Claire Bénit-Gbaffou
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 114505 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Claire Bénit-Gbaffou |
| PRENOMES | Claire |
| SOBRENOME | Bénit-Gbaffou |
| ASSINATURA | BÉNIT-GBAFFOU C |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of the Witwatersrand |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8827-2462 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 31 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 179 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 30 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2004 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
Wrestling with Context
International audience
Producing Planning Knowledge
This paper addresses an important, but under-studied, pathway for knowledge production in the field of urban planning: the practitioner engaging with academia through the writing of a PhD. Drawing on our own experiences of doctoral mentoring, in dialogue with PhD candidates, we reflect on the questions and challenges this form of knowledge production raises. The paper aims to extend planning theory’s recognition of ‘multiple epistemologies’ (Sand…
Gouverner les espaces publics urbains
À partir de l’observation ethnographique d’une instance ad hoc de gestion de proximité des espaces publics littoraux à l’Estaque (Marseille), l’article contribue à un domaine sous-exploré et très polarisé de la littérature sur la gouvernance urbaine – la gouvernance, la gestion et la régulation des espaces publics urbains. La résolution des « problèmes » qui surgissent dans ces espaces publics littoraux (rares et densément utilisés l’été par des …
Politics and Community-Based Research
This book is a new and courageous examination of the complexity of embedded research.It is an honest and insightful reflection that ... challenges and deepens arguments around spaces of participation through theoretical reflection and, more centrally, through the actual experience of the embedded research of Yeoville Studio.It is an important work for this and other reasons
Unpacking State Practices in City-Making,in Conversations with Ananya Roy
International audience
Beyond the Policy-Implementation Gap
Contemporary cities are said to have become ‘ungovernable’, especially in the Global South. They are certainly more difficult to govern due to the complexification of states’ apparatus (under the double dynamics of neoliberalisation and decentralisation), cities’ larger size, massive poverty, and informality. Yet, the ungovernability thesis arguably stems from a theoretical shift, from local government to urban governance, that has rendered the q…
Governing street trading in contemporary cities. Anatomy of the policy instruments used by the City of Johannesburg in the post-apartheid era
The paper interrogates how street trading is governed in contemporary cities of the South, based on the example of Johannesburg. It excavates policy choices made by municipal officials and politicians, understood through the set of policy instruments (not only policy documents, institutions and tools, but also non-tools) that they have framed and used for almost two decades, beyond public rhetoric that is arguably misleading. The paper provides a…
L’informalité politique en ville. 8 chercheurs et 9 villes face aux modes de gouvernement urbain
En 2010, un collectif de 8 chercheurs, géographes et sociologue, lance le programme de recherche « Informalité, pouvoirs et envers des espaces urbains - Inverses ». Ce texte retrace le parcours de ce collectif, la manière dont il a construit une analyse commune et positionné sa problématique et ses recherches par rapport aux questionnements contemporains sur les pouvoirs urbains. Il propose de voir comment la notion d’informalité politique a émer…
Do street traders have the ‘right to the city’? The politics of street trader organisations in inner city Johannesburg, post-Operation Clean Sweep
Street trader organisations are paradoxical objects of study. Their claims resist being analysed through the ‘right to the city’ lens, so contested are rights to inner city spaces between multiple users, not all of them in dominant socioeconomic positions; and so ambiguous is the figure of the street trader, oppressed but also appropriating public space for profit, increasingly claiming, in neoliberalising cities, an entrepreneurial identity. In …
Actualité de Fanon dans les mouvements étudiants sud-africains contemporains
La figure tutélaire de Frantz Fanon est régulièrement brandie par les mouvements étudiants sud-africains en révolte contre l'institution universitaire et contre le gouvernement. Dans cet entretien, Achille Mbembe, qui, au-delà de son propre travail sur l'œuvre de Fanon, s'est personnellement engagé et exposé dans le débat sur la décolonisation de l'université et des savoirs en Afrique du Sud, revient sur les diverses mobilisations dont Fanon, « f…
Community Leadership and the Construction of Political Legitimacy
Apart from local monographs and normative texts on community participation, research on community leadership constitutes a blind spot in urban leadership, urban politics, social movements and urban studies. This article, based on case studies in post-apartheid Johannesburg, contributes to theorizing community leadership, or informal local political leadership, by exploring Bourdieu's concepts of 'political capital' and 'double dealings'. Consider…
Against ourselves – Local activists and the management of contradicting political loyalties
Party politics, the poor and the city
Circulation of Security Models in Southern African Cities
This symposium focuses on the circulation of security governance models in cities of Southern Africa (Johannesburg, Cape Town, Windhoek and Maputo). It consists of three articles analysing at different scales (regional, national and intra-urban) the circulation of specific neighbourhood-based solutions to security issues, such as road closures, gated residential developments and business improvement districts. This spreading process, with the Sou…
Local Politics and the Circulation of Community Security Initiatives in Johannesburg
The article analyses the emergence and circulation of community-driven security initiatives in two types of setting in Johannesburg, South Africa: street patrols and community courts in pre-apartheid and apartheid townships on the one hand; road closures in post-apartheid middle-class suburbs on the other. In spite of the obvious contrasts, the two types of community security initiatives share two important features: originating in a series of co…
Expressions de la xénophobie en réunion publique et construction d'une identité de quartier
Dans les villes sud-africaines, les réunions publiques de quartier font partie de la vie populaire ordinaire. Depuis 1994 et l'élection d'un régime démocratique, elles font l'objet de fortes dynamiques d'institutionnalisation, qui en transforment les fonctionnements et les enjeux. Cet article s'appuie sur le cas de Yeoville, un quartier de Johannesbourg, et analyse le rôle crucial que joue le leadership local dans la construction, à travers ces r…
Party politics, civil society and local democracy – Reflections from Johannesburg
Up Close and Personal' - How does Local Democracy Help the Poor Access the State? Stories of Accountability and Clientelism in Johannesburg
The paper revisits participation and decentralization in relation to local clientelism, arguing that they share the personalization of links between residents and the state and the local possibility to adapt state policies. The line between decentralization-participation on the one hand, and clientelism on the other, is therefore easily blurred. The paper then argues that clientelism is not per se anti-democratic, some forms allow for local and i…
Accessing the State
This special issue explores everyday practices and politics of accessing the state and state resources from a southern, urban perspective. The collection of papers documents, urban low-income residents’ everyday relationships with the state, through the study of actual practices of interaction with a range of state representatives at the local level (councilors and officials, at various levels of local government). Formal and informal, legal and …
Célébrer l'ordinaire
Illustration 1 – The Ridge, Johannesburg, 2010Cette photographie, prise par un étudiant de troisième année à la School of Architecture and Planning de Wits dans le cadre du projet de recherche/action Yeoville Studio, représente « The Ridge » à Johannesburg. The Ridge marque la frontière entre le quartier de Yeoville et les quartiers denses de Berea et Hillbrow (arrière plan de la photo) dans l’inner city. Cet espace interstitiel est un lieu privi…
Who control the streets? Crime, ‘communities’ and the state in post-apartheid Johannesburg
The most effective means of controlling and preventing crime is the reestablishment of effective means of community and social control. In post-apartheid Johannesburg, the issue of control over public spaces revolved around crime and insecurity. The demise of the apartheid regime and the end of South Africas international isolation has accelerated socio-economic transformations, in particular the shift towards a post-modern economy. Community pol…
Sécurité et gouvernance flexible à Johannesburg et au Cap
Depuis l’abolition de l’ apartheid , les montages sécuritaires locaux prolifèrent au Cap et à Johannesburg. Ils reposent sur des partenariats très variés entre pouvoirs publics et acteurs non étatiques. Or les premiers hésitent à légiférer et font, en la matière, des choix instables dans le temps et différenciés dans l’espace métropolitain. Notre hypothèse est que cela reflète une redéfinition de la nature du pouvoir de l’État et de son rapport à…
Community Policing and Disputed Norms for Local Social Control in Post-Apartheid Johannesburg
Ryan Carrier (1999), reflecting on policing in South Africa, has pointed out that there may be different types of order that are not necessarily mutually exclusive: he argues that the type of order that the state seeks to guarantee may be different from the type of order that businesses, affluent suburbs, townships and corporations wish to establish or preserve. He concludes by saying that different types of order may call for different types of …
Communities, the Private Sector, and the State
In postapartheid South African cities, civil society's loss of confidence in the ability of public authorities to protect citizens reflects the international trend toward the State's delegation of a number of public functions. It has led to the proliferation of private and community initiatives which quickly spread across urban space, taking different forms according to the level of segregation, the shape of the urban fabric, the local culture of…
Démocratisation Et Participation Locale À Johannesburg
Les mouvements sociaux urbains à Johannesburg contournent plus qu’ils n’utilisent les institutions locales participatives, et en particulier les élus locaux. L’article analyse ce dysfonctionnement institutionnel, qui tient à la centralisation des pouvoirs entre les mains du maire, et à l’importance de la loyauté partisane primant sur la responsabilité des élus devant leurs électeurs. Les groupes de citadins jouent alors sur la fragmentation insti…
Accessing the State
This special issue explores everyday practices and politics of accessing the state and state resources from a southern, urban perspective. The collection of papers documents, urban low-income residents’ everyday relationships with the state, through the study of actual practices of interaction with a range of state representatives at the local level (councilors and officials, at various levels of local government). Formal and informal, legal and …
Party politics, civil society and local democracy – Reflections from Johannesburg
Up Close and Personal' - How does Local Democracy Help the Poor Access the State? Stories of Accountability and Clientelism in Johannesburg
The paper revisits participation and decentralization in relation to local clientelism, arguing that they share the personalization of links between residents and the state and the local possibility to adapt state policies. The line between decentralization-participation on the one hand, and clientelism on the other, is therefore easily blurred. The paper then argues that clientelism is not per se anti-democratic, some forms allow for local and i…
Communities, the Private Sector, and the State
In postapartheid South African cities, civil society's loss of confidence in the ability of public authorities to protect citizens reflects the international trend toward the State's delegation of a number of public functions. It has led to the proliferation of private and community initiatives which quickly spread across urban space, taking different forms according to the level of segregation, the shape of the urban fabric, the local culture of…
Community Leadership and the Construction of Political Legitimacy
Apart from local monographs and normative texts on community participation, research on community leadership constitutes a blind spot in urban leadership, urban politics, social movements and urban studies. This article, based on case studies in post-apartheid Johannesburg, contributes to theorizing community leadership, or informal local political leadership, by exploring Bourdieu's concepts of 'political capital' and 'double dealings'. Consider…
Unbundled security services and urban fragmentation in post-apartheid Johannesburg
Do street traders have the ‘right to the city’? The politics of street trader organisations in inner city Johannesburg, post-Operation Clean Sweep
Street trader organisations are paradoxical objects of study. Their claims resist being analysed through the ‘right to the city’ lens, so contested are rights to inner city spaces between multiple users, not all of them in dominant socioeconomic positions; and so ambiguous is the figure of the street trader, oppressed but also appropriating public space for profit, increasingly claiming, in neoliberalising cities, an entrepreneurial identity. In …
Circulation of Security Models in Southern African Cities
This symposium focuses on the circulation of security governance models in cities of Southern Africa (Johannesburg, Cape Town, Windhoek and Maputo). It consists of three articles analysing at different scales (regional, national and intra-urban) the circulation of specific neighbourhood-based solutions to security issues, such as road closures, gated residential developments and business improvement districts. This spreading process, with the Sou…
Community Policing and Disputed Norms for Local Social Control in Post-Apartheid Johannesburg
Ryan Carrier (1999), reflecting on policing in South Africa, has pointed out that there may be different types of order that are not necessarily mutually exclusive: he argues that the type of order that the state seeks to guarantee may be different from the type of order that businesses, affluent suburbs, townships and corporations wish to establish or preserve. He concludes by saying that different types of order may call for different types of …
Local Politics and the Circulation of Community Security Initiatives in Johannesburg
The article analyses the emergence and circulation of community-driven security initiatives in two types of setting in Johannesburg, South Africa: street patrols and community courts in pre-apartheid and apartheid townships on the one hand; road closures in post-apartheid middle-class suburbs on the other. In spite of the obvious contrasts, the two types of community security initiatives share two important features: originating in a series of co…
Les Formes De La Démocratie Locale Dans Les Villes Sud-Africaines
Politics and Community-Based Research
This book is a new and courageous examination of the complexity of embedded research.It is an honest and insightful reflection that ... challenges and deepens arguments around spaces of participation through theoretical reflection and, more centrally, through the actual experience of the embedded research of Yeoville Studio.It is an important work for this and other reasons
Against ourselves – Local activists and the management of contradicting political loyalties
Party politics, the poor and the city
Les domestiques, la ville et l'accès à l'emploi au Cap et à Johannesburg
Domestic work has undergone considerable mutations in South Africa in a decade. The collapse of the apartheid system first led to the development of part time labour, which enables employees to escape from the system of lodging by the employer. The crisis of the fordist production system reinforced this loosening of labour conditions on a spatially segmented labour market at the Cape and in Johannesburg, both due to the legacy of apartheid and to…
Actualité de Fanon dans les mouvements étudiants sud-africains contemporains
La figure tutélaire de Frantz Fanon est régulièrement brandie par les mouvements étudiants sud-africains en révolte contre l'institution universitaire et contre le gouvernement. Dans cet entretien, Achille Mbembe, qui, au-delà de son propre travail sur l'œuvre de Fanon, s'est personnellement engagé et exposé dans le débat sur la décolonisation de l'université et des savoirs en Afrique du Sud, revient sur les diverses mobilisations dont Fanon, « f…
Nous avons dû prendre la loi entre nos mains ». Pouvoirs publics,politique sécuritaire et mythes de la communauté à Johannesburg
L’article analyse la privatisation de la gestion de la securite a Johannesburg, en Afrique du Sud, en s’appuyant sur l’etude de deux quartiers, l’un populaire, l’autre aise. Fermetures de rues a l’initiative des residents, organisation de comites de police communautaire, creation de milices, sont autant de formes privees de reponse locale a l’insecurite, qui s’expliquent davantage par le niveau socio-economique que par l’appartenance raciale des …
Les domestiques, la ville et l'accès à l'emploi au Cap et à Johannesburg
Domestic work has undergone considerable mutations in South Africa in a decade. The collapse of the apartheid system first led to the development of part time labour, which enables employees to escape from the system of lodging by the employer. The crisis of the fordist production system reinforced this loosening of labour conditions on a spatially segmented labour market at the Cape and in Johannesburg, both due to the legacy of apartheid and to…
Nous avons dû prendre la loi entre nos mains ». Pouvoirs publics,politique sécuritaire et mythes de la communauté à Johannesburg
L’article analyse la privatisation de la gestion de la securite a Johannesburg, en Afrique du Sud, en s’appuyant sur l’etude de deux quartiers, l’un populaire, l’autre aise. Fermetures de rues a l’initiative des residents, organisation de comites de police communautaire, creation de milices, sont autant de formes privees de reponse locale a l’insecurite, qui s’expliquent davantage par le niveau socio-economique que par l’appartenance raciale des …
La suburb, l'enclosure et l' État
Le débat sur l’insécurité a pris une ampleur considérable ces dernières années, à l’échelle nationale comme à l’échelle locale. À Johannesburg, un rapport de la Banque mondiale fait de l’insécurité la cause première de l’attractivité médiocre de la capitale économique sud-africaine à l’égard des investissements étrangers. La municipalité de Johannesburg a classé la lutte contre l’insécurité comme la première priorité de sa stratégie. Enfin, la pr…
Police-community partnerships and responses to crime
Unbundled security services and urban fragmentation in post-apartheid Johannesburg
Sécurité et gouvernance flexible à Johannesburg et au Cap
Depuis l’abolition de l’ apartheid , les montages sécuritaires locaux prolifèrent au Cap et à Johannesburg. Ils reposent sur des partenariats très variés entre pouvoirs publics et acteurs non étatiques. Or les premiers hésitent à légiférer et font, en la matière, des choix instables dans le temps et différenciés dans l’espace métropolitain. Notre hypothèse est que cela reflète une redéfinition de la nature du pouvoir de l’État et de son rapport à…
Community Policing and Disputed Norms for Local Social Control in Post-Apartheid Johannesburg
Ryan Carrier (1999), reflecting on policing in South Africa, has pointed out that there may be different types of order that are not necessarily mutually exclusive: he argues that the type of order that the state seeks to guarantee may be different from the type of order that businesses, affluent suburbs, townships and corporations wish to establish or preserve. He concludes by saying that different types of order may call for different types of …
Communities, the Private Sector, and the State
In postapartheid South African cities, civil society's loss of confidence in the ability of public authorities to protect citizens reflects the international trend toward the State's delegation of a number of public functions. It has led to the proliferation of private and community initiatives which quickly spread across urban space, taking different forms according to the level of segregation, the shape of the urban fabric, the local culture of…
Démocratisation Et Participation Locale À Johannesburg
Les mouvements sociaux urbains à Johannesburg contournent plus qu’ils n’utilisent les institutions locales participatives, et en particulier les élus locaux. L’article analyse ce dysfonctionnement institutionnel, qui tient à la centralisation des pouvoirs entre les mains du maire, et à l’importance de la loyauté partisane primant sur la responsabilité des élus devant leurs électeurs. Les groupes de citadins jouent alors sur la fragmentation insti…
Les Formes De La Démocratie Locale Dans Les Villes Sud-Africaines
Who control the streets? Crime, ‘communities’ and the state in post-apartheid Johannesburg
The most effective means of controlling and preventing crime is the reestablishment of effective means of community and social control. In post-apartheid Johannesburg, the issue of control over public spaces revolved around crime and insecurity. The demise of the apartheid regime and the end of South Africas international isolation has accelerated socio-economic transformations, in particular the shift towards a post-modern economy. Community pol…
Célébrer l'ordinaire
Illustration 1 – The Ridge, Johannesburg, 2010Cette photographie, prise par un étudiant de troisième année à la School of Architecture and Planning de Wits dans le cadre du projet de recherche/action Yeoville Studio, représente « The Ridge » à Johannesburg. The Ridge marque la frontière entre le quartier de Yeoville et les quartiers denses de Berea et Hillbrow (arrière plan de la photo) dans l’inner city. Cet espace interstitiel est un lieu privi…
Party politics, civil society and local democracy – Reflections from Johannesburg
Up Close and Personal' - How does Local Democracy Help the Poor Access the State? Stories of Accountability and Clientelism in Johannesburg
The paper revisits participation and decentralization in relation to local clientelism, arguing that they share the personalization of links between residents and the state and the local possibility to adapt state policies. The line between decentralization-participation on the one hand, and clientelism on the other, is therefore easily blurred. The paper then argues that clientelism is not per se anti-democratic, some forms allow for local and i…
Accessing the State
This special issue explores everyday practices and politics of accessing the state and state resources from a southern, urban perspective. The collection of papers documents, urban low-income residents’ everyday relationships with the state, through the study of actual practices of interaction with a range of state representatives at the local level (councilors and officials, at various levels of local government). Formal and informal, legal and …
Against ourselves – Local activists and the management of contradicting political loyalties
Party politics, the poor and the city
Circulation of Security Models in Southern African Cities
This symposium focuses on the circulation of security governance models in cities of Southern Africa (Johannesburg, Cape Town, Windhoek and Maputo). It consists of three articles analysing at different scales (regional, national and intra-urban) the circulation of specific neighbourhood-based solutions to security issues, such as road closures, gated residential developments and business improvement districts. This spreading process, with the Sou…
Local Politics and the Circulation of Community Security Initiatives in Johannesburg
The article analyses the emergence and circulation of community-driven security initiatives in two types of setting in Johannesburg, South Africa: street patrols and community courts in pre-apartheid and apartheid townships on the one hand; road closures in post-apartheid middle-class suburbs on the other. In spite of the obvious contrasts, the two types of community security initiatives share two important features: originating in a series of co…
Expressions de la xénophobie en réunion publique et construction d'une identité de quartier
Dans les villes sud-africaines, les réunions publiques de quartier font partie de la vie populaire ordinaire. Depuis 1994 et l'élection d'un régime démocratique, elles font l'objet de fortes dynamiques d'institutionnalisation, qui en transforment les fonctionnements et les enjeux. Cet article s'appuie sur le cas de Yeoville, un quartier de Johannesbourg, et analyse le rôle crucial que joue le leadership local dans la construction, à travers ces r…
Community Leadership and the Construction of Political Legitimacy
Apart from local monographs and normative texts on community participation, research on community leadership constitutes a blind spot in urban leadership, urban politics, social movements and urban studies. This article, based on case studies in post-apartheid Johannesburg, contributes to theorizing community leadership, or informal local political leadership, by exploring Bourdieu's concepts of 'political capital' and 'double dealings'. Consider…
L’informalité politique en ville. 8 chercheurs et 9 villes face aux modes de gouvernement urbain
En 2010, un collectif de 8 chercheurs, géographes et sociologue, lance le programme de recherche « Informalité, pouvoirs et envers des espaces urbains - Inverses ». Ce texte retrace le parcours de ce collectif, la manière dont il a construit une analyse commune et positionné sa problématique et ses recherches par rapport aux questionnements contemporains sur les pouvoirs urbains. Il propose de voir comment la notion d’informalité politique a émer…
Do street traders have the ‘right to the city’? The politics of street trader organisations in inner city Johannesburg, post-Operation Clean Sweep
Street trader organisations are paradoxical objects of study. Their claims resist being analysed through the ‘right to the city’ lens, so contested are rights to inner city spaces between multiple users, not all of them in dominant socioeconomic positions; and so ambiguous is the figure of the street trader, oppressed but also appropriating public space for profit, increasingly claiming, in neoliberalising cities, an entrepreneurial identity. In …
Actualité de Fanon dans les mouvements étudiants sud-africains contemporains
La figure tutélaire de Frantz Fanon est régulièrement brandie par les mouvements étudiants sud-africains en révolte contre l'institution universitaire et contre le gouvernement. Dans cet entretien, Achille Mbembe, qui, au-delà de son propre travail sur l'œuvre de Fanon, s'est personnellement engagé et exposé dans le débat sur la décolonisation de l'université et des savoirs en Afrique du Sud, revient sur les diverses mobilisations dont Fanon, « f…
Unpacking State Practices in City-Making,in Conversations with Ananya Roy
International audience
Political science (25 obras) · Sociology (16 obras) · South African History and Culture (14 obras) · Legal Issues in South Africa (13 obras) · Urban and Rural Development Challenges (13 obras) · Politics (12 obras) · Humanities (11 obras) · Law (11 obras) · Art (9 obras) · Economics (9 obras)