Betsy Wolfe
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 127272 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Betsy Wolfe |
| PRENOMES | Betsy |
| SOBRENOME | Wolfe |
| ASSINATURA | WOLFE B |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Wisconsin–Madison |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8803-9019 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 54 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 401 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 54 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1978 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Measuring work disability in the U.S
For the public sector to design effective and efficient programs for persons who have a work disability, there is a need for an accurate measure of work disability. To meet this need, we develop an easy to replicate measure based on a structural-equation model, which treats an individual’s disability as a latent variable that is related to: (1) the abilities and physical conditions of individuals and (2) the capability demands of employers. To em…
Measuring Poverty
Measuring poverty is a complex undertaking. It requires extensive research, expert judgment of how to define resources and needs, and a data infrastructure that enables accurate measurement. In this article, we briefly summarize the evolution of poverty measurement in the U.S. and discuss the recommended changes to the Supplemental Poverty Measure that were recently proposed by an expert panel of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, a…
The Influence of Early-Life Health Conditions on Life Course Health
We expand on previous studies investigating the links between early health and later health by examining four distinct dimensions of early-life health and multiple life course outcomes, including the age of onset of serious cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and several job-related health outcomes. The four dimensions of childhood health are mental, physical, self-reported general health, and severe headaches or migraines. The data set we use include…
Educational Attainments of Children with Adopted Siblings
Although adoption is a widespread phenomenon in the United States, little research has examined the effects on biological siblings. This article uses two representative datasets to compare educational attainments of individuals who grew up with an adopted sibling and those that did not. We find large heterogeneity (based on sex, family income, and cohort) in the outcomes of those with an adopted sibling. Brothers appear more influenced than siste…
Ties between Health Policy, Early Health Problems, and Lifetime Earnings
Extant literature indicates that early-life health affects later labor market outcomes such as earnings and work effort. We examine whether this holds for multiple dimensions of health and regardless of a country's health care system. We ask whether mental and physical health problems and poor general health by age 15 have similar or different influences on lifetime earnings. We then ask whether the health care system influenced the estimated eff…
Income and Access to Higher Education
Has access to selective postsecondary schools expanded or contracted? Evaluating this question has proven a difficult task because data are limited, particularly with regard to family income. We complement previous work and provide a replicable model of institutional analysis. This paper presents a detailed, quantitative assessment of admissions at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, an elite flagship public university-the type that is supposed …
Effect of the Affordable Care Act on Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Insurance Coverage
Objectives. To document how health insurance coverage changed for White, Black, and Hispanic adults after the Affordable Care Act (ACA) went into effect. Methods. We used data from the American Community Survey from 2008 to 2014 to examine changes in the percentage of nonelderly adults who were uninsured, covered by Medicaid, or covered by private health insurance. In addition to presenting overall trends by race/ethnicity, we stratified the anal…
Association of Child Poverty, Brain Development, and Academic Achievement
IMPORTANCE: Children living in poverty generally perform poorly in school, with markedly lower standardized test scores and lower educational attainment. The longer children live in poverty, the greater their academic deficits. These patterns persist to adulthood, contributing to lifetime-reduced occupational attainment. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether atypical patterns of structural brain development mediate the relationship between household po…
Ripple effects of developmental disabilities and mental illness on nondisabled adult siblings
Maternal Differences and Birth Outcome Disparities
A Sibling Death in the Family
Although a large literature analyzes the determinants of child mortality and suggests policy and medical interventions aimed at its reduction, there is little existing analysis illuminating the consequences of child mortality for other family members. In particular, there is little evidence exploring the consequences of experiencing the death of a sibling on one’s own development and transition to adulthood. This article examines the prevalence a…
Long-term earnings and employment effects of housing voucher receipt
The Income and Health Effects of Tribal Casino Gaming on American Indians
The legalization of American Indian casino gaming in the late 1980s allows examination of the relationship between income and health in a quasi-experimental way. Revenue from gaming accrues to individual tribes and has been used both to supplement tribe members’ income and to finance tribal infrastructure. We assembled annual data from 1988–2003 on tribal gaming, health care access (from the Area Resource File), and individual health and socioeco…
The benefits and costs of the Section 8 housing subsidy program
This paper provides estimates for a comprehensive set of social benefits and costs associated with the federal Housing Choice Voucher ( Section 8 ) program. The impact categories for which we provide empirical estimates include the value of the voucher to recipients; additional services and public benefits induced by voucher receipt; improvements in children's health, education, and criminal behaviors; the costs of voucher provision; the labor su…
Do youth nonmarital childbearing choices reflect income and relationship expectations
The devil may be in the details
In this paper, we explore whether the specific design of a state's program has contributed to its success in meeting two objectives of the Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP): increasing the health insurance coverage of children in lower income families and doing so with a minimum reduction in their private health insurance coverage (crowd-out). In our analysis, we use two years of Current Population Survey data, 2000 and 2001, matched wi…
Social security, age of retirement, and economic well-being
We examine the economic status of a sample of new recipients of social security retired-worker benefits shortly after their first receipt of benefits (1982) and 10 years later (1991). The probability that these retired-worker beneficiaries were poor or near-poor is positively and strongly associated with their acceptance of early retired-worker benefits. Early retirees, women who remained single, and women who lost their spouses experienced large…
Out of Wedlock
Social Security, Age of Retirement, and Economic Well-Being
We examine the economic status of a sample of new recipients of social security retired-worker benefits shortly after their first receipt of benefits (1982) and 10 years later (1991). The probability that these retired-worker beneficiaries were poor or near-poor is positively and strongly associated with their acceptance of early retired-worker benefits. Early retirees, women who remained single, and women who lost their spouses experienced large…
Incentives, challenges, and dilemmas of Tanf
This paper compares the incentives inherent in TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families), the U.S. welfare system in place after the 1996 reforms, with those of TANF's predecessor, AFDC (Aid to Families with Dependent Children), using the experience in one state, Wisconsin, as an example. Is the new program successful in avoiding the “poverty trap” of the old welfare system, in which the marginal tax rates imposed on earnings and benefits we…
Before and After Tanf
We use administrative data from Wisconsin to compare employment, earnings, and income outcomes for welfare leavers under early reforms and under the later, more stringent Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program. We find substantially higher rates of exit in the later period. Later leavers are somewhat more likely to work, but their earnings are lower. We also make a pre‐post comparison of individual employment and income experiences, exam…
Neighborhood Attributes as Determinants of Children's Outcomes
Donna Ginther, Robert Haveman, Barbara Wolfe, Neighborhood Attributes as Determinants of Children's Outcomes: How Robust Are the Relationships?, The Journal of Human Resources, Vol. 35, No. 4 (Autumn, 2000), pp. 603-642
Succeeding Generations
Succeeding Generations
Beyond Economic Man
Childhood events and circumstances influencing high school completion
This paper is an empirical exploration of the effects of a variety of family and economic circumstances experienced during childhood on one indicator of success in young adulthood-high school completion. The estimates suggest that parental education and mother’s work are positive and significant determinants of high school completion, whereas growing up in a family with more children (who compete for resources), being persistently poor and on wel…
Before and After Tanf
We use administrative data from Wisconsin to compare employment, earnings, and income outcomes for welfare leavers under early reforms and under the later, more stringent Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program. We find substantially higher rates of exit in the later period. Later leavers are somewhat more likely to work, but their earnings are lower. We also make a pre‐post comparison of individual employment and income experiences, exam…
Effect of the Affordable Care Act on Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Insurance Coverage
Objectives. To document how health insurance coverage changed for White, Black, and Hispanic adults after the Affordable Care Act (ACA) went into effect. Methods. We used data from the American Community Survey from 2008 to 2014 to examine changes in the percentage of nonelderly adults who were uninsured, covered by Medicaid, or covered by private health insurance. In addition to presenting overall trends by race/ethnicity, we stratified the anal…
More evidence on nutrition demand
Determinants of child mortality, health, and nutrition in a developing country
The devil may be in the details
In this paper, we explore whether the specific design of a state's program has contributed to its success in meeting two objectives of the Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP): increasing the health insurance coverage of children in lower income families and doing so with a minimum reduction in their private health insurance coverage (crowd-out). In our analysis, we use two years of Current Population Survey data, 2000 and 2001, matched wi…
A Sibling Death in the Family
Although a large literature analyzes the determinants of child mortality and suggests policy and medical interventions aimed at its reduction, there is little existing analysis illuminating the consequences of child mortality for other family members. In particular, there is little evidence exploring the consequences of experiencing the death of a sibling on one’s own development and transition to adulthood. This article examines the prevalence a…
Investments in schooling in two generations in pre-revolutionary Nicaragua
The benefits and costs of the Section 8 housing subsidy program
This paper provides estimates for a comprehensive set of social benefits and costs associated with the federal Housing Choice Voucher ( Section 8 ) program. The impact categories for which we provide empirical estimates include the value of the voucher to recipients; additional services and public benefits induced by voucher receipt; improvements in children's health, education, and criminal behaviors; the costs of voucher provision; the labor su…
Health status and medical expenditures
Labor force participation and earnings determinants for women in the special conditions of developing countries
The Decline in Male Labor Force Participation
A Note on Some Evidence on the Easterlin Hypothesis
According to the Easterlin hypothesis, the positive relationship between income and fertility is dependent on relative income. The hypothesis presumes that aspirations are significantly determined by family background. If income is high relative to aspirations, individuals will tend to have more children. The definition of variables as sibling differences controls family background and yields a measure of relative income. Analyzing the Kalamazoo …
Ripple effects of developmental disabilities and mental illness on nondisabled adult siblings
Private Education
Long-term earnings and employment effects of housing voucher receipt
How People with Disabilities Fare When Public Policies Change
Richard V. Burkhauser, Robert H. Haveman, Barbara L. Wolfe, How People with Disabilities Fare When Public Policies Change, Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, Vol. 12, No. 2 (Spring, 1993), pp. 251-269
Health status and medical expenditures
Is Income Overrated in Determining Adequate Nutrition
The Income and Health Effects of Tribal Casino Gaming on American Indians
The legalization of American Indian casino gaming in the late 1980s allows examination of the relationship between income and health in a quasi-experimental way. Revenue from gaming accrues to individual tribes and has been used both to supplement tribe members’ income and to finance tribal infrastructure. We assembled annual data from 1988–2003 on tribal gaming, health care access (from the Area Resource File), and individual health and socioeco…
Do youth nonmarital childbearing choices reflect income and relationship expectations
Children's Prospects and Children's Policy
This paper offers some facts on trends in children's economic status in the United States as well as an economic perspective for thinking about public policy toward children. Throughout, we will attempt to make clear what is known and what is not known empirically about the relationships that are embodied in our perspective. We consider whether America is "underinvesting in children"; what type of investments in children would be best; to which c…
Measuring Poverty
Measuring poverty is a complex undertaking. It requires extensive research, expert judgment of how to define resources and needs, and a data infrastructure that enables accurate measurement. In this article, we briefly summarize the evolution of poverty measurement in the U.S. and discuss the recommended changes to the Supplemental Poverty Measure that were recently proposed by an expert panel of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, a…
Incentives, challenges, and dilemmas of Tanf
This paper compares the incentives inherent in TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families), the U.S. welfare system in place after the 1996 reforms, with those of TANF's predecessor, AFDC (Aid to Families with Dependent Children), using the experience in one state, Wisconsin, as an example. Is the new program successful in avoiding the “poverty trap” of the old welfare system, in which the marginal tax rates imposed on earnings and benefits we…
The Influence of Early-Life Health Conditions on Life Course Health
We expand on previous studies investigating the links between early health and later health by examining four distinct dimensions of early-life health and multiple life course outcomes, including the age of onset of serious cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and several job-related health outcomes. The four dimensions of childhood health are mental, physical, self-reported general health, and severe headaches or migraines. The data set we use include…
A Note on Some Evidence on the Easterlin Hypothesis
According to the Easterlin hypothesis, the positive relationship between income and fertility is dependent on relative income. The hypothesis presumes that aspirations are significantly determined by family background. If income is high relative to aspirations, individuals will tend to have more children. The definition of variables as sibling differences controls family background and yields a measure of relative income. Analyzing the Kalamazoo …
Intelligence and Family Size
gence on fertility and of household size on offspring's intelligence remain the subject of public debate. Most recently, attention has centered on the decline in Scholastic Aptitude Test scores and the possible effects of the postwar baby boom. These concerns suggest that economists would do well to introduce intelligence into the household utility maximization model used to explain differential fertility. We attempt to do this here
The impact of demographic changes on income distribution in a developing country
Determinants of child mortality, health, and nutrition in a developing country
What influences children's health
Is Income Overrated in Determining Adequate Nutrition
Schooling and Economic Well-Being
Standard estimates of the economic value of additional schooling, based on earnings differences associated with differences in the level of schooling attained, cover only a portion of the total effects of education that are valued by citizens. We first identify a catalog of nonmarketed effects, many of which have been recently studied by economists, and then propose a procedure for estimating a willingness-to-pay value for these effects. Using em…
Determinants of Women's Health Status and Health-Care Utilization in a Developing Country
A latent-variable representation of health is used in a system that determines health and various indicators of health and health-care utilization for Nicaraguan women. Estimates differ somewhat from standard estimates. They imply that women's schooling increases health-care utilization, literate women report less disease incidence, women's childhood backgrounds affect their adult health and health-care utilization, and general resources favor ch…
The Socioeconomic Impact of Schooling in a Developing Country
tional attainments suggests the usefulness of special training programs for unskilled immigrants. Further, the persistence of racial differentials underscores the importance of the enforcement of anti-bias employment regulations to protect non-white immigrants. Recent changes in immigration law under the Refugee Act of 1980 will increase uncertainty regarding the composition of future immigration waves. It is likely, however, that the proportion …
Labor force participation and earnings determinants for women in the special conditions of developing countries
More evidence on nutrition demand
The Decline in Male Labor Force Participation
A More General Approach to Fertility Determination in a Developing Country
The Chicago-Columbia economic model of fertility emphasizes that both the number (quantity) and the (unobservable) quality of children are arguments in the parental preference function. Focus is generally on demand determinants with fixed tastes. Biological supply considerations gernerally are deemphasized. The major alternative to the Chicago-Columbia model is the Pennsylvaina model which emphasizes that parental utility is conditional on norms …
The Influence of Health on School Outcomes
This study investigates the relationship between chronic poor health and school outcomes among children. A simultaneous three-stage least squares model is estimated in which achievement and attendance are endogenous variables. The hypothesis that particular health characteristics are associated with differences in individual school outcomes is confirmed. For example, attendance is affected most by illnesses likely to interfere with school or peer…
Human Capital and Earnings Distribution in a Developing Country
Health status and medical expenditures
Child Quantity and Quality in a Developing Country
Investments in schooling in two generations in pre-revolutionary Nicaragua
Health status and medical expenditures
Private Education
Schooling and Earnings Distributions with Endogenous Labour Force Participation, Marital Status and Family Size
David M. Blau, Jere R. Behrman, Barbara L. Wolfe, Schooling and Earnings Distributions with Endogenous Labour Force Participation, Marital Status and Family Size, Economica, New Series, Vol. 55, No. 219 (Aug., 1988), pp. 297-316
Childhood events and circumstances influencing high school completion
This paper is an empirical exploration of the effects of a variety of family and economic circumstances experienced during childhood on one indicator of success in young adulthood-high school completion. The estimates suggest that parental education and mother’s work are positive and significant determinants of high school completion, whereas growing up in a family with more children (who compete for resources), being persistently poor and on wel…
Treating children fairly
The Effect of the Medicaid Program on Welfare Participation and Labor Supply
Although there is a large literature on the effect of AFDC and Food Stamps on labor supply and welfare participation, there has been little work on the effects of Medicaid, despite its importance in the O.S. transfer system. In this paper we use 1986 data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation to examine the effect of Medicaid on the labor supply and welfare participation decisions of female heads of family. A key contribution is the…
The synthesis economic fertility model
Economics (44 obras) · Economic growth (25 obras) · Demographic economics (24 obras) · Sociology (22 obras) · Medicine (21 obras) · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics (20 obras) · Demography (19 obras) · Psychology (19 obras) · Population (18 obras) · Political science (14 obras)