Ronald B Cox
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 106156 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Ronald B Cox |
| PRENOMES | Ronald B |
| SOBRENOME | Cox |
| ASSINATURA | COX R B |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Oklahoma State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7389-4218 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 30 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 42 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 30 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1994 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
The interactional accomplishment of changing codes in immigrant mother-child interactions
This study analyzes the interactional activity of code-switching between the Spanish and English languages in mother-child interactions. The data, drawn from video-recorded interactions of first-generation Latina mothers and their children, is analyzed using the methods of Conversation Analysis. Findings show that participants change codes to show their orientation to issues of epistemics by claiming (their own) lack of knowledge and negotiating …
Families navigating two languages in a country built for one
One often overlooked challenge for families migrating to the United States is the pervasive impact of heritage language loss among immigrant children and how this loss affects family functioning and youth psychosocial development. This challenge becomes even more problematic when considering that immigrant parents often make only modest gains in their English language abilities resulting in the erosion of a common shared language with which paren…
Hope for Latino immigrant youth
Validation of the Family Fear of Deportation Scale for youth
PROMIS Pediatric Psychological Stress Measure
Immigrant parents and children navigating two languages
Upon initiating school, immigrant children begin to lose much of their heritage language (HL) abilities, resulting in the erosion of a common shared language with their parents. Although communication is fundamental to positive parent–child relationships, research on the effects of navigating two languages is missing from most family theories regarding immigrant populations. This scoping review provides a comprehensive overview of the literatures…
Ethnic Differences in the Effects of Five Disciplinary Techniques on Subsequent Externalizing Behavior Problems
To identify disciplinary alternatives to replace spanking, this study investigated ethnic differences in the associations of five disciplinary techniques with subsequent externalizing behavior problems in a national sample of 7- to 11-year-olds with ANCOVAs and difference-score analyses. Most techniques led to significant reductions in externalizing problems for African-Americans or Hispanics, but only after overcoming known biases in ANCOVA and …
Immigration Enforcement and Hispanic Youth Substance Use
Parental School‐Involvement and Substance Use? A Novel Family‐Based Prevention Strategy for Latino Youth
Objective: To examine the association of parental school involvement with reductions in adolescent substance initiation among Latino immigrant youth. Background: Parental school involvement is an important determinant of children's academic achievement. Likewise, academic achievement is associated with multiple adolescent health risk behaviors. Little research has examined whether parental school involvement is associated with adolescent drug use…
Hope, Stress, and Post-Divorce Child Adjustment
Two studies examine the effectiveness of Co-Parenting for Resilience, a program targeting divorcing or separating parents with a minor child in common. Study-one (N = 132) uses a within-group design to assess whether parent scores on key constructs improve across time. Study-two (N = 330) employs a control group to assess whether change can be attributed to the program. Within-group results indicate significant increases on parental hope and chil…
Shared Language Erosion
In this paper we make the case for Shared Language Erosion as a potential explanation for the negative outcomes described in the immigrant paradox for second- and third- generation immigrants (e.g., declines in physical, mental, and behavioral health). While not negating the important role of cultural adaptation, we posit that parent-child communication difficulties due to a process we are calling Shared Language Erosion is driving the observed a…
A Qualitative Analysis of Divorcing Parents’ Readiness to Co-parent
Forty-six of the 50 states currently have mandates surrounding co-parenting programs; however, little is known about the specific mechanisms within a co-parenting class that facilitate a parent’s readiness to engage in positive co-parenting behaviors. This study used a qualitative design to understand how attendance of a co-parenting class affects a divorcing parents’ readiness to engage in positive parenting behaviors. Semi-structured interviews…
Latino Parent-Child English Language Fluency
Latino parents have lower levels of school involvement compared to other ethnic groups, which is often attributed—though not tested—to low English language proficiency. Using a population-based sample of 637 7th grade Latino youth attending an urban school district, we find no significant difference in maternal school involvement when mothers and students are either both fluent in English or both non-fluent. When students are more fluent than the…
Trauma and Early Adolescent Perceptions About Sex and Parenthood
Using a population-based sample of 1,311 seventh graders in an urban school district in the South Central United States, we examined the associations between early-life trauma, anger regulation, and early adolescent perceptions about sex and parenthood. Girls and boys with more trauma exposure were more likely to perceive adolescent parenthood as ideal for them (odds ratio [OR] = 1.29, p < .01 and OR = 1.24, p < .01, respectively). Childhood trau…
Immigration-related arrest, parental documentation status, and depressive symptoms among early adolescent Latinos
The study findings suggest that there are significant consequences for youth well-being when a family member is arrested for immigration-related violations. Further, among youth whose parents are both undocumented, there appears to be a compounding effect on mental health. Immigration policies, programs, and schools need to consider the emotional needs of youth who have undocumented parents, particularly in the context of elevated immigration enf…
Middle School Teachers’ Academic and Behavioral Perceptions of Their Students and Expectations for High School Graduation
Teacher expectations of students have been consistently linked with student academic achievement. What is less known is how students’ actual behaviors and performance shape teachers’ perceptions of them, particularly when considering student gender and race/ethnicity. A diverse dyadic sample of 1,653 seventh graders with 63 reporting teachers was used to examine how teaching experience, student behavioral citations, and grade point average were r…
Parental Documentation Status and Educational Aspirations Among Latino Adolescents
Research suggests that Latino adolescents face challenges with respect to their perceptions of success in academia while falling behind in school competencies. This study examines pathways between parent characteristics, adolescent perceptions of parental academic importance, school connectedness, and academic aspirations/expectations for Latinos using a structural equation model. The entire population of seventh grade students was surveyed in th…
Are Negative Peer Influences Domain Specific? Examining the Influence of Peers and Parents on Externalizing and Drug Use Behaviors
Is All Parental “Noninvolvement” Equal? Barriers to Involvement and Their Relationship to Latino Academic Achievement
High parental involvement has consistently been shown to enhance academic achievement among Latino youth. Still, some youth continue to thrive academically despite low parental involvement. The Theory of Rationality suggests that the impact of even potentially negative behaviors depends on how the behavior is interpreted. To test the application of this theory to parental “noninvolvement” among Latinos, we assessed how adolescent rationales about…
Opportunities to use drugs and the transition to drug use among adolescents from Caracas, Venezuela
Few studies have examined exposure to drug use and the lag between exposure and use. This paper estimates prevalence of opportunity to use a substance, for use, and for use given an opportunity to use among a sample of Venezuelan adolescents. Several covariates on the opportunity to use and the transition to use are also examined. Findings show that lifetime prevalence of substance use among Venezuelan adolescents increases dramatically and more …
How Do Time and Vocational Stress Influence Attitudes Toward Couple Relationship Education
Recruitment issues are common in couple relationship education (CRE). Hence, learning more about factors shaping attitudes toward CRE could aid with these efforts. This study used dyadic data techniques to assess how common recruitment barriers are associated with attitudes toward CRE. The study also investigated differences by gender and income in a sample of 99 couples. Results show that time pressure influenced attitudes toward CRE differently…
Parenting, Peers, and Perceived Norms
Although attitudes strongly predict later sexual behaviors, few studies have investigated the factors that influence early adolescent attitudes toward sex. Using a general population sample of urban seventh-grade students ( N = 1,736), we examined how supportive parenting, television viewing, perceived social norms, and having a friend and/or sibling who is a teen parent were uniquely associated with the probability and extent that early adolesce…
Interpersonal Trauma and Depressive Symptoms in Early Adolescents
Interpersonal traumas experienced early in life adversely impact psychological well-being in children and adolescents, yet the specific role that social support can have in reducing negative outcomes following trauma exposure is unclear. Using a general population sample of seventh-grade students in an urban public school district in the South Central United States ( n = 1,712), we examined the effects of early life interpersonal trauma exposure …
Making Valid Causal Inferences About Corrective Actions by Parents From Longitudinal Data
As a result of an inherent selection bias, most longitudinal analyses are biased against corrective actions that parents use to address perceived child problems. This bias can lead to unjustified or even counterproductive recommendations about corrective parental actions. To overcome this bias, this article summarizes current scholarship on improving the validity of causal inferences. Enhancing research designs is preferred, using quasi‐experimen…
Do parent–child acculturation gaps affect early adolescent Latino alcohol use? A study of the probability and extent of use
The literature has been mixed regarding how parent-child relationships are affected by the acculturation process and how this process relates to alcohol use among Latino youth. The mixed results may be due to, at least, two factors: First, staggered migration in which one or both parents arrive to the new country and then send for the children may lead to faster acculturation in parents than in children for some families. Second, acculturation ma…
Latino Students in New Arrival States
Latino youth are more likely than any other ethnic group to drop out of high school in the United States. Though some research has helped us understand the factors leading to dropout, very few studies have assessed Latino student’s opinions of services and factors that would help them stay in school (e.g., family, school, peers, and policies). This study presents the results of an in-depth survey of 501 Latino students in North Carolina public sc…
Parenting, Peers, and Perceived Norms
Although attitudes strongly predict later sexual behaviors, few studies have investigated the factors that influence early adolescent attitudes toward sex. Using a general population sample of urban seventh-grade students ( N = 1,736), we examined how supportive parenting, television viewing, perceived social norms, and having a friend and/or sibling who is a teen parent were uniquely associated with the probability and extent that early adolesce…
Interpersonal Trauma and Depressive Symptoms in Early Adolescents
Interpersonal traumas experienced early in life adversely impact psychological well-being in children and adolescents, yet the specific role that social support can have in reducing negative outcomes following trauma exposure is unclear. Using a general population sample of seventh-grade students in an urban public school district in the South Central United States ( n = 1,712), we examined the effects of early life interpersonal trauma exposure …
Do parent–child acculturation gaps affect early adolescent Latino alcohol use? A study of the probability and extent of use
The literature has been mixed regarding how parent-child relationships are affected by the acculturation process and how this process relates to alcohol use among Latino youth. The mixed results may be due to, at least, two factors: First, staggered migration in which one or both parents arrive to the new country and then send for the children may lead to faster acculturation in parents than in children for some families. Second, acculturation ma…
Is All Parental “Noninvolvement” Equal? Barriers to Involvement and Their Relationship to Latino Academic Achievement
High parental involvement has consistently been shown to enhance academic achievement among Latino youth. Still, some youth continue to thrive academically despite low parental involvement. The Theory of Rationality suggests that the impact of even potentially negative behaviors depends on how the behavior is interpreted. To test the application of this theory to parental “noninvolvement” among Latinos, we assessed how adolescent rationales about…
Making Valid Causal Inferences About Corrective Actions by Parents From Longitudinal Data
As a result of an inherent selection bias, most longitudinal analyses are biased against corrective actions that parents use to address perceived child problems. This bias can lead to unjustified or even counterproductive recommendations about corrective parental actions. To overcome this bias, this article summarizes current scholarship on improving the validity of causal inferences. Enhancing research designs is preferred, using quasi‐experimen…
The Role of the Therapist in Therapeutic Change
Clients are often matched with therapists based on certain criteria. These may include characteristics such as age, race, religion, sexual orientation, and gender. This article reviews the literature on the role of gender matching in therapy. While there is still much to be learned about therapist variables in the change process, gender alone does not appear to influence clinical outcomes directly, except in some cases for adolescents. However, r…
Parental Documentation Status and Educational Aspirations Among Latino Adolescents
Research suggests that Latino adolescents face challenges with respect to their perceptions of success in academia while falling behind in school competencies. This study examines pathways between parent characteristics, adolescent perceptions of parental academic importance, school connectedness, and academic aspirations/expectations for Latinos using a structural equation model. The entire population of seventh grade students was surveyed in th…
Latino Adolescent Substance Use in the United States
Research has indentified numerous risk and protective factors related to adolescent alcohol and other drug (AOD) use. However, most theoretical models do not account for nuances attributable to variations in culture or how these may influence prevention and treatment models. In this article, we have 4 primary purposes: First, we present an extensive and critical review of the literature on adolescent AOD use among Latino youths; second, we point …
Families navigating two languages in a country built for one
One often overlooked challenge for families migrating to the United States is the pervasive impact of heritage language loss among immigrant children and how this loss affects family functioning and youth psychosocial development. This challenge becomes even more problematic when considering that immigrant parents often make only modest gains in their English language abilities resulting in the erosion of a common shared language with which paren…
Trauma and Early Adolescent Perceptions About Sex and Parenthood
Using a population-based sample of 1,311 seventh graders in an urban school district in the South Central United States, we examined the associations between early-life trauma, anger regulation, and early adolescent perceptions about sex and parenthood. Girls and boys with more trauma exposure were more likely to perceive adolescent parenthood as ideal for them (odds ratio [OR] = 1.29, p < .01 and OR = 1.24, p < .01, respectively). Childhood trau…
Immigration-related arrest, parental documentation status, and depressive symptoms among early adolescent Latinos
The study findings suggest that there are significant consequences for youth well-being when a family member is arrested for immigration-related violations. Further, among youth whose parents are both undocumented, there appears to be a compounding effect on mental health. Immigration policies, programs, and schools need to consider the emotional needs of youth who have undocumented parents, particularly in the context of elevated immigration enf…
Middle School Teachers’ Academic and Behavioral Perceptions of Their Students and Expectations for High School Graduation
Teacher expectations of students have been consistently linked with student academic achievement. What is less known is how students’ actual behaviors and performance shape teachers’ perceptions of them, particularly when considering student gender and race/ethnicity. A diverse dyadic sample of 1,653 seventh graders with 63 reporting teachers was used to examine how teaching experience, student behavioral citations, and grade point average were r…
How Do Time and Vocational Stress Influence Attitudes Toward Couple Relationship Education
Recruitment issues are common in couple relationship education (CRE). Hence, learning more about factors shaping attitudes toward CRE could aid with these efforts. This study used dyadic data techniques to assess how common recruitment barriers are associated with attitudes toward CRE. The study also investigated differences by gender and income in a sample of 99 couples. Results show that time pressure influenced attitudes toward CRE differently…
The role of theory in treating adolescent substance abuse
The Role of the Therapist in Therapeutic Change
Clients are often matched with therapists based on certain criteria. These may include characteristics such as age, race, religion, sexual orientation, and gender. This article reviews the literature on the role of gender matching in therapy. While there is still much to be learned about therapist variables in the change process, gender alone does not appear to influence clinical outcomes directly, except in some cases for adolescents. However, r…
Latino Students in New Arrival States
Latino youth are more likely than any other ethnic group to drop out of high school in the United States. Though some research has helped us understand the factors leading to dropout, very few studies have assessed Latino student’s opinions of services and factors that would help them stay in school (e.g., family, school, peers, and policies). This study presents the results of an in-depth survey of 501 Latino students in North Carolina public sc…
Latino Adolescent Substance Use in the United States
Research has indentified numerous risk and protective factors related to adolescent alcohol and other drug (AOD) use. However, most theoretical models do not account for nuances attributable to variations in culture or how these may influence prevention and treatment models. In this article, we have 4 primary purposes: First, we present an extensive and critical review of the literature on adolescent AOD use among Latino youths; second, we point …
Do Peers and Perceived Risk Mediate the Association of Religiosity With the Likelihood and Extent of Recent Substance Use Among Venezuelan Youth
A robust literature suggests religiosity protects against substance use by youth. Less clear is how religiosity influences substance use. This study uses across-sectional design with a sample of 1,815 Venezuelan youth to examine whether associations with deviant peers or the perceived risk of harm from using drugs mediates the effect of religiosity on both the likelihood of using, and the extent of use of alcohol, cigarettes, and illicit drugs du…
Making Valid Causal Inferences About Corrective Actions by Parents From Longitudinal Data
As a result of an inherent selection bias, most longitudinal analyses are biased against corrective actions that parents use to address perceived child problems. This bias can lead to unjustified or even counterproductive recommendations about corrective parental actions. To overcome this bias, this article summarizes current scholarship on improving the validity of causal inferences. Enhancing research designs is preferred, using quasi‐experimen…
Do parent–child acculturation gaps affect early adolescent Latino alcohol use? A study of the probability and extent of use
The literature has been mixed regarding how parent-child relationships are affected by the acculturation process and how this process relates to alcohol use among Latino youth. The mixed results may be due to, at least, two factors: First, staggered migration in which one or both parents arrive to the new country and then send for the children may lead to faster acculturation in parents than in children for some families. Second, acculturation ma…
Parenting, Peers, and Perceived Norms
Although attitudes strongly predict later sexual behaviors, few studies have investigated the factors that influence early adolescent attitudes toward sex. Using a general population sample of urban seventh-grade students ( N = 1,736), we examined how supportive parenting, television viewing, perceived social norms, and having a friend and/or sibling who is a teen parent were uniquely associated with the probability and extent that early adolesce…
Interpersonal Trauma and Depressive Symptoms in Early Adolescents
Interpersonal traumas experienced early in life adversely impact psychological well-being in children and adolescents, yet the specific role that social support can have in reducing negative outcomes following trauma exposure is unclear. Using a general population sample of seventh-grade students in an urban public school district in the South Central United States ( n = 1,712), we examined the effects of early life interpersonal trauma exposure …
How Do Time and Vocational Stress Influence Attitudes Toward Couple Relationship Education
Recruitment issues are common in couple relationship education (CRE). Hence, learning more about factors shaping attitudes toward CRE could aid with these efforts. This study used dyadic data techniques to assess how common recruitment barriers are associated with attitudes toward CRE. The study also investigated differences by gender and income in a sample of 99 couples. Results show that time pressure influenced attitudes toward CRE differently…
Opportunities to use drugs and the transition to drug use among adolescents from Caracas, Venezuela
Few studies have examined exposure to drug use and the lag between exposure and use. This paper estimates prevalence of opportunity to use a substance, for use, and for use given an opportunity to use among a sample of Venezuelan adolescents. Several covariates on the opportunity to use and the transition to use are also examined. Findings show that lifetime prevalence of substance use among Venezuelan adolescents increases dramatically and more …
Are Negative Peer Influences Domain Specific? Examining the Influence of Peers and Parents on Externalizing and Drug Use Behaviors
Is All Parental “Noninvolvement” Equal? Barriers to Involvement and Their Relationship to Latino Academic Achievement
High parental involvement has consistently been shown to enhance academic achievement among Latino youth. Still, some youth continue to thrive academically despite low parental involvement. The Theory of Rationality suggests that the impact of even potentially negative behaviors depends on how the behavior is interpreted. To test the application of this theory to parental “noninvolvement” among Latinos, we assessed how adolescent rationales about…
Parental Documentation Status and Educational Aspirations Among Latino Adolescents
Research suggests that Latino adolescents face challenges with respect to their perceptions of success in academia while falling behind in school competencies. This study examines pathways between parent characteristics, adolescent perceptions of parental academic importance, school connectedness, and academic aspirations/expectations for Latinos using a structural equation model. The entire population of seventh grade students was surveyed in th…
Immigration-related arrest, parental documentation status, and depressive symptoms among early adolescent Latinos
The study findings suggest that there are significant consequences for youth well-being when a family member is arrested for immigration-related violations. Further, among youth whose parents are both undocumented, there appears to be a compounding effect on mental health. Immigration policies, programs, and schools need to consider the emotional needs of youth who have undocumented parents, particularly in the context of elevated immigration enf…
Middle School Teachers’ Academic and Behavioral Perceptions of Their Students and Expectations for High School Graduation
Teacher expectations of students have been consistently linked with student academic achievement. What is less known is how students’ actual behaviors and performance shape teachers’ perceptions of them, particularly when considering student gender and race/ethnicity. A diverse dyadic sample of 1,653 seventh graders with 63 reporting teachers was used to examine how teaching experience, student behavioral citations, and grade point average were r…
A Qualitative Analysis of Divorcing Parents’ Readiness to Co-parent
Forty-six of the 50 states currently have mandates surrounding co-parenting programs; however, little is known about the specific mechanisms within a co-parenting class that facilitate a parent’s readiness to engage in positive co-parenting behaviors. This study used a qualitative design to understand how attendance of a co-parenting class affects a divorcing parents’ readiness to engage in positive parenting behaviors. Semi-structured interviews…
Latino Parent-Child English Language Fluency
Latino parents have lower levels of school involvement compared to other ethnic groups, which is often attributed—though not tested—to low English language proficiency. Using a population-based sample of 637 7th grade Latino youth attending an urban school district, we find no significant difference in maternal school involvement when mothers and students are either both fluent in English or both non-fluent. When students are more fluent than the…
Trauma and Early Adolescent Perceptions About Sex and Parenthood
Using a population-based sample of 1,311 seventh graders in an urban school district in the South Central United States, we examined the associations between early-life trauma, anger regulation, and early adolescent perceptions about sex and parenthood. Girls and boys with more trauma exposure were more likely to perceive adolescent parenthood as ideal for them (odds ratio [OR] = 1.29, p < .01 and OR = 1.24, p < .01, respectively). Childhood trau…
Parental School‐Involvement and Substance Use? A Novel Family‐Based Prevention Strategy for Latino Youth
Objective: To examine the association of parental school involvement with reductions in adolescent substance initiation among Latino immigrant youth. Background: Parental school involvement is an important determinant of children's academic achievement. Likewise, academic achievement is associated with multiple adolescent health risk behaviors. Little research has examined whether parental school involvement is associated with adolescent drug use…
Hope, Stress, and Post-Divorce Child Adjustment
Two studies examine the effectiveness of Co-Parenting for Resilience, a program targeting divorcing or separating parents with a minor child in common. Study-one (N = 132) uses a within-group design to assess whether parent scores on key constructs improve across time. Study-two (N = 330) employs a control group to assess whether change can be attributed to the program. Within-group results indicate significant increases on parental hope and chil…
Shared Language Erosion
In this paper we make the case for Shared Language Erosion as a potential explanation for the negative outcomes described in the immigrant paradox for second- and third- generation immigrants (e.g., declines in physical, mental, and behavioral health). While not negating the important role of cultural adaptation, we posit that parent-child communication difficulties due to a process we are calling Shared Language Erosion is driving the observed a…
Immigration Enforcement and Hispanic Youth Substance Use
Hope for Latino immigrant youth
Validation of the Family Fear of Deportation Scale for youth
Psychology (27 obras) · Developmental psychology (18 obras) · Clinical Psychology (14 obras) · Social Psychology (14 obras) · Medicine (12 obras) · Immigration (10 obras) · Parental Involvement in Education (10 obras) · Psychiatry (10 obras) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (9 obras) · Early Childhood Education and Development (9 obras)