Bernhard Wälchli
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1453844 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Bernhard Wälchli |
| PRENOMES | Bernhard |
| SOBRENOME | Wälchli |
| ASSINATURA | WÄLCHLI B |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Stockholm University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0256-6855 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 24 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 2 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 22 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 3 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1998 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 1 |
The interplay of contrast markers (‘but’), selectives (“topic markers”) and word order in the fuzzy oppositive contrast domain
This investigation is a large-scale comparative corpus study of the oppositive contrast domain (also called “semantic opposition”) based on parallel texts. Oppositive contrast is established as a fuzzy region of the similarity space of contrast (‘but’), a domain also characterized by the occurrence of selectives (“topic markers”) and of initial non-predicative phrases in VSO/VOS-languages. Major findings are that many languages have special oppos…
We need world-wide corpus-based typology
Language is a tool for communication in concrete use and there are several thousand languages; hence, approaches that are both corpus-linguistically and typologically informed must play an important role in linguistics. This is demonstrated in an investigation of the generally expressed meaning (GEM) 'only', considered here in translations of the New Testament. It is shown that restrictives are universal (are attested in all 121 languages of a st…
Not…Until across European Languages
We present a parallel corpus study on the expression of the temporal construction ‘not...until’ in a sample of European languages. We use data from the Europarl corpus and create semantic maps by multidimensional scaling, in order to analyze cross-linguistic and language-internal variation. This paper builds on formal semantic and typological work, extending it by including conditional constructions, as well as connectives of the type as long as.…
Selectives (“topic markers”) on subordinate clauses
This typological study based on data from a parallel text corpus is a two-step investigation of selectives (“topic markers”). First, a set of selectives in 81 languages from all continents is compiled on the basis of their occurrence with emphatic personal pronouns in contrast constructions. In a second step, it is explored how this set of markers is used across 19 subordinate clause domains. The results indicate that, despite much crosslinguisti…
Jan Peter Locher
As long as’, ‘until’ and ‘before’ clauses
This paper investigates ‘before’, ‘until’ and ‘as long as’ clauses in the Baltic languages in their wider areal and genealogical context in a sample of 72 modern and ancient doculects of European and Indo-European languages. In a bottom-up construction of the semantic map of ‘before’, ‘until’ and ‘as long as’ connectors from parallel text data, a fourth cluster intermediate between ‘before’ and ‘until’ with negative main clauses is identified. Th…
The morphologization of negation constructions in Nalca (Mek, Tanah Papua), or, how nothing easily moves to the middle of a word
The Mek language Nalca has undergone a rapid synthetization of verbal negation by way of two successive stages of asymmetric negation, the first one involving referential zeroing with a verbal noun, the second one reintroducing person marking with an auxiliary in analogy to non-verbal predicates. This development can be traced in texts in the more conservative closely related Mek language Eipo. Referential zeroing originally had the connotation o…
The incomplete story of feminine gender loss in Northwestern Latvian dialects
The aim of this paper is to show that Northwestern Latvian dialects (also called Tamian) are insufficiently characterized by placing them on a simple linear hierarchy of feminine gender loss, which is how they are traditionally approached in Latvian dialectology. While Lithuanian and Central and High Latvian dialects all have very similar and fairly canonical gender systems, various Northwestern Latvian dialects display a wealth of underexplored …
Non-specific, specific and obscured perception verbs in Baltic languages
Opportunistic perception verbs (‘see’, ‘hear’, as opposed to explorative perception verbs, ‘look’, ‘listen’) express the opportunity for perception and are condition-oriented (exposure, i.e. the perceiver’s exposure to a stimulus), not participant-oriented, in their aspectual structure. The Baltic languages, as other languages in Central, East, and Northern Europe, have specific perception verbs, which are a subtype of opportunistic perception ve…
Logophoricity in Eastern Vidzeme
Eastern Vidzeme is an important, hitherto neglected, area for the study of logophoricity in the Circum-Baltic languages. This paper shows, on the one hand, that logophoricity in Latvian is not restricted to Latgalian dialects, but is almost fully consistent in the writings of the novelist Andrievs Niedra (1871–1942) originating from Tirza, and on the other hand, that Leivu Estonian, a moribund South Estonian language island in Northeastern Vidzem…
Methods in Contemporary Linguistics
Lexical typology through similarity semantics
This paper discusses a multidimensional probabilistic semantic map of lexical motion verb stems based on data collected from parallel texts (viz. translations of the Gospel according to Mark) for 100 languages from all continents. The crosslinguistic diversity of lexical semantics in motion verbs is illustrated in detail for the domain of `go', `come', and `arrive' type contexts. It is argued that the theoretical bases underlying probabilistic se…
The Circum-Baltic languages
Baltische Geräuschverben und Ideophone. Eine Herausforderung für die Sprachtypologie
Aina Mārīte Urdze, Ideophone in Europa. Die Grammatik der lettischen Geräuschverben (Diversitas Linguarum, 27).Bochum 2010. ISBN 978-3-8196-0769-1. [in German]
The consonant template in synchrony and diachrony
This paper investigates the importance of (unique) consonants in identifying cross-linguistic cognates. It is argued that consonants play a crucial role both in diachrony for the identification of cognates and in synchrony for the identificationof stemforms. The same algorithm — alignment of the consonant template (ACT) — is applied both in diachrony for identifying cognates and in synchrony for aligning stemforms. It is argued that identifying c…
Author's Reply - We Just Lag Behind, or Phonetics is Ahead of Semantics, as Usual
Reply to Commentator
Similarity Semantics and Building Probabilistic Semantic Maps from Parallel Texts
This paper deals with statistical (non-implicational) semantic maps, built automatically using classical multidimensional scaling from a direct comparison of parallel text data (the Gospel according to Mark) in the domain of motion events (case/adpositions) in 153 languages from all continents in 190 parallel clauses. The practical objective is to present one way (among other possible ways) in which semantic maps can be built easily and fully aut…
Commentary on Malchukov - Three Questions about Analyzing Semantic Maps
Commentary on Malchukov
New Challenges in Typology
The sixteen chapters in this volume are written by typologists and typologically oriented field linguists who have completed their Ph.D. theses in the first four years of this millennium. The authors address selected theoretical questions of general linguistic relevance drawing from a wealth of data hitherto unfamiliar to the general linguistic audience. The general aim is to broaden the horizons of typology by revisiting existing typologies with…
Typology of heavy and light again or the eternal return of the same
This paper investigates the expression of preceded events in a sample of 100 languages from all continents in parallel texts. A distinction is made between heavy ‘again’ expressions (such as English again ; emphatic, occurring in all languages) and light ‘again’ expressions (such as English re- ; non-emphatic, occurring only in some languages). Light ‘again’ expressions develop at least partly from heavy ‘again’ expressions by means of rhetorical…
The Circum-Baltic languages
Lexical evidence for the parallel development of the Latvian and Livonian verb particles
Latvių ir lyvių kalbų leksinių reikšmių suartėjimas ir jo reikšmė baltų kalbų klasifikacijai
The Circum-Baltic languages
Methods in Contemporary Linguistics
The present volume is a broad overview of methods and methodologies in linguistics, illustrated with examples from concrete research. It collects insights gained from a broad range of linguistic sub-disciplines, ranging from core disciplines to topics in cross-linguistic and language-internal diversity or to contributions towards language, space and society. Given its critical and innovative nature, the volume is a valuable source for students an…
Lexical typology through similarity semantics
This paper discusses a multidimensional probabilistic semantic map of lexical motion verb stems based on data collected from parallel texts (viz. translations of the Gospel according to Mark) for 100 languages from all continents. The crosslinguistic diversity of lexical semantics in motion verbs is illustrated in detail for the domain of `go', `come', and `arrive' type contexts. It is argued that the theoretical bases underlying probabilistic se…
Latvių ir lyvių kalbų leksinių reikšmių suartėjimas ir jo reikšmė baltų kalbų klasifikacijai
The Circum-Baltic languages
Lexical evidence for the parallel development of the Latvian and Livonian verb particles
Typology of heavy and light again or the eternal return of the same
This paper investigates the expression of preceded events in a sample of 100 languages from all continents in parallel texts. A distinction is made between heavy ‘again’ expressions (such as English again ; emphatic, occurring in all languages) and light ‘again’ expressions (such as English re- ; non-emphatic, occurring only in some languages). Light ‘again’ expressions develop at least partly from heavy ‘again’ expressions by means of rhetorical…
New Challenges in Typology
The sixteen chapters in this volume are written by typologists and typologically oriented field linguists who have completed their Ph.D. theses in the first four years of this millennium. The authors address selected theoretical questions of general linguistic relevance drawing from a wealth of data hitherto unfamiliar to the general linguistic audience. The general aim is to broaden the horizons of typology by revisiting existing typologies with…
Baltische Geräuschverben und Ideophone. Eine Herausforderung für die Sprachtypologie
Aina Mārīte Urdze, Ideophone in Europa. Die Grammatik der lettischen Geräuschverben (Diversitas Linguarum, 27).Bochum 2010. ISBN 978-3-8196-0769-1. [in German]
The consonant template in synchrony and diachrony
This paper investigates the importance of (unique) consonants in identifying cross-linguistic cognates. It is argued that consonants play a crucial role both in diachrony for the identification of cognates and in synchrony for the identificationof stemforms. The same algorithm — alignment of the consonant template (ACT) — is applied both in diachrony for identifying cognates and in synchrony for aligning stemforms. It is argued that identifying c…
Author's Reply - We Just Lag Behind, or Phonetics is Ahead of Semantics, as Usual
Reply to Commentator
Similarity Semantics and Building Probabilistic Semantic Maps from Parallel Texts
This paper deals with statistical (non-implicational) semantic maps, built automatically using classical multidimensional scaling from a direct comparison of parallel text data (the Gospel according to Mark) in the domain of motion events (case/adpositions) in 153 languages from all continents in 190 parallel clauses. The practical objective is to present one way (among other possible ways) in which semantic maps can be built easily and fully aut…
Commentary on Malchukov - Three Questions about Analyzing Semantic Maps
Commentary on Malchukov
The Circum-Baltic languages
Methods in Contemporary Linguistics
Lexical typology through similarity semantics
This paper discusses a multidimensional probabilistic semantic map of lexical motion verb stems based on data collected from parallel texts (viz. translations of the Gospel according to Mark) for 100 languages from all continents. The crosslinguistic diversity of lexical semantics in motion verbs is illustrated in detail for the domain of `go', `come', and `arrive' type contexts. It is argued that the theoretical bases underlying probabilistic se…
Logophoricity in Eastern Vidzeme
Eastern Vidzeme is an important, hitherto neglected, area for the study of logophoricity in the Circum-Baltic languages. This paper shows, on the one hand, that logophoricity in Latvian is not restricted to Latgalian dialects, but is almost fully consistent in the writings of the novelist Andrievs Niedra (1871–1942) originating from Tirza, and on the other hand, that Leivu Estonian, a moribund South Estonian language island in Northeastern Vidzem…
Non-specific, specific and obscured perception verbs in Baltic languages
Opportunistic perception verbs (‘see’, ‘hear’, as opposed to explorative perception verbs, ‘look’, ‘listen’) express the opportunity for perception and are condition-oriented (exposure, i.e. the perceiver’s exposure to a stimulus), not participant-oriented, in their aspectual structure. The Baltic languages, as other languages in Central, East, and Northern Europe, have specific perception verbs, which are a subtype of opportunistic perception ve…
The incomplete story of feminine gender loss in Northwestern Latvian dialects
The aim of this paper is to show that Northwestern Latvian dialects (also called Tamian) are insufficiently characterized by placing them on a simple linear hierarchy of feminine gender loss, which is how they are traditionally approached in Latvian dialectology. While Lithuanian and Central and High Latvian dialects all have very similar and fairly canonical gender systems, various Northwestern Latvian dialects display a wealth of underexplored …
As long as’, ‘until’ and ‘before’ clauses
This paper investigates ‘before’, ‘until’ and ‘as long as’ clauses in the Baltic languages in their wider areal and genealogical context in a sample of 72 modern and ancient doculects of European and Indo-European languages. In a bottom-up construction of the semantic map of ‘before’, ‘until’ and ‘as long as’ connectors from parallel text data, a fourth cluster intermediate between ‘before’ and ‘until’ with negative main clauses is identified. Th…
The morphologization of negation constructions in Nalca (Mek, Tanah Papua), or, how nothing easily moves to the middle of a word
The Mek language Nalca has undergone a rapid synthetization of verbal negation by way of two successive stages of asymmetric negation, the first one involving referential zeroing with a verbal noun, the second one reintroducing person marking with an auxiliary in analogy to non-verbal predicates. This development can be traced in texts in the more conservative closely related Mek language Eipo. Referential zeroing originally had the connotation o…
Jan Peter Locher
Not…Until across European Languages
We present a parallel corpus study on the expression of the temporal construction ‘not...until’ in a sample of European languages. We use data from the Europarl corpus and create semantic maps by multidimensional scaling, in order to analyze cross-linguistic and language-internal variation. This paper builds on formal semantic and typological work, extending it by including conditional constructions, as well as connectives of the type as long as.…
Selectives (“topic markers”) on subordinate clauses
This typological study based on data from a parallel text corpus is a two-step investigation of selectives (“topic markers”). First, a set of selectives in 81 languages from all continents is compiled on the basis of their occurrence with emphatic personal pronouns in contrast constructions. In a second step, it is explored how this set of markers is used across 19 subordinate clause domains. The results indicate that, despite much crosslinguisti…
The Circum-Baltic languages
The interplay of contrast markers (‘but’), selectives (“topic markers”) and word order in the fuzzy oppositive contrast domain
This investigation is a large-scale comparative corpus study of the oppositive contrast domain (also called “semantic opposition”) based on parallel texts. Oppositive contrast is established as a fuzzy region of the similarity space of contrast (‘but’), a domain also characterized by the occurrence of selectives (“topic markers”) and of initial non-predicative phrases in VSO/VOS-languages. Major findings are that many languages have special oppos…
We need world-wide corpus-based typology
Language is a tool for communication in concrete use and there are several thousand languages; hence, approaches that are both corpus-linguistically and typologically informed must play an important role in linguistics. This is demonstrated in an investigation of the generally expressed meaning (GEM) 'only', considered here in translations of the New Testament. It is shown that restrictives are universal (are attested in all 121 languages of a st…
Methods in Contemporary Linguistics
The present volume is a broad overview of methods and methodologies in linguistics, illustrated with examples from concrete research. It collects insights gained from a broad range of linguistic sub-disciplines, ranging from core disciplines to topics in cross-linguistic and language-internal diversity or to contributions towards language, space and society. Given its critical and innovative nature, the volume is a valuable source for students an…
Computer Science (19 obras) · Linguistics (18 obras) · Philosophy (16 obras) · Linguistics, Language Diversity, and Identity (9 obras) · Linguistic Variation and Morphology (8 obras) · Linguistics and language evolution (8 obras) · Natural language processing (7 obras) · History (6 obras) · Psychology (6 obras) · Artificial Intelligence (5 obras)