Gilles Duranton
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1054557 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Gilles Duranton |
| PRENOMES | Gilles |
| SOBRENOME | Duranton |
| ASSINATURA | DURANTON G |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Toronto |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5261-9927 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 49 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 490 |
| OBRAS COMO AUTOR | 49 |
| OBRAS COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1996 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 12 |
Transportation infrastructure and urban and regional development
The literature assessing the effects of transportation infrastructure on how people and economic activity distribute themselves across a system of cities has three main parts. The theoretical literature makes robust predictions about how transportation infrastructure affects the internal structure of cities, but for systems of cities, theory does not let us rule much out. The city-level empirical literature establishes that improved urban transpo…
A Unified Urban Model With Non-Homothetic Housing Demand
Canonical urban models fail to jointly account for flexible housing demand, nondegenerate city sizes, and observed urban systems. We introduce a unifying urban framework based on price-independent generalized linear (PIGL) preferences in which housing is a necessity. Non-homothetic housing demand generates income effects that cause urban costs to scale more strongly with population than wages, restoring a unique interior efficient city size under…
Urban Roadway in America
We predicted the amount, share, and value of land dedicated to roadways within and across 316 U.S. primary metropolitan statistical areas. Despite the amount and value of land dedicated to roadways, our study provides the first such estimate across a broad range of metropolitan areas. Our basic approach was to estimate roadway widths using a 10% sample of widths provided by the Highway Performance Monitoring System and apply our estimates to the …
Delineating urban areas using building density
Classifying locations and delineating space
Special issue on delineation of urban areas
The Production Function for Housing
International audience
The Economics of Urban Density
Density boosts productivity and innovation, improves access to goods and services, reduces typical travel distances, encourages energy efficient construction and transport, and allows broader sharing of scarce urban amenities. However, density is also synonymous with crowding and makes living and moving in cities more costly. We explore the appropriate measurement of density and describe how it is both a cause and a consequence of the evolution o…
Speed
We investigate determinants of driving speed in large U.S. cities. We first estimate city-level supply functions for travel in an econometric framework where the supply and demand for travel are explicit. These estimations allow us to calculate an index of driving speed and to rank cities by driving speed. Our data suggest that a congestion tax of about 3.5 cents per kilometer yields welfare gains of about $30 billion per year, that centralized c…
The Costs of Agglomeration
We develop a new methodology to estimate the elasticity of urban costs with respect to city population using French house and land price data. After handling a number of estimation concerns, we find that the elasticity of urban costs increases with city population with an estimate of about 0.03 for an urban area with 100,000 inhabitants to 0.08 for an urban area of the size of Paris. Our approach also yields a number of intermediate outputs of in…
The development push of refugees
We exploit a 1991–2010 Tanzanian household panel to assess the effects of the temporary refugee inflows originating from Burundi (1993) and Rwanda (1994). We find that the refugee presence has had a persistent and positive impact on the welfare of the local population. We investigate the possible channels of transmission, underscoring the importance of a decrease in transport costs as a key driver of this persistent change in welfare. We interpre…
Urban form and driving
The Production Function for Housing
The death and life of great American cities / The economy of cities
I, for one, am certainly indebted to Jane Jacobs. The paper that essentially gave me tenure and the one that got me promoted to full professor both reference Jane Jacobs as a source of inspiration
Determinants of city growth in Colombia
Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics
Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics
A Proposal to Delineate Metropolitan Areas in Colombia
This paper discusses the need to delineate metropolitan areas and current practice in several countries. It argues for the use of a simple algorithm that examines cross-municipality commuting patterns. Municipalities are aggregated iteratively provided they send a share of their commuters, above a given threshold, to the rest of a metropolitan area. The algorithm is implemented on Colombian data and its robustness is assessed. Finally, the proper…
Roads and Trade
We estimate the effect of interstate highways on the level and composition of trade for US cities. Highways within cities have a large effect on the weight of city exports with an elasticity of approximately 0.5. We find little effect of highways on the total value of exports. Consistent with this, we find that cities with more highways specialize in sectors producing heavy goods.
Introductory Note from the Editors
Salaires et salariés en Île-de-France
Ce travail compare les distributions de salaires et de qualifications de l’Île-de-France et du reste du pays. Les salaires sont plus élevés en Île-de-France de 24 %. Ces différences relèvent pour le quart de qualifications plus élevées et pour le reste d’une plus grande productivité francilienne. Nous montrons aussi que les disparités de salaires sont beaucoup plus fortes à l’intérieur de l’Île-de-France et reflètent alors principalement de plus …
Productive Cities
Large cities produce more output per capita than small cities. This higher productivity may occur because more talented individuals sort into large cities, because large cities select more productive entrepreneurs and firms, or because of agglomeration economies. We develop a model of systems of cities that combines all three elements and suggests interesting complementarities between them. The model can replicate stylized facts about sorting, ag…
Urban Growth and Transportation
We estimate the effects of interstate highways on the growth of U.S. cities between 1983 and 2003. We find that a 10% increase in a city's initial stock of highways causes about a 1.5% increase in its employment over this 20 year period. To estimate a structural model of urban growth and transportation, we rely on an instrumental variables estimation that uses a 1947 plan of the interstate highway system, an 1898 map of railroads, and maps of the…
The Costs of Agglomeration
The Productivity Advantages of Large Cities
Spatial wage disparities
Productive Cities
Large cities produce more output per capita than small cities. This higher productivity may occur because more talented individuals sort into large cities, because large cities select more productive entrepreneurs and firms, or because of agglomeration economies. We develop a model of systems of cities that combines all three elements and suggests interesting complementarities between them. The model can replicate stylized facts about sorting, ag…
Diversity and Specialisation in Cities
Why are some cities specialised and others diversified? What are the advantages and disadvantages of urban specialisation and diversity? To what extent do the structure of cities and the activities of firms and people in them change over time? How does the sectoral composition of cities influence their evolution? To answer these and related questions, we first distil some key stylised facts from the empirical literature on cities and the composit…
From sectoral to functional urban specialisation
The identification of agglomeration economies
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et a ̀ la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établisse…
The Economics of Urban Density
Density boosts productivity and innovation, improves access to goods and services, reduces typical travel distances, encourages energy efficient construction and transport, and allows broader sharing of scarce urban amenities. However, density is also synonymous with crowding and makes living and moving in cities more costly. We explore the appropriate measurement of density and describe how it is both a cause and a consequence of the evolution o…
Assessing the Effects of Local Taxation using Microgeographic Data
We study the impact of local taxation on the location and growth of firms. Our empirical methodology pairs establishments across jurisdictional boundaries to estimate the impact of taxation. Our approach improves on existing work as it corrects for unobserved establishment heterogeneity, for unobserved time-varying site-specific effects and for the endogeneity of local taxation. Applied to data for English manufacturing establishments, we find th…
Agglomeration and the adjustment of the spatial economy
Family Types and the Persistence of Regional Disparities in Europe
This article examines the association between one of the most basic institutional forms, the family, and a series of demographic, educational, social, and economic indicators across regions in Europe. Using Emmanuel Todd's classification of medieval European family systems, we identify potential links between family types and regional disparities in household size, educational attainment, social capital, labor participation, sectoral structure, w…
A Proposal to Delineate Metropolitan Areas in Colombia
This paper discusses the need to delineate metropolitan areas and current practice in several countries. It argues for the use of a simple algorithm that examines cross-municipality commuting patterns. Municipalities are aggregated iteratively provided they send a share of their commuters, above a given threshold, to the rest of a metropolitan area. The algorithm is implemented on Colombian data and its robustness is assessed. Finally, the proper…
Communication externalities in cities
The effects of land transfer taxes on real estate markets
Taxes levied on the sale or purchase of real estate are pervasive but little studied. By exploiting a natural experiment arising from Toronto's imposition of a Land Transfer Tax (LTT) in early 2008, we estimate the impact of real estate transfer taxes on the market for single family homes. Our data show that Toronto's 1.1% tax caused a 15% decline in the number of sales and a decline in housing prices about equal to the tax. Relative to an equiva…
Delineating urban areas using building density
Determinants of city growth in Colombia
Urban form and driving
Cities and Workplace Communication
This paper uses a unique labour force survey to document workplace communication patterns in urban, suburban and rural areas. A number of interesting stylised facts are distilled relating to workplace communication: its intensity, within-firm communication, communication external to the firm and the media being used with a special focus on information technologies. The paper also investigates the complementarities across different media of commun…
Agglomeration and growth
This special issue contains papers by both economists and geographers on agglomeration and growth. In this introduction, we first provide a brief sketch of recent developments in the interaction between economists and geographers. We then propose some contextual background to make it easier for geographers to approach the economics papers of this issue and conversely. Finally, specific areas of overlapping interests to the two disciplines are als…
Distance, Land, and Proximity
The author attempts to provide a synthesis of the long-run evolution of cities by taking an economic perspective. He defends the idea that urban growth for preindustrial cities has been limited by the tyranny of distance. Then he argues that technological progress, by fostering mobility, has reinforced economies of agglomeration and thus allowed for larger cities. This has led to the development of industrial cities and the dominance of the tyran…
Classifying locations and delineating space
The Production Function for Housing
International audience
The development push of refugees
We exploit a 1991–2010 Tanzanian household panel to assess the effects of the temporary refugee inflows originating from Burundi (1993) and Rwanda (1994). We find that the refugee presence has had a persistent and positive impact on the welfare of the local population. We investigate the possible channels of transmission, underscoring the importance of a decrease in transport costs as a key driver of this persistent change in welfare. We interpre…
Is the division of labour limited by the extent of the market? Evidence from French cities
The death and life of great American cities / The economy of cities
I, for one, am certainly indebted to Jane Jacobs. The paper that essentially gave me tenure and the one that got me promoted to full professor both reference Jane Jacobs as a source of inspiration
Salaires et salariés en Île-de-France
Ce travail compare les distributions de salaires et de qualifications de l’Île-de-France et du reste du pays. Les salaires sont plus élevés en Île-de-France de 24 %. Ces différences relèvent pour le quart de qualifications plus élevées et pour le reste d’une plus grande productivité francilienne. Nous montrons aussi que les disparités de salaires sont beaucoup plus fortes à l’intérieur de l’Île-de-France et reflètent alors principalement de plus …
Financing Productive Local Public Goods
La politique foncière dans une économie spatiale
Thisse Jacques-François, Duranton Gilles. La politique foncière dans une économie spatiale. In: Revue économique, volume 47, n°2, 1996. pp. 227-261
La nouvelle économie géographique
La nouvelle économie géographique : agglomération et dispersion par Gilles Duranton À la croisée des chemins du commerce international, de l'économie urbaine et de la micro-économie spatiale, la nouvelle économie géographique cherche à s'imposer comme un champ d'analyse distinct. Pour évaluer son état d'avancement, cet article effectue une synthèse sur la problématique de l' agglomération et la dispersion des activités et des personnes. Les répon…
Financing Productive Local Public Goods
Distance, Land, and Proximity
The author attempts to provide a synthesis of the long-run evolution of cities by taking an economic perspective. He defends the idea that urban growth for preindustrial cities has been limited by the tyranny of distance. Then he argues that technological progress, by fostering mobility, has reinforced economies of agglomeration and thus allowed for larger cities. This has led to the development of industrial cities and the dominance of the tyran…
Diversity and Specialisation in Cities
Why are some cities specialised and others diversified? What are the advantages and disadvantages of urban specialisation and diversity? To what extent do the structure of cities and the activities of firms and people in them change over time? How does the sectoral composition of cities influence their evolution? To answer these and related questions, we first distil some key stylised facts from the empirical literature on cities and the composit…
Nursery Cities
This paper develops microfoundations for the role that diversified cities play in fostering innovation. A simple model of process innovation is proposed, where firms learn about their ideal production process by making prototypes. We build around this a dynamic general-equilibrium model, and derive conditions under which diversified and specialized cities coexist. New products are developed in diversified cities, trying processes borrowed from di…
Chapter 48 Micro-foundations of urban agglomeration economies
Communication externalities in cities
Testing for Localization Using Micro-Geographic Data
To study the detailed location patterns of industries, and particularly the tendency for industries to cluster relative to overall manufacturing, we develop distance-based tests of localization. In contrast to previous studies, our approach allows us to assess the statistical significance of departures from randomness. In addition, we treat space as continuous instead of using an arbitrary collection of geographical units. This avoids problems re…
Labour pooling, labour poaching, and spatial clustering
Agglomeration and growth
This special issue contains papers by both economists and geographers on agglomeration and growth. In this introduction, we first provide a brief sketch of recent developments in the interaction between economists and geographers. We then propose some contextual background to make it easier for geographers to approach the economics papers of this issue and conversely. Finally, specific areas of overlapping interests to the two disciplines are als…
Agglomeration and the adjustment of the spatial economy
From sectoral to functional urban specialisation
Cities and Workplace Communication
This paper uses a unique labour force survey to document workplace communication patterns in urban, suburban and rural areas. A number of interesting stylised facts are distilled relating to workplace communication: its intensity, within-firm communication, communication external to the firm and the media being used with a special focus on information technologies. The paper also investigates the complementarities across different media of commun…
Les modes de communication et leurs combinaisons. Quand l'espace compte toujours
Cet article décrit les formes différenciées de communication sur le lieu de travail des salariés, en fonction de leur localisation, en mobilisant les enquêtes c.o.i . (Changement organisationnel et Informatisation, 1997) et « Techniques et Organisation du travail » (1987, 1993). Dans un premier temps, la relation positive entre intensité de communication et taille de la ville, dans laquelle travaille le salarié, est vérifiée. Cette relation est r…
Urban Evolutions
With the use of French and US data, new and systematic evidence is provided about the rapid location changes of industries across cities (the fast). Cities are also slowly moving up and down the urban hierarchy (the slow), while the size distribution of cities is skewed to the right and very stable (the still). The model proposed here reproduces these three features. Small, innovation-driven shocks lead to the churning of industries across cities…
Spatial wage disparities
Family Types and the Persistence of Regional Disparities in Europe
This article examines the association between one of the most basic institutional forms, the family, and a series of demographic, educational, social, and economic indicators across regions in Europe. Using Emmanuel Todd's classification of medieval European family systems, we identify potential links between family types and regional disparities in household size, educational attainment, social capital, labor participation, sectoral structure, w…
Urban Labor Economics * Y. Zenou
A majority of us now live and work in cities of this world. Work often accounts for most of our incomes. Housing is typically our biggest expenditure, followed by transportation whose purpose is, to a large extent, to connect home and work. It is difficult to understate the importance of the housing—transportation—labour market nexus. How access to the workplace determines residential locations and house prices is at the core of the canonical urb…
The identification of agglomeration economies
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et a ̀ la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établisse…
The Fundamental Law of Road Congestion
We investigate the effect of lane kilometers of roads on vehicle-kilometers traveled (VKT) in US cities. VKT increases proportionately to roadway lane kilometers for interstate highways and probably slightly less rapidly for other types of roads. The sources for this extra VKT are increases in driving by current residents, increases in commercial traffic, and migration. Increasing lane kilometers for one type of road diverts little traffic from o…
Is the division of labour limited by the extent of the market? Evidence from French cities
Assessing the Effects of Local Taxation using Microgeographic Data
We study the impact of local taxation on the location and growth of firms. Our empirical methodology pairs establishments across jurisdictional boundaries to estimate the impact of taxation. Our approach improves on existing work as it corrects for unobserved establishment heterogeneity, for unobserved time-varying site-specific effects and for the endogeneity of local taxation. Applied to data for English manufacturing establishments, we find th…
Urban Growth and Transportation
We estimate the effects of interstate highways on the growth of U.S. cities between 1983 and 2003. We find that a 10% increase in a city's initial stock of highways causes about a 1.5% increase in its employment over this 20 year period. To estimate a structural model of urban growth and transportation, we rely on an instrumental variables estimation that uses a 1947 plan of the interstate highway system, an 1898 map of railroads, and maps of the…
The Costs of Agglomeration
Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis (35 obras) · Economics (34 obras) · Economic geography (24 obras) · Geography (17 obras) · Microeconomics (15 obras) · Computer Science (14 obras) · Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth (14 obras) · Political science (12 obras) · Econometrics (11 obras) · Population (11 obras)