Karl Schweizer
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1444887 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Karl Schweizer |
| PRENOMES | Karl |
| SOBRENOME | Schweizer |
| ASSINATURA | SCHWEIZER K |
| AFILIAÇÕES | New Jersey Institute of Technology |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3143-2100 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 69 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 16 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 69 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1973 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
The Genuine University
Herbert Butterfield (1900–1979) never professed to be a theorist or philosopher of education and except for one specific work, The Universities and Education Today (1962), most of his reflections o
The Growing Need for ‘Sensible, Secure, and Safe Online Behavior’
This pioneering work explores the human dimension of cyber attacks, and specifically the “rhetoric of deception”—its sources, dynamics, and allure, via a computational, applied analysis of the mess
Keeping pace with the mind
BACKGROUND: Reducing mind-wandering during extended video lectures is an important but challenging goal. Prior research suggests that preset playback speeds influence attention and learning performance, but it remains unclear whether learner-regulated playback is associated with lower mind-wandering under constrained lecture viewing conditions, and whether this association differs across individuals. AIMS: This research investigated the associati…
Discriminating Between Attribute, Item-Position, and Wording Effects by the Congeneric and Tau-Equivalent Confirmatory Factor Analysis Models
The capability of confirmatory factor analysis to discriminate common systematic variation of attribute, item-position, and wording effects was investigated using the congeneric and tau-equivalent models. The simulated data generated according to four approaches included gradually increased amounts of item-position or wording effect variation while the amount of attribute variation was kept constant. The congeneric model always signified good mod…
Quantum International Relations
Overestimation of Internal Consistency by Coefficient Omega in Data Giving Rise to a Centroid-Like Factor Solution
Coefficient Omega measuring internal consistency is investigated for its deviations from expected outcomes when applied to correlational patterns that produce variable-focused factor solutions in confirmatory factor analysis. In these solutions, the factor loadings on the factor of the one-factor measurement model closely correspond to the correlations of one manifest variable with the other manifest variables, as is in centroid solutions. It is …
Ominous Portents
Ranging from Europe to the United States and to Latin America, this work—comprising decades of in-depth research—illustrates how right-wing extremists increasingly advocate violence, propaganda, ra
Conceptualizing Correlated Residuals as Item-Level Method Effects in Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Conceptualizing two-variable disturbances preventing good model fit in confirmatory factor analysis as item-level method effects instead of correlated residuals avoids violating the principle that residual variation is unique for each item. The possibility of representing such a disturbance by a method factor of a bifactor measurement model was investigated with respect to model identification. It turned out that a suitable way of realizing the m…
Martin Luther
Author of the acclaimed Martin Luther: Renegade and Prophet, Lyndal Roper has here produced a somewhat cryptic sequel: a series of related essays, explaining why Luther was such a dominant, controv
Diplomacy in the Early Islamic World
On Modeling Missing Data in Structural Investigations Based on Tetrachoric Correlations With Free and Fixed Factor Loadings
In modeling missing data, the missing data latent variable of the confirmatory factor model accounts for systematic variation associated with missing data so that replacement of what is missing is not required. This study aimed at extending the modeling missing data approach to tetrachoric correlations as input and at exploring the consequences of switching between models with free and fixed factor loadings. In a simulation study, confirmatory fa…
Rethinking Modern War
Ignorance
Sinja Graf, 2021. The Humanity of Universal Crime
In this innovative, stimulating, if stylistically ponderous work, Graf explores the evolution of “universal crime,” historically grounded in both colonial and post-colonial contexts – a co-relation that has remained understudied even though the terminology itself is increasingly considered integral to political/legal discourse the world over.1 In transcending the conventional focus on individual rights, enshrined in traditional liberal thought, t…
Karin Kneissl, 2020. Diplomatie Macht Geschichte
American Exceptionalism
The dual mechanisms of cognitive control and their relation to reasoning and the item-position effect
Braver's (2012) dual mechanisms of cognitive control differentiate between proactive control (PMC; i.e. early selection and maintenance of goal-relevant information) and reactive control (RMC; i.e. a late mobilization of attention when required). It has been suggested that higher cognitive capacities (as indicated by reasoning ability as a major characteristic of fluid intelligence) facilitate using the more resource-demanding PMC. We propose the…
A Semi-Hierarchical Confirmatory Factor Model for Speeded Data
This paper presents the semi-hierarchical model for confirmatory factor analysis of speeded data. The semi-hierarchical model is achieved by integrating information from the second level of the hierarchical structure of speeded data into the customary confirmatory factor model. The second level of speeded data originates from subsets of participants responding on the basis of different sources. In the semi-hierarchical model, the contributions of…
Higher-order processing and change-to-automaticity as explanations of the item-position effect in reasoning tests
Beyond the Nation State
The present work represents a benchmark in the ongoing intellectual debate concerning the current status and future of the European Union following the 2008 financial crisis in all its destabilizin
Does the Effect of a Time Limit for Testing Impair Structural Investigations by Means of Confirmatory Factor Models
The article reports three simulation studies conducted to find out whether the effect of a time limit for testing impairs model fit in investigations of structural validity, whether the representation of the assumed source of the effect prevents impairment of model fit and whether it is possible to identify and discriminate this method effect from another method effect. Omissions due to the time limit for testing were not considered as missing da…
The Jews and Germans of Hamburg
The Postmodern State
The traditional conception and validation of state identity, if not legitimacy, has in recent decades, so argues Jason Royce Lindsey, undergone profound alterations in response to novel transformat
Global History
The present volume provides a thoughtful, stimulating and soundly researched guide to global history: its inception, guiding precepts and approaches as well as its response to contemporary cultural
Is the Factor Observed in Investigations on the Item-Position Effect Actually the Difficulty Factor
In confirmatory factor analysis quite similar models of measurement serve the detection of the difficulty factor and the factor due to the item-position effect. The item-position effect refers to the increasing dependency among the responses to successively presented items of a test whereas the difficulty factor is ascribed to the wide range of item difficulties. The similarity of the models of measurement hampers the dissociation of these factor…
The Revitalization of Diplomatic History
Diplomacy is one of the oldest human institutions, with diplomatic records dating back to some of the earliest civilizations. At present, the methods and content of diplomatic history have much to offer modern scholars, but the field as a whole suffers from being out of step, philosophically, with the mainstream of historical and political-scientific study. The departure of diplomatic history from the philosophical mainstream both of political sc…
Modernity
In this complex, cross-cultural study, Isa Blumi avidly employs the full range of theoretical formulations identified with postmodernism—preeminently the deconstructionist tenets of Michel Foucault
Every Language Is an Archive
Diplomacy's Seamless Web
Britain, Prussia, Russia and the Galitzin Letter
Most historians have agreed that only the death of Empress Elizabeth (5 January 1762) and the accession of her nephew, the prussophile Peter III, saved Prussia from destruction in that epic conflict known as the Seven Years’ War. Just when Frederick II's military fortunes were at their lowest point — by early 1762, numerous parts of Prussia had already or were about to come under enemy control — and total defeat appeared unavoidable, chance inter…
The Value of Diplomatic History
This article, substantially based on archival sources, aims to rehabilitate diplomatic history as a mode of enquiry and education using the insights and reflections of Sir Herbert Butterfield, one of the leading historians of the twentieth century. Integrated with developments in theory, methodology and new areas of inquiry over the past generation, his thoughts, it will be argued, can inform the tenets of a revitalized diplomatic history—one tha…
The Contributions of Memory and Attention Processes to Cognitive Abilities
In two experiments, the contributions of memory and attention processes to the cognitive abilities of reasoning and perceptual speed were investigated. Two measures of speed of information retrieval from long-term and short-term memory (Posner paradigm, Sternberg paradigm) and two attention measures (continuous attention test, attention switching test) were included in the first experiment (N = 220). The memory tests led to correlations with the …
Complexity of Information Processing and the Speed-Ability Relationship
The effect of complexity, defined as a high number of cognitive operations in information processing, on the speed-ability relationship was investigated. Three reaction-time tasks and Wechsler's (1944) WAIS-R, as well as a reasoning scale, were administered to 76 university students. In each task, reaction times were obtained for three treatment levels, which required the participants to perform different numbers of cognitive operations: arithmet…
Lord Bute and William Pitt's Resignation in 1761
Lord Bute and William Pitt's Resignation in 1761
The Non-Renewal of the Anglo-Prussian Subsidy Treaty, 1761-1762
Britain, Prussia, Russia and the Galitzin Letter
Most historians have agreed that only the death of Empress Elizabeth (5 January 1762) and the accession of her nephew, the prussophile Peter III, saved Prussia from destruction in that epic conflict known as the Seven Years’ War. Just when Frederick II's military fortunes were at their lowest point — by early 1762, numerous parts of Prussia had already or were about to come under enemy control — and total defeat appeared unavoidable, chance inter…
European political facts 1648–1789
(1986). European political facts 1648–1789. History of European Ideas: Vol. 7, No. 5, pp. 536-536
The art of diplomacy
In 1716, the French diplomat and author Francois de CalliEres published the treatise De la Maniere de negocier avec les souverainsoan outstandingly successful manual of advice for diplomats, perhaps the best of its kind ever written. It has become the classic text, highly regarded by 18th century statesmen, who considered it essential reading for prospective diplomats, and by modern historians who have praised its insights into the conventions an…
Reference-Reliability as a Concept of Reliability of Change in Times Series Data
The concept of reference-reliability relates variability that is due to change to variability that is due to change and error. It is suitable for deciding whether some suspected change can reliably be differentiated from random fluctuations. This task requires a means by which to measure the process of change at different points in time. Aggregating the data in various ways is used to average out various sources of variation. The variation due to…
Classifying Variables on the Basis of Disaggregate Correlations
A clustering algorithm will be introduced in this article that is agglomerative hierarchical in nature and based on disaggregate correlations, and that may be used for classifying variables. The effect of aggregating data prevents the use of ordinary correlations as similarity measures between composite variables or between composite and single variables. This is because the magnitude of such correlations varies with the number of variables inclu…
A Correlation-Based Decision-Rule for Determining the Number of Clusters and Its Efficiency in Uni- and Multi-Level Data
In this article two versions of a decision-rule (SDC1 , 2) for determining the most appropriate number of clusters on the basis of a correlation matrix are presented, applied, and compared with three other decision rules: (a) Kaiser's eigenvalue greater than one (EV), (b) the scree test (ST), and (c) Horn's parallel analysis (PA). The new decision-rule is based on the sums of disaggregate correlations for definite cluster solutions. All decision-…
Allies of convenience
Allies of convenience: Diplomatic relations between Great Britain and Austria 1714–1719." History of European Ideas, 14(2), p. 275
William III and the Northern Crowns during the nine years war, 1689–1697
(1992). William III and the Northern Crowns during the nine years war, 1689–1697. History of European Ideas: Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 275-282
The Maritime Powers 1721–1740
The Maritime Powers 1721–1740: A study of Anglo-Dutch relations in the age of walpole." History of European Ideas, 14(2), p. 275
Andrew Mitchell and Anglo-Prussian diplomatic relations during the seven years war
(1992). Andrew Mitchell and Anglo-Prussian diplomatic relations during the seven years war. History of European Ideas: Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 275-275
Pitt the elder
Jacobitism and British foreign policy
(1997). Jacobitism and British foreign policy. The European Legacy: Vol. 2, No. 5, pp. 849-853
Imperial Britain at War
An Imperial State at War: Britain from 1689 to 1815. Edited by Lawrence Stone (London: Routledge, 1994), 374 pp., £40.00 cloth
Complexity of Information Processing and the Speed-Ability Relationship
The effect of complexity, defined as a high number of cognitive operations in information processing, on the speed-ability relationship was investigated. Three reaction-time tasks and Wechsler's (1944) WAIS-R, as well as a reasoning scale, were administered to 76 university students. In each task, reaction times were obtained for three treatment levels, which required the participants to perform different numbers of cognitive operations: arithmet…
Cognitive Bias of Optimism and its Influence on Psychological Well-Being
An investigation of the cognitive bias observed in optimism and the influence of optimism on psychological well-being was conducted. The cognitive bias was assumed to be related to the repressive style of information processing, represented by the trait scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Social Desirability scale. Optimism and well-being were measured by the Life Orientation Test and the Social Optimism scale as well as by the Lif…
Cognitive Bias of Optimism and Its Influence on Psychological Well-Being
An investigation of the cognitive bias observed in optimism and the influence of optimism on psychological well-being was conducted. The cognitive bias was assumed to be related to the repressive style of information processing, represented by the trait scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Social Desirability scale. Optimism and well-being were measured by the Life Orientation Test and the Social Optimism scale as well as by the Lif…
Experiences and Expectations in Evaluating Preparation for an Examination
The predictability of the evaluation of preparing for an oral examination by means of self-concept and self-esteem as well as optimism and self-efficacy was investigated in a sample of 49 university students. Self-concept was measured by Frankfurter Selbstkonzeptskalen, self-esteem by the 16PF-O scale, personal optimism, social optimism, and self-efficacy by Fragebogen für Personalen Optimismus und Sozialen Optimismus—Erweitert, and the evaluatio…
Experiences and Expectations in Evaluating Preparation for an Examination
The predictability of the evaluation of preparing for an oral examination by means of self-concept and self-esteem as well as optimism and self-efficacy was investigated in a sample of 49 university students. Self-concept was measured by Frankfurter Selbstkonzeptskalen, self-esteem by the 16PF-O scale, personal optimism, social optimism, and self-efficacy by Fragebogen für Personalen Optimismus und Sozialen Optimismus--Erweitert, and the evaluati…
The Contributions of Memory and Attention Processes to Cognitive Abilities
In two experiments, the contributions of memory and attention processes to the cognitive abilities of reasoning and perceptual speed were investigated. Two measures of speed of information retrieval from long-term and short-term memory (Posner paradigm, Sternberg paradigm) and two attention measures (continuous attention test, attention switching test) were included in the first experiment (N = 220). The memory tests led to correlations with the …
The Value of Diplomatic History
This article, substantially based on archival sources, aims to rehabilitate diplomatic history as a mode of enquiry and education using the insights and reflections of Sir Herbert Butterfield, one of the leading historians of the twentieth century. Integrated with developments in theory, methodology and new areas of inquiry over the past generation, his thoughts, it will be argued, can inform the tenets of a revitalized diplomatic history—one tha…
Introduction Parliament and the Press
Newspapers, Politics and Public Opinion in the Later Hanoverian Era
The concurrence of expanding readership, increased circulation, party conflict and international tensions during the later Georgian age led to renewed emphasis on the newspaper press as a critical organ of public opinion. 1 Crises abroad or overseas, especially, were conducive to heightened press debate -the American and French revolutionary wars being prime examples of phases during which intensified press activity, evoking government vigilance …
Great Ambitions, Partly Fulfilled
The French Navy and the Seven Years’ War. By Jonathan R. Dull (Lincoln, NE: Nebraska University Press, 2005), 445 pp. $35.00 cloth
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