Lynda Lee Kaid
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1320657 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Lynda Lee Kaid |
| PRENOMES | Lynda Lee |
| SOBRENOME | Kaid |
| ASSINATURA | KAID L L |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Florida |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 54 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 368 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 53 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 5 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1977 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2013 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
Wahlen und Wahlkampf in Den Medien
Die Massenmedien Im Wahlkampf
Media Coverage of Climate Change in Chile
Media influence public awareness through agenda setting and framing of news by selecting what is published, how frequently and through what frames. This content analysis compares portrayals of climate change based on political ideology of the media. It examines daily coverage of climate change in Santiago, Chile by the conservative, El Mercurio, newspaper, and the liberal, La Nación. Twenty percent of the 1,628 articles published in 2003, 2005, a…
Political Advertising as Political Marketing
Political advertising continues to be a foundation of political marketing, both in the United States and around the world. The perspective presented here provides a look back at what researchers have accomplished in political advertising research over the past five decades, followed by an assessment of the most important priorities for future research. We know most about televised political ads, which focus more on issues than personality and usu…
Does social networking service usage mediate the association between smartphone usage and social capital
This study examined the effect of smartphone and social networking service (SNS) usage on various aspects of social capital, including trust, organizational participation, political participation, and network resources. The study further examined whether SNS usage moderates the relationship between smartphones and social capital. A cross-sectional survey data ( N = 339) from a random sample of university students was gathered. The results demonst…
Effects of Political Advertising in the 2008 Presidential Campaign
Political advertising remains the communication format that dominates presidential campaign budgets. In 2008 Obama's success in fund-raising resulted in record expenditures on political television advertising. This experimental study tested the effects of viewing a sample of Obama and McCain ads with 1,165 young citizens at 19 locations throughout the United States. Results indicated young citizens learned significantly more about the issue posit…
Terrorism, Elections, and Democracy
This book examines the influence of terrorist threat in the recent elections in the US, Great Britain, and Russia to analyze the influence of post-9/11 fears on voting behaviour in comparative perspec
The Handbook of Election News Coverage Around the World
1 A Framework for Comparing Election News Coverage Around the World Jesper Stroemback and Lynda Lee Kaid PART I: ELECTION NEWS COVERAGE IN COUNTRIES WITH MAJORITARIAN ELECTIONS 2 Media Coverage of U.S. Elections: Persistence of Tradition Mira Sotirovic and Jack McLeod 3 Trends in Television Network News Coverage of U.S. Elections Stephen J. Farnsworth and S. Robert Lichter 4 Media Matter: Election Coverage in Canada Elisabeth Gidengil 5 Election …
Framing the New EU
This article reports results of a content analysis of U.S. media coverage of the 2004 European Union expansion and elections. Findings indicate that this historic event was not a salient topic in the U.S. media and that coverage was frequently vague and superficial. Issue-specific and generic frames were identified that represent the U.S. view of the European Union. Each story was coded as being either positive (Pro-EU), negative (EU-Skeptic), or…
Changing and Staying the Same
In 2004 Journalism Studies commissioned a number of senior journalists to reflect on their experiences of reporting the Presidential election and to draft ‘Front Line’ reports documenting continuities and changes in media coverage and shifts in campaign communication strategies, as well as developments in new media technologies, especially the Internet and their impact on political communications. In 2008, we again invited distinguished journalis…
Encyclopedia of Political Communication
'The Encyclopedia of Political Communication' discusses the major theoretical approaches to the field, including direct and limited effects theories, agenda-setting theories, sociological theories, framing and priming theories, and other past and present conceptualisations
Stealth soapboxes
This study tests the effects of personalized and `stealth' political discourse on weblogs (or blogs) and the repercussions on levels of political trust, information efficacy and political uses/gratifications. By surveying readers of three different blogs ( N =1838), this study identified significant effects as a result of exposure to political statements on blogs. Indeed, there were differences in the levels of political cynicism depending on how…
Encyclopedia of Political Communication
Where Is She
Gatekeeping studies indicate that the top reason invoked by editors for excluding newsworthy stories from publication is a lack of space and inflexibility. Online news media, however, are not restricted by space and can, therefore, publish more diverse content with equal coverage. This content analysis of US and foreign online news magazines was conducted to determine whether women's portrayal in the news has benefited from the Internet's potenti…
The Reflection of Cultural Parameters on Videostyles of Televised Political Spots in the US and Korea
Considering cross-cultural aspects of political communication, this study explores how political advertising plays a conspicuous role as an indicator of cultural orientations by comparing and contrasting videostyles of the televised political spots between the United States and Korea since the presidential election campaigns held in 1992. A content analysis of verbal, nonverbal and production components of the videostyles shows that televised pol…
On the Young Voters' Agenda
Issue agendas for young adults spanning primary and general election phases of the 2004 U.S. presidential campaign are reported in this article. Results from pretest and posttest experiments and a postelection survey show that young adults' issues remained stable throughout early and late phases of the campaign. Issues such as the war in Iraq, education, terrorism and homeland security, economy and jobs, and health care were consistently among th…
The Effects of Political Advertising on Young Voters
Political advertising effects on candidate evaluations, issue recall, political cynicism, and gender differences are explored in this pretest-posttest examination of 764 young adult participants. Results show no major gender differences in evaluation of candidates. Participants reported learning more about Bush's image and more about Kerry's issues through the ads. Exposure to ads did not produce increased cynicism among the participants but sign…
The Sage Handbook of Political Advertising
The contributors to this text examine the differences, as well as the similarities of political advertising among the electoral processes of democracies globally. They address the effects of political advertising on the voters and the systems of which it is a part.
Television Advertising and Democratic Systems around the World
Advertising and the Image of Politicians in Evolving and Established Democracies
The article1 analyzes the constructivist and realist approaches to research on voting behavior in presidential elections in evolving (Poland) and established (U.S.) democracies. The influence of a politician's image on affective attitudes toward the candidate is stressed in the first approach; the other approach stresses the role of affect in forming such an image. Using experimental data from the 2000 presidential elections in each country, the …
War on the Web
This study examined the immediate coverage of the 2003 Iraq War on the home pages of 246 international news Web sites. The results show that most of these online publications provided coverage and made Gulf War II their top story only hours after the war began. However, foreign news sites framed the war differently than U.S. sites. Domestic news sites focused more heavily on the military conflict, human interest, and media self-coverage while the…
The Television Advertising Battleground in the 2004 Presidential Election
This article discusses the televised political advertising used in the 2004 US presidential campaign. Using content analysis to describe 315 television advertisements sponsored by George W. Bush, John Kerry, and independent groups, the study found that both candidates focused more on issues rather than image in their campaign advertising, but differences were found in the top issues addressed by each campaign. For instance, terrorism and defense …
Political Advertising in the 2004 Election
Although television advertising remained a dominant form of communication in the 2004 presidential election, the Internet reached new levels of campaign importance, providing voters with information from candidates, the media, and independent sources. Internet sites not only provided online viewing of traditional television advertising but also provided voters with the opportunity to seek out additional information about television ads viewed on …
The New U.S. Campaign Regulations and Political Advertising
(2004). The New U.S. Campaign Regulations and Political Advertising. Journal of Political Marketing: Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 105-110
Hyperlinking as Gatekeeping
This study focuses on the online coverage of American terrorist Timothy McVeigh's execution on the websites of the top 15 print newspapers cited by Columbia Journalism Review as the "Best American Newspapers." Using content analysis, the study compares the 15 newspapers' websites by measuring the number, destination, and characteristics of hyperlinks that accompany these stories. The results suggest that online newspapers use hyperlinks as a gate…
Negative versus Positive Television Advertising in U.S. Presidential Campaigns, 1960–1988
Journal Article Negative versus Positive Television Advertising in U.S. Presidential Campaigns, 1960–1988 Get access Lynda Lee Kaid, Lynda Lee Kaid 1Lynda Lee Kaid is Professor in the Department of Communication, University of Oklahoma. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Anne Johnston Anne Johnston 2Anne Johnston is Assistant Professor in the Department of Radio, Television and Motion Pictures, University of …
War on the Web
This study examined the immediate coverage of the 2003 Iraq War on the home pages of 246 international news Web sites. The results show that most of these online publications provided coverage and made Gulf War II their top story only hours after the war began. However, foreign news sites framed the war differently than U.S. sites. Domestic news sites focused more heavily on the military conflict, human interest, and media self-coverage while the…
An experimental study of the effectiveness of negative political advertisements
Negative advertising has become an important factor in political campaign communication. Although previous research has suggested possible boomerang effects from such advertising, this experimental study of negative newspaper and television advertising by an “independent” sponsor shows that negative advertising reduces the image evaluation of the targeted politician. While the negative effect was greater for those in the political party opposite …
Effects of the Television Spots on Images of Dole and Clinton
This experimental study of the 1996 television spots conducted in a series of locations during the general election campaign indicates that exposure to Dole's spots enhanced his image in September, but October exposures resulted in a negative image effect for Dole and a positive one for Clinton. Effects of spot exposure on independents and on women were particularly significant. The results also show that technological manipulations in negative s…
Political Television Commercials
Considerable controversy has arisen over the use in political campaigns of short, image-oriented television commercials. This study compared the effect of type (image and issue) and length (5 minute and 60 second) of political television commercials in terms of candidate evaluation, recall of commercial content, and likelihood of voting for the candidate. Issue commercials resulted in higher candidate evaluation while image commercials resulted i…
Political Advertising in the 2004 Election
Although television advertising remained a dominant form of communication in the 2004 presidential election, the Internet reached new levels of campaign importance, providing voters with information from candidates, the media, and independent sources. Internet sites not only provided online viewing of traditional television advertising but also provided voters with the opportunity to seek out additional information about television ads viewed on …
Hyperlinking as Gatekeeping
This study focuses on the online coverage of American terrorist Timothy McVeigh's execution on the websites of the top 15 print newspapers cited by Columbia Journalism Review as the "Best American Newspapers." Using content analysis, the study compares the 15 newspapers' websites by measuring the number, destination, and characteristics of hyperlinks that accompany these stories. The results suggest that online newspapers use hyperlinks as a gate…
Stealth soapboxes
This study tests the effects of personalized and `stealth' political discourse on weblogs (or blogs) and the repercussions on levels of political trust, information efficacy and political uses/gratifications. By surveying readers of three different blogs ( N =1838), this study identified significant effects as a result of exposure to political statements on blogs. Indeed, there were differences in the levels of political cynicism depending on how…
The Front-Runner, Contenders, and Also-Rans
This study reports the effects of viewing a Republican primary debate that took place December 2, 1999, in Manchester, New Hampshire, and includes six candidates: Gary Bauer, George Bush, Steve Forbes, Orrin Hatch, John McCain, and Alan Keyes. After viewing the debate, respondents' perceptions of candidate image changed, and candidate vote preferences also changed. Our results suggest that primary debate participation may have negative consequenc…
Political Television Advertising in Western Democracies
This study describes and compares political broadcasts by candidates and parties in recent national elections in Germany (1990), the United States (1988), and France (1988). Comparisons encompass verbal content, nonverbal content, and television production techniques of advertisements. Issue content dominated French ads and often American ads as well; German spots were more likely to concentrate on party and candidate images. French broadcasts we…
Videostyle in Presidential Campaigns
Since 1952, when Eisenhower's media consultants decided they could warm up the General's personality and overcome selective exposure by using short spots on television, advertising has played a major role in American presidential campaigns. By the late 1990s, candidates and their political parties spend hundreds of millions on TV ads. Political spots have become the dominant form of communication between voters and candidates. Kaid and Johnston r…
The Effects of Political Advertising on Young Voters
Political advertising effects on candidate evaluations, issue recall, political cynicism, and gender differences are explored in this pretest-posttest examination of 764 young adult participants. Results show no major gender differences in evaluation of candidates. Participants reported learning more about Bush's image and more about Kerry's issues through the ads. Exposure to ads did not produce increased cynicism among the participants but sign…
Sex role perceptions and televised political advertising
Political Advertising as Political Marketing
Political advertising continues to be a foundation of political marketing, both in the United States and around the world. The perspective presented here provides a look back at what researchers have accomplished in political advertising research over the past five decades, followed by an assessment of the most important priorities for future research. We know most about televised political ads, which focus more on issues than personality and usu…
The Television Advertising Battleground in the 2004 Presidential Election
This article discusses the televised political advertising used in the 2004 US presidential campaign. Using content analysis to describe 315 television advertisements sponsored by George W. Bush, John Kerry, and independent groups, the study found that both candidates focused more on issues rather than image in their campaign advertising, but differences were found in the top issues addressed by each campaign. For instance, terrorism and defense …
Effects of Political Information in the 2000 Presidential Campaign
Growing use of the Internet in political campaigns raises questions about the relative impact of traditional media and the Internet on voters. This experimental study tested the effectiveness of exposure to advertising, debates, and news from the 2000 presidential campaign on television and via the Internet. Results suggested that Internet exposure resulted in higher evaluations for both Bush and Gore but that the debates were the only format in …
British Party Election Broadcasts
This article presents a content analysis of the British party election broadcasts (PEBs) aired by the Conservative and Labour Parties during the 1992 and 1997 general elections. Using “videostyle,” a content analysis catagorical framework that measures components of verbal, nonverbal, and production techniques, several revealing findings are presented in this article. Among the more interesting findings is the increased tendency for the British e…
Does social networking service usage mediate the association between smartphone usage and social capital
This study examined the effect of smartphone and social networking service (SNS) usage on various aspects of social capital, including trust, organizational participation, political participation, and network resources. The study further examined whether SNS usage moderates the relationship between smartphones and social capital. A cross-sectional survey data ( N = 339) from a random sample of university students was gathered. The results demonst…
Changing and Staying the Same
In 2004 Journalism Studies commissioned a number of senior journalists to reflect on their experiences of reporting the Presidential election and to draft ‘Front Line’ reports documenting continuities and changes in media coverage and shifts in campaign communication strategies, as well as developments in new media technologies, especially the Internet and their impact on political communications. In 2008, we again invited distinguished journalis…
Political argumentation and violations of audience expectations
This research analyzed the 1988 encounter between George Bush and Dan Rather on the CBS Evening News as an attack‐rebuttal sequence. The experimental study considered reactions to the 51⁄2‐minute mini‐documentary (attack) preceding the actual interview and to the live interview (rebuttal) itself. Respondents seeing the mini‐documentary only had more negative views of Bush; exposure to the mini‐documentary and interview together enhanced Bush's im…
Where Is She
Gatekeeping studies indicate that the top reason invoked by editors for excluding newsworthy stories from publication is a lack of space and inflexibility. Online news media, however, are not restricted by space and can, therefore, publish more diverse content with equal coverage. This content analysis of US and foreign online news magazines was conducted to determine whether women's portrayal in the news has benefited from the Internet's potenti…
Policing Political Ads
Researchers analyzed the content of five leading newspapers' coverage of 1992 political advertisements. Findings revealed that newspaper ad watches focused more on negative than on positive television spots, particularly those offered by incumbents rather than challengers. Political ads tended to be issue rather than image oriented. The researchers suggest that gatekeepers frame ad watches as priority agenda items. Although the visual and verbal …
Effects of Political Advertising in the 2008 Presidential Campaign
Political advertising remains the communication format that dominates presidential campaign budgets. In 2008 Obama's success in fund-raising resulted in record expenditures on political television advertising. This experimental study tested the effects of viewing a sample of Obama and McCain ads with 1,165 young citizens at 19 locations throughout the United States. Results indicated young citizens learned significantly more about the issue posit…
The Reflection of Cultural Parameters on Videostyles of Televised Political Spots in the US and Korea
Considering cross-cultural aspects of political communication, this study explores how political advertising plays a conspicuous role as an indicator of cultural orientations by comparing and contrasting videostyles of the televised political spots between the United States and Korea since the presidential election campaigns held in 1992. A content analysis of verbal, nonverbal and production components of the videostyles shows that televised pol…
Advertising and the Image of Politicians in Evolving and Established Democracies
The article1 analyzes the constructivist and realist approaches to research on voting behavior in presidential elections in evolving (Poland) and established (U.S.) democracies. The influence of a politician's image on affective attitudes toward the candidate is stressed in the first approach; the other approach stresses the role of affect in forming such an image. Using experimental data from the 2000 presidential elections in each country, the …
Instant Analysis of Televised Political Addresses
This study explored the importance of “instant analysis” of televised political addresses by exposing four groups of respondents to a 30-minute political speech by Ronald Reagan followed by a neutral, a positive, a negative, and no commentary by a newscaster. Evaluations of the speaker were not affected by type of commentary, and the speaker was evaluated higher than the commentator in all treatment groups. The presence of a commentary in most ca…
Political Communication Theory and Research
(1978). Political Communication Theory and Research: An Overview 1976 – 1977. Annals of the International Communication Association: Vol. 2, Communication Yearbook 2, pp. 375-389
Political Television Commercials
Considerable controversy has arisen over the use in political campaigns of short, image-oriented television commercials. This study compared the effect of type (image and issue) and length (5 minute and 60 second) of political television commercials in terms of candidate evaluation, recall of commercial content, and likelihood of voting for the candidate. Issue commercials resulted in higher candidate evaluation while image commercials resulted i…
Sex Role Perceptions and Televised Political Advertising
With a growing number of women seeking public office, it seems particularly important to compare public perceptions of male and female candidate performances of political television commercials, a dominant form of candidate-voter communication in modern elections. This experimental study tested reactions to both male and female candidates in each of six advertising settings. Two of these were settings traditionally associated with females, two we…
Sex role perceptions and televised political advertising
An experimental study of the effectiveness of negative political advertisements
Negative advertising has become an important factor in political campaign communication. Although previous research has suggested possible boomerang effects from such advertising, this experimental study of negative newspaper and television advertising by an “independent” sponsor shows that negative advertising reduces the image evaluation of the targeted politician. While the negative effect was greater for those in the political party opposite …
Political argumentation and violations of audience expectations
This research analyzed the 1988 encounter between George Bush and Dan Rather on the CBS Evening News as an attack‐rebuttal sequence. The experimental study considered reactions to the 51⁄2‐minute mini‐documentary (attack) preceding the actual interview and to the live interview (rebuttal) itself. Respondents seeing the mini‐documentary only had more negative views of Bush; exposure to the mini‐documentary and interview together enhanced Bush's im…
Negative versus Positive Television Advertising in U.S. Presidential Campaigns, 1960–1988
Journal Article Negative versus Positive Television Advertising in U.S. Presidential Campaigns, 1960–1988 Get access Lynda Lee Kaid, Lynda Lee Kaid 1Lynda Lee Kaid is Professor in the Department of Communication, University of Oklahoma. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Anne Johnston Anne Johnston 2Anne Johnston is Assistant Professor in the Department of Radio, Television and Motion Pictures, University of …
Die Massenmedien im Wahlkampf
Die Massenmedien nehmen in der modemen Wahlkampfplanung einen zentralen Platz ein, vor allem das Fernsehen als das vermeintlich wir kungsvollste Medium ist in den Mittelpunkt der Bemühungen von Par te
Die Massenmedien im Wahlkampf
Wahlspots im Fernsehen
Die Werbespots der Parteien sind eines der wichtigsten Mittel der Wahlkampagne im Fernsehen: die Spots werden von den Parteien selbst produziert, sie können daher die Themen bestimmen, die so in die Öffentlichkeit gebracht werden, und sie können das Image ihrer Kandidaten so gestalten, wie sie es verbreitet sehen möchten. Die kurzen Sendungen »Parteien zur Wahl« erreichen beträchtliche Einschaltquoten. CDU-Wahlkampfmanager Peter Radunski (1980; 1…
Die Beurteilung von Wahlspots im Fernsehen
In den Vereinigten Staaten wird den Wahlspots, für die die Kandidaten Sendezeit im Fernsehen kaufen können, schon lange eine wichtige Rolle in Wahlkämpfen zuerkannt. Das belegt auch eine umfangreiche Forschungstätigkeit, die sich den Spots unter verschiedenen Aspekten gewidmet hat. Mittlerweile liegen dort zahlreiche Ergebnisse über die Inhalte und die Gestaltung sowie über die Wirkungen der Spots vor, in den letzten Jahren wächst vor allem die L…
Notes on recent articles
Audience Reactions to Televised Political Programs
This paper reports the results of an experiment conducted during the December 1990 German national election. The design involved exposure of subjects in western (Hannover and Munich) and eastern (Leipzig) Germany to the television spots of the two major German national parties (the CDU and SPD) and pre-test/post-test measures of responses to party leaders as a result of spot viewing. Results indicated that viewing the television spots created a m…
Political Television Advertising in Western Democracies
This study describes and compares political broadcasts by candidates and parties in recent national elections in Germany (1990), the United States (1988), and France (1988). Comparisons encompass verbal content, nonverbal content, and television production techniques of advertisements. Issue content dominated French ads and often American ads as well; German spots were more likely to concentrate on party and candidate images. French broadcasts we…
Hail to the Candidate
Wahlen und Wahlkampf in den Medien
Policing Political Ads
Researchers analyzed the content of five leading newspapers' coverage of 1992 political advertisements. Findings revealed that newspaper ad watches focused more on negative than on positive television spots, particularly those offered by incumbents rather than challengers. Political ads tended to be issue rather than image oriented. The researchers suggest that gatekeepers frame ad watches as priority agenda items. Although the visual and verbal …
Advertising Watchdogs
For years, scholars have been interested in how the media report political campaigns. Until recently, however, few researchers have focused attention on how the media cover televised political ads. In response to the increasing number of ads capturing media and public attention, we conducted a content analysis of 1992 print and broadcast presidential ad watches. The findings offer much support for previous research but point to inconsistencies in…
Effects of the Television Spots on Images of Dole and Clinton
This experimental study of the 1996 television spots conducted in a series of locations during the general election campaign indicates that exposure to Dole's spots enhanced his image in September, but October exposures resulted in a negative image effect for Dole and a positive one for Clinton. Effects of spot exposure on independents and on women were particularly significant. The results also show that technological manipulations in negative s…
Americanization of Korean political advertising
This study explores televised political ads in the 1992 presidential election in the US and Korea to determine whether Korean political advertising follows American campaign styles—the findings are that it does. More specifically, the results demonstrated few differences between the two groups. However, some deep‐seated Korean cultural values still remain distinct in terms of negative advertising use and the category of ethical appeals. The concl…
Die Arbeit am Image. Kanzlerkandidaten in der Wahlwerbung
Seit der ersten Bundestagswahl im wiedervereinigten Deutschland 1990 haben die Wahlwerbespots der Parteien im Fernsehen auch hier zunehmend Interesse gefunden. Zum einen spielt das Fernsehen eine entscheidende Rolle dabei, wie Wähler Informationen über Parteien und Kandidaten erlangen. Zum anderen hat die Forschung festgestellt, daß Wahlwerbespots die Wahrnehmung von Kandidaten beeinflussen und daß sich diese je nach Geschlecht oder Region (Ostde…
Gender Reactions to TV Political Broadcasts
The Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics - Volume 5, Number 2, Spring 2000
Gender Reactions to TV Political Broadcasts
This study investigated differences in male and female responses to political television broadcasts during recent elections in the United States, Britain, France, Germany, Poland, and Romania. Experimental studies indicated that male and female voters responded differently to the political broadcasts but that these patterns were not uniform across the countries
British Party Election Broadcasts
This article presents a content analysis of the British party election broadcasts (PEBs) aired by the Conservative and Labour Parties during the 1992 and 1997 general elections. Using “videostyle,” a content analysis catagorical framework that measures components of verbal, nonverbal, and production techniques, several revealing findings are presented in this article. Among the more interesting findings is the increased tendency for the British e…
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