environment features related to adolescent physical activity
Obesity, race/ethnicity and life course socioeconomic status across the transition from adolescence to adulthood
BACKGROUND: Differences in the association of socioeconomic status (SES) with obesity may underlie the racial/ethnic disparities in obesity that increase dramatically across the transition to adulthood in the United States. The aim of this study was to examine racial/ethnic differences in the influence of life course SES on longitudinal obesity patterns from adolescence to adulthood. METHODS: Latent class analysis was used on a nationally represe…
The demand for adult outpatient services in the Bicol region of the Philippines
Poverty and the Economic Transition in the Russian Federation
Nutrition, lactation, and birth spacing in filipino women
The Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey is used to examine the roles of women’s nutrition and infant feeding in determining time from birth to menses and time from menses to conception. The analysis sample includes 2,648 Filipino women followed for 24 months postpartum. Recently devised statistical estimation techniques to control for unobserved heterogeneity and endogeneity are employed in estimating a two-state hazard model. Low body …
The duration of breast-feeding: How is it affected by biological, sociodemographic, health sector, and food industry factors
Breast-feeding duration has important effects on a wide array of demographic and maternal and infant health outcomes. This study uses a discrete-time logit hazards model to explore the relationship of biological, sociodemographic, health sector, and food industry practices on the duration of full and partial breast-feeding in a sample of more than 2,600 infants from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey. Food industry and health secto…
Understanding the role of mediating risk factors and proxy effects in the association between socio-economic status and untreated hypertension
Influences on the Extent of Breast-Feeding: A Prospective Study in the PhiLippines
There has been much controversy about the impact of the health sector and the infant food industry on breast-feeding behavior. This study links causal factors to breast-feeding decisions, using a longitudinal survey of more than 3,000 Filipino mother-infant pairs. Most factors decreasing the likelihood that mothers will breast-feed seem to be related to family economics. Delivery in a private hospital, urban residence, high income, absence of spo…
Prenatal care and pregnancy outcome in Cebu, Philippines
The Determinants of Breast-Feeding in Sri Lanka
Breast-feeding is the focus of rapidly growing interest. Research on the determinants of breast-feeding is only beginning. The research in this paper is based on World Fertility Survey data for Sri Lanka. We develop what we believe to be an appropriate probit model and find that there are significant socioeconomic factors that influence breast-feeding, in addition to the demographic factors focused upon in the literature. Moreover, some of them h…
Nutrition and labor productivity
Time allocation of the mother and child nutrition
The effects of labor force participation of mothers on dietary and time inputs into child care, as well as the resultant impact on the nutritional status of children from 34 rural barrios in Laguna, Philippines, are examined. Rural mothers who engage in market activities, especially in jobs incompatible with child care, are shown to reduce the time they devote to leisure and child care. Child care provided by older‐sibling mother substitutes repl…
Community‐level considerations in nutrition planning in low income nations
Reaching those most in need of assistance is a neglected issue in nutrition planning in low income nations. This study shows that the variations in the proportion of third degree Gomez classification of malnutrition among Filipino preschoolers increase significantly as the administration unit decreases from region to province to municipality and finally to the smallest unit— the village oibarangay. At the village level, the proportion of preschoo…
The Determinants of Breast-Feeding in Sri Lanka
Breast-feeding is the focus of rapidly growing interest. Research on the determinants of breast-feeding is only beginning. The research in this paper is based on World Fertility Survey data for Sri Lanka. We develop what we believe to be an appropriate probit model and find that there are significant socioeconomic factors that influence breast-feeding, in addition to the demographic factors focused upon in the literature. Moreover, some of them h…
A household framework for examining the social and economic consequences of tropical diseases
Nutrition and school achievement
Part 1: Breast‐feeding determinants in low‐income countries
This review relates to 2 articles in Medical Anthropology (Greiner et al. 1981; Gussler and Briesmeister 1980) which infer a large decline in the extent of breastfeeding and focus on a limited set of myriad factors which are believed to affect lactation extent and duration. They concentrate on the insufficient milk syndrome and use attitudinal information to a large extent. The assumption of the lage universal breastfeeding decline is questioned …
Response to: “A comment on J. Akin et al., ‘The determinants of breastfeeding in Sri Lanka’”
Commenting on the authors paper Determinants of Breastfeeding in Sri Smith reanalyzed the World Fertility Survey (WFS) data for Sri Lanka using different estimation procedures variables and sample sizes. The results agree with respect to the impacts of parity education and residence on breastfeeding duration. Smith stated that the only variables for which results differed were working away from home contraceptive use and mothers age. He did howev…
Infant formula promotion and infant-feeding practices, Bicol region, Philippines
A 1978 household survey and a 1981 survey of stores and health facilities document the availability of breast milk substitutes, promotion of infant food and formula through the medical sector, and the effects of such promotion on the infant-feeding practices of mothers in the Bicol region of the Philippines. Breast milk substitutes were universally available in the region. Infant food and formula companies were active in the modern medical sector…
Breast-feeding in the Philippines: The role of the health sector
A survey of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of 1298 Filipino health professionals towards breast-feeding is analysed. Knowledge of the benefits of breast-feeding, the psychophysiology of lactation, contraindications to breast-feeding, and the effects of drugs and contraceptives on lactation and delivery are some of the issues examined. A low level of knowledge about breast-feeding, particularly of health contraindications, is found. Indus…
Infant Formula Promotion and Infant-Feeding Practices, Bicol Region, Philippines
A 1978 household survey and a 1981 survey of stores and health facilities document the availability of breast milk substi- tutes, promotion of infant food and formula through the medical sector, and the effects of such promotion on the infant-feeding practices of mothers in the Bicol region of the Philippines.Breast milk substitutes were universally available in the region.Infant food and formula companies were active in the modern medical sector…
Determinants of Infant Feeding: A Household Production Approach
The Demand for Primary Health Services in the Third World
The Demand for Primary Health Services in the Third World
The Demand for Primary Health Care Services in the Bicol Region of the Philippines
Breastfeeding Patterns and Determinants in the Near East: An Analysis for Four Countries
Few detailed studies of the determinants of breastfeeding behaviour have been carried out, especially in the Middle East. We provide a comparative investigation of patterns and determinants of breastfeeding in four Middle East countries (Egypt, Jordan, Tunisia and Yemen) based on WFS data. Differences in factors influencing ever-breastfeeding, continuing breastfeeding from very short to moderate durations, and extending breastfeeding into the sec…
The demand for adult outpatient services in the Bicol region of the Philippines
Accessibility, quality of care and prenatal care use in the Philippines
Prelacteal feeding patterns in the Philippines
The neonatal period is one of great importance for infant survival in low income countries. Breast‐feeding, particularly feeding of colostrum, is recommended to be initiated as quickly as possible during this period. Much has been written about breast‐feeding patterns in low income countries. Nevertheless, few quantitative descriptions on feeding of the neonate are available. This study describes in detail patterns in the consumption of colostrum…
Child Spacing in the Philippines: The Effect of Current Characteristics and Rural Development
In this study the effects of characteristics current at the beginning of the birth interval on the time elapsing before the next birth are examined. The child-spacing process is viewed as affected by time-varying and fixed characteristics of the community, household, and individual. In the model on which the empirical research is based sociological and economic antecedents are used. The study is based on data from two panels of the Bicol Multipur…
Infant feeding in the Philippines: A cluster analysis approach
Lack of detailed infant dietary data, nutrient data bases and food pattern methodologies to describe complexities of the total diet has resulted in inadequate information on infant‐feeding patterns in low‐income countries. Customarily, infant diets have been reported in relation to nutrients or types of foods consumed (for example, fed breast milk or breast‐milk substitutes). This paper uses cluster analysis to differentiate feeding patterns for …
Prenatal care and pregnancy outcome in Cebu, Philippines
Breastfeeding trends in the Philippines, 1973 and 1983
This paper examines comparable national surveys of breastfeeding from the Philippines carried out in 1973 and 1983. The probability of breastfeeding at selected infant ages is estimated, using the weighted life table. The conclusions are that a 5 per cent decline in the proportion of infants ever breast-fed occurred during the referenced period, and that median length of breastfeeding remained essentially the same
Breast-feeding and Diarrheal Morbidity
This study used a unique longitudinal survey of more than 3000 mother-infant pairs observed from pregnancy through infancy. The sample is representative of infants from the Cebu region of the Philippines. The sequencing of breast-feeding and diarrheal morbidity events was carefully examined in a longitudinal analysis which allowed for the examination of age-specific effects of feeding patterns. Because the work controlled for a wide range of envi…
Infant formula promotion and the health sector in the Philippines
We use data collected in 1984, 1986, and 1988 from public and private health facilities in the Metropolitan Cebu area of the Philippines to assess effects of World Health Organization and Government of the Philippines Codes of Marketing of Breast Milk Substitutes on distribution of formula supplies. Distribution of free and low-cost infant formula declined drastically between 1986 and 1988. Industry compliance was almost complete
Medicine (167 works) · Environmental health (141 works) · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet (109 works) · Demography (81 works) · Economics (74 works) · Geography (74 works) · Obesity (68 works) · Population (66 works) · Nutritional Studies and Diet (58 works) · Overweight (39 works)