Madeline Zavodny
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 133171 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Madeline Zavodny |
| PRENOMES | Madeline |
| SOBRENOME | Zavodny |
| ASSINATURA | ZAVODNY M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Agnes Scott College |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5966-1688 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 40 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 372 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 40 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1999 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
The role of coresident grandparents in the Asian-white maternal employment gap in the US
Women’s fertility and employment decisions are closely linked, and both may be influenced by the availability of childcare. We investigate the role of grandparent coresidence—a potential source of childcare—in maternal employment, focusing on differences between Asian and non-Hispanic white women in the United States. Specifically, we examine whether the higher share of Asians living in an intergenerational household can account for why the mater…
US Immigration from Latin America in Historical Perspective
The share of US residents who were born in Latin America and the Caribbean plateaued recently, after a half century of rapid growth. Our review of the evidence on the US immigration wave from the region suggests that it bears many similarities to the major immigration waves of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, that the demographic and economic forces behind Latin American migrant inflows appear to have weakened across most sending cou…
Immigration, Working Conditions, and Compensating Differentials
The large inflow of less-educated immigrants into the United States in recent decades may have affected US natives' labor market outcomes in many ways, including their working conditions. Although the general consensus is that low-skilled immigrants tend to hold "worse" jobs than US natives, the impact of immigration on natives' working conditions has received little attention. This study examines how immigration has affected US natives' occupati…
How Foreign- and U.S.-Born Latinos Fare during Recessions and Recoveries
Latinos make up the nation’s largest ethnic minority group. The majority of Latinos are U.S. born, making the progress and well-being of Latinos no longer just a question of immigrant assimilation but also of the effectiveness of U.S. educational institutions and labor markets in equipping young Latinos to move out of the working class and into the middle class. One significant headwind to progress among Latinos is recessions. Economic outcomes o…
The Economics of Immigration
Economics of Immigration provides students with the tools needed to examine the economic impact of immigration and immigration policies over the past century. Students will develop an understanding of why and how people migrate across borders and will learn how to analyze the economic causes and effects of immigration. The main objectives of the book are for students to understand the decision to migrate; to understand the impact of immigration o…
Help Wanted
Pia M. Orrenius a, Madeline Zavodny b, Help Wanted: Employer Demand for Less-Skilled Temporary Foreign Worker Visas in an Era of Declining Unauthorized Immigration, RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, Vol. 6, No. 3, The Legal Landscape of U.S. Immigration in the Twenty-First Century (November 2020), pp. 45-67
Who Signs Up for E-Verify? Insights from DHS Enrollment Records
E-Verify is a federal electronic verification system that allows employers to check whether their newly hired workers are authorized to work in the United States. To use E-Verify, firms first must enroll with the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Participation is voluntary for most private-sector employers in the United States, but eight states currently require all or most employers to use E-Verify. This article uses confidential data from …
Do Immigrants Threaten US Public Safety
Executive Summary Opponents of immigration often claim that immigrants, particularly those who are unauthorized, are more likely than US natives to commit crimes and that they pose a threat to public safety. There is little evidence to support these claims. In fact, research overwhelmingly indicates that immigrants are less likely than similar US natives to commit violent and property crimes, and that areas with more immigrants have similar or lo…
Employment Among US Hispanics
Creating Cohesive, Coherent Immigration Policy
US immigration policy has serious limitations, particularly when viewed from an economic perspective. Some shortcomings arise from faulty initial design, others from the inability of the system to
Creating Cohesive, Coherent Immigration Policy
US immigration policy has serious limitations, particularly when viewed from an economic perspective. Some shortcomings arise from faulty initial design, others from the inability of the system to adapt to changing circumstances. In either case, a reluctance to confront politically difficult decisions is often a contributing factor to the failure to craft laws that can stand the test of time. We argue that, as a result, some key aspects of US imm…
Do state work eligibility verification laws reduce unauthorized immigration
During the 2000s, several states adopted laws requiring employers to verify new employees' eligibility to work legally in the USA. This study uses data from the 2005-2014 American Community Survey to examine how such laws affect unauthorized immigrants' locational choices. The results indicate that having an E-Verify law reduces the number of less-educated prime-age immigrants from Mexico and Central America-immigrants who are likely to be unauth…
The Economics of U . S . Immigration Policy
Credible Immigration Policy Reform
Chinese Immigrants in the U.S. Labor Market
The Tiananmen Square protests in 1989 and ensuing government crackdown affected Chinese nationals not only at home but also around the world. The U.S. government responded to the events in China by enacting multiple measures to protect Chinese nationals present in the United States. It first suspended all forced departures among Chinese nationals present in the country as of June 1989 and later gave them authorization to work legally. The Chinese…
Does the sale of sweetened beverages at school affect children's weight
Smoking restrictions in bars and bartender smoking in the US, 1992–2007
State clean indoor air laws covering bars appear to reduce smoking among bartenders primarily by changing the composition of the bartender workforce with respect to smoking rather than by reducing smoking among people already employed as bartenders when restrictions are adopted. Such laws may nonetheless be an important public health tool for reducing secondhand smoke
The effect of Medicaid eligibility expansions on fertility
The effects of tougher enforcement on the job prospects of recent Latin American immigrants
Attempts to enforce immigration laws in the U.S. interior have proliferated in recent years, yet the effects of these laws on immigrants are largely unknown. This paper examines whether increases in immigration‐related law enforcement since 2001 have adversely affected the labor market outcomes of low‐education male immigrants from Latin America, a group that comprises the bulk of undocumented workers in the U.S. The crackdown on the use of fraud…
Do immigrants work in riskier jobs
Recent media and government reports suggest that immigrants are more likely to hold jobs with poor working conditions than U.S.-born workers, perhaps because immigrants work in jobs that “ natives don’t want.” Despite this widespread view, earlier studies have not found immigrants to be in riskier jobs than natives. This study combines individual-level data from the 2003-2005 American Community Survey with Bureau of Labor Statistics data on work-…
The Effect of Minimum Wages on Immigrants' Employment and Earnings
This study examines how minimum wage laws affect the employment and earnings of low-skilled immigrants and natives in the United States. Minimum wage increases might have larger effects among low-skilled immigrants than among natives because, on average, immigrants earn less than natives due to lower levels of education, limited English skills, and less social capital. Results based on data from the Current Population Survey for the years 1994-20…
Immigrants, English Ability and the Digital Divide
Immigrants, English Ability and the Digital DivideThis study examines the extent and causes of inequalities in information technology (IT) ownership and use between natives and immigrants in the U.S., focusing on the role of English ability.The results indicate that, during the period 1997-2003, immigrants were significantly less likely to have access to or use a computer and the Internet.Moreover, the gap in IT usage widened during that period.I…
Digital inequality
Gender Differences in Information Technology Usage
This study examines whether there are differences in men's and women's use of computers and the Internet in the United States and Japan and, if so, how this gender gap has changed over time. We focus on these two countries because information technology is widely used in both, but there are substantial differences in institutions and social organizations. We use microdata from several surveys during 1997–2001 to examine differences and trends in …
Self-selection among undocumented immigrants from Mexico
Self-selection among undocumented immigrants from Mexico
Do immigrants work in riskier jobs
Recent media and government reports suggest that immigrants are more likely to hold jobs with poor working conditions than U.S.-born workers, perhaps because immigrants work in jobs that “ natives don’t want.” Despite this widespread view, earlier studies have not found immigrants to be in riskier jobs than natives. This study combines individual-level data from the 2003-2005 American Community Survey with Bureau of Labor Statistics data on work-…
The impact of welfare reform on marriage and divorce
The goal of the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act was to end needy parents’ dependence on governmental benefits, in part by promoting marriage. The prereform welfare system was widely believed to discourage marriage because it provided benefits primarily to single mothers. However, welfare reform may have actually decreased the incentives to be married by giving women greater financial independence via the progr…
Is the male marriage premium due to selection? The effect of shotgun weddings on the return to marriage
Gender and the Internet
Objective. This article examines whether there are differences in men's and women's use of the Internet and whether any such gender gaps have changed in recent years. Methods. We use data from several surveys during the period 1997–2001 to show trends in Internet usage and to estimate regression models of Internet usage that control for individuals’ socioeconomic characteristics. Results. Women were significantly less likely than men to use the I…
The effects of tougher enforcement on the job prospects of recent Latin American immigrants
Attempts to enforce immigration laws in the U.S. interior have proliferated in recent years, yet the effects of these laws on immigrants are largely unknown. This paper examines whether increases in immigration‐related law enforcement since 2001 have adversely affected the labor market outcomes of low‐education male immigrants from Latin America, a group that comprises the bulk of undocumented workers in the U.S. The crackdown on the use of fraud…
Digital inequality
Determinants of Recent Immigrants’ Locational Choices
High levels of immigration to the United States have caused the size of the foreign-born population to increase dramatically in recent years. Recent immigrants are concentrated in several states, particularly California. This article examines the determinants of the intended state of residence of new recipients of legal permanent resident status and new refugees from 1989 to 1994. The presence of other foreign-born people is the primary determina…
Determinants of Recent Immigrants' Locational Choices
High levels of immigration to the United States have caused the size of the foreign-born population to increase dramatically in recent years.Recent immigrants are concentrated in several states, particularly California.This paper examines the determinants of the intended state of residence of new recipients of legal permanent-resident status and new refugees over the 1989-94 period.The presence of other foreign-born people is the primary determin…
The effect of Medicaid eligibility expansions on fertility
Immigrants, English Ability and the Digital Divide
Immigrants, English Ability and the Digital DivideThis study examines the extent and causes of inequalities in information technology (IT) ownership and use between natives and immigrants in the U.S., focusing on the role of English ability.The results indicate that, during the period 1997-2003, immigrants were significantly less likely to have access to or use a computer and the Internet.Moreover, the gap in IT usage widened during that period.I…
Do state work eligibility verification laws reduce unauthorized immigration
During the 2000s, several states adopted laws requiring employers to verify new employees' eligibility to work legally in the USA. This study uses data from the 2005-2014 American Community Survey to examine how such laws affect unauthorized immigrants' locational choices. The results indicate that having an E-Verify law reduces the number of less-educated prime-age immigrants from Mexico and Central America-immigrants who are likely to be unauth…
The Effect of Minimum Wages on Immigrants' Employment and Earnings
This study examines how minimum wage laws affect the employment and earnings of low-skilled immigrants and natives in the United States. Minimum wage increases might have larger effects among low-skilled immigrants than among natives because, on average, immigrants earn less than natives due to lower levels of education, limited English skills, and less social capital. Results based on data from the Current Population Survey for the years 1994-20…
Did Abortion Legalization Reduce the Number of Unwanted Children? Evidence from Adoptions
The estimated effect of abortion legalization on adoption rates is sizable and can account for much of the decline in adoptions, particularly of children born to white women, during the early 1970s. These findings support previous studies' conclusions that abortion legalization led to a reduction in the number of "unwanted" children; such a reduction may have improved average infant health and children's living conditions
Do Men's Characteristics Affect Whether a Nonmarital Pregnancy Results in Marriage
A decline in the likelihood that a nonmarital pregnancy results in marriage has contributed to the dramatic rise in the nonmarital birth ratio since the 1960s in the United States. This study examines the effect of men's characteristics on whether they marry in the event of a nonmarital pregnancy and whether changes in average characteristics and in the effect of men's characteristics have contributed to the decline in the probability of legitima…
Creating Cohesive, Coherent Immigration Policy
US immigration policy has serious limitations, particularly when viewed from an economic perspective. Some shortcomings arise from faulty initial design, others from the inability of the system to
Fertility and Parental Consent for Minors to Receive Contraceptives
Objectives. I examined the effect of imposing a requirement for parental consent before minors can receive medical contraceptives. Methods. Birth and abortions among teens, relative to adults, in a suburban Illinois county that imposed a parental consent requirement in 1998 were compared with births and abortions in nearby counties during the period 1997–2000. Results. The relative proportion of births to women under age 19 years in the county ro…
Changes in the Age and Education Profile of Displaced Workers
This analysis of data from the Displaced Workers Surveys suggests that between the periods 1983-87 and 1993-97, although the likelihood of involuntary job loss declined among most age groups, including older workers, it rose for middle-aged and older workers relative to younger workers. Three potential explanations for this shift the authors investigate are changes in educational attainment, changes in the relationship between education and displ…
Race, Internet Usage, and E-Commerce
The authors examine racial and ethnic differences in computer ownership and Internet usage using data from a survey conducted by the Nomura Research Institute in 2000. They focus on on-line shopping because few studies have examined racial and ethnic differences in e-commerce. The results indicate that blacks and Hispanics are less likely to own or use a computer than are non-Hispanic whites but are not less likely to shop on-line. Indeed, blacks…
US Immigration from Latin America in Historical Perspective
The share of US residents who were born in Latin America and the Caribbean plateaued recently, after a half century of rapid growth. Our review of the evidence on the US immigration wave from the region suggests that it bears many similarities to the major immigration waves of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, that the demographic and economic forces behind Latin American migrant inflows appear to have weakened across most sending cou…
Help Wanted
Pia M. Orrenius a, Madeline Zavodny b, Help Wanted: Employer Demand for Less-Skilled Temporary Foreign Worker Visas in an Era of Declining Unauthorized Immigration, RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, Vol. 6, No. 3, The Legal Landscape of U.S. Immigration in the Twenty-First Century (November 2020), pp. 45-67
Do Immigrants Threaten US Public Safety
Executive Summary Opponents of immigration often claim that immigrants, particularly those who are unauthorized, are more likely than US natives to commit crimes and that they pose a threat to public safety. There is little evidence to support these claims. In fact, research overwhelmingly indicates that immigrants are less likely than similar US natives to commit violent and property crimes, and that areas with more immigrants have similar or lo…
Employment Among US Hispanics
Creating Cohesive, Coherent Immigration Policy
US immigration policy has serious limitations, particularly when viewed from an economic perspective. Some shortcomings arise from faulty initial design, others from the inability of the system to adapt to changing circumstances. In either case, a reluctance to confront politically difficult decisions is often a contributing factor to the failure to craft laws that can stand the test of time. We argue that, as a result, some key aspects of US imm…
Chinese Immigrants in the U.S. Labor Market
The Tiananmen Square protests in 1989 and ensuing government crackdown affected Chinese nationals not only at home but also around the world. The U.S. government responded to the events in China by enacting multiple measures to protect Chinese nationals present in the United States. It first suspended all forced departures among Chinese nationals present in the country as of June 1989 and later gave them authorization to work legally. The Chinese…
Determinants of Recent Immigrants' Locational Choices
High levels of immigration to the United States have caused the size of the foreign-born population to increase dramatically in recent years.Recent immigrants are concentrated in several states, particularly California.This paper examines the determinants of the intended state of residence of new recipients of legal permanent-resident status and new refugees over the 1989-94 period.The presence of other foreign-born people is the primary determin…
Determinants of Recent Immigrants’ Locational Choices
High levels of immigration to the United States have caused the size of the foreign-born population to increase dramatically in recent years. Recent immigrants are concentrated in several states, particularly California. This article examines the determinants of the intended state of residence of new recipients of legal permanent resident status and new refugees from 1989 to 1994. The presence of other foreign-born people is the primary determina…
Do Men's Characteristics Affect Whether a Nonmarital Pregnancy Results in Marriage
A decline in the likelihood that a nonmarital pregnancy results in marriage has contributed to the dramatic rise in the nonmarital birth ratio since the 1960s in the United States. This study examines the effect of men's characteristics on whether they marry in the event of a nonmarital pregnancy and whether changes in average characteristics and in the effect of men's characteristics have contributed to the decline in the probability of legitima…
Is the male marriage premium due to selection? The effect of shotgun weddings on the return to marriage
Did Abortion Legalization Reduce the Number of Unwanted Children? Evidence from Adoptions
The estimated effect of abortion legalization on adoption rates is sizable and can account for much of the decline in adoptions, particularly of children born to white women, during the early 1970s. These findings support previous studies' conclusions that abortion legalization led to a reduction in the number of "unwanted" children; such a reduction may have improved average infant health and children's living conditions
Race, Internet Usage, and E-Commerce
The authors examine racial and ethnic differences in computer ownership and Internet usage using data from a survey conducted by the Nomura Research Institute in 2000. They focus on on-line shopping because few studies have examined racial and ethnic differences in e-commerce. The results indicate that blacks and Hispanics are less likely to own or use a computer than are non-Hispanic whites but are not less likely to shop on-line. Indeed, blacks…
Do amnesty programs reduce undocumented immigration? Evidence from Irca
This article examines whether mass legalization programs reduce future undocumented immigration. We focus on the effects of the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act, which granted amnesty to nearly 2.7 million undocumented immigrants. We report that apprehensions of persons attempting to cross the U.S.-Mexico border illegally declined immediately following passage of the law but returned to normal levels during the period when undocumented imm…
Race, wages, and assimilation among Cuban immigrants
Do Amnesty Programs Reduce Undocumented Immigration? Evidence from Irca
This article examines whether mass legalization programs reduce future undocumented immigration. We focus on the effects of the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act, which granted amnesty to nearly 2.7 million undocumented immigrants. We report that apprehensions of persons attempting to cross the U.S.-Mexico border illegally declined immediately following passage of the law but returned to normal levels during the period when undocumented imm…
Gender and the Internet
This article examines whether there are differences in men’s and women’s use of the Internet and whether any such gender gaps have changed in recent years. The authors use data from several surveys during the period 1997 to 2001 to show trends in Internet usage and to estimate regression models of Internet usage that control for individuals’ socioeconomic characteristics. They find that women were significantly less likely than men to use the Int…
Gender and the Internet
Objective. This article examines whether there are differences in men's and women's use of the Internet and whether any such gender gaps have changed in recent years. Methods. We use data from several surveys during the period 1997–2001 to show trends in Internet usage and to estimate regression models of Internet usage that control for individuals’ socioeconomic characteristics. Results. Women were significantly less likely than men to use the I…
Changes in the Age and Education Profile of Displaced Workers
This analysis of data from the Displaced Workers Surveys suggests that between the periods 1983-87 and 1993-97, although the likelihood of involuntary job loss declined among most age groups, including older workers, it rose for middle-aged and older workers relative to younger workers. Three potential explanations for this shift the authors investigate are changes in educational attainment, changes in the relationship between education and displ…
Fertility and Parental Consent for Minors to Receive Contraceptives
Objectives. I examined the effect of imposing a requirement for parental consent before minors can receive medical contraceptives. Methods. Birth and abortions among teens, relative to adults, in a suburban Illinois county that imposed a parental consent requirement in 1998 were compared with births and abortions in nearby counties during the period 1997–2000. Results. The relative proportion of births to women under age 19 years in the county ro…
The impact of welfare reform on marriage and divorce
The goal of the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act was to end needy parents’ dependence on governmental benefits, in part by promoting marriage. The prereform welfare system was widely believed to discourage marriage because it provided benefits primarily to single mothers. However, welfare reform may have actually decreased the incentives to be married by giving women greater financial independence via the progr…
Gender Differences in Information Technology Usage
This study examines whether there are differences in men's and women's use of computers and the Internet in the United States and Japan and, if so, how this gender gap has changed over time. We focus on these two countries because information technology is widely used in both, but there are substantial differences in institutions and social organizations. We use microdata from several surveys during 1997–2001 to examine differences and trends in …
Self-selection among undocumented immigrants from Mexico
Zavodny Responds
Digital inequality
The Effect of Minimum Wages on Immigrants' Employment and Earnings
This study examines how minimum wage laws affect the employment and earnings of low-skilled immigrants and natives in the United States. Minimum wage increases might have larger effects among low-skilled immigrants than among natives because, on average, immigrants earn less than natives due to lower levels of education, limited English skills, and less social capital. Results based on data from the Current Population Survey for the years 1994-20…
Immigrants, English Ability and the Digital Divide
Immigrants, English Ability and the Digital DivideThis study examines the extent and causes of inequalities in information technology (IT) ownership and use between natives and immigrants in the U.S., focusing on the role of English ability.The results indicate that, during the period 1997-2003, immigrants were significantly less likely to have access to or use a computer and the Internet.Moreover, the gap in IT usage widened during that period.I…
The effects of tougher enforcement on the job prospects of recent Latin American immigrants
Attempts to enforce immigration laws in the U.S. interior have proliferated in recent years, yet the effects of these laws on immigrants are largely unknown. This paper examines whether increases in immigration‐related law enforcement since 2001 have adversely affected the labor market outcomes of low‐education male immigrants from Latin America, a group that comprises the bulk of undocumented workers in the U.S. The crackdown on the use of fraud…
Do immigrants work in riskier jobs
Recent media and government reports suggest that immigrants are more likely to hold jobs with poor working conditions than U.S.-born workers, perhaps because immigrants work in jobs that “ natives don’t want.” Despite this widespread view, earlier studies have not found immigrants to be in riskier jobs than natives. This study combines individual-level data from the 2003-2005 American Community Survey with Bureau of Labor Statistics data on work-…
Smoking restrictions in bars and bartender smoking in the US, 1992–2007
State clean indoor air laws covering bars appear to reduce smoking among bartenders primarily by changing the composition of the bartender workforce with respect to smoking rather than by reducing smoking among people already employed as bartenders when restrictions are adopted. Such laws may nonetheless be an important public health tool for reducing secondhand smoke
The effect of Medicaid eligibility expansions on fertility
Does the sale of sweetened beverages at school affect children's weight
Economics (32 obras) · Demographic economics (29 obras) · Sociology (25 obras) · Immigration (24 obras) · Political science (23 obras) · Migration and Labor Dynamics (21 obras) · Demography (19 obras) · Law (17 obras) · Law (15 obras) · Population (15 obras)