G Ainsworth Harrison
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 102916 |
|---|---|
| NOME | G Ainsworth Harrison |
| PRENOMES | G Ainsworth |
| SOBRENOME | Harrison |
| ASSINATURA | HARRISON G A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Oxford |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 90 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 77 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 90 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1958 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Recommendations for Integrating a Social Justice Framework into Clinical Practice
Social justice is a frequently used buzz word yet an abstract concept in clinical training. As a result, there is minimal guidance on how to implement social justice in clinical practice, which leads to training gaps, uncertainty, and discomfort among clinicians serving historically oppressed populations. This study examined how to integrate the social justice principles of community psychology into clinical psychology practice among doctoral stu…
A Life of Research in Biological Anthropology
I much appreciated being invited to write a contribution for this journal, but initially presumed that what was required was a comprehensive review of some major issue in biological anthropology. Indeed I drafted a contribution on the history of the subject during the second part of the twentieth century. I was then firmly told that this was not what was wanted, rather something much more autobiographical. Well that is what you have got: an extre…
Components of length growth variation in infants from the same population but different environments
Growth in length of infants in Khartoum is profoundly related to whether or not their mothers are in paid employment. Some of this relationship appears to be due to levels of infectious disease, which are much higher in the infants of working mothers. Exponential decay curves do not fit longitudinal measurements of length growth particularly well in either group of infants, but they do yield distinctive temporal patterns of residuals. Simulation …
Growth of specific muscle strength between 6 and 18 years in contrasting socioeconomic conditions
The influence of sex, age, and socioeconomic conditions on specific grip strength of 6–18‐year‐old individuals was studied among 1,704 males and 1,956 females belonging to the so‐called “Cape Coloured” community in the western part of South Africa. Half of the participants of both sexes came from communities in the Greater Cape Town area where living conditions are comparable to those of middle‐class First World communities (high SES). The other …
Ovarian impairments of female recreational distance runners during a season of training
This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between the level of training and the impairment of ovarian function among female recreational distance runners, and its reversibility. Thirty-six female distance runners self-recorded, for 7 consecutive days each month, the duration and distance of daily running from October 1989 to May 1990 in Great Britain. During the last 3 months of the survey, saliva samples were taken for progester…
Variation in epinephrine and cortisol excretion rates associated with behavior in an Australian Aboriginal community
Urinary epinephrine and cortisol hormone output in a remote Australian Aboriginal community was on average about twice as high in those individuals measured on a Thursday or Friday as those measured at the beginning of the next week (Monday or Tuesday). Diastolic blood pressure was about 6 mm Hg higher in the Thursday-Friday group, but the difference in mean systolic blood pressure between the day groups does not reach statistical significance. T…
The Tebessa Codex
The impact of caste on the growth of male Sikhs in Punjab, India
This study is based on a cross-sectional sample of 442 Sikh boys and young male adults who were born in and around the town of Phagwara, in the state of Punjab, India, and stayed there all their lives. The sample comprised Sikh boys at three crucial phases of growth, at 5-6, 10-11 and 15-16 years, and young adults around 18 years of age. The sample comprised three distinct caste groups, viz. Jats, Ramgarhias and Ravidassias, belonging respectivel…
Effects of early disease on later growth, and early growth on later disease, in Khartoum infants
Longitudinal data of monthly length and weight measurements, and fortnightly infectious disease records of 167 infants in Khartoum townships, have been examined to determine: (1) whether disease experience in the first 6 months of life is related to growth in the second 6 months and (2) whether growth in the first period is related to disease experience in the second. Using regression techniques to allow for disease measure correlations in the tw…
Introduction
Concern over world population growth has led to many investigations of human fertility including, on a global scale, the ‘ World Fertility Survey ’. We certainly now know much more about the detailed nature of the ‘ population problem ’ than we did just a few years ago. But there are limitations to the broad-scale demographic methods which have been mainly used, especially in identifying the actual causes for fertility patterns, which are typical…
Impact of migration, environment and socioeconomic conditions on the physique of Sikhs
This study is based on a cross-sectional sample of 459 Sikh adults, male and female, from three castes representing three levels of socioeconomic affluence. The sedentes group stayed all their lives in the native state of Punjab, India; the migrant group completed their active physical growth in the Punjab and left for the UK at around 20 years of age. The pattern of stature, weight, BMI and skinfolds in both groups reflects their level of socioe…
The biology of everyday living
The need for documenting details of lifestyle is argued, particularly from the results of studying the everyday life of Oxfordshire villagers. Relationships between lifestyle and well-being are sought through examination of characteristics of sleep and stress hormone excretion. It is concluded that although epinephrine and cortisol outputs show many relationships with lifestyle in various populations, they are poor measures of well-being. Sleep l…
Patterns of Cortisol and Adrenaline Variation in Australian Aboriginal Communities of the Kimberley Region
Urinary cortisol and adrenaline excretion rates were measured in three Australian Aboriginal communities in the Kimberley region in the north-west of the country. The three communities, Derby, Kalumburu and Kupungarri, differ in size and remoteness and some lifestyle parameters. Cortisol excretion rate is associated with age and urine flow rate, but there is no association with smoking or the consumption of alcohol. All three communities show ver…
Comparative length and weight growth in Khartoum infants
First-year postnatal growth of supine length and body weight of a group of Khartoum infants is analysed in terms of the correlation coefficients between birth dimension on the one hand and (1) subsequent distance growth at monthly intervals and (2) the 11-monthly increments on the other. It is shown that the whole of the first-year length growth is dominated by catch-up/catch-down processes which must equally affect the infants. Weight growth is …
Home–school differences in stress hormone levels in a group of Oxford primary schoolchildren
Twenty-three girls and thirteen boys, aged between 4 and 9 years, gave urine samples which were measured by HPLC for adrenaline, noradrenaline, cortisol and cortisone on a school day and on a home day. Home levels of noradrenaline, cortisol and cortistone were consistently higher than school levels. Cortisol was positively correlated with adrenaline and noradrenaline at home, but not at school. These results may suggest that the school day repres…
A path analysis of some determinants of infant growth in Khartoum
The interrelationships between some socioeconomic and behavioural characteristics of mothers and the growth and illness experience of their infants in poor Khartoum townships have been examined by path analysis. For both infant body weight and supine length it is shown that weaning age and illness experience are important determinants of growth. It is also shown that greater maternal income has disadvantageous effects through encouraging early we…
Some determinants of population variation in cortisol levels in a British urban community
Urinary cortisol excretion rates were determined from three urine samples given over 2 days, a rest day and a working day, by 51 men and 50 women. Each subject also completed a questionnaire relating to life style factors and to perceived levels of stress, busyness and happiness on each day. In men, an association between raised cortisol and high levels of stress was found. In women, high levels of busyness were associated with low cortisol excre…
Human fertility studies under field conditions
Human fertility is part of biological anthropology embracing human population biology devoted to the analysis of the nature, caused, origin, and development of human variation at molecular, cellular, and whole body levels. The successful outcome of human fertility depends on the interactions of biochemical, physiological, and psychological processes whose disturbance results in slight variations in behavior and even total infertility. The Hutteri…
Comparative variability and interval correlation in linear growth of Hong Kong and Sudanese infants
Growth in length of children during the first 10 months of life in Hong Kong and Khartoum is compared in terms of levels of between-child variability and length and increment correlations. In Khartoum, all measures of variability are strikingly greater, and correlational patterns differ strikingly from those in Hong Kong. Growth in Hong Kong can be explained largely in terms of a mixture of genetic determination and short-term homeostatic cycles.…
Piltdown
Marital distance and child variability
The effects of marital distance on the mean and variance of child stature and weight were investigated using the British National Child Development Study data. Children of large marital distance unions had mean values as predicted from mid-parent values and did not exhibit a hybrid vigour effect. However, they did show reduced levels of variability and this effect was most marked at 16 years, although it was also present at 7 and 11 years of age.…
Famine
On correlations between adjacent velocities and accelerations in longitudinal growth data
Correlations are examined between adjacent velocity and acceleration growth in stature, weight and skinfold thickness in a group of adolescent boys measured approximately quarterly. It is concluded that some substantial component of the variability behaves rather like measurement error, and this is likely to represent negative feedback homeostasis
Short-term variations in stature growth in Ethiopian and English children
Two groups of young children, one in Addis Ababa and one in Oxford, were measured every calendar month for 6 months. Changes in their stature variability, as evidenced by increasing measurement interval length, are here compared. There is evidence for substantially greater variability in the Addis Ababa children. When the variability is expressed as coefficients of variation both groups show a marked decline with interval length, presumably as co…
Constitutional and Life style Effects on Urinary Steroid and Catecholamine Levels
An HPLC hormonal analysis of 4-hour urine samples, collected on 5 workdays and 1 restday, was undertaken among staff and students at an academic institute. Inter-individual differences were greater than intra-individual differences for adrenaline, cortisol and cortisone during workdays. In adrenaline personal consistency was maintained even on the restday, indicating a strong constitutional effect. The same was true of cortisone. Personal consist…
Variation in lifestyle characteristics and catecholamine excretion rates among young Western Samoan men
Piltdown
Comparative spectrophotometry of skin colour with EEL and photovolt instruments
A study has been made of the comparability of the two reflectance spectrophotometers, EEL and Photovolt, which have been most widely used for measuring variation in human skin colour. From samples of Negroes, Indians, and Europeans measured with both instruments various conversion equations have been calculated using a “least squares” method
Biological Aspects of Human Migration
This is a collection of eight papers by different authors on the biological and genetic implications of human migration. The book synthesises the biological consequences of changed environments on the migrants and the genetic impact of immigration on the host populations. Patterns of migration past and present and genetic epidemiological and demographic consequences are considered....Individual chapters deal with the peopling of the continents mi…
The Structure of Human Populations
A Life of Research in Biological Anthropology
I much appreciated being invited to write a contribution for this journal, but initially presumed that what was required was a comprehensive review of some major issue in biological anthropology. Indeed I drafted a contribution on the history of the subject during the second part of the twentieth century. I was then firmly told that this was not what was wanted, rather something much more autobiographical. Well that is what you have got: an extre…
Environmental Modification of Mammalian Morphology
Growth of specific muscle strength between 6 and 18 years in contrasting socioeconomic conditions
The influence of sex, age, and socioeconomic conditions on specific grip strength of 6–18‐year‐old individuals was studied among 1,704 males and 1,956 females belonging to the so‐called “Cape Coloured” community in the western part of South Africa. Half of the participants of both sexes came from communities in the Greater Cape Town area where living conditions are comparable to those of middle‐class First World communities (high SES). The other …
Biology and the Human Sciences
Graduate training in physical anthropology
The Interrelation between Genetics and the Social Sciences
J. M. Thoday, G. A. Harrison, W. Brass, J. A. Fraser Roberts, D. V. Glass, J. Maynard Smith, J. E. Meade, E. A. Wrigley, The Interrelation between Genetics and the Social Sciences, Population Studies, Vol. 24, Toward a Population Policy for the United Kingdom: Supplement (May, 1970), pp. 49-54
Husband-Wife Similarities Among Oxfordshire Villagers
Biological Evolution and Social Change
Human Variation and Its Social Causes and Consequences
A Symposium on Human Biology
Environmental Modification of Mammalian Morphology
Natural Selection in Human Populations
Human Biology. An Introduction to Human Evolution, Variation and Growth
Teaching and Research in Human Biology
Comparative spectrophotometry of skin colour with EEL and photovolt instruments
A study has been made of the comparability of the two reflectance spectrophotometers, EEL and Photovolt, which have been most widely used for measuring variation in human skin colour. From samples of Negroes, Indians, and Europeans measured with both instruments various conversion equations have been calculated using a “least squares” method
The Biological Structure of Human Populations
The Galton Lecture 1968
Until very recently physical anthropology has been more or less exclusively concerned with the study of the evolutionary origins of man and with race. During the first half of this century a vast body of literature accumulated describing the physical characteristics of the world's many populations, both past and present, and classifying these populations into races. Innumerable classifications appeared, which not only varied according to their au…
Olduval Gorge
Social Class Relatedness in Some Oxfordshire Parishes
Based on data obtained from the marriage registers of seven Oxfordshire parishes in the Otmoor region, an analysis has been made of the effects of social mobility and marriage exchanges on the relatedness of the five social classes which are recognized by the Registrar General. From a starting position in which it is assumed that there was no relatedness between the classes, it is calculated that under the average social mobility patterns which h…
Human Variation and Its Social Causes and Consequences
Biosocial Aspects of Race
The Interrelation between Genetics and the Social Sciences
J. M. Thoday, G. A. Harrison, W. Brass, J. A. Fraser Roberts, D. V. Glass, J. Maynard Smith, J. E. Meade, E. A. Wrigley, The Interrelation between Genetics and the Social Sciences, Population Studies, Vol. 24, Toward a Population Policy for the United Kingdom: Supplement (May, 1970), pp. 49-54
Social class and marriage patterns in some Oxfordshire populations
A study has been made from parish records of the patterns of marital movement from 1837 to the present day in the Otmoor region of Oxfordshire. The social classes of brides and grooms have been taken into account. It is shown that the spatial mobility of the different classes is markedly different, and in the earlier part of the period this difference is evident even on a very local scale. Social class distributions themselves vary according to p…
Graduate training in physical anthropology
Biological Evolution and Social Change
Human Diversity
Biology and the Human Sciences
The Structure of Human Populations
Psychometric, personality and anthropometric variation in a group of Oxfordshire villages
An account is given of a survey of psychometric, personality and anthropometric variation among adults resident in nine villages in the Otmoor region of Oxfordshire. Using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, I.Q. variation was found between the sexes, social/occupational groups and the villages. Measures of extraversion and consistency obtained from the Eysenck Personality Inventory differentiated the social classes, and neuroticism the sexes.…
Social class and marital distance in Oxford City
A study has been made of social class distributions and their effects on marital movement in the city of Oxford from 1837 to the present day. The data have been obtained from the marriage registers of nine ecclesiastical parishes which transect the city. There is marked social class heterogeneity according to district, but when the data are combined some striking relationships between occupation and the distributions of marital distance emerge. I…
Respiratory function in Peruvian Quechua Indians
Measurements of respiratory function (forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, and their ratio) were obtained from male Quechua Indians living at high altitude and at sea level in Peru. The samples included migrants from one altitude level to another, and also juveniles from 12 to 19 years old. Information on age, stature and weight was also collected. Differences in respiratory function according to altitude were found, with high altitud…
Social mobility, assortative marriage and their interrelationships with marital distance and age in Oxford City
Exchanges between the social classes by social mobility and marriage in Oxford in the 19th and 20th centuries, and the relation between this social movement and geographical marital distance and marital age are analysed. The data were obtained from the marriage registers of nine contiguous ecclesiastical parishes which transect the city. There have been wide channels for social flow enabling rapid development of relatedness and genetic similarity…
Population Studies and Population Analyses
Hand preference and I.Q. in a group of Oxfordshire villages
Verbal and performance scores in a standard intelligence test (WAIS) were considered in relation to patterns of hand preference (measured by questionnaire) in a large sample of the general population. Left-handers and mixed-handers did not obtain lower scores than right-handers. Indeed, there was a tendency for subjects who reported that they could use either hand for at least one of the questionnaire tasks to obtain higher I.Q.s. Otherwise, ther…
Demography (48 obras) · Sociology (42 obras) · Medicine (36 obras) · Biology (35 obras) · Geography (30 obras) · Population (28 obras) · Demography (27 obras) · Psychology (24 obras) · Internal Medicine (14 obras) · Mathematics (13 obras)