John Mielke
Biographic Data
| ID | 99681 |
|---|---|
| NAME | John Mielke |
| GIVEN NAMES | John |
| FAMILY NAME | Mielke |
| SIGNATURE | MIELKE J |
| AFFILIATIONS | North Carolina State University |
| ORCID | 0009-0002-9882-8254 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 19 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 34 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 19 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2002 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
T d/ Releases are strengthening among White speakers: Evidence from a large-scale acoustic study of English in Raleigh
The release and aspiration of word-final /t/ and /d/ are important sociolinguistic variables in American English because they have strong, contextually driven indexicality. Word-final /t d/ releases are usually coded impressionistically due to the absence of automated methods for identifying prepausal release bursts or aspiration. This paper introduces an automated method for identifying released tokens prepausally and for measuring phonetic prop…
Place typology and evolution of implosives in Indo-Aryan languages
It is widely known that implosives are prevalent in African languages. While Sindhi is considered a textbook example of implosives in Indo-Aryan, the exact distribution of implosives, their development, and place typology are still poorly understood. The present study investigates the typology and evolution of implosives in Indo-Aryan languages and shows that the relationship between implosion and place of articulation in these languages is diffe…
The emergence of bunched vowels from retroflex approximants in endangered Dardic languages
Kalasha, an endangered Dardic (Indo-Aryan) language, contrasts a rich set of rhotic vowels , a vowel type, which is found in less than 1% of the world’s languages. The acoustic and articulatory correlates of rhotic vowels, and their development and geographical distribution in Kalasha and other Indo-Iranian languages are still poorly understood. The current study brings together typological data on retroflex approximants and flaps in 192 Indo-Ira…
The Phonetic Development of American Raising in Eastern Ohio
Research Article| December 01 2021 3. The Phonetic Development of American Raising in Eastern Ohio Erik R. Thomas; Erik R. Thomas erik r. thomas is a professor at North Carolina State University. His research examines phonetic variation in regional and ethnic dialects. He is an author or editor of two previous volumes of Publication of the American Dialect Society. Most recently, he edited Mexican American English: Substrate Influence and the Bir…
An acoustic and articulatory study of rhotic and rhotic-nasal vowels of Kalasha
Visualizing phonetic segment frequencies with density-equalizing maps
A method is demonstrated for creating density-equalizing maps of IPA consonant and vowel charts, where the size of a cell in the chart reflects information such as the crosslinguistic frequency of the consonant or vowel. Transforming the IPA charts in such a way allows the visualization of interactions between phonetic features. Density-equalizing maps are used to illustrate a range of facts about consonant and vowel inventories, including the fr…
A theory of phonological features by San Duanmu
Reviewed by: A theory of phonological features by San Duanmu Jeff Mielke A theory of phonological features. By San Duanmu. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. Pp. xiv, 178. ISBN 9780199664962. $99 (Hb). In this book, San Duanmu proposes a minimal set of distinctive features to account for the segmental contrasts observed in phoneme inventories of about 1,000 languages. This is the first large-scale investigation of this type, and I think phono…
Individual-level contact limits phonological complexity: Evidence from bunched and retroflex /ɹ
We compare the complexity of idiosyncratic sound patterns involving American English /ɹ/ with the relative simplicity of clear/dark /l/-allophony patterns found in English and other languages. For /ɹ/, we report an ultrasound-based articulatory study of twenty-seven speakers of American English. Two speakers use only retroflex /ɹ/, sixteen use only bunched /ɹ/, and nine use both /ɹ/ types, with idiosyncratic allophonic distributions. These alloph…
Similarity in the generalization of implicitly learned sound patterns
It is likely that generalization of implicitly learned sound patterns to novel words and sounds is structured by a similarity metric, but how may this metric best be captured? We report on an experiment where participants were exposed to an artificial phonology, and frequency ratings were used to probe implicit abstraction of onset statistics. Non-words bearing an onset that was presented during initial exposure were subsequently rated most frequ…
A phonetically based metric of sound similarity
Thinking About Food, Drink, and Nutrition among Ninth Graders in the United States Midwest: A Case Study of Local Partnership Research
The Appleton Collaborative Nutrition Project (ACNP) was a community-driven effort to evaluate the longitudinal effects of an elementary school nutrition intervention and subsequent middle school nutrition programming in northeast Wisconsin. We report here on the nutritional culture component of the ACNP. Twenty-eight ninth grade students, half of whom had been exposed to the nutrition intervention, and half of whom had not, participated in a seri…
Articulation of the Kagayanen interdental approximant: An ultrasound study
The phonetic status of the (inter)dental approximant
The (inter)dental approximant is a little-studied speech sound in the Philippines and Western Australia. In this paper, we document the articulation of the sound, providing acoustic and video data from Kagayanen and Limos Kalinga, respectively. The sound is attested in at least fifteen languages. It is contrastive in five Western Australian languages, while in the Philippines it generally patterns as an allophone of /l/ but has emerged recently a…
Segment Inventories
The nature of speech sound inventories has been a focus of study by phonologists and phoneticians, facilitated in 1984 with the publication by Ian Maddieson of the UCLA Phonological Segment Inventory Database. This article gives an overview of the study of inventories and summarizes some of the major findings. Crosslinguistic comparison of inventories provides a window into the phonetic factors that shape languages, but also reflects non-linguist…
The Emergence of Distinctive Features
This book makes a fundamental contribution to phonology, linguistic typology, and the nature of the human language faculty. Distinctive features in phonology distinguish one meaningful sound from another. Since the mid-twentieth century they have been seen as a set characterizing all possible phonological distinctions and as an integral part of Universal Grammar, the innate language faculty underlying successive versions of Chomskyan generative t…
Ambivalence and ambiguity in laterals and nasals
Ambivalent segments are speech sounds whose cross-linguistic patterning is especially variable, creating contradictions for theories of universal distinctive features. This paper examines lateral liquids, whose [continuant] specification has been the subject of controversy because of their ability to pattern both with continuants and with non-continuants, and because phonetically they are situated in the contested ground between two different art…
Looking through opacity
1. Introduction Comparative Markedness deals with alternations which are problematic for classical Optimality Theory such as counterfeeding opacity. In Sea Dayak, for example, the distribution of nasal and oral vowels is generally predictable: after a nasal consonant, a vowel is typically nasal and after an oral consonant, the vowel is oral. However, an oral vowel also occurs after a nasal consonant just in case the consonant is optionally follow…
The Diachronic Influences of Perception: Experimental Evidence from Turkish
Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: General Session and Parasession on Phonetic Sources of Phonological Patterns: Synchronic and Diachronic Explanations (2003)
Turkish /h/ deletion: Evidence for the interplay of speech perception and phonology
It has been hypothesized that sounds which are less perceptible are more likely to be altered than more salient sounds, the rationale being that the loss of information resulting from a change in a sound which is difficult to perceive is not as great as the loss resulting from a change in a more salient sound. Kohler (1990) suggested that the tendency to reduce articulatory movements is countered by perceptual and social constraints, finding that…
Individual-level contact limits phonological complexity: Evidence from bunched and retroflex /ɹ
We compare the complexity of idiosyncratic sound patterns involving American English /ɹ/ with the relative simplicity of clear/dark /l/-allophony patterns found in English and other languages. For /ɹ/, we report an ultrasound-based articulatory study of twenty-seven speakers of American English. Two speakers use only retroflex /ɹ/, sixteen use only bunched /ɹ/, and nine use both /ɹ/ types, with idiosyncratic allophonic distributions. These alloph…
A phonetically based metric of sound similarity
Articulation of the Kagayanen interdental approximant: An ultrasound study
The phonetic status of the (inter)dental approximant
The (inter)dental approximant is a little-studied speech sound in the Philippines and Western Australia. In this paper, we document the articulation of the sound, providing acoustic and video data from Kagayanen and Limos Kalinga, respectively. The sound is attested in at least fifteen languages. It is contrastive in five Western Australian languages, while in the Philippines it generally patterns as an allophone of /l/ but has emerged recently a…
Visualizing phonetic segment frequencies with density-equalizing maps
A method is demonstrated for creating density-equalizing maps of IPA consonant and vowel charts, where the size of a cell in the chart reflects information such as the crosslinguistic frequency of the consonant or vowel. Transforming the IPA charts in such a way allows the visualization of interactions between phonetic features. Density-equalizing maps are used to illustrate a range of facts about consonant and vowel inventories, including the fr…
Segment Inventories
The nature of speech sound inventories has been a focus of study by phonologists and phoneticians, facilitated in 1984 with the publication by Ian Maddieson of the UCLA Phonological Segment Inventory Database. This article gives an overview of the study of inventories and summarizes some of the major findings. Crosslinguistic comparison of inventories provides a window into the phonetic factors that shape languages, but also reflects non-linguist…
Turkish /h/ deletion: Evidence for the interplay of speech perception and phonology
It has been hypothesized that sounds which are less perceptible are more likely to be altered than more salient sounds, the rationale being that the loss of information resulting from a change in a sound which is difficult to perceive is not as great as the loss resulting from a change in a more salient sound. Kohler (1990) suggested that the tendency to reduce articulatory movements is countered by perceptual and social constraints, finding that…
Looking through opacity
1. Introduction Comparative Markedness deals with alternations which are problematic for classical Optimality Theory such as counterfeeding opacity. In Sea Dayak, for example, the distribution of nasal and oral vowels is generally predictable: after a nasal consonant, a vowel is typically nasal and after an oral consonant, the vowel is oral. However, an oral vowel also occurs after a nasal consonant just in case the consonant is optionally follow…
The Diachronic Influences of Perception: Experimental Evidence from Turkish
Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: General Session and Parasession on Phonetic Sources of Phonological Patterns: Synchronic and Diachronic Explanations (2003)
Ambivalence and ambiguity in laterals and nasals
Ambivalent segments are speech sounds whose cross-linguistic patterning is especially variable, creating contradictions for theories of universal distinctive features. This paper examines lateral liquids, whose [continuant] specification has been the subject of controversy because of their ability to pattern both with continuants and with non-continuants, and because phonetically they are situated in the contested ground between two different art…
The Emergence of Distinctive Features
This book makes a fundamental contribution to phonology, linguistic typology, and the nature of the human language faculty. Distinctive features in phonology distinguish one meaningful sound from another. Since the mid-twentieth century they have been seen as a set characterizing all possible phonological distinctions and as an integral part of Universal Grammar, the innate language faculty underlying successive versions of Chomskyan generative t…
Segment Inventories
The nature of speech sound inventories has been a focus of study by phonologists and phoneticians, facilitated in 1984 with the publication by Ian Maddieson of the UCLA Phonological Segment Inventory Database. This article gives an overview of the study of inventories and summarizes some of the major findings. Crosslinguistic comparison of inventories provides a window into the phonetic factors that shape languages, but also reflects non-linguist…
The phonetic status of the (inter)dental approximant
The (inter)dental approximant is a little-studied speech sound in the Philippines and Western Australia. In this paper, we document the articulation of the sound, providing acoustic and video data from Kagayanen and Limos Kalinga, respectively. The sound is attested in at least fifteen languages. It is contrastive in five Western Australian languages, while in the Philippines it generally patterns as an allophone of /l/ but has emerged recently a…
Thinking About Food, Drink, and Nutrition among Ninth Graders in the United States Midwest: A Case Study of Local Partnership Research
The Appleton Collaborative Nutrition Project (ACNP) was a community-driven effort to evaluate the longitudinal effects of an elementary school nutrition intervention and subsequent middle school nutrition programming in northeast Wisconsin. We report here on the nutritional culture component of the ACNP. Twenty-eight ninth grade students, half of whom had been exposed to the nutrition intervention, and half of whom had not, participated in a seri…
Articulation of the Kagayanen interdental approximant: An ultrasound study
A phonetically based metric of sound similarity
Similarity in the generalization of implicitly learned sound patterns
It is likely that generalization of implicitly learned sound patterns to novel words and sounds is structured by a similarity metric, but how may this metric best be captured? We report on an experiment where participants were exposed to an artificial phonology, and frequency ratings were used to probe implicit abstraction of onset statistics. Non-words bearing an onset that was presented during initial exposure were subsequently rated most frequ…
Individual-level contact limits phonological complexity: Evidence from bunched and retroflex /ɹ
We compare the complexity of idiosyncratic sound patterns involving American English /ɹ/ with the relative simplicity of clear/dark /l/-allophony patterns found in English and other languages. For /ɹ/, we report an ultrasound-based articulatory study of twenty-seven speakers of American English. Two speakers use only retroflex /ɹ/, sixteen use only bunched /ɹ/, and nine use both /ɹ/ types, with idiosyncratic allophonic distributions. These alloph…
A theory of phonological features by San Duanmu
Reviewed by: A theory of phonological features by San Duanmu Jeff Mielke A theory of phonological features. By San Duanmu. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. Pp. xiv, 178. ISBN 9780199664962. $99 (Hb). In this book, San Duanmu proposes a minimal set of distinctive features to account for the segmental contrasts observed in phoneme inventories of about 1,000 languages. This is the first large-scale investigation of this type, and I think phono…
Visualizing phonetic segment frequencies with density-equalizing maps
A method is demonstrated for creating density-equalizing maps of IPA consonant and vowel charts, where the size of a cell in the chart reflects information such as the crosslinguistic frequency of the consonant or vowel. Transforming the IPA charts in such a way allows the visualization of interactions between phonetic features. Density-equalizing maps are used to illustrate a range of facts about consonant and vowel inventories, including the fr…
The Phonetic Development of American Raising in Eastern Ohio
Research Article| December 01 2021 3. The Phonetic Development of American Raising in Eastern Ohio Erik R. Thomas; Erik R. Thomas erik r. thomas is a professor at North Carolina State University. His research examines phonetic variation in regional and ethnic dialects. He is an author or editor of two previous volumes of Publication of the American Dialect Society. Most recently, he edited Mexican American English: Substrate Influence and the Bir…
An acoustic and articulatory study of rhotic and rhotic-nasal vowels of Kalasha
The emergence of bunched vowels from retroflex approximants in endangered Dardic languages
Kalasha, an endangered Dardic (Indo-Aryan) language, contrasts a rich set of rhotic vowels , a vowel type, which is found in less than 1% of the world’s languages. The acoustic and articulatory correlates of rhotic vowels, and their development and geographical distribution in Kalasha and other Indo-Iranian languages are still poorly understood. The current study brings together typological data on retroflex approximants and flaps in 192 Indo-Ira…
Place typology and evolution of implosives in Indo-Aryan languages
It is widely known that implosives are prevalent in African languages. While Sindhi is considered a textbook example of implosives in Indo-Aryan, the exact distribution of implosives, their development, and place typology are still poorly understood. The present study investigates the typology and evolution of implosives in Indo-Aryan languages and shows that the relationship between implosion and place of articulation in these languages is diffe…
T d/ Releases are strengthening among White speakers: Evidence from a large-scale acoustic study of English in Raleigh
The release and aspiration of word-final /t/ and /d/ are important sociolinguistic variables in American English because they have strong, contextually driven indexicality. Word-final /t d/ releases are usually coded impressionistically due to the absence of automated methods for identifying prepausal release bursts or aspiration. This paper introduces an automated method for identifying released tokens prepausally and for measuring phonetic prop…
Linguistics (15 works) · Phonetics and Phonology Research (15 works) · Computer Science (13 works) · Linguistic Variation and Morphology (13 works) · History (9 works) · Philosophy (9 works) · Psychology (9 works) · Phonology (8 works) · Speech Recognition and Synthesis (6 works) · Vowel (6 works)