Edna M Mitchell
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 120591 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Edna M Mitchell |
| PRENOMES | Edna M |
| SOBRENOME | Mitchell |
| ASSINATURA | MITCHELL E M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2824-3499 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 20 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 191 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 20 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1978 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Is global health security worth 0.01% of our gross domestic product
Iterative evaluation of mobile computer-assisted digital chest x-ray screening for TB improves efficiency, yield, and outcomes in Nigeria
Wellness on Wheels (WoW) is a model of mobile systematic tuberculosis (TB) screening of high-risk populations combining digital chest radiography with computer-aided automated detection (CAD) and chronic cough screening to identify presumptive TB clients in communities, health facilities, and prisons in Nigeria. The model evolves to address technical, political, and sustainability challenges. Screening methods were iteratively refined to balance …
Good citizens, perfect patients, and family reputation
Stigma and isolation are common in people with tuberculosis (TB). Social isolation contributes to reduced health outcomes and TB treatment adherence. Stigma and the drivers of isolation in people with Drug-Resistant (DR)-TB may include modifiable advice and practices of family and Health Care Workers (HCW). This study aimed to understand the drivers of isolation and stigma from the perspective of people with DR-TB in Vietnam. A greater understand…
Development of a TB vaccine trial site in Africa and lessons from the Ebola experience
Tuberculosis is the deadliest infection of our time. In contrast, about 11,000 people died of Ebola between 2014 and 2016. Despite this manifest difference in mortality, there is now a vaccine licensed in the United States and by the European Medicines Agency, with up to 100% efficacy against Ebola. The developments that led to the trialing of the Ebola vaccine were historic and unprecedented. The single licensed TB vaccine (BCG) has limited effi…
Community health care workers in pursuit of TB
Stigma in health facilities
Stigma in health facilities undermines diagnosis, treatment, and successful health outcomes. Addressing stigma is fundamental to delivering quality healthcare and achieving optimal health. This correspondence article seeks to assess how developments over the past 5 years have contributed to the state of programmatic knowledge-both approaches and methods-regarding interventions to reduce stigma in health facilities, and explores the potential to c…
A scoping review of health-related stigma outcomes for high-burden diseases in low- and middle-income countries
BACKGROUND: Stigma is associated with health conditions that drive disease burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including HIV, tuberculosis, mental health problems, epilepsy, and substance use disorders. However, the literature discussing the relationship between stigma and health outcomes is largely fragmented within disease-specific siloes, thus limiting the identification of common moderators or mechanisms through which stigma p…
Community referral for presumptive TB in Nigeria
All community based TB case-finding projects studied referred a relative low number of symptomatic individuals. The study shows that incentivized referral, appropriate selection of CWs, supportive supervision, leveraged treatment support roles, and a responsive TB program to receive clients for testing were the key drivers of community TB case finding
Choosing early pregnancy termination methods in Urban Mozambique
Conceptualising abortion stigma
Abortion stigma is widely acknowledged in many countries, but poorly theorised. Although media accounts often evoke abortion stigma as a universal social fact, we suggest that the social production of abortion stigma is profoundly local. Abortion stigma is neither natural nor 'essential' and relies upon power disparities and inequalities for its formation. In this paper, we identify social and political processes that favour the emergence, perpet…
Correlates of condom use among sexually experienced secondary school male students in Nairobi, Kenya
This study aimed to examine perceptual factors associated with condom use, and the relationship between condom use and the timing of sexual debut among male secondary school students in Nairobi, Kenya. Data are from the TeenWeb study, a school-based project that used the World Wide Web to assess the health needs of secondary school students, and tested the web's utility as a teaching and research modality. Analyses are based on 214 sexually exper…
Effectiveness of web-based education on Kenyan and Brazilian adolescents' knowledge about HIV/Aids, abortion law, and emergency contraception
Misoprostol Preferable to Ethacridine Lactate for Abortions at 13-20 Weeks of Pregnancy
Outdated second trimester abortion methods are still being used in some countries, and very few studies have compared them to currently recommended methods. To this end, we studied the efficacy and safety of vaginal misoprostol used alone for abortions in 189 women at 13-20 weeks gestation, in 2004-2006. We also retrospectively collated similar data from an historical cohort of 189 women drawn consecutively and chronologically from hospital recor…
Who is Excluded When Abortion Access is Restricted to Twelve Weeks? Evidence from Maputo, Mozambique
In Mozambique, since 1985, induced abortion services up to 12 weeks of pregnancy are performed in the interest of protecting women's health. We asked whether any women were being adversely affected by the 12-week limit. A retrospective record review of all 1,734 pregnant women requesting termination of pregnancy in five public hospitals in Maputo in 2005–2006 revealed that it tended to be those who were younger and poorer, with lower levels of ed…
Social scripts and stark realities
This study explores students' narratives and discourses about adolescent pregnancy and abortion elicited via internet-based open-ended questions posed in response to a cartoon vignette. We report on content analysis of recommendations and strategies for how to manage the unplanned pregnancy of a fictional young couple and in their own personal lives. The responses of 614 young people were analysed. Strategies vary widely. They include giving birt…
Invoking Health and Human Rights to Ensure Access to Legal Abortion
Human rights and public health advocates working to compel states to guarantee access to legal abortion services face obstacles. We describe the challenges faced by "Rosa", a nine-year old Nicaraguan girl, whose pregnancy following rape sparked international controversy. The health and human rights arguments utilized either to support or undermine her family's petition for access to legal abortion are explored. Rosa's case highlights how laws tha…
Patient Privacy and Conflicting Legal and Ethical Obligations in El Salvador
Postabortion care providers who breach patient confidentiality endanger women’s health and violate ethics. A 1998 abortion ban in El Salvador likely spurred an increase in the number of women investigated, because many women were reported to legal authorities by health care providers. Having analyzed safeguards of confidentiality in laws and ethical guidelines, we obtained information from legal records on women prosecuted from 1998 to 2003 and i…
Should Doctors Be the Judges? Ambiguous Policies on Legal Abortion in Nicaragua
Nicaragua’s Penal Code permits “therapeutic abortion” without defining the circumstances that warrant it. In the absence of a legally clear definition, therapeutic abortion is variously considered legal only to save the woman’s life or also to protect the health of the woman, and in cases of fetal malformation and rape. This paper presents a study of the theory and practice of therapeutic abortion in Nicaragua within this ambiguous legal framewor…
Children's health and play in rural Nepal
The Politics of Music in Nepal
The cultural interface of the West with the Valley of Kathmandu is examined as a problem in musical acculturation in which borrowing or failure to borrow is a matter, in the first instance, of cultural politics. By enforcing governmental regulations, Western popular music is kept from most of the Valley population, but not from the educated young elite. By way of this exception, it appears that the rest of the population may eventually acculturat…
Conceptualising abortion stigma
Abortion stigma is widely acknowledged in many countries, but poorly theorised. Although media accounts often evoke abortion stigma as a universal social fact, we suggest that the social production of abortion stigma is profoundly local. Abortion stigma is neither natural nor 'essential' and relies upon power disparities and inequalities for its formation. In this paper, we identify social and political processes that favour the emergence, perpet…
Effectiveness of web-based education on Kenyan and Brazilian adolescents' knowledge about HIV/Aids, abortion law, and emergency contraception
Patient Privacy and Conflicting Legal and Ethical Obligations in El Salvador
Postabortion care providers who breach patient confidentiality endanger women’s health and violate ethics. A 1998 abortion ban in El Salvador likely spurred an increase in the number of women investigated, because many women were reported to legal authorities by health care providers. Having analyzed safeguards of confidentiality in laws and ethical guidelines, we obtained information from legal records on women prosecuted from 1998 to 2003 and i…
Choosing early pregnancy termination methods in Urban Mozambique
Who is Excluded When Abortion Access is Restricted to Twelve Weeks? Evidence from Maputo, Mozambique
In Mozambique, since 1985, induced abortion services up to 12 weeks of pregnancy are performed in the interest of protecting women's health. We asked whether any women were being adversely affected by the 12-week limit. A retrospective record review of all 1,734 pregnant women requesting termination of pregnancy in five public hospitals in Maputo in 2005–2006 revealed that it tended to be those who were younger and poorer, with lower levels of ed…
Should Doctors Be the Judges? Ambiguous Policies on Legal Abortion in Nicaragua
Nicaragua’s Penal Code permits “therapeutic abortion” without defining the circumstances that warrant it. In the absence of a legally clear definition, therapeutic abortion is variously considered legal only to save the woman’s life or also to protect the health of the woman, and in cases of fetal malformation and rape. This paper presents a study of the theory and practice of therapeutic abortion in Nicaragua within this ambiguous legal framewor…
Children's health and play in rural Nepal
Correlates of condom use among sexually experienced secondary school male students in Nairobi, Kenya
This study aimed to examine perceptual factors associated with condom use, and the relationship between condom use and the timing of sexual debut among male secondary school students in Nairobi, Kenya. Data are from the TeenWeb study, a school-based project that used the World Wide Web to assess the health needs of secondary school students, and tested the web's utility as a teaching and research modality. Analyses are based on 214 sexually exper…
Misoprostol Preferable to Ethacridine Lactate for Abortions at 13-20 Weeks of Pregnancy
Outdated second trimester abortion methods are still being used in some countries, and very few studies have compared them to currently recommended methods. To this end, we studied the efficacy and safety of vaginal misoprostol used alone for abortions in 189 women at 13-20 weeks gestation, in 2004-2006. We also retrospectively collated similar data from an historical cohort of 189 women drawn consecutively and chronologically from hospital recor…
Invoking Health and Human Rights to Ensure Access to Legal Abortion
Human rights and public health advocates working to compel states to guarantee access to legal abortion services face obstacles. We describe the challenges faced by "Rosa", a nine-year old Nicaraguan girl, whose pregnancy following rape sparked international controversy. The health and human rights arguments utilized either to support or undermine her family's petition for access to legal abortion are explored. Rosa's case highlights how laws tha…
The Politics of Music in Nepal
The cultural interface of the West with the Valley of Kathmandu is examined as a problem in musical acculturation in which borrowing or failure to borrow is a matter, in the first instance, of cultural politics. By enforcing governmental regulations, Western popular music is kept from most of the Valley population, but not from the educated young elite. By way of this exception, it appears that the rest of the population may eventually acculturat…
Children's health and play in rural Nepal
Should Doctors Be the Judges? Ambiguous Policies on Legal Abortion in Nicaragua
Nicaragua’s Penal Code permits “therapeutic abortion” without defining the circumstances that warrant it. In the absence of a legally clear definition, therapeutic abortion is variously considered legal only to save the woman’s life or also to protect the health of the woman, and in cases of fetal malformation and rape. This paper presents a study of the theory and practice of therapeutic abortion in Nicaragua within this ambiguous legal framewor…
Social scripts and stark realities
This study explores students' narratives and discourses about adolescent pregnancy and abortion elicited via internet-based open-ended questions posed in response to a cartoon vignette. We report on content analysis of recommendations and strategies for how to manage the unplanned pregnancy of a fictional young couple and in their own personal lives. The responses of 614 young people were analysed. Strategies vary widely. They include giving birt…
Invoking Health and Human Rights to Ensure Access to Legal Abortion
Human rights and public health advocates working to compel states to guarantee access to legal abortion services face obstacles. We describe the challenges faced by "Rosa", a nine-year old Nicaraguan girl, whose pregnancy following rape sparked international controversy. The health and human rights arguments utilized either to support or undermine her family's petition for access to legal abortion are explored. Rosa's case highlights how laws tha…
Patient Privacy and Conflicting Legal and Ethical Obligations in El Salvador
Postabortion care providers who breach patient confidentiality endanger women’s health and violate ethics. A 1998 abortion ban in El Salvador likely spurred an increase in the number of women investigated, because many women were reported to legal authorities by health care providers. Having analyzed safeguards of confidentiality in laws and ethical guidelines, we obtained information from legal records on women prosecuted from 1998 to 2003 and i…
Effectiveness of web-based education on Kenyan and Brazilian adolescents' knowledge about HIV/Aids, abortion law, and emergency contraception
Misoprostol Preferable to Ethacridine Lactate for Abortions at 13-20 Weeks of Pregnancy
Outdated second trimester abortion methods are still being used in some countries, and very few studies have compared them to currently recommended methods. To this end, we studied the efficacy and safety of vaginal misoprostol used alone for abortions in 189 women at 13-20 weeks gestation, in 2004-2006. We also retrospectively collated similar data from an historical cohort of 189 women drawn consecutively and chronologically from hospital recor…
Who is Excluded When Abortion Access is Restricted to Twelve Weeks? Evidence from Maputo, Mozambique
In Mozambique, since 1985, induced abortion services up to 12 weeks of pregnancy are performed in the interest of protecting women's health. We asked whether any women were being adversely affected by the 12-week limit. A retrospective record review of all 1,734 pregnant women requesting termination of pregnancy in five public hospitals in Maputo in 2005–2006 revealed that it tended to be those who were younger and poorer, with lower levels of ed…
Conceptualising abortion stigma
Abortion stigma is widely acknowledged in many countries, but poorly theorised. Although media accounts often evoke abortion stigma as a universal social fact, we suggest that the social production of abortion stigma is profoundly local. Abortion stigma is neither natural nor 'essential' and relies upon power disparities and inequalities for its formation. In this paper, we identify social and political processes that favour the emergence, perpet…
Correlates of condom use among sexually experienced secondary school male students in Nairobi, Kenya
This study aimed to examine perceptual factors associated with condom use, and the relationship between condom use and the timing of sexual debut among male secondary school students in Nairobi, Kenya. Data are from the TeenWeb study, a school-based project that used the World Wide Web to assess the health needs of secondary school students, and tested the web's utility as a teaching and research modality. Analyses are based on 214 sexually exper…
Choosing early pregnancy termination methods in Urban Mozambique
Community referral for presumptive TB in Nigeria
All community based TB case-finding projects studied referred a relative low number of symptomatic individuals. The study shows that incentivized referral, appropriate selection of CWs, supportive supervision, leveraged treatment support roles, and a responsive TB program to receive clients for testing were the key drivers of community TB case finding
Stigma in health facilities
Stigma in health facilities undermines diagnosis, treatment, and successful health outcomes. Addressing stigma is fundamental to delivering quality healthcare and achieving optimal health. This correspondence article seeks to assess how developments over the past 5 years have contributed to the state of programmatic knowledge-both approaches and methods-regarding interventions to reduce stigma in health facilities, and explores the potential to c…
A scoping review of health-related stigma outcomes for high-burden diseases in low- and middle-income countries
BACKGROUND: Stigma is associated with health conditions that drive disease burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including HIV, tuberculosis, mental health problems, epilepsy, and substance use disorders. However, the literature discussing the relationship between stigma and health outcomes is largely fragmented within disease-specific siloes, thus limiting the identification of common moderators or mechanisms through which stigma p…
Development of a TB vaccine trial site in Africa and lessons from the Ebola experience
Tuberculosis is the deadliest infection of our time. In contrast, about 11,000 people died of Ebola between 2014 and 2016. Despite this manifest difference in mortality, there is now a vaccine licensed in the United States and by the European Medicines Agency, with up to 100% efficacy against Ebola. The developments that led to the trialing of the Ebola vaccine were historic and unprecedented. The single licensed TB vaccine (BCG) has limited effi…
Community health care workers in pursuit of TB
Good citizens, perfect patients, and family reputation
Stigma and isolation are common in people with tuberculosis (TB). Social isolation contributes to reduced health outcomes and TB treatment adherence. Stigma and the drivers of isolation in people with Drug-Resistant (DR)-TB may include modifiable advice and practices of family and Health Care Workers (HCW). This study aimed to understand the drivers of isolation and stigma from the perspective of people with DR-TB in Vietnam. A greater understand…
Iterative evaluation of mobile computer-assisted digital chest x-ray screening for TB improves efficiency, yield, and outcomes in Nigeria
Wellness on Wheels (WoW) is a model of mobile systematic tuberculosis (TB) screening of high-risk populations combining digital chest radiography with computer-aided automated detection (CAD) and chronic cough screening to identify presumptive TB clients in communities, health facilities, and prisons in Nigeria. The model evolves to address technical, political, and sustainability challenges. Screening methods were iteratively refined to balance …
Is global health security worth 0.01% of our gross domestic product
Medicine (15 obras) · Abortion (8 obras) · Environmental health (8 obras) · Political science (8 obras) · Pregnancy (8 obras) · Sociology (8 obras) · Family medicine (7 obras) · Law (6 obras) · Global Maternal and Child Health (5 obras) · Population (5 obras)