Dale E Brashers
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 111985 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Dale E Brashers |
| PRENOMES | Dale E |
| SOBRENOME | Brashers |
| ASSINATURA | BRASHERS D E |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 18 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 93 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 18 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1989 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2012 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Avoiding Health Information
This study investigated why and how individuals avoid health information to support the development of models of uncertainty and information management and offer insights for those dealing with the information and uncertainty inherent to health and illness. Participants from student (n = 507) and community (n = 418) samples reported that they avoided health information to (a) maintain hope or deniability, (b) resist overexposure, (c) accept limit…
Uncertain Terms
About 113 million Americans have reported seeking health information online; however, little is known about the quality (or qualities) of the information being retrieved. Users have reported seeking information about health issues in an attempt to reduce negatively appraised uncertainties (Brashers, 2007), but less is known about the ability of the retrieved information to increase or produce unwanted uncertainty. A content analysis of online can…
Extending the Conversational Argument Coding Scheme
The Conversational Argument Scheme (CAS) has been shaped by a host of researcher colleagues. Each revision has attempted to improve the scheme, apply it in a different context, or submit its data to unique analyses. All of these combined efforts have increased the scheme's utility, reliability, and validity. As part of this series of articles that trace the history of the CAS and speculate on its future, three revisions to the scheme are discusse…
Medical, Personal, and Social Forms of Uncertainty Across the Transplantation Trajectory
We designed this study to identify sources of uncertainty across the transplantation trajectory. We interviewed 38 transplant patients, who reported medical, personal, and social forms of uncertainty. Prior to transplantation, they reported uncertainty related to insufficient information about diagnosis, complex decisions about transplantation, unknown/unknowable organ availability, unclear expectations about medical procedures/outcomes, ambiguit…
The Message Design Logics of Responses to HIV Disclosures
This article uses the theory of message design logics to investigate the relative sophistication of responses to disclosure of HIV status. In Study 1, 548 college students imagined a sibling revealing an HIV-positive diagnosis. Their responses to the HIV disclosures were coded as expressive (n = 174), conventional (n = 298), or rhetorical (n = 66). Type of message produced was associated with gender and HIV aversion. In Study 2, 459 individuals l…
Social Support and the Management of Uncertainty for People Living With HIV or Aids
People with chronic and acute illnesses experience uncertainty about their prognoses, potential treatments, social relationships, and identity concerns. In a focus group study of people living with HIV or AIDS, we examined how social support may facilitate or interfere with the management of uncertainty about health, identity, and relationships. We found that support from others helps people with HIV or AIDS to manage uncertainty by (a) assisting…
Information Seeking and Avoiding in Health Contexts
Information management is an important component of coping with illness and illness-related uncertainty. Normative theory and research on information seeking and avoiding in health contexts can help explain why some information management activities are more adaptive than others. Challenges and dilemmas of information management include relational demands (e.g., the need to coordinate the behaviors and goals of the participants) and contextual fe…
Information Seeking and Avoiding in Health Contexts
Journal Article Information Seeking and Avoiding in Health Contexts Get access Dale E. Brashers, Dale E. Brashers 1University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2should be directed to Dale Brashers, Department of Speech Communication, University of Illinois, 702 S. Wright Street, #244 Lincoln Hall, Urbana IL 61801-3631 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Daena J. Goldsmith, Daena J. Goldsmith 1University of Illin…
Social Activism, Self-Advocacy, and Coping with Hiv Illness
Activist organizations are a relatively unique collective setting for people living with an HIV infection or AIDS. Communication within these organizations includes educational and motivational practices designed to facilitate change for the group and for its individual members. In this study, we examined differences between activist and nonactivist individuals (N = 174) with HIV or AIDS. Results demonstrated that, in comparison with nonactivists…
Communication and Uncertainty Management
Journal Article Communication and Uncertainty Management Get access Dale E. Brashers Dale E. Brashers 1Department of Speech Communication, University of Illinois, 702 S. Wright Street, #244 Lincoln Hall, Urbana, IL 61801–3631 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Communication, Volume 51, Issue 3, September 2001, Pages 477–497, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2001.tb02892.x Published: 10 January 2…
Majority-Minority Influence
In this paper, the authors investigate the argument activities of majority and minority factions in small group decision-making situations. We begin by identifying patterns of argument that characterize majority and minority communication in 34 discussions and then test several subgroup-outcome and argument-outcome links. Results indicate that winning and losing subgroups argue differently (as do minority and majority subgroups overall) and that …
'In an important way, I did die'
This study reports the revival experiences of persons who once were reconciled to their death from HIV/AIDS but who, as a result of dramatic treatment responses, now believe they may survive (popularly known as the Lazarus Syndrome). A purposive sample of men and women living with HIV infection or AIDS were interviewed in six focus groups. As part of a larger study of uncertainty in HIV illness, participants described their uncertainty accompanyi…
Changing Conceptions of "Message Effects" A 24-Year Overview
Jackson and Jacobs (1983) argued for three changes in the conduct of message effects research: inclusion of multiple message replications as instances of a treatment, recognition of message replications as a source of random variation in the estimation of treatment effects, and attention to issues of message sampling. This review updates their argument and examines 24 years of research published in Human Communication Research for evidence of att…
Argument in group decision making
For this research, we extended previous descriptive studies of group argument by (a) positing a theoretical process model of group argument and (b) investigating the predictive nature of argument ingroups. Following development of the group argument process model, we employed two frameworks—the Group Valence Model and two versions of the Distribution of Valence Model—to study the argument‐outcome link. We expanded all three models to include prop…
Information manipulation theory
>Information manipulation theory (IMT) applies Grice's (1975; 1989) conversational maxims to the design of deceptive messages, but ignores the role of implicatures in deception. As a result, IMT proposes a dubious editing model of deception and an implausible conception of what it is that makes a deceptive message misleading. An alternative model, based on Grice's theory of implicature, proposes that deception involves the manipulation of informa…
Truth and deception
M > 1
Journal Article M = 1: Analysis of Treatment × Replication Designs Get access Sally Jackson, Sally Jackson 1Sally Jackson is Associate Professor of Communication at the University of Arizona. Dale E. Brashers is now an instructor in the Department of Communication at Ohio State University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Dale E. Brashers Dale E. Brashers 1Sally Jackson is Associate Professor of Communicatio…
Messages as replications
defense of single-message designs from our suggestion that messages be replicated within experiments. We respond to each of these controversies. First, we examine their claim that "controlled " single-message designs completely eliminate all confounding of manipulated variables with other possible inßuences on the dependent variable and show it to rest on manifestly implausible assumptions. Second, we show why researchers should plan for the poss…
Majority-Minority Influence
In this paper, the authors investigate the argument activities of majority and minority factions in small group decision-making situations. We begin by identifying patterns of argument that characterize majority and minority communication in 34 discussions and then test several subgroup-outcome and argument-outcome links. Results indicate that winning and losing subgroups argue differently (as do minority and majority subgroups overall) and that …
Social Activism, Self-Advocacy, and Coping with Hiv Illness
Activist organizations are a relatively unique collective setting for people living with an HIV infection or AIDS. Communication within these organizations includes educational and motivational practices designed to facilitate change for the group and for its individual members. In this study, we examined differences between activist and nonactivist individuals (N = 174) with HIV or AIDS. Results demonstrated that, in comparison with nonactivists…
Messages as replications
defense of single-message designs from our suggestion that messages be replicated within experiments. We respond to each of these controversies. First, we examine their claim that "controlled " single-message designs completely eliminate all confounding of manipulated variables with other possible inßuences on the dependent variable and show it to rest on manifestly implausible assumptions. Second, we show why researchers should plan for the poss…
The Message Design Logics of Responses to HIV Disclosures
This article uses the theory of message design logics to investigate the relative sophistication of responses to disclosure of HIV status. In Study 1, 548 college students imagined a sibling revealing an HIV-positive diagnosis. Their responses to the HIV disclosures were coded as expressive (n = 174), conventional (n = 298), or rhetorical (n = 66). Type of message produced was associated with gender and HIV aversion. In Study 2, 459 individuals l…
Changing Conceptions of "Message Effects" A 24-Year Overview
Jackson and Jacobs (1983) argued for three changes in the conduct of message effects research: inclusion of multiple message replications as instances of a treatment, recognition of message replications as a source of random variation in the estimation of treatment effects, and attention to issues of message sampling. This review updates their argument and examines 24 years of research published in Human Communication Research for evidence of att…
Argument in group decision making
For this research, we extended previous descriptive studies of group argument by (a) positing a theoretical process model of group argument and (b) investigating the predictive nature of argument ingroups. Following development of the group argument process model, we employed two frameworks—the Group Valence Model and two versions of the Distribution of Valence Model—to study the argument‐outcome link. We expanded all three models to include prop…
Uncertain Terms
About 113 million Americans have reported seeking health information online; however, little is known about the quality (or qualities) of the information being retrieved. Users have reported seeking information about health issues in an attempt to reduce negatively appraised uncertainties (Brashers, 2007), but less is known about the ability of the retrieved information to increase or produce unwanted uncertainty. A content analysis of online can…
Medical, Personal, and Social Forms of Uncertainty Across the Transplantation Trajectory
We designed this study to identify sources of uncertainty across the transplantation trajectory. We interviewed 38 transplant patients, who reported medical, personal, and social forms of uncertainty. Prior to transplantation, they reported uncertainty related to insufficient information about diagnosis, complex decisions about transplantation, unknown/unknowable organ availability, unclear expectations about medical procedures/outcomes, ambiguit…
Extending the Conversational Argument Coding Scheme
The Conversational Argument Scheme (CAS) has been shaped by a host of researcher colleagues. Each revision has attempted to improve the scheme, apply it in a different context, or submit its data to unique analyses. All of these combined efforts have increased the scheme's utility, reliability, and validity. As part of this series of articles that trace the history of the CAS and speculate on its future, three revisions to the scheme are discusse…
M > 1
Journal Article M = 1: Analysis of Treatment × Replication Designs Get access Sally Jackson, Sally Jackson 1Sally Jackson is Associate Professor of Communication at the University of Arizona. Dale E. Brashers is now an instructor in the Department of Communication at Ohio State University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Dale E. Brashers Dale E. Brashers 1Sally Jackson is Associate Professor of Communicatio…
Truth and deception
Information manipulation theory
>Information manipulation theory (IMT) applies Grice's (1975; 1989) conversational maxims to the design of deceptive messages, but ignores the role of implicatures in deception. As a result, IMT proposes a dubious editing model of deception and an implausible conception of what it is that makes a deceptive message misleading. An alternative model, based on Grice's theory of implicature, proposes that deception involves the manipulation of informa…
Messages as replications
defense of single-message designs from our suggestion that messages be replicated within experiments. We respond to each of these controversies. First, we examine their claim that "controlled " single-message designs completely eliminate all confounding of manipulated variables with other possible inßuences on the dependent variable and show it to rest on manifestly implausible assumptions. Second, we show why researchers should plan for the poss…
M > 1
Journal Article M = 1: Analysis of Treatment × Replication Designs Get access Sally Jackson, Sally Jackson 1Sally Jackson is Associate Professor of Communication at the University of Arizona. Dale E. Brashers is now an instructor in the Department of Communication at Ohio State University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Dale E. Brashers Dale E. Brashers 1Sally Jackson is Associate Professor of Communicatio…
Information manipulation theory
>Information manipulation theory (IMT) applies Grice's (1975; 1989) conversational maxims to the design of deceptive messages, but ignores the role of implicatures in deception. As a result, IMT proposes a dubious editing model of deception and an implausible conception of what it is that makes a deceptive message misleading. An alternative model, based on Grice's theory of implicature, proposes that deception involves the manipulation of informa…
Truth and deception
Argument in group decision making
For this research, we extended previous descriptive studies of group argument by (a) positing a theoretical process model of group argument and (b) investigating the predictive nature of argument ingroups. Following development of the group argument process model, we employed two frameworks—the Group Valence Model and two versions of the Distribution of Valence Model—to study the argument‐outcome link. We expanded all three models to include prop…
'In an important way, I did die'
This study reports the revival experiences of persons who once were reconciled to their death from HIV/AIDS but who, as a result of dramatic treatment responses, now believe they may survive (popularly known as the Lazarus Syndrome). A purposive sample of men and women living with HIV infection or AIDS were interviewed in six focus groups. As part of a larger study of uncertainty in HIV illness, participants described their uncertainty accompanyi…
Changing Conceptions of "Message Effects" A 24-Year Overview
Jackson and Jacobs (1983) argued for three changes in the conduct of message effects research: inclusion of multiple message replications as instances of a treatment, recognition of message replications as a source of random variation in the estimation of treatment effects, and attention to issues of message sampling. This review updates their argument and examines 24 years of research published in Human Communication Research for evidence of att…
Majority-Minority Influence
In this paper, the authors investigate the argument activities of majority and minority factions in small group decision-making situations. We begin by identifying patterns of argument that characterize majority and minority communication in 34 discussions and then test several subgroup-outcome and argument-outcome links. Results indicate that winning and losing subgroups argue differently (as do minority and majority subgroups overall) and that …
Communication and Uncertainty Management
Journal Article Communication and Uncertainty Management Get access Dale E. Brashers Dale E. Brashers 1Department of Speech Communication, University of Illinois, 702 S. Wright Street, #244 Lincoln Hall, Urbana, IL 61801–3631 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Communication, Volume 51, Issue 3, September 2001, Pages 477–497, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2001.tb02892.x Published: 10 January 2…
Information Seeking and Avoiding in Health Contexts
Information management is an important component of coping with illness and illness-related uncertainty. Normative theory and research on information seeking and avoiding in health contexts can help explain why some information management activities are more adaptive than others. Challenges and dilemmas of information management include relational demands (e.g., the need to coordinate the behaviors and goals of the participants) and contextual fe…
Information Seeking and Avoiding in Health Contexts
Journal Article Information Seeking and Avoiding in Health Contexts Get access Dale E. Brashers, Dale E. Brashers 1University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2should be directed to Dale Brashers, Department of Speech Communication, University of Illinois, 702 S. Wright Street, #244 Lincoln Hall, Urbana IL 61801-3631 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Daena J. Goldsmith, Daena J. Goldsmith 1University of Illin…
Social Activism, Self-Advocacy, and Coping with Hiv Illness
Activist organizations are a relatively unique collective setting for people living with an HIV infection or AIDS. Communication within these organizations includes educational and motivational practices designed to facilitate change for the group and for its individual members. In this study, we examined differences between activist and nonactivist individuals (N = 174) with HIV or AIDS. Results demonstrated that, in comparison with nonactivists…
Social Support and the Management of Uncertainty for People Living With HIV or Aids
People with chronic and acute illnesses experience uncertainty about their prognoses, potential treatments, social relationships, and identity concerns. In a focus group study of people living with HIV or AIDS, we examined how social support may facilitate or interfere with the management of uncertainty about health, identity, and relationships. We found that support from others helps people with HIV or AIDS to manage uncertainty by (a) assisting…
The Message Design Logics of Responses to HIV Disclosures
This article uses the theory of message design logics to investigate the relative sophistication of responses to disclosure of HIV status. In Study 1, 548 college students imagined a sibling revealing an HIV-positive diagnosis. Their responses to the HIV disclosures were coded as expressive (n = 174), conventional (n = 298), or rhetorical (n = 66). Type of message produced was associated with gender and HIV aversion. In Study 2, 459 individuals l…
Extending the Conversational Argument Coding Scheme
The Conversational Argument Scheme (CAS) has been shaped by a host of researcher colleagues. Each revision has attempted to improve the scheme, apply it in a different context, or submit its data to unique analyses. All of these combined efforts have increased the scheme's utility, reliability, and validity. As part of this series of articles that trace the history of the CAS and speculate on its future, three revisions to the scheme are discusse…
Medical, Personal, and Social Forms of Uncertainty Across the Transplantation Trajectory
We designed this study to identify sources of uncertainty across the transplantation trajectory. We interviewed 38 transplant patients, who reported medical, personal, and social forms of uncertainty. Prior to transplantation, they reported uncertainty related to insufficient information about diagnosis, complex decisions about transplantation, unknown/unknowable organ availability, unclear expectations about medical procedures/outcomes, ambiguit…
Uncertain Terms
About 113 million Americans have reported seeking health information online; however, little is known about the quality (or qualities) of the information being retrieved. Users have reported seeking information about health issues in an attempt to reduce negatively appraised uncertainties (Brashers, 2007), but less is known about the ability of the retrieved information to increase or produce unwanted uncertainty. A content analysis of online can…
Avoiding Health Information
This study investigated why and how individuals avoid health information to support the development of models of uncertainty and information management and offer insights for those dealing with the information and uncertainty inherent to health and illness. Participants from student (n = 507) and community (n = 418) samples reported that they avoided health information to (a) maintain hope or deniability, (b) resist overexposure, (c) accept limit…
Psychology (17 obras) · Social Psychology (13 obras) · Computer Science (10 obras) · Social Psychology (8 obras) · Medicine (7 obras) · Argument (complex analysis (4 obras) · Mathematics (4 obras) · Misinformation and Its Impacts (4 obras) · Political science (4 obras) · Sociology (4 obras)