Chandra L Ford
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 139133 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Chandra L Ford |
| PRENOMES | Chandra L |
| SOBRENOME | Ford |
| ASSINATURA | FORD C L |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of California, Los Angeles |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7684-1840 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 46 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 823 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 45 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2004 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Can Neighborhood Eviction Filings Explain the Impact of Gentrification on Preterm Birth Among Black Birthing People in the San Francisco Bay Area? A Multi-Level Mediation Analysis
Neighborhood inequality contributes to the persistent racial disparity in preterm birth in the United States. Gentrification has received increasing attention in public health literature as a neighborhood change process rooted in inequality. However, current research in this area has produced mixed results. One study found that living in gentrifying neighborhoods increases the risk of preterm birth for Black women. However, another found a protec…
Ecological Impacts of Structural Racism on Health Disparity Through Its Determinants and Mediating Factors
Health disparities among populations across geographic regions, demographic and socio-economic groups are well documented; however, ecological studies which visually demonstrate health disparities associated with structural racism among racialized populations are limited. The purpose of this study was to examine low birthweight (LBW) as a measurable indicator of disproportionate health impacts across three race/ethnicity groups-non-Hispanic Black…
Charting a path forward toward integrating macrolevel phenomena, marginalization, and health equity principles in into dissemination and implementation science
Rapid Assessment of Covid Evidence (Race)
Much has been written in the Rapid Assessment of COVID Evidence (RACE) series about the COVID-19 pandemic’s collateral consequences and disproportionate impact on Black and brown people, the working class, and the poor. With this final issue of the series, we review our efforts and the reasons for embarking on this work, lessons learned, and future directions. With over 10,500,000 children1 having lost primary caretakers during the pandemic and w…
Contextualizing Inequities in Covid Vaccination Trends Among Project Refocus Pilot Sites
Community organizers, researchers, policymakers, and practitioners can track racism-related factors and other social determinants of health as part of the contexts in which COVID-related inequities occur
Decolonization and antiracism
In this paper, as Black scholars, we address ways that interventions designed to promote equity in health can create pathways for coupling decolonization with antiracism by drawing on the intersection of the health of Africans and African Americans. To frame this intersection, we offer the Public Health Critical Race Praxis (PHCRP) and the PEN-3 Cultural Model as antiracism and decolonization tools that can jointly advance research on colonizatio…
Cross-Disciplinary Rapid Scoping Review of Structural Racial and Caste Discrimination Associated with Population Health Disparities in the 21st Century
A cross-disciplinary rapid scoping review was carried out, generally following the PRISMA-SCR protocol to examine historical racial and caste-based discrimination as structural determinants of health disparities in the 21st century. We selected 48 peer-reviewed full-text articles available from the University of Memphis Libraries database search, focusing on three selected case-study countries: the United States (US), Canada, and Nepal. The autho…
The War on Drugs, Racialized Capitalism, and Health Care Utilization Among White People Who Use Drugs in 22 Rural Appalachian Counties
Objectives. To analyze War on Drugs encounters and their relationships to health care utilization among White people who use drugs (PWUD) in 22 Appalachian rural counties in Kentucky, West Virginia, Ohio, and North Carolina. Methods. We recruited White PWUD using chain referral sampling in 2018 to 2020. Surveys asked about criminal–legal encounters, unmet health care needs, and other covariates. We used generalized estimating equations to regress…
An Equity-Based Scoring System for Evaluating Surveillance-Related Harm in Public Health Crises
The potential for surveillance systems to compromise the health and well-being of racialized and/or vulnerable populations has been understudied. This project developed and piloted a scoring system to accomplish this equity-based imperative. The nobler pursuits of public health to improve the health for all must be reconciled with these potential harms
Commentary
Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Chandra L. Ford; Commentary: Public Health Surveillance and Health Equity: Cause for Concern. Ethnicity and Disease 1 January 2023; 33 (1): 61–62. doi: https://doi.org/10.18865/2022-2024 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Man…
Examining the influence of group diversity on the functioning of community‐based participatory research partnerships
Public health has endorsed the use of community‐based participatory research (CBPR) to address health inequities involving diverse and marginalized communities. However, few studies have examined how group diversity among members of CBPR partnerships influenced how well the partnerships achieve their goals of addressing health inequities through equitable collaboration. We conducted secondary, convergent, mixed methods analysis to (1) evaluate th…
Commentary on Series 1
Ethn Dis. 2022;32(2):149-150; doi:10.18865/ed.32.2.149
Using Covid-19 Surveillance Systems to Identify and Monitor Disparities
Inadequate attention to racial health equity is a common challenge to effective, reliable monitoring and mitigation of COVID-19 disparities. Efforts to monitor and mitigate COVID-19 disparities continue to be hampered by inadequacies in how surveillance systems collect, tabulate, and report COVID-19-related outcomes. We conducted environmental scans of existing public health surveillance systems and reporting standards, literature reviews, focus …
Barely Tweeting and Rarely About Racism
Concerns about racism and inequities in COVID-19 vaccination continue on Twitter, but SHDs rarely tweet about them. This strikes a worrisome chord of disconnection from the science linking health inequities to racism
Integrated Methods for Applying Critical Race Theory to Qualitative Covid-19 Equity Research
These novel approaches provide an effective model for community-engaged qualitative research during a pandemic
Poverty, Racism, and the Public Health Crisis in America
The purpose of this article is to discuss poverty as a multidimensional factor influencing health. We will also explicate how racism contributes to and perpetuates the economic and financial inequality that diminishes prospects for population health improvement among marginalized racial and ethnic groups. Poverty is one of the most significant challenges for our society in this millennium. Over 40% of the world lives in poverty. The U.S. has one …
Tools to Promote Equity and Best Practices
This is the second volume of a two-volume special issue of the American Indian Culture and Research Journal dedicated to the indirect impact of COVID-19 on Indigenous Peoples. The first, 44.2, reports on COVID-19’s extensive impact on Indigenous Peoples and the resulting variety of responses at community and local levels. This second volume, 44.3, provides specific research and insights for improving reporting, identification, and prevention of C…
Health Implications of Housing Assignments for Incarcerated Transgender Women
Transgender women (i.e., persons who were assigned male sex at birth but who live and identify as female) experience forms of discrimination that limit their access to stable housing and contribute to high rates of incarceration; once incarcerated, the approaches used to assign them housing within the jail or prison place them at risk for abuse, rape, and other outcomes. Yet, a paucity of studies explores the implications of carceral housing assi…
Arabs, Whiteness, and Health Disparities
Arabs, Whiteness, and Health Disparities: The Need for Critical Race Theory and Data Chandra L. Ford PhD, MPH, MLIS, and Mienah Z. Sharif PhD, MPH Affiliation The authors are with The Center for the Study of Racism, Social Justice and Health, Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles.CopyRightCorrespondence should be sent to Chandra L. Ford, PhD, MPH, MLIS, Department of Commu…
Commentary
Department of Community Health Sciences, and Center for the Study of Racism, Social Justice & Health, Jonathan & Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles. Correspondence: Chandra L. Ford, PhD, MPH, MLIS, Department of Community Health Sciences, and Center for the Study of Racism, Social Justice & Health, Jonathan & Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 951772, 6…
Introduction
In a two-volume, special edition, AICRJ volume 44, issues 2 and 3, we examine COVID-19’s unique implications for Indigenous Peoples, nations, and communities. Within the United States, African Americans, Hispanics, and American Indians have experienced substantially higher levels of COVID-19 infection and death. The impact of COVID-19 on Indigenous Peoples residing in other countries differs according to the overall national strategy for dealing …
Racism
Anti-Racism Methods for Big Data Research
Public Health Critical Race Praxis (PHCRP) contributes three functional elements to health equity studies: a race conscious orientation; an antiracism lexicon based on Critical Race Theory (CRT); and an integrated, reflexive approach. Few big data studies employ all three functional elements. Therefore, this article describes the application of PHCRP to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing, Linkage and Retention in care (HIV TLR) study (N=3,4…
Notions of Blackness in the Context of HIV/Aids Disparities and Research
To examine relationships among race, racism, and disparities in human immunodeficiency syndrome and/or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) from a Public Health perspective requires a bas
Relationship between a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention expanded HIV testing initiative and past-year testing by race/ethnicity
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) expanded testing initiative (ETI) aims to bolster HIV testing among populations disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic by providing additional funding to health departments serving these communities. ETI prioritizes testing in clinical settings; therefore, we examined the relationship between state-level ETI participation and past-year HIV testing among a racially/ethnically diverse …
Structural Racism and Health Inequities
Racial minorities bear a disproportionate burden of morbidity and mortality. These inequities might be explained by racism, given the fact that racism has restricted the lives of racial minorities and immigrants throughout history. Recent studies have documented that individuals who report experiencing racism have greater rates of illnesses. While this body of research has been invaluable in advancing knowledge on health inequities, it still loca…
Critical Race Theory, Race Equity, and Public Health
Racial scholars argue that racism produces rates of morbidity, mortality, and overall well-being that vary depending on socially assigned race. Eliminating racism is therefore central to achieving health equity, but this requires new paradigms that are responsive to structural racism's contemporary influence on health, health inequities, and research. Critical Race Theory is an emerging transdisciplinary, race-equity methodology that originated i…
The public health critical race methodology
A new conceptualization of ethnicity for social epidemiologic and health equity research
Racial discrimination, gender discrimination, and substance abuse among Latina/os nationwide
This study investigates the relationship between discrimination and substance abuse among Latina/os, and further examines whether this relationship differs by gender and type of discrimination. Analyses focus on the Latina/o respondents (n = 1,039 men; n = 1,273 women) from the National Latino and Asian American Study carried out from 2002-2003. Outcomes were alcohol abuse and drug abuse measured using DSM-IV definitions and criteria. Additional …
Intersection of Living in a Rural Versus Urban Area and Race/Ethnicity in Explaining Access to Health Care in the United States
Objectives. To examine whether living in a rural versus urban area differentially exposes populations to social conditions associated with disparities in access to health care. Methods. We linked Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2005–2010) data to geographic data from the American Community Survey (2005–2009) and Area Health Resource File (2010). We categorized census tracts as rural and urban by using the Rural–Urban Commuting Area Codes. Respo…
Racial and ethnic residential segregation and access to health care in rural areas
Theory-Guided Selection of Discrimination Measures for Racial/ Ethnic Health Disparities Research Among Older Adults
Using theory to guide measure selection can help improve understanding of how perceived discrimination may contribute to racial/ethnic health disparities among older adults
Discrimination, drugs, and alcohol among Latina/os in Brooklyn, New York
Perceived Everyday Racism, Residential Segregation, and HIV Testing Among Patients at a Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic
Objectives. More than one quarter of HIV-infected people are undiagnosed and therefore unaware of their HIV-positive status. Blacks are disproportionately infected. Although perceived racism influences their attitudes toward HIV prevention, how racism influences their behaviors is unknown. We sought to determine whether perceiving everyday racism and racial segregation influence Black HIV testing behavior. Methods. This was a clinic-based, multil…
Arabs, Whiteness, and Health Disparities
Arabs, Whiteness, and Health Disparities: The Need for Critical Race Theory and Data Chandra L. Ford PhD, MPH, MLIS, and Mienah Z. Sharif PhD, MPH Affiliation The authors are with The Center for the Study of Racism, Social Justice and Health, Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles.CopyRightCorrespondence should be sent to Chandra L. Ford, PhD, MPH, MLIS, Department of Commu…
Commentary
Department of Community Health Sciences, and Center for the Study of Racism, Social Justice & Health, Jonathan & Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles. Correspondence: Chandra L. Ford, PhD, MPH, MLIS, Department of Community Health Sciences, and Center for the Study of Racism, Social Justice & Health, Jonathan & Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 951772, 6…
Usage of “Msm” and “Wsw” and the Broader Context of Public Health Research
In the July issue of the Journal, Young and Meyer1 describe how research targeting sexual minorities often relies upon the terms “men who have sex with men (MSM)” and “women who have sex with women (WSW)” in ways that elide important social considerations. The authors provide recommendations that are potentially quite useful, and they implore researchers to “aim for a deeper understanding of variations in the meaning of sexual identity and commun…
The War on Drugs, Racialized Capitalism, and Health Care Utilization Among White People Who Use Drugs in 22 Rural Appalachian Counties
Objectives. To analyze War on Drugs encounters and their relationships to health care utilization among White people who use drugs (PWUD) in 22 Appalachian rural counties in Kentucky, West Virginia, Ohio, and North Carolina. Methods. We recruited White PWUD using chain referral sampling in 2018 to 2020. Surveys asked about criminal–legal encounters, unmet health care needs, and other covariates. We used generalized estimating equations to regress…
Examining the influence of group diversity on the functioning of community‐based participatory research partnerships
Public health has endorsed the use of community‐based participatory research (CBPR) to address health inequities involving diverse and marginalized communities. However, few studies have examined how group diversity among members of CBPR partnerships influenced how well the partnerships achieve their goals of addressing health inequities through equitable collaboration. We conducted secondary, convergent, mixed methods analysis to (1) evaluate th…
Integrated Methods for Applying Critical Race Theory to Qualitative Covid-19 Equity Research
These novel approaches provide an effective model for community-engaged qualitative research during a pandemic
Health Implications of Housing Assignments for Incarcerated Transgender Women
Transgender women (i.e., persons who were assigned male sex at birth but who live and identify as female) experience forms of discrimination that limit their access to stable housing and contribute to high rates of incarceration; once incarcerated, the approaches used to assign them housing within the jail or prison place them at risk for abuse, rape, and other outcomes. Yet, a paucity of studies explores the implications of carceral housing assi…
Introduction
In a two-volume, special edition, AICRJ volume 44, issues 2 and 3, we examine COVID-19’s unique implications for Indigenous Peoples, nations, and communities. Within the United States, African Americans, Hispanics, and American Indians have experienced substantially higher levels of COVID-19 infection and death. The impact of COVID-19 on Indigenous Peoples residing in other countries differs according to the overall national strategy for dealing …
Barriers to asymptomatic screening and other STD services for adolescents and young adults
Further research is warranted to evaluate improving convenience, efficiency, and privacy of existing services; adding urine-based screening and new services closer to neighborhoods; and using mass media to disseminate STD information as strategies to increase STD screening
Usage of “Msm” and “Wsw” and the Broader Context of Public Health Research
In the July issue of the Journal, Young and Meyer1 describe how research targeting sexual minorities often relies upon the terms “men who have sex with men (MSM)” and “women who have sex with women (WSW)” in ways that elide important social considerations. The authors provide recommendations that are potentially quite useful, and they implore researchers to “aim for a deeper understanding of variations in the meaning of sexual identity and commun…
Black Sexuality, Social Construction, and Research Targeting ‘The Down Low’ (‘The DL’)
Social status, gender and alcohol-related problems
While blacks are not as engaged in risky/heavy drinking, they are not shielded from problems conditional on drinking patterns. Focus on alcohol-related problems among black males and unemployed is indicated
Perceived Everyday Racism, Residential Segregation, and HIV Testing Among Patients at a Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic
Objectives. More than one quarter of HIV-infected people are undiagnosed and therefore unaware of their HIV-positive status. Blacks are disproportionately infected. Although perceived racism influences their attitudes toward HIV prevention, how racism influences their behaviors is unknown. We sought to determine whether perceiving everyday racism and racial segregation influence Black HIV testing behavior. Methods. This was a clinic-based, multil…
Critical Race Theory, Race Equity, and Public Health
Racial scholars argue that racism produces rates of morbidity, mortality, and overall well-being that vary depending on socially assigned race. Eliminating racism is therefore central to achieving health equity, but this requires new paradigms that are responsive to structural racism's contemporary influence on health, health inequities, and research. Critical Race Theory is an emerging transdisciplinary, race-equity methodology that originated i…
A new conceptualization of ethnicity for social epidemiologic and health equity research
The public health critical race methodology
Structural Racism and Health Inequities
Racial minorities bear a disproportionate burden of morbidity and mortality. These inequities might be explained by racism, given the fact that racism has restricted the lives of racial minorities and immigrants throughout history. Recent studies have documented that individuals who report experiencing racism have greater rates of illnesses. While this body of research has been invaluable in advancing knowledge on health inequities, it still loca…
She Decides
The number of HIV-AIDS cases among African American women (AAW) continues to rise. AAW currently account for about 65% of AIDS diagnoses among women in the United States. Furthermore, among AAW living with HIV-AIDS, heterosexual transmission remains the leading cause of HIV spread. Indeed, examining AAWs sex partner selection patterns will be a key step in understanding how to support HIV prevention for this population. A grounded-theory study wa…
The Relationship Between Perceived Discrimination and High-Risk Social Ties Among Illicit Drug Users in New York City, 2006–2009
Getting to Know”
Theory-Guided Selection of Discrimination Measures for Racial/ Ethnic Health Disparities Research Among Older Adults
Using theory to guide measure selection can help improve understanding of how perceived discrimination may contribute to racial/ethnic health disparities among older adults
The Relationship Between Discrimination and High-Risk Social Ties by Race/Ethnicity
Discrimination, drugs, and alcohol among Latina/os in Brooklyn, New York
Racial discrimination, gender discrimination, and substance abuse among Latina/os nationwide
This study investigates the relationship between discrimination and substance abuse among Latina/os, and further examines whether this relationship differs by gender and type of discrimination. Analyses focus on the Latina/o respondents (n = 1,039 men; n = 1,273 women) from the National Latino and Asian American Study carried out from 2002-2003. Outcomes were alcohol abuse and drug abuse measured using DSM-IV definitions and criteria. Additional …
HIV testing among clients in high HIV prevalence venues
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends routine human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing of every client presenting for services in venues where HIV prevalence is high. Because older adults (aged ≥50 years) have particularly poor prognosis if they receive their diagnosis late in the course of HIV disease, any screening provided to younger adults in these venues should also be provided to older adults. We examined aging-related…
Relationship between a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention expanded HIV testing initiative and past-year testing by race/ethnicity
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) expanded testing initiative (ETI) aims to bolster HIV testing among populations disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic by providing additional funding to health departments serving these communities. ETI prioritizes testing in clinical settings; therefore, we examined the relationship between state-level ETI participation and past-year HIV testing among a racially/ethnically diverse …
Drug use Discrimination Predicts Formation of High-Risk Social Networks
Racial and ethnic residential segregation and access to health care in rural areas
Intersection of Living in a Rural Versus Urban Area and Race/Ethnicity in Explaining Access to Health Care in the United States
Objectives. To examine whether living in a rural versus urban area differentially exposes populations to social conditions associated with disparities in access to health care. Methods. We linked Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2005–2010) data to geographic data from the American Community Survey (2005–2009) and Area Health Resource File (2010). We categorized census tracts as rural and urban by using the Rural–Urban Commuting Area Codes. Respo…
Sexual Risk Behaviors and Substance Use Among Men Sexually Victimized by Women
Objectives. To investigate whether forced sex of men by women was associated with sexual risk behaviors, and whether this association was mediated by substance use. Methods. Data from US men aged 18 years or older at interview in the National Survey of Family Growth 2006–2010 (n = 8108) who reported sexual behavior history. Outcome variables were condom use at most recent sex and number of lifetime sexual partners. Sexual activity covariates incl…
Notions of Blackness in the Context of HIV/Aids Disparities and Research
To examine relationships among race, racism, and disparities in human immunodeficiency syndrome and/or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) from a Public Health perspective requires a bas
Anti-Racism Methods for Big Data Research
Public Health Critical Race Praxis (PHCRP) contributes three functional elements to health equity studies: a race conscious orientation; an antiracism lexicon based on Critical Race Theory (CRT); and an integrated, reflexive approach. Few big data studies employ all three functional elements. Therefore, this article describes the application of PHCRP to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing, Linkage and Retention in care (HIV TLR) study (N=3,4…
Racism
Medicine (43 obras) · Sociology (32 obras) · Public health (26 obras) · Political science (25 obras) · Psychology (21 obras) · Health equity (19 obras) · Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations (18 obras) · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research (18 obras) · Gender Studies (17 obras) · Gerontology (16 obras)