Shimona Kealy
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 112967 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Shimona Kealy |
| PRENOMES | Shimona |
| SOBRENOME | Kealy |
| ASSINATURA | KEALY S |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Australian National University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0646-1313 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 37 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 269 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 37 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2016 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
Marsupial translocations in the Circum–New Guinea archipelago and a model for prehistoric maritime mobility
Marsupial translocations provide one of the clearest zooarchaeological signatures of long-term maritime connectivity in the Circum–New Guinea Archipelago (CNGA). The presence of marsupials on islands beyond Australia and New Guinea has long posed a challenge for biogeographic interpretation because these mammals are generally poor over-water dispersers. Archaeological and zoological research has therefore suggested that many island populations re…
From the Sky to the Garden
Papua New Guinea’s capital, Port Moresby, is growing rapidly, and housing development has not kept pace. Thousands arrive in the city each year from rural villages, and many come to live in the city’s sprawling urban squatter settlements. The National Capital District Commission lacks reliable population data for these so-called “self-help” settlements, posing a challenge for urban planning and the allocation of scarce development resources in a …
The emergence of pottery-using communities in Lautem District, Timor Leste
The initial use of pottery in Island Southeast Asia has been a much-debated topic prompting researchers to highlight various characteristics to explain its uneven temporal and spatial distribution throughout the region. Many scholars identify the Neolithic associations of pottery and highlight diagnostic qualities such as red-slipping, while others point out that pottery first occurs at many locations during the Metal Age and is characterised by …
A Mixed Coastal–Terrestrial Model of Adaptation in Isea Reflecting on the Two Southern Routes of Early Modern Human Migration
This study revisits models of early modern human–coastal adaptation in Island Southeast Asia, a region central to understanding two major dispersal events: the initial Out of Africa movement towards southern Asia and the subsequent colonisation of Sahul via Wallacea. We distinguish episodic or opportunistic pre-Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) sea crossings from sustained, year-round coastal subsistence, which appears to have intensified only after the…
Fluctuating local mobility from the end of the Pleistocene to the end of the Holocene on the north coast of New Guinea
The Watinglo rockshelter provides an occupation record from the central north coast of New Guinea from 13 ka to the last few hundred years, with a hiatus in the later Holocene. Examination of the lithic artefacts from this sequence suggests that within a paradigm of technological continuity and local resource procurement, there were notable fluctuations in the use of particular materials and the intensity with which the site was used. This sugges…
Recovering a legend
State of the Field
Computational approaches, methodologies, and theoretical considerations for studying seafaring have developed rapidly in recent decades. However, these approaches often remained isolated from traditional archaeological discourse, with researchers working separately from each other and practitioners, while independently developing overlapping methodologies. Researchers can struggle to contextualize their work in this complex and rapidly developing…
Staple or delicacy
Sea urchins are consumed in many parts of the world today. Human consumption of these marine invertebrates can be traced back to at least the Late Pleistocene in various archaeological sites from Island Southeast Asia. Makpan Cave, on Alor Island in Indonesia, is one of the earliest Wallacean prehistoric sites with an occupation record beginning ∼43,000 years ago. Coastal resources (i.e., shellfish, barnacle, crab, and sea urchin) play a dominant…
Living Seaward
Natar Fampompar is a stone boat ceremonial structure (natar) in the village of Sangliat Dol on Yamdena Island, Tanimbar Islands, Island Southeast Asia. Located in the village center, it is the only Tanimbarese natar that continues to be used for clan meetings and ceremonial events. As such, it arguably represents the most significant cultural site for understanding Tanimbarese tradition. This article documents the Natar Fampompar and six associat…
Exploring Changing Occupation Dynamics at the Lakeside Cave Site Matja Kuru 2, Timor-Leste
Exploring changing occupation dynamics at the lakeside cave site Matja Kuru 2, Timor-Leste
The cave site known as Matja Kuru 2 (MK2) in Timor-Leste was first occupied ∼40 kya. Of the caves investigated thus far in Timor-Leste MK2 is unique in being located proximal to a large freshwater lake, Ira Lalaro, providing the opportunity to examine changing occupation dynamics in a lakeside environment from the Late Pleistocene through to the late Holocene. We present the analysis of the Matja Kuru 2 assemblage including the stone, ochre, shel…
New archaeological discoveries in north-central Timor-Leste indicate sociocultural adaptations to landscape change during the Holocene
During the Holocene, Wallacea saw dramatic sociocultural changes during the Pre-ceramic, Neolithic, Metal-age, and Colonial periods, as well as climatic and associated environmental changes that affected the landscapes and ecologies of islands. These environmental and cultural processes appear to have influenced human socioeconomic adaptations throughout the archipelago. Here, we present new anthropological and archaeological data demonstrating t…
Shell-beading traditions at Asitau Kuru (Timor-Leste)
Sequins from the sea
One defining characteristic of Homo sapiens is the production and use of personal ornamentation. Evidence from Africa and western Eurasia has dominated discussion, but a growing number of finds directs attention towards Island Southeast Asia. In this article, the authors report on an assemblage of Nautilus shell beads from the Indonesian cave site of Makpan, Alor Island. The highly standardised forms, mostly with two perforations, and evidence of…
Diversity and continuity in the pottery traditions of the Wallacean islands
Sailing the deep blue sea
Recent discovery of painted rock art on Wetang Island in the Babar Island group, Maluku Province, Indonesia, reflects the central place of boats in the daily lives of island peoples, as well as their paramount ritual and symbolic role in Maluku, and more broadly across Island Southeast Asia. In addition to boats, the Wetang sites contain images of domestic animals, as well as a unique image of an apparent macropod (a marsupial mammal of the famil…
Terminal Pleistocene emergence of maritime interaction networks across Wallacea
The crossing of the Wallacean islands and settlement of Sahul by modern humans over 50,000 years ago, represents the earliest successful seafaring of our species anywhere in the world. Archaeological research throughout this vast island archipelago has recovered evidence for varied patterns in island occupation, with accumulating evidence suggesting a significant change in cultural activities and interaction amongst island communities following t…
Fishhooks, Lures, and Sinkers
While fishhook technology is currently known to date back to ca. 22,000 cal. BP, almost all Pleistocene-aged assemblages consist of less than 10 artifacts, restricting the ability of archaeologists to reconstruct the technology. Excavations at Makpan Cave on Alor Island (Indonesia), however, has recovered an extensive assemblage of marine shell material culture, including an unprecedented number of fishhook artifacts. Here we describe 214 jabbing…
Faces in the Stone
Engraving sites are rare in mainland and Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) where painted art dominates the prehistoric artistic record. Here we report two new engraving sites from the Tutuala region of Timor-Leste comprising mostly humanoid forms carved into speleothem columns in rock-shelters. Engraved face motifs have previously been reported from Lene Hara Cave in this same region, and one was dated to the Pleistocene–Holocene transition using the …
Asymmetric midshaft femur remodeling in an adult male with left sided hip joint ankylosis, Metal Period Nagsabaran, Philippines
The rock art of Kisar Island, Indonesia
We report 40 recently discovered rock art sites from Kisar Island in eastern Indonesia and investigate the commonalities between this art and painted art in other islands of Indonesia and in Timor-Leste. Predominantly painted, the art can be broadly divided into three categories: 1) small figurative motifs including humans, animals, boats and items of material culture, 2) a range of geometrics, both curvilinear and rectilinear, and 3) hand and ar…
The biogeographic threshold of Wallacea in human evolution
A different paradigm for the colonisation of Sahul
Allen and O'Connell published “A different paradigm for the initial colonisation of Sahul” in the first number of Archaeology in Oceania this year (55: 1–14). We invited comments from several scholars and a riposte from the authors
Kisar, a small island participant in an extensive maritime obsidian network in the Wallacean Archipelago
Shell Adzes, Exotic Obsidian, and Inter-Island Voyaging in the Early and Middle Holocene of Wallacea
The environmental extremes of the Last Glacial Maximum and the subsequent warming and sea-level rise into the Holocene had profound implications for human behavior across much of the world. In northern New Guinea, the Maluku Islands, and the Philippines, shell adzes appear during this period alongside contact between islands. In this paper we present new data from the site of Asitau Kuru, Timor-Leste, to show that the creation of shell adzes and …
Hominin Dispersal and Settlement East of Huxley's Line
The thousands of islands east of Huxley's Line have never formed a single land mass or been connected to Sunda or Sahul. The earliest records of hominins in this area are stone tools recovered from Pleistocene deposits on Flores and Sulawesi. Subsistence by these hominins as well as the later subsistence patterns exhibited by Homo floresiensis suggest that exploitation of marine resources was, at best, rare and opportunistic. Likewise, the fragme…
A new 44,000-year sequence from Asitau Kuru (Jerimalai), Timor-Leste, indicates long-term continuity in human behaviour
Kisar and the Archaeology of Small Islands in the Wallacean Archipelago
The occupation of small islands presents particular challenges for people largely related to limited terrestrial resources and susceptibility to natural disasters. Nevertheless, the challenges and risks inherent in maintaining stable populations on small islands can be offset or overcome through the use of maritime technologies and exchange networks. The archaeology of Here Sorot Entapa rockshelter (HSE) on Kisar Island in the Wallacean Archipela…
Reconstructing Palaeogeography and Inter‐island Visibility in the Wallacean Archipelago During the Likely Period of Sahul Colonization, 65–45 000 Years Ago
The palaeogeography of the Wallacea Archipelago is a significant factor in understanding early modern human colonization of Sahul (Australia and New Guinea), and models of colonization patterns, as well as archaeological survey and site interpretation, are all heavily dependent on the specific palaeogeographic reconstruction employed. Here we present five reconstructions for the periods 65, 60, 55, 50, and 45 000 years ago, using the latest batho…
The biogeographic threshold of Wallacea in human evolution
Terminal Pleistocene emergence of maritime interaction networks across Wallacea
The crossing of the Wallacean islands and settlement of Sahul by modern humans over 50,000 years ago, represents the earliest successful seafaring of our species anywhere in the world. Archaeological research throughout this vast island archipelago has recovered evidence for varied patterns in island occupation, with accumulating evidence suggesting a significant change in cultural activities and interaction amongst island communities following t…
Late Pleistocene/early Holocene maritime interaction in Southeastern Indonesia – Timor Leste
Late Quaternary hominin–bat (Chiroptera) interactions in the Asia‐Pacific
This paper reviews the zooarchaeological and historical evidence of insular bat hunting in the Asia‐Pacific, spanning the late Pleistocene to the ethnographic present. A sample of archaeofauna assemblages (n = 18) examined from both cave and open beach archaeological sites reveal a number of issues, which may have obscured archaeological interpretations. These include variability in identification protocols and taphonomic assessment of assemblage…
Least-cost pathway models indicate northern human dispersal from Sunda to Sahul
Archaeological records from Australia provide the earliest, indirect evidence for maritime crossings by early modern humans, as the islands to the north-west of the continent (Wallacea) have never been connected to the mainland. Suggested in 1977 by Joseph B. Birdsell, the two main routes from Sunda (mainland Southeast Asia) to Sahul (Australia-New Guinea), still in debate today, are a northern route through Sulawesi with a landing in New Guinea,…
Fishing in life and death
Fishhooks, Lures, and Sinkers
While fishhook technology is currently known to date back to ca. 22,000 cal. BP, almost all Pleistocene-aged assemblages consist of less than 10 artifacts, restricting the ability of archaeologists to reconstruct the technology. Excavations at Makpan Cave on Alor Island (Indonesia), however, has recovered an extensive assemblage of marine shell material culture, including an unprecedented number of fishhook artifacts. Here we describe 214 jabbing…
Human foraging responses to climate change; Here Sorot Entapa rockshelter on Kisar Island
This study explores prehistoric human subsistence adaptations within the context of changing marine and terrestrial environments on the tiny Island of Kisar, beginning during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition around 15,000 years ago (ka). We use zooarchaeological data on faunal remains (vertebrates and invertebrates) recovered from Here Sorot Entapa rockshelter (HSE) in temporal relationship to climate data from Flores to document prehistoric h…
Sequins from the sea
One defining characteristic of Homo sapiens is the production and use of personal ornamentation. Evidence from Africa and western Eurasia has dominated discussion, but a growing number of finds directs attention towards Island Southeast Asia. In this article, the authors report on an assemblage of Nautilus shell beads from the Indonesian cave site of Makpan, Alor Island. The highly standardised forms, mostly with two perforations, and evidence of…
Shell Adzes, Exotic Obsidian, and Inter-Island Voyaging in the Early and Middle Holocene of Wallacea
The environmental extremes of the Last Glacial Maximum and the subsequent warming and sea-level rise into the Holocene had profound implications for human behavior across much of the world. In northern New Guinea, the Maluku Islands, and the Philippines, shell adzes appear during this period alongside contact between islands. In this paper we present new data from the site of Asitau Kuru, Timor-Leste, to show that the creation of shell adzes and …
Ideology, Ritual Performance and Its Manifestations in the Rock Art of Timor-Leste and Kisar Island, Island Southeast Asia
Painted rock art occurs throughout the islands of the Western Pacific and has previously been argued to have motif and design elements in common, indicating that it was created within the context of a shared symbolic system. Here we report five new painted rock-art sites from Kisar Island in eastern Indonesia and investigate the commonalities between this art and the painted art corpus in Timor-Leste, the independent nation that forms the eastern…
New archaeological discoveries in north-central Timor-Leste indicate sociocultural adaptations to landscape change during the Holocene
During the Holocene, Wallacea saw dramatic sociocultural changes during the Pre-ceramic, Neolithic, Metal-age, and Colonial periods, as well as climatic and associated environmental changes that affected the landscapes and ecologies of islands. These environmental and cultural processes appear to have influenced human socioeconomic adaptations throughout the archipelago. Here, we present new anthropological and archaeological data demonstrating t…
Kisar, a small island participant in an extensive maritime obsidian network in the Wallacean Archipelago
New engraving finds in Alor Island, Indonesia extend known distribution of engravings in Oceania
Staple or delicacy
Sea urchins are consumed in many parts of the world today. Human consumption of these marine invertebrates can be traced back to at least the Late Pleistocene in various archaeological sites from Island Southeast Asia. Makpan Cave, on Alor Island in Indonesia, is one of the earliest Wallacean prehistoric sites with an occupation record beginning ∼43,000 years ago. Coastal resources (i.e., shellfish, barnacle, crab, and sea urchin) play a dominant…
Faces in the Stone
Engraving sites are rare in mainland and Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) where painted art dominates the prehistoric artistic record. Here we report two new engraving sites from the Tutuala region of Timor-Leste comprising mostly humanoid forms carved into speleothem columns in rock-shelters. Engraved face motifs have previously been reported from Lene Hara Cave in this same region, and one was dated to the Pleistocene–Holocene transition using the …
The rock art of Kisar Island, Indonesia
We report 40 recently discovered rock art sites from Kisar Island in eastern Indonesia and investigate the commonalities between this art and painted art in other islands of Indonesia and in Timor-Leste. Predominantly painted, the art can be broadly divided into three categories: 1) small figurative motifs including humans, animals, boats and items of material culture, 2) a range of geometrics, both curvilinear and rectilinear, and 3) hand and ar…
Exploring changing occupation dynamics at the lakeside cave site Matja Kuru 2, Timor-Leste
The cave site known as Matja Kuru 2 (MK2) in Timor-Leste was first occupied ∼40 kya. Of the caves investigated thus far in Timor-Leste MK2 is unique in being located proximal to a large freshwater lake, Ira Lalaro, providing the opportunity to examine changing occupation dynamics in a lakeside environment from the Late Pleistocene through to the late Holocene. We present the analysis of the Matja Kuru 2 assemblage including the stone, ochre, shel…
Shell-beading traditions at Asitau Kuru (Timor-Leste)
A different paradigm for the colonisation of Sahul
Allen and O'Connell published “A different paradigm for the initial colonisation of Sahul” in the first number of Archaeology in Oceania this year (55: 1–14). We invited comments from several scholars and a riposte from the authors
Living Seaward
Natar Fampompar is a stone boat ceremonial structure (natar) in the village of Sangliat Dol on Yamdena Island, Tanimbar Islands, Island Southeast Asia. Located in the village center, it is the only Tanimbarese natar that continues to be used for clan meetings and ceremonial events. As such, it arguably represents the most significant cultural site for understanding Tanimbarese tradition. This article documents the Natar Fampompar and six associat…
Islands Under the Sea
Wallacea is the transitional biogeographic zone between the continents of Sunda (Southeast Asia) and Sahul (Australian-New Guinea). It consists of a series of island chains unique in the region for never having been connected to either continent. Movement of early modern humans from Sunda to Sahul during the late Pleistocene required dispersal through Wallacea, and hence would have necessitated sea crossings. However, the archeological evidence f…
Late Pleistocene/early Holocene maritime interaction in Southeastern Indonesia – Timor Leste
Late Quaternary hominin–bat (Chiroptera) interactions in the Asia‐Pacific
This paper reviews the zooarchaeological and historical evidence of insular bat hunting in the Asia‐Pacific, spanning the late Pleistocene to the ethnographic present. A sample of archaeofauna assemblages (n = 18) examined from both cave and open beach archaeological sites reveal a number of issues, which may have obscured archaeological interpretations. These include variability in identification protocols and taphonomic assessment of assemblage…
New engraving finds in Alor Island, Indonesia extend known distribution of engravings in Oceania
Reconstructing Palaeogeography and Inter‐island Visibility in the Wallacean Archipelago During the Likely Period of Sahul Colonization, 65–45 000 Years Ago
The palaeogeography of the Wallacea Archipelago is a significant factor in understanding early modern human colonization of Sahul (Australia and New Guinea), and models of colonization patterns, as well as archaeological survey and site interpretation, are all heavily dependent on the specific palaeogeographic reconstruction employed. Here we present five reconstructions for the periods 65, 60, 55, 50, and 45 000 years ago, using the latest batho…
Fishing in life and death
Hominin Dispersal and Settlement East of Huxley's Line
The thousands of islands east of Huxley's Line have never formed a single land mass or been connected to Sunda or Sahul. The earliest records of hominins in this area are stone tools recovered from Pleistocene deposits on Flores and Sulawesi. Subsistence by these hominins as well as the later subsistence patterns exhibited by Homo floresiensis suggest that exploitation of marine resources was, at best, rare and opportunistic. Likewise, the fragme…
Kisar and the Archaeology of Small Islands in the Wallacean Archipelago
The occupation of small islands presents particular challenges for people largely related to limited terrestrial resources and susceptibility to natural disasters. Nevertheless, the challenges and risks inherent in maintaining stable populations on small islands can be offset or overcome through the use of maritime technologies and exchange networks. The archaeology of Here Sorot Entapa rockshelter (HSE) on Kisar Island in the Wallacean Archipela…
Ideology, Ritual Performance and Its Manifestations in the Rock Art of Timor-Leste and Kisar Island, Island Southeast Asia
Painted rock art occurs throughout the islands of the Western Pacific and has previously been argued to have motif and design elements in common, indicating that it was created within the context of a shared symbolic system. Here we report five new painted rock-art sites from Kisar Island in eastern Indonesia and investigate the commonalities between this art and the painted art corpus in Timor-Leste, the independent nation that forms the eastern…
Least-cost pathway models indicate northern human dispersal from Sunda to Sahul
Archaeological records from Australia provide the earliest, indirect evidence for maritime crossings by early modern humans, as the islands to the north-west of the continent (Wallacea) have never been connected to the mainland. Suggested in 1977 by Joseph B. Birdsell, the two main routes from Sunda (mainland Southeast Asia) to Sahul (Australia-New Guinea), still in debate today, are a northern route through Sulawesi with a landing in New Guinea,…
Kisar, a small island participant in an extensive maritime obsidian network in the Wallacean Archipelago
Shell Adzes, Exotic Obsidian, and Inter-Island Voyaging in the Early and Middle Holocene of Wallacea
The environmental extremes of the Last Glacial Maximum and the subsequent warming and sea-level rise into the Holocene had profound implications for human behavior across much of the world. In northern New Guinea, the Maluku Islands, and the Philippines, shell adzes appear during this period alongside contact between islands. In this paper we present new data from the site of Asitau Kuru, Timor-Leste, to show that the creation of shell adzes and …
Human foraging responses to climate change; Here Sorot Entapa rockshelter on Kisar Island
This study explores prehistoric human subsistence adaptations within the context of changing marine and terrestrial environments on the tiny Island of Kisar, beginning during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition around 15,000 years ago (ka). We use zooarchaeological data on faunal remains (vertebrates and invertebrates) recovered from Here Sorot Entapa rockshelter (HSE) in temporal relationship to climate data from Flores to document prehistoric h…
A new 44,000-year sequence from Asitau Kuru (Jerimalai), Timor-Leste, indicates long-term continuity in human behaviour
Asymmetric midshaft femur remodeling in an adult male with left sided hip joint ankylosis, Metal Period Nagsabaran, Philippines
The rock art of Kisar Island, Indonesia
We report 40 recently discovered rock art sites from Kisar Island in eastern Indonesia and investigate the commonalities between this art and painted art in other islands of Indonesia and in Timor-Leste. Predominantly painted, the art can be broadly divided into three categories: 1) small figurative motifs including humans, animals, boats and items of material culture, 2) a range of geometrics, both curvilinear and rectilinear, and 3) hand and ar…
The biogeographic threshold of Wallacea in human evolution
A different paradigm for the colonisation of Sahul
Allen and O'Connell published “A different paradigm for the initial colonisation of Sahul” in the first number of Archaeology in Oceania this year (55: 1–14). We invited comments from several scholars and a riposte from the authors
Fishhooks, Lures, and Sinkers
While fishhook technology is currently known to date back to ca. 22,000 cal. BP, almost all Pleistocene-aged assemblages consist of less than 10 artifacts, restricting the ability of archaeologists to reconstruct the technology. Excavations at Makpan Cave on Alor Island (Indonesia), however, has recovered an extensive assemblage of marine shell material culture, including an unprecedented number of fishhook artifacts. Here we describe 214 jabbing…
Faces in the Stone
Engraving sites are rare in mainland and Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) where painted art dominates the prehistoric artistic record. Here we report two new engraving sites from the Tutuala region of Timor-Leste comprising mostly humanoid forms carved into speleothem columns in rock-shelters. Engraved face motifs have previously been reported from Lene Hara Cave in this same region, and one was dated to the Pleistocene–Holocene transition using the …
Diversity and continuity in the pottery traditions of the Wallacean islands
Sailing the deep blue sea
Recent discovery of painted rock art on Wetang Island in the Babar Island group, Maluku Province, Indonesia, reflects the central place of boats in the daily lives of island peoples, as well as their paramount ritual and symbolic role in Maluku, and more broadly across Island Southeast Asia. In addition to boats, the Wetang sites contain images of domestic animals, as well as a unique image of an apparent macropod (a marsupial mammal of the famil…
Terminal Pleistocene emergence of maritime interaction networks across Wallacea
The crossing of the Wallacean islands and settlement of Sahul by modern humans over 50,000 years ago, represents the earliest successful seafaring of our species anywhere in the world. Archaeological research throughout this vast island archipelago has recovered evidence for varied patterns in island occupation, with accumulating evidence suggesting a significant change in cultural activities and interaction amongst island communities following t…
Exploring Changing Occupation Dynamics at the Lakeside Cave Site Matja Kuru 2, Timor-Leste
Exploring changing occupation dynamics at the lakeside cave site Matja Kuru 2, Timor-Leste
The cave site known as Matja Kuru 2 (MK2) in Timor-Leste was first occupied ∼40 kya. Of the caves investigated thus far in Timor-Leste MK2 is unique in being located proximal to a large freshwater lake, Ira Lalaro, providing the opportunity to examine changing occupation dynamics in a lakeside environment from the Late Pleistocene through to the late Holocene. We present the analysis of the Matja Kuru 2 assemblage including the stone, ochre, shel…
Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies (32 obras) · Archaeology (30 obras) · Geography (28 obras) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (24 obras) · Geology (16 obras) · Pleistocene (16 obras) · History (14 obras) · Paleontology (12 obras) · Archipelago (11 obras) · Cave (10 obras)