Paul Goren
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1229987 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Paul Goren |
| PRENOMES | Paul |
| SOBRENOME | Goren |
| ASSINATURA | GOREN P |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Minnesota |
| ORCID | 0009-0009-7256-7579 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 24 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 1.087 |
| OBRAS COMO AUTOR | 24 |
| OBRAS COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1997 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 15 |
Human Values and Sophistication Interaction Theory
Pliable Prejudice
The conventional wisdom maintains that whites’ racial predispositions are exogenous to their views of welfare. Against this position, scattered studies report that prejudice moves in response to new information about policies and groups. Likewise, theories of mediated intergroup contact propose that when individuals encounter messages about racial outgroups, their levels of prejudice may wax or wane. In conjunction, these lines of work suggest th…
The Ideational Foundations of Symbolic Ideology
Theories of symbolic ideology view it as an affective orientation untouched by ideational content. Drawing on Shalom Schwartz's theory of basic human values, we propose that four bedrock values—universalism, openness to change, conservation, and self‐enhancement—shape symbolic ideology. We explore whether politically sophisticated and unsophisticated individuals ground symbolic ideological identities in cognitive values to a comparable degree. Us…
Moral Power
Party-driven and religion-driven models of opinion change posit that individuals revise their positions on culture war issues to ensure consonance with political and religious predispositions. By contrast, models of issue-driven change propose that public opinion on cultural controversies lead people to revise their partisan and religious orientations. Using data from four panel studies covering the period 1992-2012, we pit the party- and religio…
A Unified Theory of Value-Based Reasoning and U.S. Public Opinion
Operational Ideology and Party Identification
Conventional wisdom suggests that partisanship is the “unmoved mover” in the minds of American voters. Revisionist theories hold that party updating is conditional on individual/contextual factors. By delimiting the scope conditions of the Michigan model, revisionist models do not fundamentally challenge the classic view. This paper proffers an unconditional model of party revision. We theorize that beliefs about government activism—operational i…
Taking Foreign Policy Personally
Previous research shows that, when it comes to foreign policy, individuals have general orientations that inform their beliefs toward more specific issues in international relations. But such studies evade an even more important question: what gives rise to such foreign-policy orientations in the first place? Combining an original survey on a nationally representative sample of Americans with Schwartz's theory of values from political psychology,…
Ideological Structure and Consistency in the Age of Polarization
Decades of research establish that political elites hold more ideologically consistent and structured policy preferences than ordinary citizens. Since the late 1970s, American politics, at the elite level, has become increasingly polarized and changes in the news media have made it easier for citizens to find news catering to their ideological tastes. We capitalize on these developments to examine whether ideologically engaged citizens–those who …
Data, Data, and More Data—What’s an Educator to Do
Political Values and Political Awareness
At the heart of Zaller's model of public opinion lies the hypothesis that the greater one's level of political awareness, the more one is able to deduce political preferences from abstract values. Due to data limitations, Zaller relied on liberal/conservative scales as proxy measures of abstract values. However, measures of values correlate robustly with ideological scales only among the politically aware; the politically unaware do not hold genu…
Interim Assessments as a Strategy for Improvement
This essay provides an overview of the papers contained in this issue of the Peabody Journal of Education. In it, the author notes for policymakers especially issues and concerns that emerge from the use of formative assessments geared towards education improvement. While the intent of such assessments is lead to improved overall instruction and improved outcomes, he stresses that this is not a passive act that rests solely on testing children, p…
Party Identification, Issue Attitudes, and the Dynamics of Political Debate
This article investigates whether media coverage of elite debate surrounding an issue moderates the relationship between individual‐level partisan identities and issue preferences. We posit that when the news media cover debate among partisan elites on a given issue, citizens update their party identities and issue attitudes. We test this proposition for a quartet of prominent issues debated during the first Clinton term: health care reform, welf…
Source Cues, Partisan Identities, and Political Value Expression
This article examines the conditions under which partisan identities shape the positions people express on four political values: equal opportunity, self‐reliance, moral traditionalism, and moral tolerance. The theoretical framework posits that (1) party source cues activate latent partisan biases in the minds of citizens, which in turn affect the degree to which individuals express support for these values; (2) out‐party cues are more powerful m…
Dimensionality Redux
Professor Jacoby raises a number of important points in his comment on my study of public opinion on government spending. This rejoinder underscores why I believe the evidence warrants the conclusion that attitudes toward welfare spending are partially distinct from attitudes toward other social spending. Before proceeding, I would like to highlight some grounds on which we agree. Although our models differ in terms of the number of dimensions ne…
The Two Faces of Government Spending
Scholars have known for some time that attitudes toward federal spending on welfare are shaped by racial antipathies. Are attitudes toward spending on nonwelfare social programs similarly grounded? This article explores the dimensionality of spending attitudes and the extent to which they are rooted in stereotypical beliefs about blacks. Analysis of data from the 1992, 1996, and 2000 National Election Studies demonstrates that whites' attitudes t…
Character Weakness, Partisan Bias, and Presidential Evaluation
Party Identification and Core Political Values
Party identification and core political values are central elements in the political belief systems of ordinary citizens. Are these predispositions related to one another? Does party identification influence core political values or are partisan identities grounded in such values? This article draws upon theoretical works on partisan information processing and value‐based reasoning to derive competing hypotheses about whether partisanship shapes …
Political Sophistication and Policy Reasoning
The sophistication‐interaction theory of mass policy reasoning, which posits that the strength of the relationship between abstract principles and policy preferences is conditional on political sophistication, dominates the study of public opinion. This article argues that the sophistication‐interaction theory does not hold to the degree the consensus claims. Specifically, it challenges the proposition that sophistication promotes the use of doma…
Race, Sophistication, and White Opinion on Government Spending
Character Weakness, Partisan Bias, and Presidential Evaluation
Core Principles and Policy Reasoning in Mass Publics
Political scientists have debated whether citizens can use core principles in lieu of ideological orientations to deduce their policy preferences. The ‘General Use’ model of public opinion holds that everyone draws equally on core principles to determine their preferences. The ‘Expertise Interaction’ model holds that the extent to which core principles influence policy preferences is a function of political expertise. Unfortunately, research desi…
Political Expertise and Principled Political Thought
Political Expertise and Principled Political Thought
Many public opinion theories suggest that all citizens rely on core beliefs and values to guide their preferences on social and political issues. The “Expertise Interaction” model of public opinion challenges this postion by arguing that the ability to use core principles in this manner is a function of political expertise. However, there is very little direct evdence that measures of expertise strengthen the relationship between measures of core…
Political Expertise and Issue Voting in Presidential Elections
Recent research on political expertise indicates that what citizens know and how much they think about politics affect the political choices they make. So it would seem for issue voting in presidential elections. Unfor tunately, prior work has yielded such conflicting results that we lack a clear understanding of how expertise affects the vote. Drawing on re search from social and political psychology, I argue that the accessibility of policy att…
Party Identification and Core Political Values
Party identification and core political values are central elements in the political belief systems of ordinary citizens. Are these predispositions related to one another? Does party identification influence core political values or are partisan identities grounded in such values? This article draws upon theoretical works on partisan information processing and value‐based reasoning to derive competing hypotheses about whether partisanship shapes …
Source Cues, Partisan Identities, and Political Value Expression
This article examines the conditions under which partisan identities shape the positions people express on four political values: equal opportunity, self‐reliance, moral traditionalism, and moral tolerance. The theoretical framework posits that (1) party source cues activate latent partisan biases in the minds of citizens, which in turn affect the degree to which individuals express support for these values; (2) out‐party cues are more powerful m…
Taking Foreign Policy Personally
Previous research shows that, when it comes to foreign policy, individuals have general orientations that inform their beliefs toward more specific issues in international relations. But such studies evade an even more important question: what gives rise to such foreign-policy orientations in the first place? Combining an original survey on a nationally representative sample of Americans with Schwartz's theory of values from political psychology,…
Political Sophistication and Policy Reasoning
The sophistication‐interaction theory of mass policy reasoning, which posits that the strength of the relationship between abstract principles and policy preferences is conditional on political sophistication, dominates the study of public opinion. This article argues that the sophistication‐interaction theory does not hold to the degree the consensus claims. Specifically, it challenges the proposition that sophistication promotes the use of doma…
Character Weakness, Partisan Bias, and Presidential Evaluation
Party Identification, Issue Attitudes, and the Dynamics of Political Debate
This article investigates whether media coverage of elite debate surrounding an issue moderates the relationship between individual‐level partisan identities and issue preferences. We posit that when the news media cover debate among partisan elites on a given issue, citizens update their party identities and issue attitudes. We test this proposition for a quartet of prominent issues debated during the first Clinton term: health care reform, welf…
Political Expertise and Issue Voting in Presidential Elections
Recent research on political expertise indicates that what citizens know and how much they think about politics affect the political choices they make. So it would seem for issue voting in presidential elections. Unfor tunately, prior work has yielded such conflicting results that we lack a clear understanding of how expertise affects the vote. Drawing on re search from social and political psychology, I argue that the accessibility of policy att…
Core Principles and Policy Reasoning in Mass Publics
Political scientists have debated whether citizens can use core principles in lieu of ideological orientations to deduce their policy preferences. The ‘General Use’ model of public opinion holds that everyone draws equally on core principles to determine their preferences. The ‘Expertise Interaction’ model holds that the extent to which core principles influence policy preferences is a function of political expertise. Unfortunately, research desi…
Moral Power
Party-driven and religion-driven models of opinion change posit that individuals revise their positions on culture war issues to ensure consonance with political and religious predispositions. By contrast, models of issue-driven change propose that public opinion on cultural controversies lead people to revise their partisan and religious orientations. Using data from four panel studies covering the period 1992-2012, we pit the party- and religio…
Character Weakness, Partisan Bias, and Presidential Evaluation
A Unified Theory of Value-Based Reasoning and U.S. Public Opinion
Race, Sophistication, and White Opinion on Government Spending
The Two Faces of Government Spending
Scholars have known for some time that attitudes toward federal spending on welfare are shaped by racial antipathies. Are attitudes toward spending on nonwelfare social programs similarly grounded? This article explores the dimensionality of spending attitudes and the extent to which they are rooted in stereotypical beliefs about blacks. Analysis of data from the 1992, 1996, and 2000 National Election Studies demonstrates that whites' attitudes t…
Operational Ideology and Party Identification
Conventional wisdom suggests that partisanship is the “unmoved mover” in the minds of American voters. Revisionist theories hold that party updating is conditional on individual/contextual factors. By delimiting the scope conditions of the Michigan model, revisionist models do not fundamentally challenge the classic view. This paper proffers an unconditional model of party revision. We theorize that beliefs about government activism—operational i…
Ideological Structure and Consistency in the Age of Polarization
Decades of research establish that political elites hold more ideologically consistent and structured policy preferences than ordinary citizens. Since the late 1970s, American politics, at the elite level, has become increasingly polarized and changes in the news media have made it easier for citizens to find news catering to their ideological tastes. We capitalize on these developments to examine whether ideologically engaged citizens–those who …
Human Values and Sophistication Interaction Theory
Political Expertise and Principled Political Thought
Many public opinion theories suggest that all citizens rely on core beliefs and values to guide their preferences on social and political issues. The “Expertise Interaction” model of public opinion challenges this postion by arguing that the ability to use core principles in this manner is a function of political expertise. However, there is very little direct evdence that measures of expertise strengthen the relationship between measures of core…
Political Values and Political Awareness
At the heart of Zaller's model of public opinion lies the hypothesis that the greater one's level of political awareness, the more one is able to deduce political preferences from abstract values. Due to data limitations, Zaller relied on liberal/conservative scales as proxy measures of abstract values. However, measures of values correlate robustly with ideological scales only among the politically aware; the politically unaware do not hold genu…
The Ideational Foundations of Symbolic Ideology
Theories of symbolic ideology view it as an affective orientation untouched by ideational content. Drawing on Shalom Schwartz's theory of basic human values, we propose that four bedrock values—universalism, openness to change, conservation, and self‐enhancement—shape symbolic ideology. We explore whether politically sophisticated and unsophisticated individuals ground symbolic ideological identities in cognitive values to a comparable degree. Us…
Pliable Prejudice
The conventional wisdom maintains that whites’ racial predispositions are exogenous to their views of welfare. Against this position, scattered studies report that prejudice moves in response to new information about policies and groups. Likewise, theories of mediated intergroup contact propose that when individuals encounter messages about racial outgroups, their levels of prejudice may wax or wane. In conjunction, these lines of work suggest th…
Data, Data, and More Data—What’s an Educator to Do
Interim Assessments as a Strategy for Improvement
This essay provides an overview of the papers contained in this issue of the Peabody Journal of Education. In it, the author notes for policymakers especially issues and concerns that emerge from the use of formative assessments geared towards education improvement. While the intent of such assessments is lead to improved overall instruction and improved outcomes, he stresses that this is not a passive act that rests solely on testing children, p…
Political Expertise and Issue Voting in Presidential Elections
Recent research on political expertise indicates that what citizens know and how much they think about politics affect the political choices they make. So it would seem for issue voting in presidential elections. Unfor tunately, prior work has yielded such conflicting results that we lack a clear understanding of how expertise affects the vote. Drawing on re search from social and political psychology, I argue that the accessibility of policy att…
Political Expertise and Principled Political Thought
Political Expertise and Principled Political Thought
Many public opinion theories suggest that all citizens rely on core beliefs and values to guide their preferences on social and political issues. The “Expertise Interaction” model of public opinion challenges this postion by arguing that the ability to use core principles in this manner is a function of political expertise. However, there is very little direct evdence that measures of expertise strengthen the relationship between measures of core…
Core Principles and Policy Reasoning in Mass Publics
Political scientists have debated whether citizens can use core principles in lieu of ideological orientations to deduce their policy preferences. The ‘General Use’ model of public opinion holds that everyone draws equally on core principles to determine their preferences. The ‘Expertise Interaction’ model holds that the extent to which core principles influence policy preferences is a function of political expertise. Unfortunately, research desi…
Character Weakness, Partisan Bias, and Presidential Evaluation
Race, Sophistication, and White Opinion on Government Spending
Political Sophistication and Policy Reasoning
The sophistication‐interaction theory of mass policy reasoning, which posits that the strength of the relationship between abstract principles and policy preferences is conditional on political sophistication, dominates the study of public opinion. This article argues that the sophistication‐interaction theory does not hold to the degree the consensus claims. Specifically, it challenges the proposition that sophistication promotes the use of doma…
Party Identification and Core Political Values
Party identification and core political values are central elements in the political belief systems of ordinary citizens. Are these predispositions related to one another? Does party identification influence core political values or are partisan identities grounded in such values? This article draws upon theoretical works on partisan information processing and value‐based reasoning to derive competing hypotheses about whether partisanship shapes …
Character Weakness, Partisan Bias, and Presidential Evaluation
Dimensionality Redux
Professor Jacoby raises a number of important points in his comment on my study of public opinion on government spending. This rejoinder underscores why I believe the evidence warrants the conclusion that attitudes toward welfare spending are partially distinct from attitudes toward other social spending. Before proceeding, I would like to highlight some grounds on which we agree. Although our models differ in terms of the number of dimensions ne…
The Two Faces of Government Spending
Scholars have known for some time that attitudes toward federal spending on welfare are shaped by racial antipathies. Are attitudes toward spending on nonwelfare social programs similarly grounded? This article explores the dimensionality of spending attitudes and the extent to which they are rooted in stereotypical beliefs about blacks. Analysis of data from the 1992, 1996, and 2000 National Election Studies demonstrates that whites' attitudes t…
Source Cues, Partisan Identities, and Political Value Expression
This article examines the conditions under which partisan identities shape the positions people express on four political values: equal opportunity, self‐reliance, moral traditionalism, and moral tolerance. The theoretical framework posits that (1) party source cues activate latent partisan biases in the minds of citizens, which in turn affect the degree to which individuals express support for these values; (2) out‐party cues are more powerful m…
Interim Assessments as a Strategy for Improvement
This essay provides an overview of the papers contained in this issue of the Peabody Journal of Education. In it, the author notes for policymakers especially issues and concerns that emerge from the use of formative assessments geared towards education improvement. While the intent of such assessments is lead to improved overall instruction and improved outcomes, he stresses that this is not a passive act that rests solely on testing children, p…
Party Identification, Issue Attitudes, and the Dynamics of Political Debate
This article investigates whether media coverage of elite debate surrounding an issue moderates the relationship between individual‐level partisan identities and issue preferences. We posit that when the news media cover debate among partisan elites on a given issue, citizens update their party identities and issue attitudes. We test this proposition for a quartet of prominent issues debated during the first Clinton term: health care reform, welf…
Data, Data, and More Data—What’s an Educator to Do
Political Values and Political Awareness
At the heart of Zaller's model of public opinion lies the hypothesis that the greater one's level of political awareness, the more one is able to deduce political preferences from abstract values. Due to data limitations, Zaller relied on liberal/conservative scales as proxy measures of abstract values. However, measures of values correlate robustly with ideological scales only among the politically aware; the politically unaware do not hold genu…
A Unified Theory of Value-Based Reasoning and U.S. Public Opinion
Operational Ideology and Party Identification
Conventional wisdom suggests that partisanship is the “unmoved mover” in the minds of American voters. Revisionist theories hold that party updating is conditional on individual/contextual factors. By delimiting the scope conditions of the Michigan model, revisionist models do not fundamentally challenge the classic view. This paper proffers an unconditional model of party revision. We theorize that beliefs about government activism—operational i…
Taking Foreign Policy Personally
Previous research shows that, when it comes to foreign policy, individuals have general orientations that inform their beliefs toward more specific issues in international relations. But such studies evade an even more important question: what gives rise to such foreign-policy orientations in the first place? Combining an original survey on a nationally representative sample of Americans with Schwartz's theory of values from political psychology,…
Ideological Structure and Consistency in the Age of Polarization
Decades of research establish that political elites hold more ideologically consistent and structured policy preferences than ordinary citizens. Since the late 1970s, American politics, at the elite level, has become increasingly polarized and changes in the news media have made it easier for citizens to find news catering to their ideological tastes. We capitalize on these developments to examine whether ideologically engaged citizens–those who …
Moral Power
Party-driven and religion-driven models of opinion change posit that individuals revise their positions on culture war issues to ensure consonance with political and religious predispositions. By contrast, models of issue-driven change propose that public opinion on cultural controversies lead people to revise their partisan and religious orientations. Using data from four panel studies covering the period 1992-2012, we pit the party- and religio…
The Ideational Foundations of Symbolic Ideology
Theories of symbolic ideology view it as an affective orientation untouched by ideational content. Drawing on Shalom Schwartz's theory of basic human values, we propose that four bedrock values—universalism, openness to change, conservation, and self‐enhancement—shape symbolic ideology. We explore whether politically sophisticated and unsophisticated individuals ground symbolic ideological identities in cognitive values to a comparable degree. Us…
Human Values and Sophistication Interaction Theory
Pliable Prejudice
The conventional wisdom maintains that whites’ racial predispositions are exogenous to their views of welfare. Against this position, scattered studies report that prejudice moves in response to new information about policies and groups. Likewise, theories of mediated intergroup contact propose that when individuals encounter messages about racial outgroups, their levels of prejudice may wax or wane. In conjunction, these lines of work suggest th…
Political science (24 obras) · Law (21 obras) · Law (21 obras) · Sociology (20 obras) · Politics (19 obras) · Psychology (16 obras) · Electoral Systems and Political Participation (15 obras) · Social Psychology (15 obras) · Economics (14 obras) · Social Psychology (14 obras)