János Gábor Tarbay
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1344741 |
|---|---|
| NOME | János Gábor Tarbay |
| PRENOMES | János Gábor |
| SOBRENOME | Tarbay |
| ASSINATURA | TARBAY J G |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Hungarian National Museum |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2363-7034 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 38 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 22 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 38 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2015 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Late Bronze Age Arrowheads from Transdanubia and Beyond
The study provides a synthesis of Late Bronze Age arrowheads discovered in Transdanubia, western Hungary, supplemented by a selection of arrowheads and a harpoon head from the collection of the Hungarian National Museum, Budapest. This analysis was enabled by the reassessment of curated artefacts preserved in Hungarian museum collections within the framework of the research project The Technology, Use and Manipulation of Weapons from Late Bronze …
Kartal
In 2019, a new Late Bronze Age (LBA) assemblage from Völgy-dűlő at Kartal (Pest County) was added to the number of bronze hoards excavated in the framework of community archaeological programmes in Hungary. This unique assemblage was deposited beneath two fragments of a pot, originally arranged regularly. The Carpathian Basin-style objects in the Kartal hoard date to several periods from Br D to Ha B1; based on their typo-chronological analysis, …
Millet and honey in a Late Bronze Age Kirkendrup–Jenišovice-type bronze cup from the Somló Hill
The study presents a recently discovered bronze cup and the results of its THM-GC/MS analysis from Somló Hill, County Veszprém, Hungary. The cup came to light during an organised metal detector survey in 2024 as part of a hoard of 2,934 artefacts (Hoard VIII). This elaborately decorated vessel belongs to the supra-regional group of metal vessels known as Kirkendrup-Jenišovice-type cups. These cups are typically dated to the Ha B1 phase and occasi…
Comparative PGAA and LA-ICP-MS analyses of Late Bronze Age weapons and armour
Later prehistoric hoarding and habitation on Somló Hill, western Hungary
Somló Hill (Veszprém County, Hungary) is a prominent Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age hilltop settlement. Six new hoards present the unparalleled opportunity to study hoarding traditions and depositional practices, and to evaluate the changing roles and functions of the hilltop site
Pixe analysis of Late Bronze Age situlae from the eponymous Hajdúböszörmény-Csege-halom I hoard and Sényő-Dajkahegy, Northeastern Hungary
The paper introduces the particle-induced X-ray emission analysis (PIXE) of two Hajdúböszörmény-type situlae from the eponymous Hajdúböszörmény I hoard (collection of the Hungarian National Museum, Budapest) and Sényő (collection of the Jósa András Museum, Nyíregyháza). Both situlae are representative types of the period between 1080 and 960 BC, Ha B1, or the ‘Hajdúböszörmény hoard horizon’ of the Hungarian Late Bronze Age. The obtained results a…
X-ray and neutron radiography of Late Bronze Age weapons and armour from Western Hungary
The study introduces 2D images of X-ray and neutron radiography analyses carried out on Late Bronze Age Transdanubian combat weapons, a potential shield fragment, armour, and helmet fragments. The results were provided in the framework of the ‘Technology, Use and Manipulation of Weapons from Late Bronze Age Transdanubia’ research programme (2020–2024). The studied finds originate from different sites and contexts: a rapier (Keszthely), swords (Na…
A Late Bronze Age Collar from Somló Hill
An assemblage of over 5800 metal artefacts was discovered on Somló Hill during an archaeological metal detector survey in 2024. Preliminary typo-chronological examinations suggest that the new hoard most plausibly dates to the second half of the Ha B period. This report focuses on the most outstanding artefact in the assemblage, a gold-foil-covered neck collar (Halskragen). This collar is a unique piece of jewellery, not yet fully matched in styl…
Looking beyond X-ray
A Looted ‘Hoard’ from ‘Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County’
The study details a looted hoard seized near the village of Vaja by the Mátészalka Police during a night of police control. According to the person who smuggled the finds, the findings were discovered in the ‘attic of a house in Budapest, during garbage disposal’. This obvious lie can be easily refuted by the results of the typo-chronological analysis of the objects. The seized finds comprise sword blades, spearheads, a knife, socketed axes and c…
New radiocarbon dates from the Bronze Age Tiszafüred-Majoroshalom site (Eastern Hungary)
In this paper we present new AMS radiocarbon dates from the Bronze Age cemetery of Tiszafüred-Majoroshalom excavated between 1961 and 1972. The cemetery provides crucial information on the cultural development and chronology of the Bronze Age Otomani-Füzesabony and the Tumulus cultures of Eastern Central Europe, in addition to the transition between the Middle and Late Bronze Age (approx. 1500 BC) in the Great Hungarian Plain
Late Bronze Age spears in the ‘floor’ from Velem-Szent Vid, Hungary
The study introduces a spearhead hoard from the Velem-Szent Vid hillfort (Vas County, Hungary), which was retrieved by the joint research project of the Eötvös Loránd University Institute of Archaeological Sciences and the Centre archéologique européen du Mont Beuvray in 1993. The two spearheads were found next to each other, inserted into the ground of a potential house floor, on a settled plateau of the Velem-Szent Vid hillfort. The spearheads’…
The Late Bronze Age casting moulds from Poroszló-Aponhát
Three stone casting moulds are known from the Late Bronze Age mega-settlement of Poroszló-Aponhát, discovered in 1969 and 1971 during excavations led by Pál Patay. The moulds were made of different types of stone, all examined by petrographic analysis. Due to the ‘dig in spits’ excavation method, two moulds were found in diverse arbitrary spit levels, while one could be connected to a pit. This article discusses their exact location, material, po…
Late Bronze Age Swords with Leaded Hilts from Hungary
Late Bronze Age swords are associated with several technological innovations, one of the lesser-known examples being the casting of lead on the hilt of bronze swords. There are many practical reasons for that, including changing the sword’s point of balance, repairing casting defects, and improving the fastening of metal hilts and hilt plates. Some theorise that the addition of lead may even have a ritual explanation. In this study, handheld XRF …
Hallstatt period hoard from Somló Hill
In January 2023, the National Institute of Archaeology of the Hungarian National Museum launched a new research programme, the aim of which has been to explore the Somló Hill (Somló-hegy) (Veszprém County), a site neglected by systematic field research focusing on Late Bronze Age (LBA) and Early Iron Age (EIA) inhabitation. Somló Hill was often considered one of the most important EIA power centres in the western part of the Carpathian Basin. How…
The Late Bronze Age Somló Hill and a new bronze hoard
In January 2023, the National Institute of Archaeology of the Hungarian National Museum launched a new research programme, the aim of which is to explore Somló Hill (Veszprém County), which has been neglected by systematic field research focusing on the Late Bronze Age (LBA) and Early Iron Age (EIA) inhabitation of the site. In the current phase of the research programme, new, preliminary results have been provided on the settlement history of th…
Re-evaluation of the Late Bronze Age “warrior equipment” from the collection of the Ministry of Defence, Military History Institute and Museum, Hungary
A complex case of trade in metals
Metal artefacts from Bronze Age hoards have routinely been used to study interregional contacts. Their stylistic and typological features helped distinguish local products and imports by appearance. In the last 40 years, combined lead isotope and chemical analyses of metals have been widely applied to verify hypotheses based on style and typology. This paper is a comprehensive typological and analytical study of a metal item hoard discovered in P…
Moving metals V
The remarkable typological parallels between Carpathian and Scandinavian metalwork, especially from around 1700 to 1500 BC, have long been stressed as evidence that the Carpathian tell communities supplied the Scandinavians with copper. Thus, this study's main objective was to investigate if Bronze Age societies in Scandinavia and the Carpathian basin utilized the same copper sources. To test this hypothesis, analyses, comprising lead isotopes an…
A Late Bronze Age ‘Hoard’ and Metal Stray Finds from Tiszalök-Rázompuszta (Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County, Hungary)
The paper presents an uncertain Late Bronze Age (Ha B1) hoard and metal stray finds from Tiszalök (Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County) that were discovered more than half a century ago, around 1952, and remained hidden for research in the private collection of László Teleki, the chief engineer of the Tiszalök hydroelectric power plant’s construction. Based on an escrow contract between the granddaughter of the late collector, Zsófia Farkasné Teleki an…
The Hajdúböszörmény-Csege-halom Hoard and its Related Finds in Europe
The study discusses a bronze hoard well-known through Europe from Hajdúböszörmény-Csege-halom (Hajdú-Bihar County, Hungary) which consists of weapons and a bronze vessel set. On one hand, the aim of the study is to introduce the newest results related to this unique eponymous find. On the other hand, it analyses the assemblage in a European context, characterize and interpret its supra-regional connections based on the composition and depositiona…
Observations on the production technology of the Tápióbicske and Abrudbánya gold armlets
The study discusses the technological traces of the Middle Bronze Age gold armlets with crescent-shaped terminals from Tápióbicske (Hungary, Pest County) and Abrud (Romania, Alba County). Our aim was to conduct in-depth analyses of these finds’ production technological, and use-wear traces, as well as the identification of their modern damages. Several tools, e.g., a bronze chisel, stone hammers, bronze, and hardwood awls, were used to make these…
The Essence of Power
The study discusses a new gold armlet from Tápióbicske (Pest County, HU), a unique masterpiece of the Carpathian Middle Bronze Age. This exceptional find belongs to the group of gold armlets with crescent-shaped terminals. Its best parallel is the Bilje (HR) gold armlet. The results of stylistic analysis of the patterns on the Tápióbicske gold armlet suggest that these sheet metal gold armlets may be associated with the gold and bronze products f…
Handheld XRF analysis of gold armlets with crescent-shaped terminals from the prehistoric collection of the Hungarian National Museum
In this study, we present the elemental composition results determined with handheld XRF method on the gold armlets with crescent-shaped terminals from the Prehistoric Collection of the Hungarian National Museum. In addition to the new Tápióbicske find, the Dunavecse, Biia, the Géza Kárász Collection find from Transylvania and the Körös area specimens were also included in the analysis. Based on the handheld XRF results, it can be concluded that …
A Koszider Period Sword from Tornyospálca-Sírkútgaz (Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County, Hungary)
The study discusses a metal-hilted sword from Tornyospálca-Sírkútgaz (Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County, Hungary). This find is an “old debt” of local Bronze Age research since it was left unpublished in the prehistoric collection of the Hungarian National Museum for more than half a century following its accidental discovery in 1956. The Tornyospálca-Sírkútgaz sword is a unique weapon compared to other Middle Bronze Age (Koszider Period, Br B1) Carp…
Late Bronze Age depot from the foothills of the Pilis Mountains
The analyzed assemblage was found in 2008 by Gergely Radovics, in the vicinity of Kesztölc (Hungary, Komárom-Esztergom county). It consists of 107 artefacts (total weight: 12260.31 g) which can be divided into nine groups based on their function: 1. weapons; 2. utensils; 3. clothing parts; 4. metal vessel; 5. wagon part; 7. semi-finished products; 8. metallurgical byproducts; 9. unclassifiable objects. The aim of this study is to give a complete …
Non-destructive analysis of a Late Bronze Age hoard from the Velem-Szent Vid hillfort
A complex case of trade in metals
Metal artefacts from Bronze Age hoards have routinely been used to study interregional contacts. Their stylistic and typological features helped distinguish local products and imports by appearance. In the last 40 years, combined lead isotope and chemical analyses of metals have been widely applied to verify hypotheses based on style and typology. This paper is a comprehensive typological and analytical study of a metal item hoard discovered in P…
A new Late Bronze Age warrior equipment from East Central Europe
The aim of this study is to evaluate a Late Bronze Age (Ha A–Ha B1) “assemblage” in the collection of the MoD Military History Institute and Museum (Budapest). It consists of significant defensive (greaves, conical helmet) and offensive weapons (a flange-hilted sword with a mount of the sheath) as well as a Fuchsstadt type cup, three flange-hilted knives, a wagon model part and several other unidentifiable sheet bronze fragments. According to the…
Comparative PGAA and LA-ICP-MS analyses of Late Bronze Age weapons and armour
Re-evaluation of the Late Bronze Age “warrior equipment” from the collection of the Ministry of Defence, Military History Institute and Museum, Hungary
A Late Bronze Age ‘Hoard’ and Metal Stray Finds from Tiszalök-Rázompuszta (Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County, Hungary)
The paper presents an uncertain Late Bronze Age (Ha B1) hoard and metal stray finds from Tiszalök (Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County) that were discovered more than half a century ago, around 1952, and remained hidden for research in the private collection of László Teleki, the chief engineer of the Tiszalök hydroelectric power plant’s construction. Based on an escrow contract between the granddaughter of the late collector, Zsófia Farkasné Teleki an…
Introducing the spear project
The Central-European “spiral arm-guard”. Notes on the Bronze Age assymetrical arm- and anklets
The aim of this study is to evaluate seven, unpublished Late Bronze Age (Br D–Ha A1) “spiral arm-guards” (Germ. Handschutzspiralen) from the Delhaes collection (Hungarian National Museum, Budapest). Despite the fact that their exact finding place and circumstances of discovery are unknown, it was possible to locate their presumable place of origin by the aid of the typo-chronological method. Moreover, with the help of macroscopic observations, we…
A new Late Bronze Age warrior equipment from East Central Europe
The aim of this study is to evaluate a Late Bronze Age (Ha A–Ha B1) “assemblage” in the collection of the MoD Military History Institute and Museum (Budapest). It consists of significant defensive (greaves, conical helmet) and offensive weapons (a flange-hilted sword with a mount of the sheath) as well as a Fuchsstadt type cup, three flange-hilted knives, a wagon model part and several other unidentifiable sheet bronze fragments. According to the…
Late Bronze Age depot from the foothills of the Pilis Mountains
The analyzed assemblage was found in 2008 by Gergely Radovics, in the vicinity of Kesztölc (Hungary, Komárom-Esztergom county). It consists of 107 artefacts (total weight: 12260.31 g) which can be divided into nine groups based on their function: 1. weapons; 2. utensils; 3. clothing parts; 4. metal vessel; 5. wagon part; 7. semi-finished products; 8. metallurgical byproducts; 9. unclassifiable objects. The aim of this study is to give a complete …
The Late Bronze Age “scrap hoard” from Nagydobsza. Part I
The aim of this study is to evaluate the Late Bronze Age hoard from Nagydobsza (Hungary, Co. Baranya) from the perspective of the typo-chronological method and macroscopic examination. The Nagydobsza hoard consists of 263 artefacts (total weight: 19.053 g) which can be classified into five groups: weapons, tools, clothing parts, semi-finished products and metal working debris. According to the macroscopic investigation, the objects can be divided…
The bottom of the looted cauldron. Part I
The following study deals with a looted metal sheet artefact probably originating from the Balkan region. Our main goal is to give a preliminary technological characterization of the object by the aid of four different analytical methods (macro- and microscopic observations, Neutron and X-ray Radiography, X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy). Using these different techniques together allowed us to characterize this complex metal sheet object more pre…
Introducing the spear project
On selection in “common hoards”. The Szajla hoard and some related finds from Late Bronze Age Carpathian Basin
Moulds for large daggers. Unique finds from the Bronze Age Hatvan-Strázsa-hegy tell
The present study discusses five Bronze Age sandstone casting moulds from the Hatvan-Strázsa-hegy tell (Hungary, Heves County), which have been acquired by the Ministry of Defence Institute and Museum of Military History in the 1990s. One of the moulds is a semi-finished product, showing a negative of a dagger hilt pommel. The other four moulds were suitable to cast large triangular-shaped dagger blades and they can be arranged into two pairs, ba…
Looted Warriors” from Eastern Europe
The study discusses and calls attention to assemblages that are recent victims of illicit metal detectoring in Eastern Europe. The first one is a Ha B1 sword hoard, allegedly from Mátészalka (Hungary, Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County). The assemblage was looted in 2017. In less than a year, two of the finds have entered the British antiquities market and they were sold under fake provenance. The second find could have been a late Period V (Ha B3) el…
Melted Swords and Broken Metal Vessels
This study discusses finds acquired by the Hungarian National Museum in 1880 from Tatabánya-Bánhida.We presume that they have belonged to two assemblages. Assemblage ‘A’ consists of fragments of a burnt flange-hilted sword, an armspiral, fragments of a Type B1 cauldron and two metal sheets of uncertain function that might have belonged to a Hajdúböszörmény-style metal vessel and a miniature greave. Assemblage ‘B’ contains only two fragments of a …
The Casting Mould and the Wetland Find – New Data on the Late Bronze Age Peschiera Daggers
This study discusses an unprovenanced dagger mould from the collection of the MoD IMMH1 and a new bronze dagger found in Tahitótfalu-Szentendre Island. Both artefacts belong to the group of Peschiera daggers, which were the most characteristic in Europe between the Br D–Ha A1 periods. Besides analysing these finds, some notes were also made on the manufacturing technology and use-life of the Peschiera-type moulds and daggers in the Late Bronze Ag…
Type Gyermely Hoards and Their Dating A Supplemented Thesis Abstract
of PhD thesis submitted in 2019 to the Archaeology Doctoral Programme, Doctoral School of History, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest under the supervision of Gábor V. Szabó
Non-destructive analysis of a Late Bronze Age hoard from the Velem-Szent Vid hillfort
Observations on the production technology of the Tápióbicske and Abrudbánya gold armlets
The study discusses the technological traces of the Middle Bronze Age gold armlets with crescent-shaped terminals from Tápióbicske (Hungary, Pest County) and Abrud (Romania, Alba County). Our aim was to conduct in-depth analyses of these finds’ production technological, and use-wear traces, as well as the identification of their modern damages. Several tools, e.g., a bronze chisel, stone hammers, bronze, and hardwood awls, were used to make these…
The Essence of Power
The study discusses a new gold armlet from Tápióbicske (Pest County, HU), a unique masterpiece of the Carpathian Middle Bronze Age. This exceptional find belongs to the group of gold armlets with crescent-shaped terminals. Its best parallel is the Bilje (HR) gold armlet. The results of stylistic analysis of the patterns on the Tápióbicske gold armlet suggest that these sheet metal gold armlets may be associated with the gold and bronze products f…
Handheld XRF analysis of gold armlets with crescent-shaped terminals from the prehistoric collection of the Hungarian National Museum
In this study, we present the elemental composition results determined with handheld XRF method on the gold armlets with crescent-shaped terminals from the Prehistoric Collection of the Hungarian National Museum. In addition to the new Tápióbicske find, the Dunavecse, Biia, the Géza Kárász Collection find from Transylvania and the Körös area specimens were also included in the analysis. Based on the handheld XRF results, it can be concluded that …
A Koszider Period Sword from Tornyospálca-Sírkútgaz (Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County, Hungary)
The study discusses a metal-hilted sword from Tornyospálca-Sírkútgaz (Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County, Hungary). This find is an “old debt” of local Bronze Age research since it was left unpublished in the prehistoric collection of the Hungarian National Museum for more than half a century following its accidental discovery in 1956. The Tornyospálca-Sírkútgaz sword is a unique weapon compared to other Middle Bronze Age (Koszider Period, Br B1) Carp…
Late Bronze Age spears in the ‘floor’ from Velem-Szent Vid, Hungary
The study introduces a spearhead hoard from the Velem-Szent Vid hillfort (Vas County, Hungary), which was retrieved by the joint research project of the Eötvös Loránd University Institute of Archaeological Sciences and the Centre archéologique européen du Mont Beuvray in 1993. The two spearheads were found next to each other, inserted into the ground of a potential house floor, on a settled plateau of the Velem-Szent Vid hillfort. The spearheads’…
The Late Bronze Age casting moulds from Poroszló-Aponhát
Three stone casting moulds are known from the Late Bronze Age mega-settlement of Poroszló-Aponhát, discovered in 1969 and 1971 during excavations led by Pál Patay. The moulds were made of different types of stone, all examined by petrographic analysis. Due to the ‘dig in spits’ excavation method, two moulds were found in diverse arbitrary spit levels, while one could be connected to a pit. This article discusses their exact location, material, po…
Late Bronze Age Swords with Leaded Hilts from Hungary
Late Bronze Age swords are associated with several technological innovations, one of the lesser-known examples being the casting of lead on the hilt of bronze swords. There are many practical reasons for that, including changing the sword’s point of balance, repairing casting defects, and improving the fastening of metal hilts and hilt plates. Some theorise that the addition of lead may even have a ritual explanation. In this study, handheld XRF …
Hallstatt period hoard from Somló Hill
In January 2023, the National Institute of Archaeology of the Hungarian National Museum launched a new research programme, the aim of which has been to explore the Somló Hill (Somló-hegy) (Veszprém County), a site neglected by systematic field research focusing on Late Bronze Age (LBA) and Early Iron Age (EIA) inhabitation. Somló Hill was often considered one of the most important EIA power centres in the western part of the Carpathian Basin. How…
The Late Bronze Age Somló Hill and a new bronze hoard
In January 2023, the National Institute of Archaeology of the Hungarian National Museum launched a new research programme, the aim of which is to explore Somló Hill (Veszprém County), which has been neglected by systematic field research focusing on the Late Bronze Age (LBA) and Early Iron Age (EIA) inhabitation of the site. In the current phase of the research programme, new, preliminary results have been provided on the settlement history of th…
Re-evaluation of the Late Bronze Age “warrior equipment” from the collection of the Ministry of Defence, Military History Institute and Museum, Hungary
A complex case of trade in metals
Metal artefacts from Bronze Age hoards have routinely been used to study interregional contacts. Their stylistic and typological features helped distinguish local products and imports by appearance. In the last 40 years, combined lead isotope and chemical analyses of metals have been widely applied to verify hypotheses based on style and typology. This paper is a comprehensive typological and analytical study of a metal item hoard discovered in P…
Moving metals V
The remarkable typological parallels between Carpathian and Scandinavian metalwork, especially from around 1700 to 1500 BC, have long been stressed as evidence that the Carpathian tell communities supplied the Scandinavians with copper. Thus, this study's main objective was to investigate if Bronze Age societies in Scandinavia and the Carpathian basin utilized the same copper sources. To test this hypothesis, analyses, comprising lead isotopes an…
Archaeology (31 obras) · Bronze (29 obras) · Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies (27 obras) · Bronze Age (26 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (25 obras) · History (25 obras) · Geography (24 obras) · Ancient history (23 obras) · Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts (20 obras) · Hoard (18 obras)