Bruno Overlaet
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 102786 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Bruno Overlaet |
| PRENOMES | Bruno |
| SOBRENOME | Overlaet |
| ASSINATURA | OVERLAET B |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Royal Museums of Art and History |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3109-5861 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 31 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 55 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 31 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1995 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
A note on the trident mark, stone worship and cult practices in Southeast Arabia
The worship of baetyls in antiquity is well documented in the Near East and the Mediterranean, archaeologically as well as historically. While such practices were also common in South‐East Arabia, the archaeological information on it is still very limited. A boulder carved with a ‘trident’ (a mark familiar from local Abiel coin issues), which came to light at the site of Mleiha, has a circular cavity on the side similar to those visible on stones…
Heirloom cylinder seals at Mleiha (Sharjah Emirate, UAE)
Very few cylinder seals are reported from South‐East Arabia. This paper reports on two cylinder seals that were found as heirlooms at Mleiha, UAE. The first is a Neo‐Assyrian seal with a ritual scene: kneeling worshippers around a tree of life. The second is a seal of local manufacture. The positioning of its image, a human figure holding an Arabian horned viper, is turned 90°, questioning whether it was ever used as a seal or rather worn as an a…
Sasanian copper and billon coins from the collections of the Royal Museums of Art and History, Brussels, Belgium—insights using semi-quantitative analysis by μXRF
The provenance of early Iron Age ferrous remains from southeastern Arabia
Plant ash glass from first century CE Dibba, U.A.E
Novel analytical protocols for elemental and isotopic analysis of lead coins-Sasanian lead coins as a case study
Glass and glass production in the Oman peninsula in antiquity reconsidered – chemical and mineralogical investigation of sands
A batch of green‐ and amber‐coloured glass chunks and unguentaria dating from the first century CE was found in 2007 at Dibba al Hisn, a site on the Arabian Sea coast of the United Arab Emirates ( UAE ). Its elemental and isotopic composition revealed the glass to be of a previously unknown plant ash glass type, different from known contemporary Roman, Mesopotamian, and Indian glass. The Sr isotopic composition of the glass corresponds to locally…
A late pre‐Islamic bowl with Levantine‐inspired decoration from ed‐Dur ( UAE )
Around 1977 the British engineer Peter Hudson found a corroded copper alloy bowl during a walk c .100–150 m south‐east of the ed‐Dur fort in Umm al‐Qaiwain. Ed‐Dur is one of the largest and most extensively explored sites along the UAE Gulf coast. Its main occupation dates from the late first century BCE to the early second century CE ( PIR , Période préislamique récente , C). After cleaning, the bowl showed profuse engraved and repoussé decorati…
Methodologies for the investigation of corroded iron objects
Ancient iron objects from early Iron Age archaeological sites are almost always severely corroded, which can severely limit the possibilities for their archaeometallurgical analysis. In this paper, a range of corroded iron objects from different sites and regions of the ancient Near East are investigated with the purpose of developing an integrated scientific approach to the investigation of such materials, outlining the capabilities and major te…
An Aramaic−Hasaitic bilingual inscription from a monumental tomb at Mleiha, Sharjah, UAE
Excavations of a monumental tomb in Area F at Mleiha have revealed a lime‐plaster funerary stele with an Aramaic and Hasaitic inscription. The excavation of the tomb was not completed but a preliminary report on the tomb and a discussion of the text is presented. The inscription states that the tomb was built by the deceased's son and mentions the date and his name, family lineage and function in the service of the King of ʿUmān
Late pre‐Islamic burials at Mleiha, Emirate of Sharjah ( UAE )
The history of two monumental grave buildings (nos. 4 and 5), excavated in area P of the late pre‐Islamic city of Mleiha, has been studied in detail. Like all other tombs excavated up to the present day in Mleiha, their chambers had been emptied in ancient times. They were found devoid of human remains and grave‐goods. In the upper parts of the grave fills, however, skeletal remains were encountered. One of the skeletons was radiocarbon dated to …
Rhodian amphora stamps found in Mleiha (Sharjah, UAE)
To date Mleiha has yielded eighteen stamps belonging to Rhodian wine amphorae. Eleven of these can be dated to the second half of the third and the first half of the second centuries BC. Rhodian stamps are vital for the chronological framework of the PIR-A period at Mleiha. Most of them, if not all, belonged to funerary contexts but were unfortunately rarely found in undisturbed contexts. The stamp types of the eponym Ἀριστεύς and of the fabrican…
Luristan During the Iron Age
"Iran's heritage is as varied as it is complex, and the archaeological, philological, and linguistic scholarship of the region has not been the focus of a comprehensive study for many decades. The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Iran provides up-to-date, authoritative essays on a wide range of topics extending from the earliest Paleolithic settlements in the Pleistocene era to the Arab conquest in the 7th century AD. The volume, authored by specialist…
Flower and Fire Altar
The Sasanian rock reliefs at Barm-i Dilak are known in western literature since the 17 th century but their interpretation still remains a matter of debate. Crucial in their understanding is the correct identification of the iconography. At Barm-i Dilak I a man presents a flower to a woman. The identification of the flower is, however, still debated. It is now identified as the flower of an iris, possibly the Iris persicus. Barm-i Dilak II repres…
Bronze and Iron Age Pottery from the Ilam Graveyard (Pusht-i Kuh, Iran)
In 1976, Mr. Mahmoud Kordovani, of the Iranian Center for Archaeological Research, conducted a rescue excavation in the town of Ilam, capital of the province with the same name. This region is known in archaeological literature as Pusht-i Kuh. Several tombs were discovered. The oldest material belongs to the initial phase of the Early Bronze Age. The majority, however, can be attributed to the Iron Age, more particularly to phases IA and IIB in t…
A Roman Emperor at Bishapur and Darabgird
The Roman emperors on the rock reliefs of Shapur I at Darabgird and Bishapur are traditionally identified as Gordianus 111, Philippus Arabs and Valerianus. The foreign delegations / prisoners on the Bishapur III relief have been interpreted as a reference to both the Roman Empire and the Eastern frontiers of the Sasanian Empire (Kushan). These references are evaluated and an alternative interpretation is considered. The Bishapur III Sculpture is …
A Himyarite diplomatic mission to the Sasanian court of Bahram II depicted at Bishapur
Rock relief IV at Bishapur, Iran, depicts the Sasanian king Bahram II (AD 276–293) who meets an Arab diplomatic mission with horses and dromedaries. An inscription from the Mahram Bilqis temple near Marib mentions a diplomatic mission sent by Shammar Yuhar’ish to Ctesiphon and Seleucia. Based on the events mentioned in the inscription, this mission is now dated to the beginning of Bahram II’s reign. This date agrees with the stylistic dating that…
The Sasanian Rock Relief of Bahram II at Guyum (Fars, Iran)
The rock carving at Guyum is know since the early 2Oth century but did not receive full attention yet. Situated to the north of Shiraz, it can be attributed to the reign of the Sasanian king Bahram II. The panel depicts the standing king Bahram II in full, in a venerating position with bent forefinger and holding a sword with his left hand. A detailed discussion is presented as well a several unpublished photographs
Altar Shrines and Fire Altars
Buildings with two doors and horn-shaped battlements figure on the reverse of early frataraka coins of the 1 st. half of the 2 nd. cent. BCE (first coins); similar buildings but with two large stepped crenellations on the comers are shown on the coins of the second phase. In a third phase fire altars were represented. Contrary to other scholars, the authors do not believe that the building shown on the early coins is closely related to the tower-…
Great Balls of Fire
Metallic nodules found in the Siyalk II settlement and in Iron Age III tombs in Luristan, Iran, were identified by the excavators as meteorites. However, these identifications must be questioned. The Siyalk nodules could be of telluric origin. The four Luristan specimens are identified as pyrite nodules. It is suggested that such nodules were used for fire-making, although other functions such as a use as sling balls are not to be excluded either
An Archaeo-Metallurgical Study of the Early and Middle Bronze Age in Luristan, Iran
Copper-base artefacts from Bronze Age have been analysed for their chemical composition and the isotopic composition of their lead. We find no significant systematic differences between a group of objects recovered in the Pusht- i Kuh region in the course of controlled excavations during the Belgian Archaeo- logical Mission in Iran (BAMI) and a second group of artefacts from the Louvre Museum which were acquired on the art market. According to th…
The Archaeometallurgy of War Kabud, Western Iran
Radio-Carbon Dated Silk Road Samites in the Collection of Katoen Natie, Antwerp
Soundings at Tall-i Kamin (Kur River basin), Fars, Iran
The Belgian archaeologist Louis Vanden Berghe excavated at Tall-i Kamin in Fars during his surveys of the Marv Dasht in 1952 and 1955. He found sherds and vessels and excavated 4 graves with pottery and bronze items belonging to the Shogha-Taimuran cultural phase. The present paper sketches the context of his research and presents the complete data on these soundings as far as they could be retrieved from the excavator's original files. Some of t…
Pfister's Sassanian Cocks Tapestry Reconsidered
Pfister's Sassanian Cocks Tapestry Reconsidered
L'auteur propose dans un premier temps une description et un commentaire technique de six pieces de tapisserie de la collection de Rodolphe Pfister, aujourd'hui conservees a la Bibliotheque Vaticane, et attribuees a la periode sassanide (7e s. apr. J.-C.) par ce dernier. Il tente ensuite, d'apres une etude des motifs de ces oeuvres dans le contexte de l'histoire de l'art perse, de determiner une chronologie precise de leur fabrication, a savoir p…
The provenance of early Iron Age ferrous remains from southeastern Arabia
The Chronology of the Iron Age in the Pusht-i Kuh, Luristan
The Belgian Archaeological Mission in Iran or “BAMI” was able to work in Luristan during many years on end. The BAMI was a joint initiative of Ghent University and The Royal Museums of Art and History, Brussels, and worked in close collaboration with the Iranian Archaeological Services. From 1965 until 1979, it was directed by the late Louis Vanden Berghe. During these 14 years, the BAMI managed to undertake extensive surveys and excavations in t…
Novel analytical protocols for elemental and isotopic analysis of lead coins-Sasanian lead coins as a case study
An Aramaic−Hasaitic bilingual inscription from a monumental tomb at Mleiha, Sharjah, UAE
Excavations of a monumental tomb in Area F at Mleiha have revealed a lime‐plaster funerary stele with an Aramaic and Hasaitic inscription. The excavation of the tomb was not completed but a preliminary report on the tomb and a discussion of the text is presented. The inscription states that the tomb was built by the deceased's son and mentions the date and his name, family lineage and function in the service of the King of ʿUmān
Finds from Khatunban B, Badavar valley (Luristan) in the Iran Bastan Museum, Teheran
In the 1970’s there were rumours that villagers were illegally excavating tombs at Khatunban in the Badavar valley of Luristan, some 25 km. south of Harsin. During these activities a rare decorated bronze horse-bit had been found (pl. 5). This object was confiscated and deposited in the Iran Bastan Museum, Teheran. The former ICAR or Iranian Center for Archaeological Research, planned rescue excavations at Khatunban and Mr. Ali Akbar Sarfaraz was…
A late pre‐Islamic bowl with Levantine‐inspired decoration from ed‐Dur ( UAE )
Around 1977 the British engineer Peter Hudson found a corroded copper alloy bowl during a walk c .100–150 m south‐east of the ed‐Dur fort in Umm al‐Qaiwain. Ed‐Dur is one of the largest and most extensively explored sites along the UAE Gulf coast. Its main occupation dates from the late first century BCE to the early second century CE ( PIR , Période préislamique récente , C). After cleaning, the bowl showed profuse engraved and repoussé decorati…
Late pre‐Islamic burials at Mleiha, Emirate of Sharjah ( UAE )
The history of two monumental grave buildings (nos. 4 and 5), excavated in area P of the late pre‐Islamic city of Mleiha, has been studied in detail. Like all other tombs excavated up to the present day in Mleiha, their chambers had been emptied in ancient times. They were found devoid of human remains and grave‐goods. In the upper parts of the grave fills, however, skeletal remains were encountered. One of the skeletons was radiocarbon dated to …
A Roman Emperor at Bishapur and Darabgird
The Roman emperors on the rock reliefs of Shapur I at Darabgird and Bishapur are traditionally identified as Gordianus 111, Philippus Arabs and Valerianus. The foreign delegations / prisoners on the Bishapur III relief have been interpreted as a reference to both the Roman Empire and the Eastern frontiers of the Sasanian Empire (Kushan). These references are evaluated and an alternative interpretation is considered. The Bishapur III Sculpture is …
Rhodian amphora stamps found in Mleiha (Sharjah, UAE)
To date Mleiha has yielded eighteen stamps belonging to Rhodian wine amphorae. Eleven of these can be dated to the second half of the third and the first half of the second centuries BC. Rhodian stamps are vital for the chronological framework of the PIR-A period at Mleiha. Most of them, if not all, belonged to funerary contexts but were unfortunately rarely found in undisturbed contexts. The stamp types of the eponym Ἀριστεύς and of the fabrican…
Luristan During the Iron Age
"Iran's heritage is as varied as it is complex, and the archaeological, philological, and linguistic scholarship of the region has not been the focus of a comprehensive study for many decades. The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Iran provides up-to-date, authoritative essays on a wide range of topics extending from the earliest Paleolithic settlements in the Pleistocene era to the Arab conquest in the 7th century AD. The volume, authored by specialist…
Soundings at Tall-i Kamin (Kur River basin), Fars, Iran
The Belgian archaeologist Louis Vanden Berghe excavated at Tall-i Kamin in Fars during his surveys of the Marv Dasht in 1952 and 1955. He found sherds and vessels and excavated 4 graves with pottery and bronze items belonging to the Shogha-Taimuran cultural phase. The present paper sketches the context of his research and presents the complete data on these soundings as far as they could be retrieved from the excavator's original files. Some of t…
A Chieftain's Folding Stool and the Cheragh Ali Tepe Problem
L'A. etudie un tabouret pliant provenant d'une tombe sassanide de Cheragh Ali Tepe, actuellement Marlik Tepe en Iran et conserve au Royal Museum d'Art et d'Histoire de Bruxelles sous le numero d'inventaire IR 1316. Les recherches ont ete menees essentiellement par des archeologues japonais. Des lances, des poignards, des casques ont ete egalement mis a jour. L'objet est en fer decore d'elements vegetaux et geometriques en argent. La technique de …
Pfister's Sassanian Cocks Tapestry Reconsidered
L'auteur propose dans un premier temps une description et un commentaire technique de six pieces de tapisserie de la collection de Rodolphe Pfister, aujourd'hui conservees a la Bibliotheque Vaticane, et attribuees a la periode sassanide (7e s. apr. J.-C.) par ce dernier. Il tente ensuite, d'apres une etude des motifs de ces oeuvres dans le contexte de l'histoire de l'art perse, de determiner une chronologie precise de leur fabrication, a savoir p…
A Report on the 1952 and 1954/55 Soundings at Tall-i taimuran (Fars), Iran
Dans cet article, l'auteur presente l'ensemble des informations et du materiel archeologique (ceramique, objets en argile et en bronze) issus de tombes decouvertes lors de sondages realises en 1952 et 1954-55 par L. Vanden Berghe, sur le site de Tall-i Taimuran. Ce site devint alors le site-type pour l'etablissement de la chronologie des cultures Taimuran IV (Tall-i Qaleh), III (Tall-i Shuga), II (A) et I (B) qui se sont developpees au IIe et au …
Finds from Khatunban B, Badavar valley (Luristan) in the Iran Bastan Museum, Teheran
In the 1970’s there were rumours that villagers were illegally excavating tombs at Khatunban in the Badavar valley of Luristan, some 25 km. south of Harsin. During these activities a rare decorated bronze horse-bit had been found (pl. 5). This object was confiscated and deposited in the Iran Bastan Museum, Teheran. The former ICAR or Iranian Center for Archaeological Research, planned rescue excavations at Khatunban and Mr. Ali Akbar Sarfaraz was…
Pfister's Sassanian Cocks Tapestry Reconsidered
A Report on the 1952 and 1954/55 Soundings at Tall-i taimuran (Fars), Iran
The Chronology of the Iron Age in the Pusht-i Kuh, Luristan
The Belgian Archaeological Mission in Iran or “BAMI” was able to work in Luristan during many years on end. The BAMI was a joint initiative of Ghent University and The Royal Museums of Art and History, Brussels, and worked in close collaboration with the Iranian Archaeological Services. From 1965 until 1979, it was directed by the late Louis Vanden Berghe. During these 14 years, the BAMI managed to undertake extensive surveys and excavations in t…
The Archaeometallurgy of War Kabud, Western Iran
Radio-Carbon Dated Silk Road Samites in the Collection of Katoen Natie, Antwerp
Soundings at Tall-i Kamin (Kur River basin), Fars, Iran
The Belgian archaeologist Louis Vanden Berghe excavated at Tall-i Kamin in Fars during his surveys of the Marv Dasht in 1952 and 1955. He found sherds and vessels and excavated 4 graves with pottery and bronze items belonging to the Shogha-Taimuran cultural phase. The present paper sketches the context of his research and presents the complete data on these soundings as far as they could be retrieved from the excavator's original files. Some of t…
Altar Shrines and Fire Altars
Buildings with two doors and horn-shaped battlements figure on the reverse of early frataraka coins of the 1 st. half of the 2 nd. cent. BCE (first coins); similar buildings but with two large stepped crenellations on the comers are shown on the coins of the second phase. In a third phase fire altars were represented. Contrary to other scholars, the authors do not believe that the building shown on the early coins is closely related to the tower-…
Great Balls of Fire
Metallic nodules found in the Siyalk II settlement and in Iron Age III tombs in Luristan, Iran, were identified by the excavators as meteorites. However, these identifications must be questioned. The Siyalk nodules could be of telluric origin. The four Luristan specimens are identified as pyrite nodules. It is suggested that such nodules were used for fire-making, although other functions such as a use as sling balls are not to be excluded either
An Archaeo-Metallurgical Study of the Early and Middle Bronze Age in Luristan, Iran
Copper-base artefacts from Bronze Age have been analysed for their chemical composition and the isotopic composition of their lead. We find no significant systematic differences between a group of objects recovered in the Pusht- i Kuh region in the course of controlled excavations during the Belgian Archaeo- logical Mission in Iran (BAMI) and a second group of artefacts from the Louvre Museum which were acquired on the art market. According to th…
A Roman Emperor at Bishapur and Darabgird
The Roman emperors on the rock reliefs of Shapur I at Darabgird and Bishapur are traditionally identified as Gordianus 111, Philippus Arabs and Valerianus. The foreign delegations / prisoners on the Bishapur III relief have been interpreted as a reference to both the Roman Empire and the Eastern frontiers of the Sasanian Empire (Kushan). These references are evaluated and an alternative interpretation is considered. The Bishapur III Sculpture is …
A Himyarite diplomatic mission to the Sasanian court of Bahram II depicted at Bishapur
Rock relief IV at Bishapur, Iran, depicts the Sasanian king Bahram II (AD 276–293) who meets an Arab diplomatic mission with horses and dromedaries. An inscription from the Mahram Bilqis temple near Marib mentions a diplomatic mission sent by Shammar Yuhar’ish to Ctesiphon and Seleucia. Based on the events mentioned in the inscription, this mission is now dated to the beginning of Bahram II’s reign. This date agrees with the stylistic dating that…
The Sasanian Rock Relief of Bahram II at Guyum (Fars, Iran)
The rock carving at Guyum is know since the early 2Oth century but did not receive full attention yet. Situated to the north of Shiraz, it can be attributed to the reign of the Sasanian king Bahram II. The panel depicts the standing king Bahram II in full, in a venerating position with bent forefinger and holding a sword with his left hand. A detailed discussion is presented as well a several unpublished photographs
Flower and Fire Altar
The Sasanian rock reliefs at Barm-i Dilak are known in western literature since the 17 th century but their interpretation still remains a matter of debate. Crucial in their understanding is the correct identification of the iconography. At Barm-i Dilak I a man presents a flower to a woman. The identification of the flower is, however, still debated. It is now identified as the flower of an iris, possibly the Iris persicus. Barm-i Dilak II repres…
Bronze and Iron Age Pottery from the Ilam Graveyard (Pusht-i Kuh, Iran)
In 1976, Mr. Mahmoud Kordovani, of the Iranian Center for Archaeological Research, conducted a rescue excavation in the town of Ilam, capital of the province with the same name. This region is known in archaeological literature as Pusht-i Kuh. Several tombs were discovered. The oldest material belongs to the initial phase of the Early Bronze Age. The majority, however, can be attributed to the Iron Age, more particularly to phases IA and IIB in t…
Rhodian amphora stamps found in Mleiha (Sharjah, UAE)
To date Mleiha has yielded eighteen stamps belonging to Rhodian wine amphorae. Eleven of these can be dated to the second half of the third and the first half of the second centuries BC. Rhodian stamps are vital for the chronological framework of the PIR-A period at Mleiha. Most of them, if not all, belonged to funerary contexts but were unfortunately rarely found in undisturbed contexts. The stamp types of the eponym Ἀριστεύς and of the fabrican…
Luristan During the Iron Age
"Iran's heritage is as varied as it is complex, and the archaeological, philological, and linguistic scholarship of the region has not been the focus of a comprehensive study for many decades. The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Iran provides up-to-date, authoritative essays on a wide range of topics extending from the earliest Paleolithic settlements in the Pleistocene era to the Arab conquest in the 7th century AD. The volume, authored by specialist…
Late pre‐Islamic burials at Mleiha, Emirate of Sharjah ( UAE )
The history of two monumental grave buildings (nos. 4 and 5), excavated in area P of the late pre‐Islamic city of Mleiha, has been studied in detail. Like all other tombs excavated up to the present day in Mleiha, their chambers had been emptied in ancient times. They were found devoid of human remains and grave‐goods. In the upper parts of the grave fills, however, skeletal remains were encountered. One of the skeletons was radiocarbon dated to …
An Aramaic−Hasaitic bilingual inscription from a monumental tomb at Mleiha, Sharjah, UAE
Excavations of a monumental tomb in Area F at Mleiha have revealed a lime‐plaster funerary stele with an Aramaic and Hasaitic inscription. The excavation of the tomb was not completed but a preliminary report on the tomb and a discussion of the text is presented. The inscription states that the tomb was built by the deceased's son and mentions the date and his name, family lineage and function in the service of the King of ʿUmān
Methodologies for the investigation of corroded iron objects
Ancient iron objects from early Iron Age archaeological sites are almost always severely corroded, which can severely limit the possibilities for their archaeometallurgical analysis. In this paper, a range of corroded iron objects from different sites and regions of the ancient Near East are investigated with the purpose of developing an integrated scientific approach to the investigation of such materials, outlining the capabilities and major te…
Glass and glass production in the Oman peninsula in antiquity reconsidered – chemical and mineralogical investigation of sands
A batch of green‐ and amber‐coloured glass chunks and unguentaria dating from the first century CE was found in 2007 at Dibba al Hisn, a site on the Arabian Sea coast of the United Arab Emirates ( UAE ). Its elemental and isotopic composition revealed the glass to be of a previously unknown plant ash glass type, different from known contemporary Roman, Mesopotamian, and Indian glass. The Sr isotopic composition of the glass corresponds to locally…
A late pre‐Islamic bowl with Levantine‐inspired decoration from ed‐Dur ( UAE )
Around 1977 the British engineer Peter Hudson found a corroded copper alloy bowl during a walk c .100–150 m south‐east of the ed‐Dur fort in Umm al‐Qaiwain. Ed‐Dur is one of the largest and most extensively explored sites along the UAE Gulf coast. Its main occupation dates from the late first century BCE to the early second century CE ( PIR , Période préislamique récente , C). After cleaning, the bowl showed profuse engraved and repoussé decorati…
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