Anthony F Aveni
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 115828 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Anthony F Aveni |
| PRENOMES | Anthony F |
| SOBRENOME | Aveni |
| ASSINATURA | AVENI A F |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Colgate University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6015-009X |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 70 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 230 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 70 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1972 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
The Land of the Solstices
The Land of the Solstices: Myth, Geography, and Astronomy in Ancient Greece." Time and Mind, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2
Star Stories
Star Stories
E Groups
This chapter traces the historical roots of the scholarship regarding the relationship between Group E-type structures and the Maya solar calendar. It begins with a brief survey of the evidence that the Maya kept such a calendar, and then summarizes the bearing of alignment studies of E Groups on how they were involved in developing a seasonal calendar motivated by agricultural necessity. It seems clear that an orientation calendar based on posit…
E Groups
Night in Day
Reidentifying Archaeoastronomy
Emmanuel Anati, Intellectual and Spiritual Expression of Non-Literate Peoples
Rock art studies and cultural astronomy have at least one thing in common: the complaint made, even by some of their own participants, that they remain outside the conventional house of knowledge l
Solar Observatory or Allegory? Calakmul's Group E-Type Complex Form and Function
Members of the Proyecto Arqueológico de la Biosfera Calakmul under Carrasco's direction excavated the Cenote Style Group E-type complex at the Maya site of Calakmul, Campeche, Mexico. The Cenote Style refers to the plan of the E-Group with a series of three temples built onto a long narrow eastern range structure facing a western structure across a broad central plaza. Architectural data exist to evaluate this standardizing group's utility for ob…
An Overview of “Mesoamerican Cultural Astronomy and the Calendar
This essay concludes the Special Section “Mesoamerican Cultural Astronomy and the Calendar.” In it, the themes Special Section authors address are put into both an anthropological and an astronomical context
Fabio Silva and Nicholas Campion , Skyscapes
These essays explore the importance of the heavens in the landscapes and wider environment of past societies, integrating archaeoastronomical studies with the archaeological disciplines. Most of th
Deciphering the Handwriting on the Wall
This study places the recently excavated ninth-century A.D. four-part calendrical notations at Xultun (Lunar Table, Ring Number, Long Count, and Multiplication Table) in the context of both Classic monumental inscriptions and astronomical knowledge in the Postclassic Dresden Codex. We demonstrate that the Lunar Table employed a formula attributed to Palenque and that it could have been used as a device to determine precisely where to break the se…
Mesoamerican Calendars and Archaeoastronomy
This article reviews archaeological evidence of Mesoamerican calendars and archaeoastronomy. Most Mesoamerican calendars measure a year as eighteen months, each consisting of twenty days, with an added month of only five unlucky days. To reckon deep time, the Maya created the longest Mesoamerican calendar cycle by multiplying the basic unit of twenty to the fifth order, the exception being the multiplication of the 20-day count by 18 to form a cy…
Stonehenge
Maya Numerology
One tends to think of the study of pure number as an esoteric pursuit. But for the ancient Maya, particularly when it came to temporal matters, numbers were more than mere devices to tally units of time. In stark contrast to the Western calendar, in the Maya realm of timekeeping the duration between ritual events seems to have mattered as much as the times when the events themselves occurred. Moreover, the manner in which the daykeepers of the Ma…
Numerical Notation
Belief in the Past
(2009). Belief in the Past: Theoretical Approaches to the Archaeology of Religion. Time and Mind: Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 355-357
The Madrid Codex
Maya Calendar Origins
Chichén Itzá's Legacy in the Astronomically Oriented Architecture of Mayapán
Nasca
Archaeoastronomy in the Ancient Americas
Maya Calendar Reform? Evidence from Orientations of Specialized Architectural Assemblages
Long before they devised a written calendar, the Maya articulated their seasons by means of an "orientation calendar" that consisted of visual alignments involving their architecture. One specialized set of buildings, Group Eat Uaxactún, Guatemala, in the Petén lowlands, has been regarded as the prototype of such a calendar. We present new data based on precise measurements made in the field at 12 Group E complexes and obtained for a number of ad…
The Cross Petroglyph
Un diseño representando un círculo doble dividido en cruz se encentró tanto grabado sobre rocas como en pisos de edificios por toda Mesoamérica. De probable origen teotihuacano, la figura sugiere conocimientos astronómicos y calendáricos. Como continuación de un trabajo anterior, reportamos aquí la existencia de varios ejemplos más de este dibujo, incluyendo un caso único que comprende un alineamiento astronómico doble (en el solsticio de verano …
The Planet Venus and Temple 22 at Copán
La importancia que tenía Venus para los antiguos mayas es bien conocida. Sin embargo, ¿Qué razones básicas pueden aducirse para el lugar destacado que ocupa en la mitología maya? Este estudio ofrece una respuesta parcial. Discute la orientación de Venus en la arquitectura maya, la iconografía del Templo 22 de Copán, las apariciones de Venus por la ventana inusitada en el muro occidental de este templo, la mitología asociada con Venus, y los datos…
Skywatchers of Ancient Mexico
Maya Calendar Reform? Evidence from Orientations of Specialized Architectural Assemblages
Long before they devised a written calendar, the Maya articulated their seasons by means of an "orientation calendar" that consisted of visual alignments involving their architecture. One specialized set of buildings, Group Eat Uaxactún, Guatemala, in the Petén lowlands, has been regarded as the prototype of such a calendar. We present new data based on precise measurements made in the field at 12 Group E complexes and obtained for a number of ad…
Archaeoastronomy in the Ancient Americas
Maya City Planning and the Calendar
Alta Vista (Chalchihuites), Astronomical Implications of a Mesoamerican Ceremonial Outpost at the Tropic of Cancer
We have empirically tested and evaluated several astronomically related hypotheses about the ruins of Alta Vista near the modern town of Chalchihuites, Zacatecas, in Northwest Mexico. We conclude that the site was deliberately located and oriented astronomically by people of the Teotihuacan civilization.As supporting evidence we analyze (a) a double solar alignment incorporating a labyrinthine hallway at the ruins, and (b) a pair of circle-shaped…
Myth, Environment, and the Orientation of the Templo Mayor of Tenochtitlan
In the light of the recent excavations of the Templo Mayor in downtown Mexico City, we explore the problem of the role of astronomy, calendar, and the landscape in the design and orientation of the building and of the city in general. We employ ethnohistoric data relating to the foundation myth of Tenochtitlan as a means of generating hypotheses concerning astronomical orientation that can be tested by reference to the archaeological record. We f…
Agreeing to Disagree
The Mursi are cultivators and cattle herders who live in the Lower Omo Valley of southwestern Ethiopia and whose methods of measuring duration have so far been unaffected by contact with literate cultures. In this article it is shown how the Mursi solve the problem of relating a cycle of seasonal events to a nonintegral series of lunar months, while remaining unaware that this cycle is related, in fact, to the solar year. This analysis leads to t…
On the Orientation of Precolumbian Buildings in Central Mexico
A tendency for many precolumbian buildings to align east of north is examined for possible astronomical motives. Stellar and solar phenomena are suggested as possible influences. The importance of clearly establishing the relative positions of observer and point of reference in any archaeo-astronomical analysis is emphasized. Certain misconceptions concerning chronological correlations of alignments and a new dimension in establishing orientation…
Astronomical Tables Intended for Use in Astro-Archaeological Studies
Tables are presented which give the rise-set azimuths of prominent celestial bodies and the heliacal rise-set dates of bright stars for a combination of epochs, latitudes, and horizon elevations
Classic Maya Prediction of Solar Eclipses [and Comments and Reply]
Work by earlier scholars has shown that the Dresden Codex contains a table of temporal intervals appropriate to the cyclic occurrence of solar eclipses. This paper demonstrates that if the Maya calendrical dates in the table are converted to the Gregorian calendar by using the so-called Modified Thompson 2 correlation constant, the table gives very accurate warnings of solar eclipses for the late-8th-century A.D. span to which it refers. During t…
Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy So Far [and Comments and Reply]
Deciphering the Handwriting on the Wall
This study places the recently excavated ninth-century A.D. four-part calendrical notations at Xultun (Lunar Table, Ring Number, Long Count, and Multiplication Table) in the context of both Classic monumental inscriptions and astronomical knowledge in the Postclassic Dresden Codex. We demonstrate that the Lunar Table employed a formula attributed to Palenque and that it could have been used as a device to determine precisely where to break the se…
The Geometry and Astronomy of Rujm el-Hiri, a Megalithic Site in the Southern Levant
Research at Rujm el-Hiri, a Bronze Age megalithic monument in the southern Levant provides a broad insight into two episodes in the prehistory of the Levant—the construction and usage of the Early Bronze Age (EBA) ceremonial complex, and the erection of a cairn at the center of the monument some 1500 years later. Excavations in 1988–1991 provide information on Rujm el-Hiri's geometry, alignment associations between the architecture of the complex…
The Sky in Mayan Literature
The Planet Venus and Temple 22 at Copán
La importancia que tenía Venus para los antiguos mayas es bien conocida. Sin embargo, ¿Qué razones básicas pueden aducirse para el lugar destacado que ocupa en la mitología maya? Este estudio ofrece una respuesta parcial. Discute la orientación de Venus en la arquitectura maya, la iconografía del Templo 22 de Copán, las apariciones de Venus por la ventana inusitada en el muro occidental de este templo, la mitología asociada con Venus, y los datos…
New Perspectives on the Madrid Codex
Astronomical Considerations in the Aztec Expression of History
In this paper, we present a complete list of eclipses documented in the Mexica manuscripts. We use this list together with information in the chronicles to outline a possible method used by Mexica chronologists for linking historical with retrodictable cosmic events that were deliberately chosen to fit historical circumstances. Solar events, particularly eclipses, figure prominently in a scheme that stresses the recurrence of like-in-kind events …
Skywatchers of Ancient Mexico
Skywatchers of Ancient Mexico
Orientation and Etruscan ritual
The cosmology of the Etruscans, like so much else Etruscan, hovers on the edge of historical visibility. By exploring Etruscan temple alignments measuredin situand with the helpful context of the Disciplina Etrusca, factors are found that might affect temple orientation, and connections with the Greek and Roman record are explored
Mound J, Monte Albán
Mound J, Monte Albán, a building of peculiar orientation and shape, has been mapped and tested for astronomical orientation. At the time of construction of the building, a line perpendicular to the base of the steps of J would have pointed to the rising position of the bright star Capella, which rose heliacally on one of the days of solar zenith passage. We note the existence of a possible zenith sighting tube built into the steps of building r w…
Maya Numerology
One tends to think of the study of pure number as an esoteric pursuit. But for the ancient Maya, particularly when it came to temporal matters, numbers were more than mere devices to tally units of time. In stark contrast to the Western calendar, in the Maya realm of timekeeping the duration between ritual events seems to have mattered as much as the times when the events themselves occurred. Moreover, the manner in which the daykeepers of the Ma…
Earth and Sky
Stone Age Science in Britain? [and Comments and Reply]
In the last few decades, several writers have drawn attention to indications of the existence of science in nonliterate, Neolithic societies. One proponent of that idea is Alexander Thom, who has carried out extremely exact measurements of Neolithic stone monuments in Britain. Thom maintains that perhaps the main purpose of several megalithic monuments was to serve as astronomical observatories-that the exact sightlines they provide would make it…
Astronomical Tables Intended for Use in Astro-Archaeological Studies
Tables are presented which give the rise-set azimuths of prominent celestial bodies and the heliacal rise-set dates of bright stars for a combination of epochs, latitudes, and horizon elevations
Mound J, Monte Albán
Mound J, Monte Albán, a building of peculiar orientation and shape, has been mapped and tested for astronomical orientation. At the time of construction of the building, a line perpendicular to the base of the steps of J would have pointed to the rising position of the bright star Capella, which rose heliacally on one of the days of solar zenith passage. We note the existence of a possible zenith sighting tube built into the steps of building r w…
Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy So Far [and Comments and Reply]
Archaeoastronomy in Pre-Columbian America
On the Orientation of Precolumbian Buildings in Central Mexico
A tendency for many precolumbian buildings to align east of north is examined for possible astronomical motives. Stellar and solar phenomena are suggested as possible influences. The importance of clearly establishing the relative positions of observer and point of reference in any archaeo-astronomical analysis is emphasized. Certain misconceptions concerning chronological correlations of alignments and a new dimension in establishing orientation…
Native American Astronomy
Agreeing to Disagree
The Mursi are cultivators and cattle herders who live in the Lower Omo Valley of southwestern Ethiopia and whose methods of measuring duration have so far been unaffected by contact with literate cultures. In this article it is shown how the Mursi solve the problem of relating a cycle of seasonal events to a nonintegral series of lunar months, while remaining unaware that this cycle is related, in fact, to the solar year. This analysis leads to t…
Skywatchers of Ancient Mexico
Astronomía en la América Antigua
Stone Age Science in Britain? [and Comments and Reply]
In the last few decades, several writers have drawn attention to indications of the existence of science in nonliterate, Neolithic societies. One proponent of that idea is Alexander Thom, who has carried out extremely exact measurements of Neolithic stone monuments in Britain. Thom maintains that perhaps the main purpose of several megalithic monuments was to serve as astronomical observatories-that the exact sightlines they provide would make it…
Skywatchers of Ancient Mexico
Skywatchers of Ancient Mexico
Skywatchers of Ancient Mexico
Alta Vista (Chalchihuites), Astronomical Implications of a Mesoamerican Ceremonial Outpost at the Tropic of Cancer
We have empirically tested and evaluated several astronomically related hypotheses about the ruins of Alta Vista near the modern town of Chalchihuites, Zacatecas, in Northwest Mexico. We conclude that the site was deliberately located and oriented astronomically by people of the Teotihuacan civilization.As supporting evidence we analyze (a) a double solar alignment incorporating a labyrinthine hallway at the ruins, and (b) a pair of circle-shaped…
Classic Maya Prediction of Solar Eclipses [and Comments and Reply]
Work by earlier scholars has shown that the Dresden Codex contains a table of temporal intervals appropriate to the cyclic occurrence of solar eclipses. This paper demonstrates that if the Maya calendrical dates in the table are converted to the Gregorian calendar by using the so-called Modified Thompson 2 correlation constant, the table gives very accurate warnings of solar eclipses for the late-8th-century A.D. span to which it refers. During t…
Skywatchers of Ancient Mexico
When Stars Came Down to Earth
Skywatchers of Ancient Mexico
Maya City Planning and the Calendar
Evan Hadingham. Lines to the mountain Gods
Evan Hadingham. Lines to the mountain Gods: Nazca and the mysteries of Peru. London: Harrap & New York: Random House, 1987. xii + 306 pages, 294 illustrations. £12.95 & $22.50 hardback. - Volume 61 Issue 233
New Directions in American Archaeoastronomy: Pt.46
Myth, Environment, and the Orientation of the Templo Mayor of Tenochtitlan
In the light of the recent excavations of the Templo Mayor in downtown Mexico City, we explore the problem of the role of astronomy, calendar, and the landscape in the design and orientation of the building and of the city in general. We employ ethnohistoric data relating to the foundation myth of Tenochtitlan as a means of generating hypotheses concerning astronomical orientation that can be tested by reference to the archaeological record. We f…
Lines of Nazca
II. Order in the Nazca Lines
Empires Of Time
Traces the roots of our modern timekeeping system and compares it with those of tribal societies
History (54 obras) · Archaeology (36 obras) · Geography (33 obras) · Latin American history and culture (31 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (28 obras) · Historical and Architectural Studies (28 obras) · History (28 obras) · Computer Science (21 obras) · Physics (20 obras) · Ancient history (18 obras)