Susan Opotow
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 116516 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Susan Opotow |
| PRENOMES | Susan |
| SOBRENOME | Opotow |
| ASSINATURA | OPOTOW S |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Columbia University |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 50 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 370 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 48 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 3 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1990 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
Introduction
As SPSSI's past president, I am honored to introduce SPSSI's 2009–2010 president, Eugene Borgida, Professor of Psychology and Law at the University of Minnesota and Morse-Alumni Distinguished Professor of Psychology, on the occasion of his 2010 presidential address. Professor Borgida took his bachelor's degree at Wesleyan University and his doctorate at the University of Michigan. An active scholar since 1972, Professor Borgida's research address…
Subverting an ethical code
New York After 9/11
New York After 9/11
Archivists on archives and social justice
Morton Deutsch (1920–2017)
Social Justice Theory and Practice
This chapter, focused on the meaning and dynamics of social justice and injustice, describes theory and the lived experience of injustice. Its first section defines social justice, social injustice, and three psychological justice models—distributive, procedural, and exclusionary/inclusionary. The second section applies these models to environmental injustice, a complex, pressing social issue in which acute and chronic exposure to toxic pollution…
Apartheid narratives and the project of deracialization
Historicizing Injustice
Focusing on the Museum of Memory and Human Rights in Chile, this article examines the intersection of psychology and history as they bear on conflict, memory, and justice. The museum commemorates victims of mass detentions, disappearances, and human rights violations during the Pinochet dictatorship (1973–1990). This article discusses historical precursors to the coup, including United States involvement in Chilean politics. Utilizing the constru…
Narrative encounters and changing perceptions of others
Introduction to special issue on museums, and editor’s thanks and farewell
As this issue was going into press, Peace and Conflict’s beloved founder, first editor, and eminent psychologist, Milton Schwebel, suddenly died. Milt was a much revered public intellectual, and a treasured colleague of many. He has had a broad influence within and beyond psychology, extending to education, political science, and health policy. His energy, creativity, kindness, and insightful analyses of contemporary issues were remarkable. He re…
Understanding and intervening in contexts of ongoing danger, violence, and threat
Diverse contexts and approaches in peace psychology research
"Why There?" Islamophobia, Environmental Conflict, and Justice at Ground Zero
The Scope of Justice, Intergroup Conflict, and Peace
The scope of justice—our psychological boundary for fairness—changes over time in ways that have relevance for intergroup conflict and peace. A shrinking scope of justice narrows the applicability of justice and can support destructive intergroup conflict and violence, while an expanding scope of justice widens the applicability of justice and supports mutual respect, constructive approaches to conflict, and the potential for peaceful intergroup …
Experience of conflict across place, time, and culture
Conflict past, conflict rising
Complexities and challenges of peace
Peace and conflict
Introduction to Michelle Fine's SPSSI Kurt Lewin Award Address
The legitimization of political violence
Political violence can be legitimized by offering the public justifications for harm doing. This study of the legitimation of political violence is situated in the Basque region in northern Spain. It focuses on ETA (Euskadi ta Askatasuna; Basque Homeland and Freedom), the last separatist and nationalist group in Western Europe using terrorist violence as a tactic to achieve independence. In its 50 years of existence, ETA has evolved in its target…
Introduction to Volume 17, Number 4
With thanks to Richard V. Wagner, editor par excellence
Politically motivated violence
In June 2010, Susan Opotow participated in a symposium she organized for an international conference, Societies in Transition: Balancing Security, Social Justice, and Tradition, in Marrakech, Moroc
Drawing the line
Moral Exclusion and Injustice
Moral exclusion occurs when individuals or groups are perceived as outside the boundary in which moral values, rules, and considerations of fairness apply. Those who are morally excluded are perceived as nonentities, expendable, or undeserving. Consequently, harming or exploiting them appears to be appropriate, acceptable, or just. This broad definition encompasses both severe and mild forms of moral exclusion, from genocide to discrimination. Th…
From Moral Exclusion to Moral Inclusion
This article presents Moral Exclusion Theory as a way to systematize the study of complex issues in peace education and to challenge the thinking that supports oppressive social structures. The authors define its 2 key concepts: moral exclusion, the limited applicability of justice underlying destructive conflicts and difficult social problems; and moral inclusion, the emphasis on fairness, resource sharing, and concern for the well-being of all …
Reconciliation in Times of Impunity
Animals and the Scope of Justice
Animals share our physical world, but the moral rules, values, and concerns about fairness that apply to those within our scope of justice rarely apply to animals. This paper reports an experiment that investigated the effect of three variables hypothesized to modify subjects' inclusion of animals in their scope of justice: (1) the animal's similarity to people, (2) the animal's utility to people, and (3) the severity of conflict between people a…
Deterring Moral Exclusion
This paper focuses on the detection and deterrence of moral exclusion. From a variety of perspectives, different authors have demonstrated the progression of moral exclusion: from conflicts of interest, to group categorizations, moral justifications, unjust procedures, and finally, harmful outcomes. Dissent, divergent opinions, and a pluralistic perspective all help to combat moral exclusion by enlarging the scope of justice. However, dissent and…
New Ways of Thinking about Environmentalism
Environmental issues present an urgent challenge throughout the world. Air, water, and land pollution continue at alarming rates and increasingly strain the Earth's capacity to sustain healthy ecosystems and human life. Although technological and behavioral aspects of environmental conflict are often salient, this article contributes to the literature on environmentalism by examining moral orientations that underlie and fuel environmental conflic…
The Intensification of Hating
Adolescent Peer Conflicts
Predicting Protection
Our attitudes and behavior toward the natural world depend on our scope of justice, the psychological boundary within which considerations of fairness and moral rules govern our conduct. Because the natural world is often excluded from the scope of justice, “depletion” resulting from the economic utilization of land, water, air, and animal and plant “resources” is perceived as acceptable and inevitable. To examine the prediction that perceived si…
Moral exclusion and torture
Psychologists' involvement in torture at Guantanamo and other sites raises important ethical questions. This paper argues, first, that the eclipse of human rights by a culture of security fosters the moral exclusion of detainees. Second, the Ticking Time Bomb scenario, often invoked to support security-justified torture, can separate people from deeply held ethical values, effecting exclusionary attitudinal change in individuals and societies. Th…
Green Justice
The natural environment is a topic of increasing importance, and themes of justice are increasingly relevant to that topic. This introduction to the special issue on Green Justice will describe the ways in which justice issues relate to the natural environment. It will discuss some of the overarching questions with regard to justice and the natural environment, as well as suggest some of the ways in which this area can be studied. Finally, it wil…
Are Students Failing School or Are Schools Failing Students? Class Cutting in High School
In many urban public high schools today, students navigate their day by selectively cutting class leading to course failure and dropping out. Collaborative, qualitative research conducted with urban high school students indicates that cutting results from disengagement and alienation that students label “boredom.” Focus group data (N= 160 in 8 groups) indicate that class cutting has not only an individual component that schools address, but also …
Affirmative Action, Fairness, and the Scope of Justice
Affirmative action programs have been controversial since their inception in 1965. This commentary examines the confusing justice claims advanced by opponents and proponents of affirmative action by proposing three justice questions that underpin the fairness debate: (1) Are affirmative action's target groups (women and people of color) inside one's scope of justice and therefore entitled to fair treatment? (2) Have the target groups achieved par…
Historicizing Injustice
Focusing on the Museum of Memory and Human Rights in Chile, this article examines the intersection of psychology and history as they bear on conflict, memory, and justice. The museum commemorates victims of mass detentions, disappearances, and human rights violations during the Pinochet dictatorship (1973–1990). This article discusses historical precursors to the coup, including United States involvement in Chilean politics. Utilizing the constru…
How This Was Possible
Moral exclusion occurs when individuals or groups are seen as outside the boundary in which moral values, rules, and considerations of fairness apply. It can render violence and injustice normal and acceptable. This talk describes research conducted at the House of Wannsee Conference, a cultural institution near Berlin, where the liquidation of Europe's Jews was planned in 1942. Now a commemorative site and education center, this institution's in…
What's Fair
Justice has the illusion of solidity and immutability, but standards for fairness change with context. This article presents a conceptual analysis that describes the justice arguments used in the affirmative action debate as the how, what, and who of affirmative action. The article illustrates these procedural, distributive, and exclusionary arguments with examples, compares support with opposition, and examines conditions that change perceptions…
The legitimization of political violence
Political violence can be legitimized by offering the public justifications for harm doing. This study of the legitimation of political violence is situated in the Basque region in northern Spain. It focuses on ETA (Euskadi ta Askatasuna; Basque Homeland and Freedom), the last separatist and nationalist group in Western Europe using terrorist violence as a tactic to achieve independence. In its 50 years of existence, ETA has evolved in its target…
Seeking inclusion and pluralism
This article describes 2 exploratory studies on the psychology of justice inspired by Morton Deutsch. The 1st study, a prequel to my research on moral exclusion, describes observations in a tundra that led to a follow-up pilot study on the streets of New York City. The 2nd study on pluralism sought to examine the relationship between taking another's perspective and broadening the scope of justice, or moral inclusion. Findings from this study sug…
Changing patterns of income among blacks and whites before and after executive order 11246
"Why There?" Islamophobia, Environmental Conflict, and Justice at Ground Zero
Introduction to Volume 17, Number 4
With thanks to Richard V. Wagner, editor par excellence
Foreground and Background
To examine how the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues (SPSSI) has engaged with environmental issues throughout its 75‐year history, we consulted five SPSSI ‐based data sources. Our analysis, attentive to the larger sociopolitical contexts over time, focuses on SPSSI 's attention to the physical environment, the places in which social living and interactions occur. In SPSSI 's early years, social issues research was often situate…
Affirmative action and social justice
Moral Exclusion and Injustice
Moral exclusion occurs when individuals or groups are perceived as outside the boundary in which moral values, rules, and considerations of fairness apply. Those who are morally excluded are perceived as nonentities, expendable, or undeserving. Consequently, harming or exploiting them appears to be appropriate, acceptable, or just. This broad definition encompasses both severe and mild forms of moral exclusion, from genocide to discrimination. Th…
Deterring Moral Exclusion
This paper focuses on the detection and deterrence of moral exclusion. From a variety of perspectives, different authors have demonstrated the progression of moral exclusion: from conflicts of interest, to group categorizations, moral justifications, unjust procedures, and finally, harmful outcomes. Dissent, divergent opinions, and a pluralistic perspective all help to combat moral exclusion by enlarging the scope of justice. However, dissent and…
Adolescent Peer Conflicts
Changing patterns of income among blacks and whites before and after executive order 11246
Affirmative action and social justice
Animals and the Scope of Justice
Animals share our physical world, but the moral rules, values, and concerns about fairness that apply to those within our scope of justice rarely apply to animals. This paper reports an experiment that investigated the effect of three variables hypothesized to modify subjects' inclusion of animals in their scope of justice: (1) the animal's similarity to people, (2) the animal's utility to people, and (3) the severity of conflict between people a…
Predicting Protection
Our attitudes and behavior toward the natural world depend on our scope of justice, the psychological boundary within which considerations of fairness and moral rules govern our conduct. Because the natural world is often excluded from the scope of justice, “depletion” resulting from the economic utilization of land, water, air, and animal and plant “resources” is perceived as acceptable and inevitable. To examine the prediction that perceived si…
Green Justice
The natural environment is a topic of increasing importance, and themes of justice are increasingly relevant to that topic. This introduction to the special issue on Green Justice will describe the ways in which justice issues relate to the natural environment. It will discuss some of the overarching questions with regard to justice and the natural environment, as well as suggest some of the ways in which this area can be studied. Finally, it wil…
Affirmative Action, Fairness, and the Scope of Justice
Affirmative action programs have been controversial since their inception in 1965. This commentary examines the confusing justice claims advanced by opponents and proponents of affirmative action by proposing three justice questions that underpin the fairness debate: (1) Are affirmative action's target groups (women and people of color) inside one's scope of justice and therefore entitled to fair treatment? (2) Have the target groups achieved par…
What's Fair
Justice has the illusion of solidity and immutability, but standards for fairness change with context. This article presents a conceptual analysis that describes the justice arguments used in the affirmative action debate as the how, what, and who of affirmative action. The article illustrates these procedural, distributive, and exclusionary arguments with examples, compares support with opposition, and examines conditions that change perceptions…
New Ways of Thinking about Environmentalism
Environmental issues present an urgent challenge throughout the world. Air, water, and land pollution continue at alarming rates and increasingly strain the Earth's capacity to sustain healthy ecosystems and human life. Although technological and behavioral aspects of environmental conflict are often salient, this article contributes to the literature on environmentalism by examining moral orientations that underlie and fuel environmental conflic…
Reconciliation in Times of Impunity
Beyond the Battlefield
Justice and Identity
Most research on justice has aimed to describe abstract, depersonalized models that could apply to anyone. However, much of this research has involved identity, if only implicitly. We argue that justice needs to be contextualized to take into account the powerful effects of identity in determining when justice matters. The complexity and fluidity of identity need to be considered to understand when, why, and how strongly people care about justice…
Identity and the Natural Environment
The often impassioned nature of environmental conflicts can be attributed to the fact that they are bound up with our sense of personal and social identity. Environmental identity—how we orient ourselves to the natural world—leads us to personalize abstract global issues and take action (or not) according to our sense of who we are. We may know about the greenhouse effect—but can we give up our SUV for a more fuel-efficient car? Understanding thi…
Forging Social Identity and Social Conflict
Are Students Failing School or Are Schools Failing Students? Class Cutting in High School
In many urban public high schools today, students navigate their day by selectively cutting class leading to course failure and dropping out. Collaborative, qualitative research conducted with urban high school students indicates that cutting results from disengagement and alienation that students label “boredom.” Focus group data (N= 160 in 8 groups) indicate that class cutting has not only an individual component that schools address, but also …
Hate, Conflict, and Moral Exclusion.
From Moral Exclusion to Moral Inclusion
This article presents Moral Exclusion Theory as a way to systematize the study of complex issues in peace education and to challenge the thinking that supports oppressive social structures. The authors define its 2 key concepts: moral exclusion, the limited applicability of justice underlying destructive conflicts and difficult social problems; and moral inclusion, the emphasis on fairness, resource sharing, and concern for the well-being of all …
Seeking inclusion and pluralism
This article describes 2 exploratory studies on the psychology of justice inspired by Morton Deutsch. The 1st study, a prequel to my research on moral exclusion, describes observations in a tundra that led to a follow-up pilot study on the streets of New York City. The 2nd study on pluralism sought to examine the relationship between taking another's perspective and broadening the scope of justice, or moral inclusion. Findings from this study sug…
Moral exclusion and torture
Psychologists' involvement in torture at Guantanamo and other sites raises important ethical questions. This paper argues, first, that the eclipse of human rights by a culture of security fosters the moral exclusion of detainees. Second, the Ticking Time Bomb scenario, often invoked to support security-justified torture, can separate people from deeply held ethical values, effecting exclusionary attitudinal change in individuals and societies. Th…
The Intensification of Hating
“Not So Much As Place to Lay Our Head…”
The legitimization of political violence
Political violence can be legitimized by offering the public justifications for harm doing. This study of the legitimation of political violence is situated in the Basque region in northern Spain. It focuses on ETA (Euskadi ta Askatasuna; Basque Homeland and Freedom), the last separatist and nationalist group in Western Europe using terrorist violence as a tactic to achieve independence. In its 50 years of existence, ETA has evolved in its target…
Introduction to Volume 17, Number 4
Political science (36 obras) · Sociology (33 obras) · Psychology (31 obras) · Law (28 obras) · Social Psychology (24 obras) · Law (21 obras) · Criminology (20 obras) · Economic Justice (20 obras) · Social Psychology (17 obras) · Philosophy (13 obras)