James L Medoff
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1016197 |
|---|---|
| NOME | James L Medoff |
| PRENOMES | James L |
| SOBRENOME | Medoff |
| ASSINATURA | MEDOFF J L |
| AFILIAÇÕES | National Bureau of Economic Research |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 13 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 163 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 13 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1978 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1992 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Employers Large and Small
The Employer Size-Wage Effect
The authors consider six explanations for the positive relationship between employer size and wages: large employers (1) hire higher-quality workers, (2) offer inferior working conditions, (3) make more use of high wages to forestall unionization, (4) have more ability to pay high wages, (5) face smaller pools of applicants relative to vacancies, and (6) are less able to monitor their workers. They find some support for the first of these, but th…
What Do Unions Do
Reply to Freeman and Medoff
Reply to Reder
Length of Service and Promotions in Union and Nonunion Work Groups
This study provides evidence on the relative importance of seniority and ability in the promotion process in union and nonunion settings. The analysis is based on survey data collected from managers in a random sample of about 400 firms, supplemented by an examination of personnel records concerning the pattern of promotions in two manufacturing firms. The results show that, as expected, the weight assigned seniority is significantly greater in u…
Trade Unions and Productivity
Econometric investigations have yielded new evidence concerning collective bargaining's impact on productivity for workers of a given quality working with the same amount of capital. These findings indicate that in many sectors—in particular, manufacturing and construction—unionized work places are on average more productive than nonunion ones. This positive effect is not an immutable constant. For example, in the underground bituminous coal indu…
Length of Service and Layoffs in Union and Nonunion Work Groups
This paper presents survey evidence from about 200 firms that protection against job loss grows with employees' length of service even after controlling for the perceived net value of employees to the firm. As would be expected, senior workers are better protected against permanent layoff in union than in nonunion firms, but even in the absence of unionism, longer service generally translates into extra protection. Among the private sector hourly…
Substitution Between Production Labor and Other Inputs in Unionzed and Nonunionized Manufacturing
THE ease of substitution between labor and other factors of production is an important determinant of the elasticity of demand for labor and thus of the economic effects of unionism. All else the same, the greater the elasticity of substitution, the greater is the elasticity of derived demand and the greater the displacement of labor for a given union-induced wage increase. In sectors where this elasticity is large, unions are likely to be relati…
The Impact of the Percentage Organized on Union and Nonunion Wages
T HE impact of unions on wages is likely to depend on the extent to which they organize workers in the relevant product market.1 As the organization in a market increases, the opportunity for substituting nonunion for union products will be reduced, lowering the elasticity of demand for organized workers and the potential loss of employment for a given wage increase. As a result, the wages of union workers are likely to be higher, all else the sa…
Le syndicalisme à deux visages
[fre] Cette étude présente et compare l'exactitude des deux conceptions du syndicalisme aux Etats-Unis. D'après la conception « du monopole », les syndicats exercent une influence néfaste au sein des systèmes capitalistes avancés, augmentant les salaires de leurs adhérents au-dessus de ce qu'ils seraient autrement et renforçant ainsi le degré d'inefficience économique et d'inégalité. La seconde conception fait référence à l'approche institutionne…
New Estimates of Private Sector Unionism in the United States
Estimates the extent of unionism in the United States. Prerequisite for analysis of the economic effects of trade unions; Membership rates for occupational groups and geographical areas; Information on a principal establishment survey; Purpose of data derived from household surveys; Importance of membership data provided by unions. (Abstract copyright EBSCO.)
Trade Unions in the Production Process
In order to estimate the effects of unions on worker productivity, a Cobb-Douglas production function is modified so that unionization is included as a variable. The resulting functional form is similar to that used to isolate the effect of worker quality in previous studies. Using state by two-digit SIC observations for U.S. manufacturing, unionization is found to have a substantial positive effect on output per worker. However, this result depe…
The Employer Size-Wage Effect
The authors consider six explanations for the positive relationship between employer size and wages: large employers (1) hire higher-quality workers, (2) offer inferior working conditions, (3) make more use of high wages to forestall unionization, (4) have more ability to pay high wages, (5) face smaller pools of applicants relative to vacancies, and (6) are less able to monitor their workers. They find some support for the first of these, but th…
New Estimates of Private Sector Unionism in the United States
Estimates the extent of unionism in the United States. Prerequisite for analysis of the economic effects of trade unions; Membership rates for occupational groups and geographical areas; Information on a principal establishment survey; Purpose of data derived from household surveys; Importance of membership data provided by unions. (Abstract copyright EBSCO.)
Trade Unions in the Production Process
In order to estimate the effects of unions on worker productivity, a Cobb-Douglas production function is modified so that unionization is included as a variable. The resulting functional form is similar to that used to isolate the effect of worker quality in previous studies. Using state by two-digit SIC observations for U.S. manufacturing, unionization is found to have a substantial positive effect on output per worker. However, this result depe…
Length of Service and Promotions in Union and Nonunion Work Groups
This study provides evidence on the relative importance of seniority and ability in the promotion process in union and nonunion settings. The analysis is based on survey data collected from managers in a random sample of about 400 firms, supplemented by an examination of personnel records concerning the pattern of promotions in two manufacturing firms. The results show that, as expected, the weight assigned seniority is significantly greater in u…
Length of Service and Layoffs in Union and Nonunion Work Groups
This paper presents survey evidence from about 200 firms that protection against job loss grows with employees' length of service even after controlling for the perceived net value of employees to the firm. As would be expected, senior workers are better protected against permanent layoff in union than in nonunion firms, but even in the absence of unionism, longer service generally translates into extra protection. Among the private sector hourly…
What Do Unions Do
Trade Unions in the Production Process
In order to estimate the effects of unions on worker productivity, a Cobb-Douglas production function is modified so that unionization is included as a variable. The resulting functional form is similar to that used to isolate the effect of worker quality in previous studies. Using state by two-digit SIC observations for U.S. manufacturing, unionization is found to have a substantial positive effect on output per worker. However, this result depe…
New Estimates of Private Sector Unionism in the United States
Estimates the extent of unionism in the United States. Prerequisite for analysis of the economic effects of trade unions; Membership rates for occupational groups and geographical areas; Information on a principal establishment survey; Purpose of data derived from household surveys; Importance of membership data provided by unions. (Abstract copyright EBSCO.)
Le syndicalisme à deux visages
[fre] Cette étude présente et compare l'exactitude des deux conceptions du syndicalisme aux Etats-Unis. D'après la conception « du monopole », les syndicats exercent une influence néfaste au sein des systèmes capitalistes avancés, augmentant les salaires de leurs adhérents au-dessus de ce qu'ils seraient autrement et renforçant ainsi le degré d'inefficience économique et d'inégalité. La seconde conception fait référence à l'approche institutionne…
The Impact of the Percentage Organized on Union and Nonunion Wages
T HE impact of unions on wages is likely to depend on the extent to which they organize workers in the relevant product market.1 As the organization in a market increases, the opportunity for substituting nonunion for union products will be reduced, lowering the elasticity of demand for organized workers and the potential loss of employment for a given wage increase. As a result, the wages of union workers are likely to be higher, all else the sa…
Substitution Between Production Labor and Other Inputs in Unionzed and Nonunionized Manufacturing
THE ease of substitution between labor and other factors of production is an important determinant of the elasticity of demand for labor and thus of the economic effects of unionism. All else the same, the greater the elasticity of substitution, the greater is the elasticity of derived demand and the greater the displacement of labor for a given union-induced wage increase. In sectors where this elasticity is large, unions are likely to be relati…
Trade Unions and Productivity
Econometric investigations have yielded new evidence concerning collective bargaining's impact on productivity for workers of a given quality working with the same amount of capital. These findings indicate that in many sectors—in particular, manufacturing and construction—unionized work places are on average more productive than nonunion ones. This positive effect is not an immutable constant. For example, in the underground bituminous coal indu…
Length of Service and Layoffs in Union and Nonunion Work Groups
This paper presents survey evidence from about 200 firms that protection against job loss grows with employees' length of service even after controlling for the perceived net value of employees to the firm. As would be expected, senior workers are better protected against permanent layoff in union than in nonunion firms, but even in the absence of unionism, longer service generally translates into extra protection. Among the private sector hourly…
Reply to Freeman and Medoff
Reply to Reder
Length of Service and Promotions in Union and Nonunion Work Groups
This study provides evidence on the relative importance of seniority and ability in the promotion process in union and nonunion settings. The analysis is based on survey data collected from managers in a random sample of about 400 firms, supplemented by an examination of personnel records concerning the pattern of promotions in two manufacturing firms. The results show that, as expected, the weight assigned seniority is significantly greater in u…
What Do Unions Do
The Employer Size-Wage Effect
The authors consider six explanations for the positive relationship between employer size and wages: large employers (1) hire higher-quality workers, (2) offer inferior working conditions, (3) make more use of high wages to forestall unionization, (4) have more ability to pay high wages, (5) face smaller pools of applicants relative to vacancies, and (6) are less able to monitor their workers. They find some support for the first of these, but th…
Employers Large and Small
Labor Movements and Unions (9 obras) · Economics (8 obras) · Business (6 obras) · Labour economics (6 obras) · Computer Science (4 obras) · Political science (4 obras) · Anatomy (3 obras) · Anatomy (3 obras) · Labor market dynamics and wage inequality (3 obras) · Medicine (3 obras)